初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)
名词〔一〕
一、名词的概念：在咱们身旁存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称号，咱们用来称号它们的词确实是名词，归纳来讲表示人、事物、地址、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。
二、名词的分类：
1．专出名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。
a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China
b.组织、集体、机构等例如: the United Nations
c.语言、礼拜、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法)
注意：国家与人的对应
China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s)
France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen)
2．一般名词：
〔1〕不可数名词：不能够直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information …不可数名词要表示具体数量，必需借助of短语。如不能说one bread，可是能够说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。
只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：
little很少的〔表示否定〕； a little一些〔表示确信〕，much〔许多〕，how much〔多少〕， a bit of〔一些〕
既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：
some(一些，用于确信句), any〔一些，用于否定和疑问句〕a lot of (许多), lots of(许多)
★不可数名词量的表示方式：计量词+of
例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread
two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread
注意： a bag of apples
〔2〕可数名词：能够直接以数字计算的名词。如one book、two pens。可数名词有数的转变，即每一个名词都有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词能够用两种方式表示具体数量：1、直接在其前加数词；2、在其前加of短语〔of+能够用作计量的名词〕。如：one egg, two eggs; one basket of eggs, two baskets of eggs
★名词复数的组成：
a. 一样情形下，直接在词尾加s; 例如：book---books girl---girls desk---desks
b.以s, x, sh, ch结尾的，在词尾加es；例如：box---boxes bus---buses watch---watches fish---fishes
c. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i 加es; 例如：city---cities family---families
以元音字母〔a, e, i, o, u〕+y 结尾的，直接加s; 例如：boy---boys day---days key---keys
d. 以f或fe结尾的，变f或fe为v加es; 例如：knife---knives life---lives wife---wives
half---halves但roof, scarf 后直接加s
e. 以o结尾的，有生命的(或以辅音字母加o 结尾的)加es, 没生命的〔或以元音字母加o结尾
的〕加s; 例如：radio---radios Negro---Negroes
tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes zoo---zoos piano---pianos photo--- photos
但hippo后直接加s
以下名词专门容易犯错，请注意：stomach胃—stomachs, roof屋顶—roofs, reef暗礁—reefs, belief信仰—beliefs，handkerchief手帕—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves
★Man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, child-children,
fish-fish/fishes, sheep-sheep, ox-oxen〔公牛〕, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, mouse-mice policeman-policemen 等
注：German(德国人)–Germans
只能用来修饰可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：
few很少的〔表示否定〕，a few一些〔表示确信〕，many〔许多〕，how many〔多少〕，a number of(许
多的), several几个
课堂练习：
一、写出以下名词的复数形式：
1.egg _____________
2. watch _____________
3. story ______________
4. knife _____________
5. radio ___________
6. tomato _____________
7. desk _____________ 8. glass _____________ 9. child _______________
10. sheep ____________ 11. Chinese __________ 12.pencil-box ___________
13. wife ___________ 14. family________ 15. city____________
16. dress ___________ 17.Englishman ___________18. match ___________
19. exam___________ 20. German __________ 21. potato__________
22. .juice__________ 23.water________ 24.holiday________ 25.paper_______ 26.factory______ 27. thief_________
28.bus________ 29.class________ 30.glass______
31. wife 32. baby 33. policeman
二、单项选择
1. Please pass me _____.
A. two glass of water
B. two glasses of waters
C. two glasses of water
D. two glass water
2. They got much ____ from those new books.
A. ideas
B. photos
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d719205727.html,rmation
D. stories
3. He had something to write down and asked me for ______.
A.a paper
B.some papers
C.some pieces of papers
D.a piece of paper
5. I’d like some water, but he wants _______.
A. two bottle orange
B. two bottles of orange
C. two bottles of oranges
D. two bottles of oranges
6. Look at the _______. You can see______ ________ and ________.
A. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radioes
B. photoes; potatoes, tomatoes, radios
C. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radios
D. photos; potatos, tomatos, radioes
7. Cut the apple into ________. A. halfs B.halves C. half
8. Mr. Lin often gives us __________ by e-mail.
A. some good information
B. some good informations
C. good informations
D. a good information
9. There are _____ in the fields. They’re eating grass.
A. a horse
B. much horses
C. many horse
D. many horses
10. I am thirsty. Would you bring me _______, please?
A.some bread
B.some water
C.some cakes
D.some eggs
11. ---How great Dalian Radio and TV center looks!---Yes. That’s one of the greatest ________ in Dalian.
A. building
B. build
C. buildings
D. builds
12. How many ______ has the old farmer got?
A. field
B. sheep
C. mutton
D. cow
13. The guide has some new _______. She can show them to us.
A.rice
B.food
C.jacket
D.pictures
14. ---What would you like to drink, girls? ---__________, please.
A.Two cup of coffee
B.Two cups of coffees
C.Two cups of coffee
D.Two
cup of coffees
15. The _______ are going to fly to Beijing.
A.Germen
B.Germany
C.Germanys
D.Germans
16. The _______ has two ___________.
A.boys, watches
B.boy, watch
C.boy, watches
D.boys,watch
17. The boy always stays there for __________.
A.one and half hour
B.one and a half hour
C.one and half hours
D.one and a half hours
18. ---They are thirsty. Will you please give them _________? ---Certainly.
A.some bottles of waters
B.some bottles of water
C.some bottle of water
D.some bottle of waters
19. Don’t you think Dalian is one of the most beautiful ________ in China?
A.cities
B.city
C.place
D.towns up
20. ---What can I do for you? ---I’m looking for __________.
A.a pair of shoes
B.a pair of T-shirt
C.two pairs of hat
D.two pair of trousers
21. Twelve _______ were hurt, but no _________ were lost in that accident.
A.person; life
B.people; lives
C.peoples; lives
D.persons; life
22. There are ________ on the table.
A.a glass of water
B.a glass of milk
C.two glasses of water
D.a glass of orange
23. There are few _______ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.
A.vegetables
B.fruit
C.meat
D.eggs
24. Mr. Smith always has ________ to tell us.
A.some good pieces of news
B.some pieces of good news
C.some good piece of news
D.some piece of good news
25. There is a lot of ________ in the box.
A.cake
B.bags of cakes
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d719205727.html,k
D.bags of milk
课后作业：
一、英汉互译
1.一片面包
2. 一瓶牛奶
4. 一碗汤
6. 四杯桔子汁
8. 两千克牛肉
10. 六名女学生
二、用所给名词的正确形式填空。
1. I have two (knife).
2. There are many (box) here.
3. I got a lot of Christmas (card).
4. There is a pair of (glass) on the table.
5. There are a few (people) in the playground.
6. How many (ship) can you see in the picture?
7. Mike has seven (friend).
8. A few (boy) are drawing on the wall.
9. He has some interesting (book).
10. The (child) are playing football now.
三、单项选择
1. He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.
A. two breads
B. two piece of bread
C. two pieces of bread
D. two pieces of breads
2. I would like to have_______.
A. two glasses of milk
B. two glass of milk
C. two glasses of milks
D. two glass of milks
3. Can you give me ____?
A. a tea
B. some cup of tea
C. a cup tea D . a cup of tea
4. Please give me ________ paper.
A. one
B. a piece
C. a
D. a piece of
5. John bought_________for himself yesterday.
A. two pairs of shoes
B. two pair of shoe
C. two pair of shoes
D. two pairs shoes
6. Children should make____ for old people in a bus.
A. room
B. a room
C. rooms
D. the room
7. There are sixty-seven___ in our school.
A. women's teacher
B. women teachers
C. woman teachers
D. women teacher
8. We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?
A. potato
B. potatos
C. potatoes
D. Potatos
9.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans
B. Frenchmen; Germen
C. German; Frenchmen
D. Germans; Frenchmans
11.Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.
A. on feet
B. on foot
C. by foots
D. by buses
12. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.
A. sheep; cows
B. sheep; cow
C. sheeps; cow
D. sheeps; cows
13.She is the tallest of in the family.
A. any sister
B. all the sisters
C. all her sisters
D. any other sisters
14. They don’t have to do today.
A. much homework
B. many homeworks
C. many homework
D.much homeworks
15. The Chinese people enjoy happy now.
A. life
B. lifes
C. a life
D. lives
名词〔二〕
重点：名词所有格
在英语中，有些名词的词尾能够加上’s, 用来表示所属关系，这种构造称为名词
的所有格。
1. 单数名词变所有格，只需在词尾加’s.
Eg. the boy’s schoolbag the worker’s shoes
2.复数名词的词尾已有s, 只需加’即可。
Eg. the teachers’ office the students’ pens
3. 假设复数名词词尾无s, 那么应加’s.
Eg. Women’s Day the People’s Park
4.无生命的词的所有格一样可用of 加名词这一构造来表示。
Eg. the name of the museum the center of the city
5.表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名词前加’s，假设表示各自所有，那么每一
个名词后都要加’s.
Eg. Jim and Tom’s bedroom (吉姆和汤姆的卧室)〔两人共有〕
Jim’s and Tom’s bedrooms (吉姆和汤姆的卧室) 〔两人各自所有〕
课堂练习：
一、用’s 或of 填空。
1. my mother bag
2. Tom friend
3. the door our room
4. postmen bags
5. the teachers desk
6. a book my father’s
二、汉译英
1. 露西的书
2. 学生们的鞋子
3. 李明的猫
4. 母亲的裙子
5. 那个公园的花
6. 咱们教室的墙
三、用所给名词的正确形式填空。
1. This is (May) book.
2. My (brothers) toy cars are very beautiful.
3. He is a friend of my (mother).
4. That’s (Ken and Bill) new bedroom.
5. ---Whose are these lunchbox?
---They are (Ben).
6. (Pat) bag is very pretty. 〔Bob〕is very pretty, too.
7. These books are my (friend).
8. Tomorrow is June 1st. It’s (children) Day.
四、单项选择
1. This is not your radio, but .
A. yours brother
B. your brother’s
C. you brother’s
D. yours brothers
2. September 10th is Day.
A. Teacher
B. Teachers
C. Teachers’
D. Teachers’s
3. Jane is sister.
A. Mary and Jack
B. Mary’s and Jack’s
C. Mary’s and Jack
D. Mary and Jack’s
4. I will give you to finish it.
A. two week’s time
B. two week time
C. two weeks’ time
D. two weeks time
5. Miss Smith is a friend of .
A. Mary’s mother’s
B. Mary’s mother
C. Mary mother’s
D. mother’s of Mary
6. March 8th is Day.
A. Woman
B. Women
C. Women’s
D. Woman’s
7. Mary went to last night.
A. the house of her father
B. hers father’s house
C. the house’s her father
D. her father’s house
8. There are sheep in this place.
A. a lot
B. lot
C. much
D. many
9. It’s about walk from this shop to the nearest bus stop.
A. three minutes’
B. three minute
C. three minute’s
D. three minutes’s
10. The doctor was very happy. He made mistakes in the exam.
A. a little
B. little
C. few
D. a few
课后练习：
一、用’s 或of 填空。
1. the desks our classroom
2. my btother computer
3. windows the office
4. the students Grade four
5. the drivers cars
6. today newspaper
7. Linda blouse 8. the doctors coats
二、汉译英。
1. 六个月的假期
2. Lily和Lucy 的单车
3. 教师们的包
4. 女孩们的裙子
5. 小孩们的牛奶
6. 林涛的衣服
7. 她姐姐的照片 8. 这些男士的茄克
三、将下面的句子填写完整。
1. 〔李明的父母〕work in a big hospital.
2. (小女孩的狗) is under the tree.
3.That big bed is (Mike 和Jack的).
4. (母亲的鞋子) are all black.
5. (教室的窗户) are not big.
6. (Peter 和Sue 各自的教师) are not in the office.
7. (他的猫的名字) is Miao.
8. This is (我妹妹的英语书).
9. (王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.
10. Is this (你的好朋友的笔)?
四、用be 动词的适当形式填空。
1. There a desk and three chairs here.
2. Half of the information lost yesterday.
3. He thinks maths very difficult.
4. Look, there so much water here!
5. there any people in the room last night?
6. Tom and Mike’s bedroom very small.
7. All the students know Paris the capital of France.
8. The books of his uncle’s a bit expensive.
9. Tom’s grandparents teachers.
10. The trousers on the chair Mr Brown’s.
11. This pair of glasses too big for me.
12. That beautiful clothes my sister’s.
初中英语语法知识—名词的技巧及练习题含答案(4)
一、选择题 1．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish the English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．________wild animals are disappearing because of the ________of their living areas. A．The number of; lost B．The number of; losing C．A number of; lose D．A number of; loss 4．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 5．---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing? --- It’s less than three ___________ flight. A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’s C．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’ 6．Those _________ plans for the holiday sound great. How about ________? A．girl’s ; yours B．girls’; you C．girls ; your D．girls’; yours 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 8．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A．sport B．music C．sports D．swimming 9．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 10．—It’s convenient(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 11．Thanks for the two _______________you gave（给）to me. A．tape player B．tapes players C．tape players D．taper players 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an
初中英语语法专题专讲--反义疑问句讲解及练习1含答案
反义疑问句 【反义疑问句】 （一）概念：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。 （二）基本用法要点注意： 1、反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是：“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”。 2、简略问句如果是否定式：not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。 3、简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词。 4、陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句。 （三）特殊用法： 1) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there。 There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? There will not be any trouble, will there? 2）must be 表示“推测”时，疑问部分用isn’t/aren’t+主语(人称代词)，不可用“mustn’t”: The bag must be yours, isn’t it? You must be hungry, aren’t you? must 表示“必须”时，疑问部分用needn’t: I must finish my homework today, needn’t I? Mustn’t表示“禁止”时，疑问部分用must. You mustn’t play football in the street, must you? 3) a.陈述部分有have/has/had to +v.表“不得不”时，疑问部分常用don't/doesn’t/didn’t +主语。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? b.陈述部分have “有”时，疑问句尾可用have，也可用do: She has a new pen, hasn’t/doesn’t she? c. Have表示“吃，喝，玩，度过”等时，疑问句尾用do. They had noodles for lunch, didn’t they? d. Had better 用在陈述部分时，疑问部分用had. You had better finish your homework on time, hadn’t you? e. Have用在完成时中，疑问部分动词用have: She has gone to Beijing with her mother, hasn’t she? 4) 陈述部分I am时，疑问部分要用aren't I. I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?（我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？） 5) 陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。如：The old man made no answer, did he? Jim is never late for school, is he? 6) 当陈述部分有否定词缀时，疑问尾句仍用否定意义： The man was very unhappy, wasn’t he? The girl is too careless, isn’t she? 7) think/believe/guss/suppose+宾语从句： a.主语是第一人称.注意陈述句的否定转移，且动词和主语与从句保持一致。
初中英语语法专项练习——名词
初中英语语法专项习题1-名词 01 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake 02 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe 03 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using 04 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes 05 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave 06 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear 07 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 08 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories 09 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice
初中英语语法专项习题-名词(附答案)
初中英语语法专项习题-名词 1. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She_____in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear
( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3. ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges
初中英语语法 定语从句 专题讲解 (含教案设计及练习题)
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初中英语语法专题四 第二讲 限定词与冠词 (word版 含答案)
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初中英语语法名词选择填空专项练习含答案
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推荐初中英语语法专题讲座—情态动词(含练习及答案)
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初中英语语法---代词专题(含练习)
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