中考英语总复习名词专项讲解及练习

一、初中英语名词

1．Hurry up! Some and are on sale in the supermarket.

A. tomato; egg

B. tomatoes; egg

C. tomatoes; eggs

D. tomato; eggs

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：快点！超市里一些西红柿和鸡蛋在销售。tomato西红柿；egg鸡蛋；都是可数名词。根据some，可知此处要用复数名词。故选C。

【点评】此题考查名词复数。要注意名词的复数形式。

2．On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the __________110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar.

A. man

B. men

C. men's

D. mens'

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：4月24日，谢文军在卡塔尔举行的亚洲田径锦标赛男子110米栏比赛中夺得金牌。hurdles，跨栏赛，名词复数，与man之间是所属关系，此处要用名词复数的所有格，men所有格不是以s 结尾，直接在复数后打撇加s，men's，故选C。

【点评】考查名词复数所有格的构成和用法。注意名词复数的所有格的变化规则。3．（?连云港）—It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.

—Yes, it's a major way of for them.

A. suggestion

B. vacation

C. production

D. communication

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：—对于聋哑人学手语是有用的。—是的，对于他们来说主要的方式是交流。A. suggestion建议； B. vacation假期； C. production成果，产品； D. communication交流，通讯。根据常识可知学习手语的目的是交流，故选D。

4．（?江苏扬州）——Finding information is not a big deal today.—— Well, the ______is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.

A. courage

B. message

C. challenge

D. knowledge

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:一一现在找到信息不是难事。一一哦，最大的挑战是我们是否可以说出信息有用与否。A.勇气;B.消息，信息;C. 挑战;D.知识。找到信息它易，辨别是否有用是对我们的挑战。故选C。

5．（?六盘水）—How well she sings!

— Yes, she has a very beautiful ______.

A. voice

B. sound

C. noise

D. laughter

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：－她唱得多好啊。－是的，她有一副非常优美的嗓音。A. voice嗓音，说话声；B. sound声音，指自然界的声音；C. noise噪音，嘈杂声；D. laughter笑声。歌唱得好，嗓音美。故选A。

【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，以及voice；sound；noise；laughter四个词的词义和用法。

6．After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for ____________.

A. price

B. noise

C. peace

D. course

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：在战后几年里，叙利亚人们渴望和平。A.价格；B.噪音；C.和平；

D.课程。根据常识可知战后人们肯定是渴望和平，故选C。

【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。

7．______ honest man he is!

A. What

B. What an

C. How

D. How an

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：他是一个多么诚实的人！根据honest man 诚实的人，可知需要填an表一个，因为honest是元音开头。man是可数名词。What 修饰名词，How修饰形容词、副词。What an honest man he is! 相当于How honest the man is! 故选B。

【点评】考查感叹句的用法。

8．— I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing.

— Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of in doing it.

A. expression

B. experiment

C. examination

D. experience

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道怎样使用趣味配音软件。——向Kitty寻求帮助。她有许多做它的经验。A.表达；B.实验；C.考试；D.经验。向Kitty寻求帮助的原因是Kitty有这方面的经验，故选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。

9．The New Silk Road will offer a good _____ for more nations to communicate．

A. chance

B. habit

C. question

D. price

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】新丝绸之路将会给更多国家提供交流的好机会。根据各个选项的意思chance"机会"；habit"习惯，习性"；question"问题"；price"价格"，根据语境可知新丝绸之路将会给更多国家提供交流的好……对照选项的意思可推知提供一个好机会，故填入chance，故选A。

10．（?滨州）—Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou？

—Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ______．

A. surprise

B. achievement

C. education

D. satisfaction

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：﹣你知道科学家屠呦呦吗？﹣是的，由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015年的诺贝尔医学奖。

surprise惊讶；achievement成就；education教育；satisfaction满意；赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的，故选B。

【点评】名词辨析，根据句意选择合适的词。

11．— I have a bad cold.

— Sorry to hear that. You'd better go to see a ________ at once.

A. doctor

B. cook

C. writer

D. farmer

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：——我得了重感冒。——很遗憾听到这些，你最好马上去看医生。从上文可看出，说话人“得了感冒“，需要去看”医生“，固定搭配see a doctor，故答案选 A。

【点评】考查名词辨析，根据语境选择合适意义的词。

12．—_________is coming. What can I get for my mother? — What about a scarf?

A. Women's Day

B. Woman's Day

C. Womens' Day

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——妇女节要来了，我该为妈妈买什么呢？——条围巾怎么样？“妇女节”指的是妇女们的节日。妇女们：women，妇女们的：women's。故选A。

13．I am hungry. I'd like to have some ______.

A. rice

B. sandwich

C. dumpling

D. egg

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我饿了。我想吃点米饭。此处有some 修饰，后面应该是复数名词或不可数名词。sandwich,dumpling和egg都可数，应该为复数，rice不可数，故答案为A。

【点评】考查不定代词some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。

14．—The last bus has left. What should we do?

—Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now.

A. choice

B. reason

C. habit

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。我们应该怎么办呢？－我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的选择了。A. choice选择；B. reason理由；C. habit习惯。没公交了，只有坐出租车这条选择，没有别的选择了。故选A。

【点评】此题考查名词的辨析。

15．---_______ fathers didn't come to the meeting. Why? ---Because they have gone to Beijing.

A. Jeff's and Amy's

B. Jeff and Amy

C. Jeff's and Amy

D. Jeff and Amy's

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:一一杰夫和艾米的父亲没有来开会。为什么?一一因为他们去北京了。当两个人共同拥有同一个人或物时，只在最一个人后加所有格符号;当两个人拥有同类事物中的不同个体时，都要加所有格符号。本题中fathers是复数，说明两人父亲不同，两人都得加所有格符号，故选A。

16．—Are you sure this is a photo , the famous comedy actress?

—It surprised you, didn't it? But she was once really thin.

A. Jia Ling

B. Jia Ling's

C. of Jia Ling

D. of Jia Ling's

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词所有格。句意：—你肯定这是著名喜剧演员贾玲的一张相片吗？—使你吃惊，是不是？但是她曾经真的很瘦。一张……的相片：a photo of sb（指照片上拍摄的是某人）；a photo of one's（指照片是某人的摄影作品）。本题是指照片上是贾玲。故选C。

17．Computers are very useful．They can help us get much ________ on the Internet．

A. games

B. information

C. courage

D. messages

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析．句意"电脑是非常有用的．它们能帮助我们在网上获得更多的信息．"games游戏．information信息，不可数名词．courage勇气．messages信息，可数名词的复数形式．根据题干They can help us get much ________ on the Internet．可知句意应为它们能帮助我们在网上获得更多的信息．根据句中关键词

much．可知后面修饰不可数名词．结合选项只有B符合题意．故选B．

18．A group of ________ are talking with two _______.

A. Frenchmen; Germans

B. Germans; Frenchmans

C. Frenchmans; Germen

D. Germen; Frenchmen

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：一群法国人正在和两个法国人交谈。a group of修饰名词时，名词

用复数名词，数词two修饰复数名词。故选A。

【点评】此题考查名词的复数形式。

19．—My sister was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village in Xinjiang last year.

—She said she would never forget some pleasant _______ while working there.

A. experiments

B. expressions

C. experiences

D. emotions

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。experiment意为“实验”；expression意为“表述”；experience意为“经历”；emotion意为“情感”。答语句意：她说她将永远忘不了在那儿工作

时的一些愉快的经历。故答案为C

20．There are hundreds of teachers in our school and _______ of them are _______ teachers.

A. three hundreds, woman

B. three hundred, woman

C. three hundred, women

D. three hundreds, women

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：在我们的学校有几百名老师，而且其中的三百人是女老师。hundred百，是一个数词，跟基数词搭配时，不用复数形式，故A和D不对；第二个空woman做定语，修饰名词teacher，变复数的时候，两个名词都用复数形式，故填women。选C。

【点评】本题主要考察整百以及复合名词的复数形式的表达方式。需注意表示整百时，hundred不加"s"。表示女教师的复数形式时，woman和teacher均为复数形式。

21．The _____ want to have some _____ for lunch, so they decide to catch some.

A. Germans, fish

B. Canadian, fish

C. Germany, fish

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：这些德国人午饭想吃一些鱼，所以他们决定去抓一些。德国人的

复数是Germans，所以此题选A。

【点评】考查名词复数

22．The 2014 Winter Olympics was held in Sochi, in February.

A. Russia

B. Australia

C. Japan

D. China

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：2014届冬季奥运会是于二月在俄罗斯索契举行。Russia俄罗斯；Australia澳大利亚；Japan日本；China中国。根据地理知识可知该选A。

【点评】考查地名。

23．— Archimedes was really a wise man. He could easily ________ the king's problem.

— Yes, so he was. And he was also a great scientist who had a lot of ________.

A. reduce; adventures

B. beat; decisions

C. solve; achievements

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——阿基米德真是个聪明人。他可以轻易地……国王的问题。——是的，确实很聪明，他也是一个有着很多……的伟大科学家。A.减少；冒险。B.打败；决定。 C.解决；成就。结合句意选C。

【点评】考查动词和名词词义。

24．— Gary, have you received his _________ to the party?

— Yes, I've promised to take part in it on time.

A. invitation

B. notice

C. information

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：嘉利，你收到去聚会的邀请了吗？——是的，我保证按时参加。

【点评】考查名词辨析

25．I'd like some ________ and ________.

A. banana; tomato

B. bananas; tomato

C. bananas; tomatoes

D. banana; tomatoes 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：我想要一些香蕉和西红柿。banana和tomato都是可数名词，some后接复数形式，因此是bananas和tomatoes，故选C。

【点评】此题考查名词复数。注意some后跟可数名词复数。

26．There are three ______ and seven _______ in the picture.

A. deers, sheeps

B. deers, sheep

C. deer, sheep

D. deer, sheeps

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:这幅画当中有三只鹿和七只羊.在英语中名词deer 和sheep 的单复数同形,所以无论是表示单数含义还是复数含义,都没有单复数变化,故选C.

【点评】英语中名词有可数名词与不可数名词之分，可数名词又有单复数之分，当可数名词的数量大于一个时用复数，要变成复数形式，其构成规则也比较复杂，需要不断总结记忆。不可数名词大多是一些物质名词和抽象名词，没有数的变化，需要注意的是，一些在汉语中明显可数的名词，在英语中往往不可数，也需要加以总结，注意了解中西文化的差别，不能以中式思维思考英语问题。

27．—Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.

—That's a good . Reading makes a full man.

A. dream

B. wish

C. habit

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：---西蒙在每天上床睡觉前总是读书半个小时。---那是个好习惯。阅读让我成为一个充实的人。dream梦想；wish希望；habit习惯。睡前读书是要一种习惯，故答案为C。

【点评】考查名词的词义辨析。

28．——It's reported that many people were hurt in Kunming Terrorist Attacks （恐怖事件）on March 1st.

——_______ bad news!

A. What

B. How

C. What a

D. How a

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：据报道在3月1日的恐怖事件中有很多人受伤了。真是个坏消息！英语感叹句可用what和how引导，结构为what+a+形容词+可数名词单数（+主谓）/ what+形容词+不可数名词（+主谓）；how+形容词+主谓；结合题意故选A。

【点评】考查感叹句。

29．Uncle Wang is an excellent engineer. He is a friend of ________.

A. my father

B. my father's

C. my fathers

D. my fathers'

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：王叔叔是一名极好的工程师，他是我爸爸的一个朋友。根据 a friend of ，可知本结构为双重所有格，因此空缺处应使用名词所有格，我爸爸的，my father's，故答案是B。

【点评】考查名词所有格，注意在双重所有各种后面的名词应使用所有格结构。

30．一 What do you want to do as your future career?

一 I'd like to be an astronaut, but I think it is very difficult.

A. life

B. hobby

C. job

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你想做什么当作你未来的职业？——我想当宇航员，但是我认为那很困难。career职业；life生命；hobby爱好；job工作。故选C。

【点评】考查名词辨析。

31．Without______，we can't do many things such as watching TV or using washing machines．

A. water

B. electricity

C. air

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：没有电，我们不能做许多事情，如看电视，用洗衣机。water 水；electricity电；air空气。根据生活常识可知选B。

【点评】考查名词辨析和生活常识。

32．（?广西百色）I feel a bit tired for I saw a two ____ film last night.

A. hour

B. hours

C. hour's

D. hours’

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：因为昨天晚上我看了一部两小时的电影，所以我感到有点儿疲倦。“两小时”：two hours（表示不止一个，名词用复数），”两小时的”：two hours’（以s 结尾的名词的所有格，在s后加’）。故选D。

33． weather it is! Let's go fishing.

A. What a fine

B. How fine

C. What fine

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】这题考查感叹句的用法：what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词，这句话是修饰weather，而且是不可数名词，所以选C。

34．—_______ expensive mobile phone it is!

—Yes, but I think _______ style is quite fashionable.

A. What a；a

B. How；the

C. What an; the

D. How an; the

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】感叹句主要有what和how构成：

1、what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：1. What+a（an）+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！2. What+（形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！

2、How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！

上文expensive mobile phone中心词是mobile phone可数名词单数,expensive词首音素是元音,故用what an. 下文特指上文提到的手机的款式,故选C.

【点评】当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。冠词是一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。不定冠词用在可数单数名词前，表示泛指任何一个。定冠词用在名词前表示特指某一个。在专有名词及表示泛指的复数名词前一般不要冠词，叫做零冠词。应用中需结合一定的语境来判断是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。

35．Tigers like to eat _____________, but koalas like to eat____________.

A. meat , leaf

B. meats , leaf

C. meat , leaves

D. meats, leaves

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意老虎喜欢吃肉，但是考拉喜欢吃树叶。Meat是不可数名词，leaf是可数名词，且复数形式是leaves，故选C。

中考中考英语总复习名词专题练习

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