高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题含答案(3)
高考英语词法固定短语知识点技巧及练习题含答案(3)
一、选择题
1．With his great talents, the new boy soon became _____ and whatever he said was law to all the other boys.
A．the black sheep B．all ears C．a wet blanket D．the top dog 2．Normal memory function involves many parts of the brain, and any disease or injury that affects the brain can interfere_________ the development of the brain.
A．for B．by C．in D．with
3．If Lincoln had lived, it________ be that his postwar policies would have brought criticism upon him that would________ his reputation.
A．might as well … have tarnished B．might well … have tarnished
C．might as well … tarnish D．might well … tarnish
4．________ a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins
except________ an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with people of humble origins. A．On … give B．On … gave
C．In … giving D．In … to give
5．She complained that she________ him for more than twenty years and she still didn’t know what went on inside his head.
A．had been married to B．had been married
C．had married with D．had married
6．According to Thomas Jefferson, it is ________ that keep freedom alive.
A．conflicting ideas and unquestioning agreement
B．not conflicting ideas but unquestioning agreement
C．unquestioning agreement and not conflicting ideas
D．not unquestioning agreement but conflicting ideas
7．In the past, a needle like a small sword could be used for letting liquid out of body parts which had______.
A．swollen up B．linked up C．dropped out D．worn out
8．As far as I’m concerned, this book deserves ______ several times.
A．being read B．to read C．reading D．read
9．______ catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.
A．In order to B．In order that C．So to D．So that
10．You may be an inexperienced candidate, but none of that makes things worse than your walking into that interview room ______in confidence.
A．lacked B．lacking C．for lack of D．lacking of
11．He was allowed to go swimming _______ he kept near the other boys.
A．on condition that B．as far as C．even if D．as though
12．A healthy diet and adequate physical exercises are the keys ______ a better life.
A．of having B．to have C．for having D．to having
13．Too much smoking and drinking ________ him greatly，which meant bad living habits had an ______ on his health.
A．affect；effect B．affected；effect
C．affected；effects D．affect；effects
14．It’s a pity that Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院) ________ fire on April 16, 2019. A．set B．made C．caught D．put
15．They are building the dam in _____ with another firm.
A．comparison B．association C．touch D．tune
16．The Dragon Boat Festival is _______ a Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
A．in memory of B．in favour of C．in charge of D．in case of
17．The number of teenagers who commit crimes _________ 20% over the past years.
A．have been reduced by B．has been reduced by
C．have been reduced to D．has been reduced to
18．My brother is so interested in languages that, he is now learning _____ third language besides Eng-lish and French.
A．不填B．the C．a D．that
19．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to
live_________nature.
A．in view of B．in need of C．in touch with D．in harmony with 20．—How about a chat over a cup of coffee this afternoon?
—Sorry,I’m________today and can’t put you in.Let’s make it sometime next week.
A．on a limited budget B．in high spirits
C．on a tight schedule D．in deep doubt
21．The most important lesson that the spread of Co-19 virus has taught us is that wild life is of equal importance as human life and the only way for us to survive is to live________nature. A．in view of B．in need of
C．in touch with D．in harmony with
22．My father is lively and____, but he is not very patient_____me.
A．energy; with B．energetic; with
C．energy; of D．energetic; of
23．He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me_______ that again.
A．said to me;not to do B．said to me;don’t do
C．told me;don’t do D．told me;not to do
24．No one knows exactly when the first wheel ________ or what it was used for.
A．was come into being B．came in existence
C．came into existence D．was existed
25．It is always better to__________ your worries and troubles with your trusted friends or relatives.This helps lighten your burden.
A．tell B．deal C．divide D．share
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
1．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查习语辨析。句意：凭借他的天赋，这个新来的男孩很快就成了头号人物，对其他男孩来说，他所说的一切都是法律。A.the black sheep害群之马；B.all ears意为洗耳恭听；C.a wet blanket扫兴的人或事；D.the top dog领头羊。根据“whatever he said was law to all the other boys.”可知，D选项符合句意。故选D。
2．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：正常的记忆功能涉及大脑的许多部分，任何影响大脑的疾病或损伤都会干扰大脑的发育。固定搭配：with the development of“随着------的发展”。根据句意，故选D。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：如果林肯还活着的话，他的战后政策也许很可能会给他带来有损他名望的批评。might as well意为“也可以，倒不如”，might well意为“有可能”,根据句意，故排除A、C项错误；根据If Lincoln had lived是虚拟语气，意为“如果林肯还活着”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用了would have+过去分词虚拟语气，故B正确。4．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：在那个时代，除了下命令外，很少有贵族和出身卑微的人交谈，但杰斐逊特意和出身卑微的人交谈。第一空的day表示的是“时代”，故用介词in。except to为固定搭配，意为“除了，除非”。故D项正确。
5．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词marry。句意：她抱怨说她已经和他结婚20多年了，但她仍然不知道他脑子里在想什么。根据下文she still didn’t know可知，“marry”表示“过去的过去”发生的动作，用过去完成时；marry和get married是非延续的概念，故不可和表示”一段时间”的含义的时间状语用在一起，故排除C、D项；be married to sb.”嫁(娶)给某人”是固定用法，用介词to，故排除B项。故A项正确
6．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：托马斯·杰斐逊认为，保持自由活力的不是毫无疑问的共识，而是相互矛盾的观点。not…but…为固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，再加上翻译可知，D 项正确。
7．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在过去，一根像小剑一样的针可以用来让液体从身体肿胀的部位流出。A. swollen up 肿胀；B. linked up 会合、连接、联系；C. dropped out 退出、退学、脱离；D. worn out磨损，耗尽；穿破。根据句意，一根像小剑一样的针可以用来让液体从身体肿胀的部位流出。故选A项。
8．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就我而言，这本书值得多读几遍。根据deserves可知此处要用doing形式，固定搭配deserve doing sth.“值得做某事”。主动表达被动。故选C项。9．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：为了赶上第一班公交，他今天早晨起得非常早。分析句子，前半句没有主谓，不是从句，所以不能用that引导，in order to……为固定短语，作目的状语，意为“为了做某事”，可以放句首。故选A项。
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能是一个没有经验的求职者，但没有什么比你走进面试室时缺乏自信更糟糕的了。根据后文in confidence可知此处为短语be lacking in表示“缺乏”，且分析句子结构可知lacking in在句中作非谓语动词，故省略be动词。故选B。
11．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：他被允许去游泳，条件是他待在其他男孩附近。通过分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连接词，A. on condition that只要；B. as far as正如；C. even if即使；D. as though好像。结合语境翻译可知后句是前句成立的条件，因此使用on condition that意为“只要”切合题意。故选A项。
12．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：健康的饮食和适当的体育锻炼是拥有更好生活的关键。固定搭配：the key to sth./doing sth.“某事或做某事的关键”，此处to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故选D。
13．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查近义词辨析。句意：抽烟与酗酒严重影响了他，这意味着这种不好的生活方式影响着他的健康。affect 是动词，影响，感染。往往指不好的影响，根据从句中的meant可知，用一般过去式； have an effect on 对……影响，是固定短语。故选B项。
14．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词短语搭配。句意：可惜的是，巴黎圣母院在2019年4月16日着火了。“（某处）着火”用短语catch fire，再根据语境，用一般过去时caught fire。 A. set (fire)指“放火，纵火”；B. make fire指“生火，取火”均不符合题意，D项不能构成固定搭配，故可排除，综上，选C。
15．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在与另一家公司联合修建大坝。A. (in) comparison (with)与…比较； B. (in) association (with)与…联合； C. (in) touch (with)同…有联系； D. (in)tune (with)与…一致。根据句意可知，in association with意为“与…联合，协作”，故选B。16．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：端午节是为了纪念一位中国诗人，屈原。A．in memory of作为对……的纪念；B．in favour of支持，赞成；C．in charge of掌管；D．in case of以防。根据a Chinese poet, Qu Yuan可知，端午节是为了纪念诗人屈原的节日，in memory of符合句意。故选A项。
17．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：过去这些年，青少年犯罪率减少了20%。be reduced to…是指“降低到……（某个位置、具体数目）”，而be reduced by…则是指“降低了……（by后面跟降低的具体幅度，通常为百分比）”。这里20%是指程度，不是具体数值，所以这里用be reduced by。句子主语为the number of sth，动词用第三人称单数形式has been reduced by。故选B项。
【点睛】
18．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查冠词。句意：我弟弟对语言很感兴趣，他正在学习英语和法语之外的又一门语言。结合后文third language besides Eng-lish and French以及语境“英语和法语之外的又一门语言”可知此处为结构“不定冠词a / an + 序数词 + 名词”，强调在已知数量上再累加一个，翻译成“又一个”。故选C。
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in view of在……眼里；B.in need of需要；;C.in touch with和……接触； D. In harmony with与……和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，根据句意，故选D。
【点睛】
短语辨析和单词的考察在试卷中经常出现。通常在介绍一个词语的时候会顺带着列出其固定搭配的短语。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。当然介词短语的记忆可以结合具体介词以及主要的名词的意思来进行记忆。
20．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：——今天下午一起喝杯咖啡聊聊天怎么样?——对不起，我今天的日程很紧，不能给您安排了。那就定在下周吧。A.on a limited budget 预算有限；B.in high spirits兴高采烈；C.on a tight schedule 日程安排很紧；D.in deep doubt深度怀疑。根据后文的Let’s make it sometime next week.可知“今天日程安排紧，不能出去喝咖啡聊天”，选项C 最合语境。故选C。
21．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查词组。句意：Co-19病毒传播给我们的最重要的教训是，野生动物与人类生命同等重要，人类生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。A. in view of “考虑到”；B. in need
of“需要”； C. in touch with“同……有联系”；D. in harmony with“与……协调”。此处指“与自然协调”，故选D。
22．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查形容词和固定搭配。句意：我父亲生气勃勃，精力充沛，但他对我不是很有耐心。第一空用形容词作表语，和and前面的形容词lively在语法结构上保持一致；第二空，固定搭配be patient with…（对……有耐心），应用介词with。故选B项。
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他说，“不要再这样做了。”他告诉我不要再这样做了。结合句意表示“告诉某人不要做某事”短语为tell sb. not to do sth.。故选D。
24．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态。句意：没有人确切知道第一个轮子是什么时候出现的，也不知道它是用来做什么的。根据空后谓语动词was used for.可知，空处谓语动词需一般过去式，表示过去发生的事情；come into existence“出现”，固定短语，所以选项B表达错误，选项A的时态错误；come into being存在；exist存在，不及物动词，没有被动语态，所以选项D错误。故选C。
25．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与你信任的朋友或亲戚分享你的担心和烦恼总是更好些的。这有助于减轻你的负担。A．tell告诉；B．deal处理；C．divide分开；D．share分享。根据句意和句子结构可知，我们需要选择一个能与with搭配的动词来构成短语，且符合句意。share sth. with sb.意为“和某人分享某事”，符合句意。故选D项。
高中英语词组固定搭配(打印版)
高中英语词组固定搭配 a bit (of) 有一点,一会儿 a few 一些,少量 a great deal 大量,许多 a good/great many 大量,许多 a kind of 一种,一类 a little 一点,少许 a lot of 许多,大量 a number of 一些,许多 a pair of 一双,一副 a piece of 一块,一张,一根,一片above all 首先,首要 according to 根据,按照 add up to 合计达… after all 毕竟,终究 after class 课后 again and again 反复地,再三地agree to do sth. 同意做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的看法ahead of 在…之前 all in all 总的来说,总计 all kinds of 各种各样的 all over 到处,遍及,结束 all right 行了,好吧,(病)好了 all the best 一切顺利,万事如意answer for 对…负责 apart from 除去,除了 arrive at (in) a place 到达某地 as a matter of fact 事实上,其实 as a result (作为)结果 as...as 像,如同 as soon as 一…就… as far as (表示程度,范围)就…;尽…as if 好像,仿佛 as long as 只要 as though 好像,仿佛 as usual 通常,平常地 as well 也,还有 as well as 除…之外(也) belong to 属于 be proud of 骄傲,自豪 be strict with 对…严格要求both...and 两个都,既…又… break away from 脱离… break down 损坏; (化合物)分解,(汽车)抛锚break in 闯入,强行进入,插嘴,打断 break off 打断; 折断 break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生,爆发 break up 分解;分裂 bring in 引来,引进,吸收 bring on 引起,导致,使前进 bring up 教育,培养 build up 逐步建立 by accident 偶然 by air ( bus, train, ship ) 乘飞机(公共汽车,火 车,轮船) by and by 不久以后,逐渐地 by day 日间,在白天 by the way 顺便说 call for 提倡,号召, 需要 call in 召来,召集 call on 拜访,访问 call up 号召,打电话 care for 喜欢;照顾(病人) carry off 携走,夺走 carry on 继续下去; 继续开展 carry out 开展,执行 catch up with 赶上(或超过) change into 转换成,把…变成 check in 报到,登记 check out 查明; 结账 clear up 整理,收拾, (天气)放晴 come about 发生,产生 come across (偶然)遇见(或发现) come back 回来,想起来 come down 落,下来 come from 出生(于),来自 come in 进入,进来 come off 从…离开,脱落 come on 来吧,赶快 come out 出来,(书等)出版,发行 come to 共计,达到 come true 变为现实,成为事实 come up 上来,上升,抬头 come up with 追上;想出(主意);找出(答案) 1
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在～～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
2018高三英语常用动词短语搭配(完美版)
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2011高考英语动词短语汇总
2011高考英语动词短语汇总1、动词+about speak/talk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣bring about 引起，使发生set about 着手，开始come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心 2、动词+away throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散die away 逐渐消失，减弱pass away 去世 wash away 冲走take away 拿走，使消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送wear away 磨掉，消耗break away 摆脱 send away 让走开 turn away 把……打发走 3、动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住look back(on) 回顾hold back 控制住give back 归还 call back 回电话take back 拿回，收回 4、动词+for run for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 wait for 等候 stand for 代表，表示long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到care for 关心，喜欢beg for 乞求 search for 查找look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求hunt for 寻找 change for 用……换charge for 收费，要价apply for 申请take…for 误以为……是seek for 寻找 come for 来拿，来取 5、动词+down burn down 烧毁 break down 坏了，垮了，分解take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝 cut down 削减，砍倒 slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来put down 记下，写下，镇压calm down 平静下来 bring down 使……降低，使倒下settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下 tear down 拆毁，拆除 6、动词+at come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 run at 冲向，向……攻击work at 干……活动(研究) tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视 stare at 凝视glare at 怒视 glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向 smile at 冲(某人)笑strike at 向……打击
高考英语常考短语与固定搭配
高考英语常考短语与固定搭配continue sth/doing sth/to do/that…continue +形容词/副词/介词 go on with sth 继续（干）某事，中间有短暂的停顿 go on doing sth 继续干同一件事 go on to do sth 停下一件事而继续干另一件事 on one‘s own 靠自己；独自；自愿地call sth one‘s own 声称某物是自己的 of one‘s own 属于自己的；特有的come into one‘s own 本来的价值/权利被承认；得到应得的 hold one‘s own 坚守自己立场，不屈服；支撑下去 keep/have sth for one‘s own 把某物据为己有 provide for 供养；预备；（法律）允许provide against 预防，防范；（法律）禁止 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 提供某物给某人 supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 提供某物给某人 offer sth to sb = offer sb sth 提供某物给某人 be content with sb/sth 对某人/某物感到满意 be content to do sth 对做……感到满意carry on（with）sth 继续干某事 carry on doing sth 继续干某事carry…about… 随身携带 carry out 实施，执行，履行 carry away 拿走，冲走，掠走；吸引住（某人） carry through 达成；贯彻；使渡过难关“代替”短语： instead of in place of = in one‘s place take the place of deliver a baby 生孩子 be delivered of 生产，分娩 deliver the goods 履行诺言 Stand and deliver！站住，把值钱的东西拿出来！deliver note 送货单 deliver milk/newspaper 发送牛奶/报纸special/express delivery （）快递 nail down 确定 know about sth 了解或知道某事物 know of sb /sth 知道某人（事）的情况make sb/sth know 让某人（事）被了解 be well-known as 因……而著名 know sb by sight 面熟 a work on radio 一本关于无线电的著作 at work 在上班 go to work 去上班 come back from work 下班回来 out of work = out of a job 失业 a steel works 一家钢厂（表“工厂“时单复数同形） works of art 艺术作品；美术作品 works of Shakespeare 莎士比亚的著作 by/of/under the name of 以……为名字 in the name of 以……的名义；凭…… name after/for 以……命名 the amount of ……的量，后接不可数名词 a large amount of + 不可数名词单数形式large amounts of + 不可数名词复数形式 修饰可数名词：many，many a（an），a great/good many，a good/large number of 修饰不可数名词：much，a good/great deal of a large amount of 修饰可数名词与不可数名词：a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of，plenty of， a supply of，supplies of bet sth on 下赌注于……上 have/place a bet on 下赌注于……上 I bet 我敢肯定，我敢预言；我相信，我想得出 you bet 的确，当然，一定，一点也不错 do sth for a bet 为打赌而做某事 be/get lost =lose oneself 迷路 walk down the street 在街上走 hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事 hear sb （to）do sth 听到某人做某事（全过程） hear from sb 收到某人的来信 hear of/about 听说 permit sb/sth to do sth 允许某人做某事