鼓泡流化床稻草与污泥共气化试验

2018年第37卷第7期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·2613·

化 工 进

鼓泡流化床稻草与污泥共气化试验

钟振宇,金保昇,裴海鹏,戴昕,王金德,黄亚继,王晓佳

(东南大学能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,江苏 南京 210096)

摘要:对工农业废弃物进行再利用对于保护环境和节约资源具有重要意义。本文在鼓泡流化床上进行了稻草与污泥共气化试验,分别分析了气化当量比、原料含水率和污泥掺混比对气化特性和焦油产量的影响。结果表明:当量比从0.2增加至0.4的过程中,产气中的可燃组分浓度、产气热值和气化效率均呈现先略有增大后逐渐减小的趋势,气化效率在当量比为0.25左右最大达到53.8%;在整个过程中,气化焦油产量随着当量比的增大而逐渐减小。原料含水率的增大对于气化具有削弱作用,随着含水率从5%增大到20%,产气中的可燃组分浓度均逐渐减小,产气热值、气体产率和气化效率在含水率为20%时均达到最低;焦油产量先增大后有所减小。在污泥掺混比从0增至30%过程中,H 2的浓度基本不变,CH 4和CO 的浓度先增加后减小,产气热值和气化效率在掺混比为20%时均达到最好;焦油产量随污泥掺混比增加先逐渐减小后略微增大。

关键词:鼓泡流化床;生物质;稻草;污泥;气化;合成气;焦油

中图分类号:TK6 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000–6613(2018)07–2613–07

DOI :10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1781

Experiment of co -gasification of rice straw and sludge in bubbling fluidized-bed

ZHONG Zhenyu ,JIN Baosheng ,PEI Haipeng ,DAI Xin ,WANG Jinde ,HUANG Yaji ,WANG Xiaojia (Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education ,Southeast University ,Nanjing

210096,Jiangsu ,China )

Abstract :The recycle of industrial and agricultural wastes is important for protecting the environment and conserving resources. The experiment of co -gasification of rice straw and sludge was performed in a bubbling fluidized-bed. The effects of gasification equivalence ratio (ER ),material moisture content and sludge mixing ratio on gasification characteristics and tar yield were analyzed ,respectively. The results showed that of the ER increased from 0.2 to 0.4,the content of combustible gas ,the low heating values (LHV )of syngas and gasification efficiency increased slightly at first and then decreased gradually. The gasification efficiency reached the maximum of 53.8% when the ER was 0.25;Tar yield decreased as the ER increased. When the material moisture increased from 5% to 20%,all the combustible gas content dropped ,so did the LHV of syngas ,gas yield and gasification efficiency ;Tar yield increased first and then reduced. When the sludge mixing ratio increased from 0 to 30%,the concentration of H 2 was essentially unchanged ,while the content of CO and CH 4 increased at first and then reduced. The LHV ,gas yield and gasification efficiency reached the best when the sludge mixing ratio was 20%;Tar yield decreased at first and then increased slightly.

Key words :bubbling fluidized-bed ;biomass ;straw ;sludge ;gasification ;syngas ;tar

第一作者:钟振宇(1992—),男,硕士研究生。E-mail :zzy0329@

https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, 。通讯作者:金保昇,教授,主要从事煤和生物质高效洁净转化理论与技术研究。E-mail :bsjin@https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, 。

收稿日期:2017-08-25;修改稿日期:2017-11-02。 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD21B06)、国家国际科技合作专项(S2014ER0016)及江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2013705)项目。

万方数据

塔式鼓泡流化床内的涌渗流动特性

CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(11): 4112-4120 ·4112· 化工学报 2017年第68卷第11期| https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, DOI:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170364 塔式鼓泡流化床内的涌渗流动特性 朱晓,沈来宏 (东南大学能源与环境学院,能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,江苏南京 210096)摘要:为强化气固接触,提出了一种新型塔式鼓泡循环床反应器,采用多个带有风帽的中间分布板、沿床层高度方向将反应器分隔成若干腔室,流化过程中形成一种特殊的涌渗(gushing)现象;依据连续拍照所得图像,基于快速傅里叶变换和小波包变换的方法,对床内压力脉动信号进行分析,研究涌渗产生和消亡条件,频率和能量大小,以期掌握涌渗的形成规律。结果表明,此反应器内流化数为3.47时涌渗产生明显,周期性寿命为1~2 s,频率分布于0.1~0.5 Hz区域;保持流化风速不变,改变反应器结构,加入一层中间分布板构成双腔室、调整下腔室高径比为3:1以及适当增大风帽开孔率时,涌渗主频明显,能量适中,涌渗效果得到优化。因此,塔式鼓泡流化床内的涌渗流动特性取决于流化风速以及塔式鼓泡床的几何结构。 关键词:鼓泡流化床;塔式反应器;涌渗;频谱分析;小波分析 中图分类号:TQ 053.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0438—1157(2017)11—4112—09 Characteristics on gushing in tower bubbling fluidized bed ZHU Xiao, SHEN Laihong (Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China) Abstract: In order to enhance the solid-gas contact, a new bubbling fluidized bed with tower reactor is designed. The fuel reactor is divided into several chambers along the bed height direction by internal air distributor with caps. In the period of fluidization, a special phenomenon is caused by slugging, which could be named “gushing”. The forming and disappearing of gushing can be recorded on the basis of image with a digital video camera. By using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and wavelet packet transform methods, the pressure fluctuation signal is analyzed to investigate the characteristics on gushing, including fluidization conditions, dominant frequency and energy mode of gushing. The results showed that gushing fluidization appears under the fluidization number of 3.47 in this reactor. Its cycle period is lasting 1—2 s and dominant frequency is around 0.1—0.5 Hz. Changing of reactor structure, like adding one distributor to reach two chambers, adjusting the aspect ratio of lower chamber to be 3:1 and enlarging the valve opening on caps of distributors, is the better structures for gushing fluidization. Therefore, in order to obtain a satisfactory gushing property in the reactor, the inlet gas velocity and reactor structure must be kept in a suitable condition. Key words: bubbling fluidized bed; tower reactor; gushing; spectral analysis; wavelet analysis 2017-04-10收到初稿,2017-06-30收到修改稿。 联系人:沈来宏。第一作者:朱晓(1992—),女,博士研究生。基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51561125001)。 Received date: 2017-04-10. Corresponding author: SHEN Laihong, lhshen@https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, Foundation item: supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51561125001). 万方数据

鼓泡流化床焚烧炉的结构与影响污泥干化焚烧系统能耗重要参数

鼓泡流化床焚烧炉的结构与影响污泥干化焚烧系统能耗重要 参数 摘要:各种污泥焚烧装置的不断出现给污水污泥处理行业带来了曙光,这篇文 章立足于分析污水污泥处理装置,探讨鼓泡流化床焚烧炉的结构和影响污泥干化 焚烧系统能耗的重要参数。在进行理论分析的同时将结合某厂的实际情况进行说明。 关键词:鼓泡流化床焚烧炉;干化焚烧系统;能耗 随着我国经济的不断发展和科学技术水平的不断提高以及人口的剧烈增长, 污水处理厂的建设也逐渐成为刚性需求。我们能看到在很多地区污水处理厂的规 模相较于以前成倍增大,这就导致污水厂在进行污水处理之后污泥的数量增大。 如何妥善处理污泥成为了众多污水厂面临的重要问题。按照现在污泥处理技术的 分类可分为以下几类:焚烧,填埋,土地利用等。在本文中主要提到污泥焚烧技术。污泥焚烧技术因其占地面积小,处理速度快,废物利用程度高等多个优点被 广泛认为是综合效益最高的污泥处理方式之一。 1.污泥焚烧技术 想要对于鼓泡流化床焚烧炉的结构以及影响污泥干化焚烧系统能耗的参数进 行了解,就要先明确什么事污泥焚烧技术以及污泥焚烧技术的分类,并且明确对 污泥焚烧方式进行选择的原因。在焚烧方式上来看,污泥焚烧技术分为直接焚烧 和干化焚烧。 1.1污泥直接焚烧 污泥直接焚烧的流程较为简单,就是先将污泥进行污水处理,然后将进行机 械脱水处理后的污泥直接投入到焚烧炉内进行焚烧。从简单的介绍中我们可以看 出污泥直接焚烧技术性简单,但是却存在着许多问题。首先机械脱水工作并不能 去除污泥中大量的水分,进行机械脱水工作后的污泥含水量依旧很高,而且热值 很低,这就导致污泥焚烧工作的开展需要配合燃料的辅助,例如煤、柴油等,这 样一来污泥焚烧工作就会造成很大的能源消耗。其次,在这里进行机械脱水之后 的污泥含水量依旧很大,这样一来污泥在燃烧之后就会产生很大的尾气并且气体 中含有较多的有害成分。从上面对于污泥直接焚烧技术的分析来看,污泥直接焚 烧不能很好地处理焚烧后尾气的问题,在尾气处理方面会耗费更大的精力。在我 们可持续发展战略和环境保护思想的指导下,这种污泥直接焚烧的方式完全不符 合要求,而且会在资金投入方面有很大的耗费,也不符合节约的思想和减少运行 成本的目的。 1.2污泥干化焚烧 污泥干化焚烧和污泥直接焚烧相比优点突出。污泥干化焚烧就是为了解决污 泥直接焚烧中出现的问题,也就是污泥含水量过高的问题。污泥干化焚烧所需的 最低污泥热值为3350-4000kj/kg。在污泥干化焚烧中也分为两类,一种是全干化,一种是半干化,这两种的区别就是进入焚烧炉污泥的含固率高低不同。污泥全干 化缺点明显,一是全干化产生的粉尘容易引发爆炸,二是全干化所蒸发水分多消 耗能量大,这两种缺点使我们选择半干化污泥焚烧。半干化在进行污泥干化时只 需要将污泥干化到进行焚烧工作时不需要进行燃料辅助即可。以重庆市的研究为例,得出半干化避免了粉尘爆炸的风险且经济效益高,所以说在进行污泥干化焚

考虑多组分颗粒运动各向异性的鼓泡流化床生物质气化数值模拟

第31卷第2期高校化学工程学报No.2 V ol.31 2017 年 4 月 Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities Apr. 2017文章编号:1003-9015(2017)02-0361-08 考虑多组分颗粒运动各向异性的鼓泡流化床生物质气化数值模拟 陈巨辉1,2, 孟诚1, 王帅3, 于广滨1, 胡汀2, 林枫2, 李九如1 (1. 哈尔滨理工大学机械学院能源与动力工程系, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150080; 2. 哈尔滨第703研究所燃气轮机室, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150036; 3. 哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150001) 摘要:考虑鼓泡流化床生物质气化过程多组分颗粒运动特点,建立多组分颗粒速度脉动二阶矩模型,结合化学反应 动力学方法描述鼓泡流化床内生物质气化过程。模拟的气体组分结果与采用原始颗粒动理学模型的模拟结果进行了比 较,并给出了两种粒径碳颗粒的浓度与温度瞬时分布。分析了两种碳颗粒的速度时均径向分布及速度脉动二阶矩时均 径向分布,两种碳颗粒的速度分布一致,说明不同粒径碳颗粒混合充分。粒径较大的碳颗粒速度脉动二阶矩在轴向与 径向上均较大,粒径的增加使得颗粒速度脉动增强。模拟统计了计算域内两种颗粒的速度脉动各向异性随颗粒浓度变 化关系,各向异性随颗粒浓度的增加逐渐减弱,粒径较大的碳颗粒在计算域内的各向异性平均效果不如粒径较小的碳 颗粒明显。 关键词:速度脉动各向异性;二阶矩模型;多组分;生物质气化;鼓泡流化床 中图分类号:O359 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9015.2017.02.015 Numerical Simulation of Biomass Gasification Considering Anisotropic Fluctuation of Multiphase Particles in Bubbling Fluidized Beds CHEN Ju-hui1,2, MENG Cheng1, WANG Shuai3, YU Guang-bin1, HU Ting2, LIN Feng2, LI Jiu-ru1 (1. Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China; 2. No. 703 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Harbin 150036, China; 3. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China) Abstract: Second-order moment (SOM) model considering anisotropic movements of multiphase particles was presented. Biomass gasification processes in bubbling fluidized beds were described combining with a chemical reaction kinetic method. The simulated gas molar fractions were compared with kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) model and SOM model. The instantaneous distribution of concentration and temperature of two char particles was given with their velocities analyzed. The results show that the velocity distribution was similar between these two particles, which indicate that the two char particles were well mixed. The second-order moment of the two char particles were analyzed, which is larger for the particle with diameter of 2.0 mm in axial and radial directions. Velocity fluctuation is enhanced with the increase of particle size. The anisotropy of velocity fluctuation for the two char particles was simulated as a function of char particle concentration, which is weakened with particle concentration increase. Moreover, the anisotropy of the char particle with smaller diameter is more obvious in the computational domain. Key words: anisotropy of velocity fluctuation; second-order moment model; multiphase particles; biomass gasification; bubbling fluidized bed 收稿日期:2016-07-13;修订日期:2016-10-11。 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51406045);中国博士后科学基金(2016M590122);哈尔滨理工大学青年拔尖创新人才培养计划资助(201504)。 作者简介:陈巨辉(1982-),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,哈尔滨理工大学副教授,博士。通讯联系人:陈巨辉,E-mail:chenjuhui@https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, 万方数据

鼓泡流化床稻草与污泥共气化试验

2018年第37卷第7期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·2613· 化 工 进 展 鼓泡流化床稻草与污泥共气化试验 钟振宇,金保昇,裴海鹏,戴昕,王金德,黄亚继,王晓佳 (东南大学能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,江苏 南京 210096) 摘要:对工农业废弃物进行再利用对于保护环境和节约资源具有重要意义。本文在鼓泡流化床上进行了稻草与污泥共气化试验,分别分析了气化当量比、原料含水率和污泥掺混比对气化特性和焦油产量的影响。结果表明:当量比从0.2增加至0.4的过程中,产气中的可燃组分浓度、产气热值和气化效率均呈现先略有增大后逐渐减小的趋势,气化效率在当量比为0.25左右最大达到53.8%;在整个过程中,气化焦油产量随着当量比的增大而逐渐减小。原料含水率的增大对于气化具有削弱作用,随着含水率从5%增大到20%,产气中的可燃组分浓度均逐渐减小,产气热值、气体产率和气化效率在含水率为20%时均达到最低;焦油产量先增大后有所减小。在污泥掺混比从0增至30%过程中,H 2的浓度基本不变,CH 4和CO 的浓度先增加后减小,产气热值和气化效率在掺混比为20%时均达到最好;焦油产量随污泥掺混比增加先逐渐减小后略微增大。 关键词:鼓泡流化床;生物质;稻草;污泥;气化;合成气;焦油 中图分类号:TK6 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000–6613(2018)07–2613–07 DOI :10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1781 Experiment of co -gasification of rice straw and sludge in bubbling fluidized-bed ZHONG Zhenyu ,JIN Baosheng ,PEI Haipeng ,DAI Xin ,WANG Jinde ,HUANG Yaji ,WANG Xiaojia (Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education ,Southeast University ,Nanjing 210096,Jiangsu ,China ) Abstract :The recycle of industrial and agricultural wastes is important for protecting the environment and conserving resources. The experiment of co -gasification of rice straw and sludge was performed in a bubbling fluidized-bed. The effects of gasification equivalence ratio (ER ),material moisture content and sludge mixing ratio on gasification characteristics and tar yield were analyzed ,respectively. The results showed that of the ER increased from 0.2 to 0.4,the content of combustible gas ,the low heating values (LHV )of syngas and gasification efficiency increased slightly at first and then decreased gradually. The gasification efficiency reached the maximum of 53.8% when the ER was 0.25;Tar yield decreased as the ER increased. When the material moisture increased from 5% to 20%,all the combustible gas content dropped ,so did the LHV of syngas ,gas yield and gasification efficiency ;Tar yield increased first and then reduced. When the sludge mixing ratio increased from 0 to 30%,the concentration of H 2 was essentially unchanged ,while the content of CO and CH 4 increased at first and then reduced. The LHV ,gas yield and gasification efficiency reached the best when the sludge mixing ratio was 20%;Tar yield decreased at first and then increased slightly. Key words :bubbling fluidized-bed ;biomass ;straw ;sludge ;gasification ;syngas ;tar 第一作者:钟振宇(1992—),男,硕士研究生。E-mail :zzy0329@ https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, 。通讯作者:金保昇,教授,主要从事煤和生物质高效洁净转化理论与技术研究。E-mail :bsjin@https://www.360docs.net/doc/d612668681.html, 。 收稿日期:2017-08-25;修改稿日期:2017-11-02。 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD21B06)、国家国际科技合作专项(S2014ER0016)及江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2013705)项目。 万方数据

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