初中英语语法-非谓语动词
非谓语动词
一.定义：非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，即动词的非谓语形式。约占中考10%。
二.分类：动词不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词。
1.动词不定式
1)构成：(not) to do / (not) do
2)句法功能：
（1）作主语：
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，
例如上面两句可用如下形式：
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。
常用句式：It+be+名词+to do sth.
It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.
It+be+形容词+of /forsb +to do sth.
常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise,等
表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。
区别：当使用for时，句中形容词修饰的是不定式；
It’s necessary for you to study hard .
（necessary 修饰to study hard，表示学习努力是有必要的）
而用of时，句中形容词修饰逻辑主语。
It’s fo olish of him to do it .（foolish 修饰逻辑主语him）（2）作表语：
Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。
seem作连系动词，其后的to be 不定式可省。
She seems to be ill today.= She seems ill.= It seems that she is ill.
（3）作宾语：
常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend,
refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer,
I hope to get good grades. I want to help you.
注意：
①如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）
后置，放在宾语补足语后面。
I found it difficult to learn math well.
②动词不定式也可充当介词宾语。
I have no choice but to stay here. 我只能留在这里，别无选择。
He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
他上周日除了修他的自行车什么也没干。
③动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用。
He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些学英语的建议。
（4）作宾语补足语：
在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：
want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to,
I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road.
（5）作定语：
动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。
He found a good house to live in.
（6）作状语：
①表目的：
He worked day and night to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链。
②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果意料之外)，常位于句尾。
He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了，只见火车已经走了。
I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他，只见他出去了。
③表原因：hey were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。
④表程度：
It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了，我们什么也看不见。
⑤表条件：不定式表条件常位于句首。
To be heated，liquid will change into gas.如果受热，液体就会变成气体。
⑥表方式:不定式可接在as if / as though之后
He moved his mouth as if to say something. 他嘴唇动了动，好像要说什么事。（7）不定式做独立成分
To tell you the truth, I don’t like it. 告诉你实话，我不喜欢它。
（8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。
If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. 如果你不想做这件事，你就不必做。（9）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他希望学医并成为医生。2.v-ing形式
1）分类：v-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词，
2）句法功能：
（1）作主语：
Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
（2）作表语：
In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。
（3）作宾语：
They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse, delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, pay attention to, insist on,
（4）作定语：
Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？
3.过去分词
1）构成：-ed
2）句法功能：
（1）做定语
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.
上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
（2）做宾语补足语
I heard the song sung several times last week.
上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
（3）做表语
They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
注意：1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别
1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）
forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）
2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在做的事
3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾
regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔
5）try to do尽全力，努力做某事
try doing尝试做某事
6) mean to do打算，有意要…
mean doing意味着
7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情）
go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）
8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）
proposing doing建议（做某事）
9) learn to do … 学着去做某事
learn doing … 学会做某事
10)can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事
11)used to do … 过去做某事
be used to doing … 习惯做某事
12）e /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念
（注)如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。
I should like to see him tomorrow．
13）need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义；The room needs cleaning.
+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。
2.常考句式：
1）see/watch/notice/hear/find sb. doing sth. 强调动作正在进行
see/watch/notice/hear/find sb. to do sth. 强调动作发生的事实
2) keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事
3）finish doing sth. 做完某事
4）spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事
5）have difficulty/trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难
6）how/what about doing sth? 做某事怎么样？（提建议）
【模拟题】
一．根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Is it necessary ____________(learn) a foreign language?
2. He is good at _____________(swim).
3. Do you have anything ____________(say) for yourself?
4. It’s spring now. it’s time _____________(plant) tre es.
5. Don’t keep me _______(wait) for a long time.
6. The policeman told the boys not ____________(play) in the street.
7. Her son is too young __________(dress) himself.
8. Let’s __________(have) a rest, shall we?
9. The speaker spoke too quickly for us ____________(understand).
10. The little boy is not old enough________(read).
11. I asked him __________(show) me his new pen.
12. Knives are used for ______________(cut) things.
13. I really don’t know what __________(do) next.
14. I often hear people _________(say) “__________(see) is____________(believe)”.
15. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.
16. They said they had nothing _________(worry) about.
17. Can you finish ___________(read) the book in three days?
18. The doctor was busy ____________(operate) on the boy at that time.
19. ______(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him.
20. Stop ___________(talk) and listen to me carefully.
21. Thank you very much for ____________(help) us.
22. Granny is very ill and she doesn’t feel like ___________(eat) anything.
23. Would you like __________(climb) the mountain with me?
24. The girl enjoys ___________(listen) to light music.
25.We couldn’t help ________(laugh) after we heard the funny story.
26. What about _________(go) out for a walk?
II．选择填空。
1.Would you please ____ the door for me?
A. holding
B. not to hold
C. hold D held
2.Seeing an old man getting off the train, she hurried over ____ things for him.
A. carrying
B. to carry
C. carried
D. for carrying
3.We’d really like you ____ to the party tonight.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d815920929.html,e
B. to come
C. will come
D. should come
4.We can do nothing but ____ the experiment.
A.to repeat B repeat C. repeating D. repeated
5.Have you got any thing ____ about this matter?
A. saying
B. to say C said D. say
6.He was not ____ try it again.
A. such a fool as to
B. so a fool as to
C. a fool such as to
D. a fool so as to
7.He was too excited ____.
A. to go to sleeping
B. to slept
C. to go to sleep
D. going to sleep
8.We can’t have him ____ like that all day.
A.to work
B. working
C. to be worked
D. work
9.She were often heard ____ this song when she was happy.
A. sang B singing C. sung D. to be singing
10.The train was seen ____ at a very high speed toward the industrial center.
A.travel
B. travels
C. traveled
D. traveling
11..We’ll soon have a person ____ with us.
A. to work
B. working
C. worked D works
12.____ has not been decided yet.
ATo start when B. Why to start C. When to start D. Start to where
13. Do you think it difficult ____?
A. for me to do so
B. for my to do so
C. for I to do so
D. for me doing so
14. She keeps telling us ____.
A. what to do
B. doing what
C. what is doing
D. do what
15. ____ is not known.
A. Whom to begin the running test
B. When to begin the running test
C. When the running test begin
D. How begin to the running test
16. ____ the job alone is impossible.
A.To him to do
B. For him doing C For him to do D. For he to do
17. ____ it should be made clear.
A What to do B. Why to do C Whom to do D When can do
18.Our house needs ____ before the rainy season arrives.
A. to repair
B. to be repair
C. repaired
D. repairing
19.I haven’t decided which hotel ____.
A. to stay
B. is to stay at
C. to stay at
D. is for staying
20.I was almost asleep when I heard someone ____ at the door.
A. knock B to knock C. knocked D. being knocked
21.I often spent much money ____ books.
A. to buy
B. buying
C. on buying D for buying
22.If you practice ____ English whenever you can, you will soon speak well.
A. talking
B. going speak C speaking D to speak
23.We are tired of ____ the same problem all the time.
A discussing B. to discuss C. discussing for D. discuss
24.She usually forgets ____ the door, but she remembered ____ it yesterday.
A to shut…to shut B. shutting…shutting C. to shut…shutting D. shutting…to shut
25.I ____ a bus to school when it was raining.
Aam used to take B. used to taking C. use to take D was used to taking
26. I’m thirsty. Will you get me something ____?
A. drink
B. to drink
C. eat
D. eating
27. It was great fun _____ a picnic on the hill.
A. to have
B. of having
C. have
D. had
28. Lily, keep the window ____. T he sandstorm hasn’t stopped yet.
A. close
B. closed
C. open
D. opened
29. A policeman saw two thieves ___ a girl’s mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.
A. to steal
B. stealing
C. stole
D. stolen
30. It’s bad for your eyes ____ computer games for a long time.
A. plays
B. to play
C. play
D. played
31. They were made ____ fourteen hours a day.
A. work
B. working
C. worked
D. to work
32. Is it always easier ____ friends than to keep them?
A. making
B. make
C. to make
D. made
33. He stood there for two hours ____ the game.
A. watched
B. watching
C. is watching
D. was watching
34. It ____ Jack twenty minutes ____ the math problem yesterday.
A. took; to work out
B. takes; worked out
C. has taken; work out
D. is taking; working out
35. When you leave, don’t forget ____ off the light.
A. to turn
B. turning
C. turn
D. turned
36. Who do you think you’d like ____?
A. to make friends
B. make friends
C. to make friends with
D. make friends with
37. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries ____ it too often.
A. to eat
B. not eat
C. to not eat
D. not to eat
38. ----Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?
----This Sunday? I am sorry, I have a lot of homework ____ this Sunday.
A. to do
B. done
C. do
D. to be done
39. Sally had no pen ____ yesterday morning.
A. to write
B. to write with
C. writing
D. writing with
40. ----Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall “NO ____”.
----Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll never do it again.
A. PARKED
B. SMOKE
C. SPITTING
D. SMOKED
41. ----Boys and girls, will you please ____ the park this afternoon? ----OK.
A. not cleaning out
B. not to clean out
C. to clean up
D. clean up
42. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from ____ the earth away.
A. blow
B. blowing
C. blew
D. to blow
43. How about ____?
A. to go out for a walk
B. go swimming in the river
C. visiting the sick children in the hospital
D. to having lunch in the restaurant
44. It’s ve ry kind ____ you to ____ me ____ the heavy bag.
A. for; tell; to take
B. of; thank; for
C. to; speak; to have
D. of; help; carry
45. Have you decided ____?
A. to go with whom
B. whom to go with
C. whom go with
D. with whom to go
46. Her hope ____ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. to win
B. is to win
C. winning
D. will win
47. The meeting room is big enough ____ one hundred people.
A. holding
B. hold
C. to hold
D. holds
48. Would you please pass me the knife ____?
A. to cut the watermelon with
B. to cut the watermelon
C. cutting the watermelon
D. cutting the watermelon with
49. It is better to teach a man to fish than ____ him fish.
A. giving
B. to give
C. gives
D. gave
50. Jenny is interested in ____ in her free time.
A. listened to the radio
B. reading magazines
C. watch TV
D. plays tennis
51. The policeman warned the young man____ after drinking.
A. never to drive
B. to never drive
C. never driving
D. never drive
52. What do you think is the best way ____the wild animals?
A. protecting
B. to protect
C. protected
D. protect
53. I’d rather ____ on the land ____ in a factory.
A. work; than work
B. work; work
C. to work; than to work
D. to work; to work
54. They are looking forward to ____ all over the world.
A. travel
B. traveled
C. traveling
D. be traveled
55. Would you mind ____ because there’re so many children ____ here?
A. smoke; play
B. smoking; playing
C. not smoking; play
D. not smoking; playing
56. ____ English is much easier than speaking it.
A. Read
B. To read
C. Reading
D. Reads
57. When he was in the office, he preferred ____ something ____ nothing.
A. to do; than do
B. to do; rather than
C. doing; rather than doing
D. doing; to doing
58. It’s too hot today. Why not ____ your coat?
A. taken off
B. to take off
C. take off
D. taking off
59. I find ____ him all about it.
A. necessary to tell
B. that necessary to
C. necessary it to tell
D. it necessary to tell
60. You’d better not spend more time _______ computer games.
A. for playing
B. in playing
C. to play
D. plays
61. The boy was made _______ there for an hour by his father.
A. standing
B. stand
C. to stand
D. stands
62. I must have my TV set _______. Something is wrong with it.
A. to repair
B. repairs
C. repaired
D. repairing
63. Would you please pass me the knife _______?
A. to cut the fruit with
B. to cut the fruit
C. cutting the fruit
D. cutting the fruit with
64. It is better to teach a man fishing than _______ him fish.
A. giving
B. to give
C. gives
D. give
65. My sister is interested in _______ in her free time.
A. watch TV
B. reading books
C. listening music
D. plays basketball
66. I have caught a cold and I don’t feel like _______ anything.
A. to eat
B. eating
C. ate
D. eats
67. --- Mother is good at _______ cakes. --- So she is.
A. to make
B. making
C. make
D. makes
68. I saw him _______ into the small store.
A. went
B. going
C. to go
D. has gone
( )69. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room ______ him clearly.
A. hear
B. to hear
C. hearing
D. heard
( )70. I didn’t go to the park yesterday because my mother asked me _______ my sister at home.
A. to look at
B. to look for
C. to look after
D. look like
初中英语语法大全
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形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange （×）→ a new orange （○） 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk （×）→ an old desk （○） 一张旧课桌 关键字：初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前，如a book，a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前，如an egg，an apple。 注意 有时a，an后面紧接的不是单数名词，而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时，要看形容词开头字母的发音，而不是看名词。 2.复数
初中英语语法知识梳理-动词
初中英语语法知识梳理－动词 动词是表示动作（study, find, swim 等）或状态（be, like, feel 等）的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。 一）助动词 助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall 等。具体用法如下： 1、助动词be的用法如下： 1）构成各种进行时态。如： It was raining all day yesterday. 昨天整天下雨。 2）构成被动语态。如： The meeting was held yesterday afternoon. 会议是昨天下午举行的。 3）与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如： They are to see an English film this evening. 他们今天晚上看英语电影。 2、助动词do的用法如下： 1）构成疑问式或否定式。如： Does he think so? I didn’t say anything about the result. 2)在动词前加上do, does, did表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。如： They do study hard. She does love him. He did want to help the old man. 3、have: 助动词have 的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如： He has lived here for three years. As soon as the sun had set they returned. 4、shall, should: 助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态；助动词should 是shall的过去式，构成过去将来时。如：I shall send ten letters to my good friend. She wanted to know if I should go to the palace. 二）情态动词 情态动词本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, need, should等。 表示能力 表示能力一般用can, could。如：Rose can speak now, but she couldn’t a week ago. be able to 也表示能力，它和can 的区别如下：
初中英语语法知识点总结
英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
初中英语语法总结(完整)
英语时态讲解 【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下 英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 H e usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class.
我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。
初中英语语法知识—动词的分类汇编含答案
一、选择题 1．When did your father your mother? A．marry B．marry to C．marry with D．get married 2．—________ Mary________ fruit? —Of course. A．Is; like B．Does; likes C．Does; like D．Do; likes 3．Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some? A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．feels 4．A group of little ducks __________ their mother into the river and swim away. A．follow B．miss C．help D．cross 5．Our school basketball team ________ in the final of the basketball competition. Another team from No.5 Middle School ________ doing very well too. A．is; isn’t B．are; aren’t C．is; are D．are; is 6．—What will the weather _______tomorrow? — It is going to_______ . A．be like; rainy B．be like; rain C．like; rain D．like; rainy 7．—How much ________ this pair of shoes? —Five dollars. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A．buys B．looks C．finds 9．—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day. A．Stop; having B．Stop; have C．To stop; have. D．To stop; to have 10．—Do you know whom they will have ________the parts of car together?—Sorry,I have no idea. A．fix B．fixed C．to fix D．fixing 11．Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______. A．is; her B．are; them C．are; her D．is; them 12．Many students are so crazy about mobile games that they lose interest in their schoolwork, which _________ their parents and teachers a lot. A．worries about B．is worried about C．worries D．is worried 13．Their eyes __________blue, but ours_________black. A．are; are B．is; are C．are; is . D．are; is 14．— Tom in the library? —Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too. A．Is;are B．Is;is C．Are;is 15．—Who are you _______? — My mother.
初中英语语法 知识点(全)
七年级（上） 1.family name = last name 姓first name = given name 名字 2. 用某种语言用介词in （如in English） 3. 电话用语中this that 回答 “Is that Mr.H” “Yes，it is” 4.hat 有边沿的帽子cap 有帽舌的帽子 5.名词的复数形式：①一般+s ②s,x,ch,sh,结尾的+es ③辅音字母+y 去y为I，+es ④o结尾，除了negro hero tomato potato +es，其余+s ⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢You are welcome = That’s all right =That’s OK = Not at all = It’s my pleasure. 7.Here you are = Here it is = It is here 倒装句here +be +名词here +代词+be 8.in 年月季节on 日星期几节日at 钟点 9.join 参加加入（团体组织）take part in 参加（活动） 10. be busy doing 11.be strict with sb be strict in sth 12.bring+人或物+to +地点把…带到某地 bring+人或物+for+人给某人带来… 13. start doing start +名词 start to do的情况：主语是物不是人;start本身为starting时;其后的动词与想法感情有关14.what time is it？=what’s time？询问钟点回答：It is….（一律） 单词：trumpet喇叭racket（网球羽毛球）球拍plural复数，复数形式，复数的ninth第九furniture家具February二月eraser橡皮擦dresser梳妆台 drum鼓documentary纪录片description描述broccoli花椰菜biology生物学 comedy喜剧singular单数plural复数 七年级（下） 1.hear from sb. 收到…的来信 2.be friendly to 对…友好 3.another 另一，再一 other 其他的，别的（无范围）+名词（复数） the other 两个中的另一个（通常搭配one…the other…） others 其他的人或物（代词） the others 多个中的剩余几个（不加名词，通常搭配some….the others…） 4.what+be+主语?=what do/does+主语+do？询问职业 5.be surprised + at sth./to do sth./句子 6.in the corner 屋里某个角落 on the corner = at the corner 街头某个拐角处 7.every day 每天（状语）everyday 日常每天的adj.+ n.. 8. in the tree 在树上（非树本身的一部分）on the tree 在树上（树上的一部分） 9.in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院工作 10. agree with sb agree to sth 答应agree on/upon/about 达成一致意见 11.tell…from…把…与…区别开来
2018初中英语语法之名词的动词意义和用法
2018初中英语语法之名词的动词意义和用法各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始，中考网为各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考学科的知识点，主要是对初中三年各学科知识点的梳理和细化，帮助各位考生理清知识脉络，熟悉答题思路，希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩！下面是《2018初中英语语法之名词的动词意义和用法》，仅供参考！ble, ice, duck, flag... 这些简单的英语单词，它们的名词意义就算对初学英语者来说也一定是小菜一碟，但老外经常把它们当做动词用，它们的动词意义和用法你知道吗？ 1. table：名词，桌子；当动词用，是指开会时延期讨论提案等，也就是暂缓审议。 We are tabling this matter until
further notice. 2. pride：名词，荣誉；当动词用，是指感到得意或自豪。例如： We prided ourselves on our good work. I have long prided myself on being a good teacher. 注意：to pride oneself on和to be proud of 或to take pride in 意思相近，只是用法和后面所跟的介词不同而已。例如： They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. I am very proud of being a Chinese. 3. carpet：名词，地毯；当动词用，是覆盖的意思。例如： The flower girls carpeted the floor with rose petals before the bride’s entrance. During the winter time my roof is carpeted with white snow. 4. floor：名词，地板；当动词用，
初中英语语法总结(完整)
初中英语语法总结(完整) 【注】 构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下一般完成进行完成进行现在现在一般时do现在完成时have done现在进行时is doing现在完成进行时have been doing过去过去一般时did过去完成时had done过去进行时was doing过去完成进行时had been doing将来将来一般时will do将来完成时will have done将来进行时will be doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来过去将来一般时would do过去将来完成时would have done过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成进行时would have been doing英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。 要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。
1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。H e usually goes to work at7 o’clock every morning、他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。W e are having English class、我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。T hey have lived in Beijing for five years、他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4、一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot、他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5、过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。B eijing was hosting the29th Olympic Games in August全文结束》》、在xx年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。
最新初中英语语法知识—动词的真题汇编(1)
一、选择题 1．Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______. A．is; her B．are; them C．are; her D．is; them 2．—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? —No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking. A．does B．do C．is D．are 3．Colours can change our moods and make us happy or sad . A．feel B．to feel C．felt D．feeling 4．The strawberries delicious. You can have a try. A．eat B．drink C．taste D．sound 5．The teacher's smile made me ________ better. A．feel B．to feel C．feeling D．felt 6．—How much ________ this pair of shoes? —Five dollars. A．am B．is C．are D．be 7．—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A．buys B．looks C．finds 8．This is a photo of my grandpa. He young A．looks B．feels C．sounds D．hears 9．Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair. A．like both B．both are like C．both like D．are both like 10．The shopping mall near our school _________ for 12 hours a day. It _________ at 9:00 p.m.. A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is closed D．is open; closes 11．Amy and her best friend often________books together. A．read B．reads C．look D．looks 12．In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A．to cry; to cry B．cry; cry C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 13．What a beautiful song! It ___________so sweet. A．feels B．sounds C．tastes D．smells 14．2019 has come. I hope everyone can make his dream ________. A．came true B．come true C．comes true D．coming true 15．I don't have a Ping-Pong ball, _______ my brother _______. A．but; do B．and; does C．and;do D．but; does 16．Tom and Jim __________ in Class 3. A．is B．be C．am D．are
初中英语语法动词一教案
第8单元动词(一) （一）动词的种类 动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词， 助动词和情态动词。 1．行为动词 行为动词可分为及物动词(vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作 谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。 『例』 Thestudentsarelisteningtotheteachercarefully.(vi) 2．连系动词 连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连 系动词有be,get,turn,become,look,feel,grow,seem,sound,taste,smell等。 『例』 3．助动词 助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定， 疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征，助动词有be,do,have,shall,will等。『例』 Thechildrenareplayingyo- 4．情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语， 表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有can (could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare等。 『例』CanIhelpyou? -Mustwegonow? –No,youneedn’t. a.can与beableto的用法有所区别。can只用于一般现在时和过去时，指本身有能力的“能”；beableto用于各种时态均可，指须经过努力而“能”。 b.must与have/hasto的用法。must表示说话人主观认为“必须”，只用于一般现在时和一般将来时；have/hasto表示客观需要，意为“不得不”，它可用于各种时态。 c．need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。 （二）动词不定式 动词不定式todo没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语，但可以和助动词或情态动词构成谓语，又可以在句子中作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、主语、表语等。但 它毕竟是动词，因此，具有动词的许多特点，如它可以有自己的宾语或状语构成不定式 短语。 1．作主语： 『例』 但实际上不定式作主语常用it来作形式主语，而将不定式移至谓语动词后作真正的主语。
初中英语语法知识难点整理(精品)
初中英语语法知识难点整理 英语语法知识难点（一） （一）形容词和副词 I．要点 A．形容词 1、形容词的用法 形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：He is honest and hardworking. I found the book interesting. 某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如： The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city. The English like to be with their families. 多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序： 冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态（描述性）+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers. 2、形容词比较等级的形式 （1）规则形式 一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如： great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)most important （2）不规则形式 good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-most little-less-least （3）形容词比较等级的用法 ①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than. 如： He is cleverer than the other boys. This one is more beautiful than that one. ②表示两者以上的比较，用"the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of(in) …"如： He is the cleverest boy in his class. ③表示两者是同等程度，用"as +形容词原级+as". 如： He is as tall as I. I have as many books as you. ④越… 越… 例如：The more I learn, the happier I am. ⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好 又如：You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。 ⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day. 那一天是最令我担心的一天。 I have never had a better dinner.
初中英语语法大全汇总
初中英语语法大全汇总 （一） 一.词类(Parts of Speech) 名词英文名称The Noun(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词boy,clock,book等 冠词英文名称The Article(缩写为art.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。例词a(an),the 代词英文名称The Pronoun(缩写为pron) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词we,that,his,what 形容词英文名称The Adjective(缩写为adj.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 例词old,red,fine,good. 数词英文名称The Numeral(缩写为num.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词one,thirteen first 动词英文名称The Verb(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词sit,go,be(am,is,are) 副词英文名称The Adverb(缩写为adv.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词not too,here,very 介词英文单词The Preposition(缩写为prep.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例词in,on,of,to,under. 连词英文单词The Conjunction(缩写为conj.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词and,or,but. 感叹词英文单词The Interjection(缩写为interj.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词oh,hello,hi,er. 二.名词(Nouns) 1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。 专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。 Lucy China 中国Asia 亚洲Beijing 北京。 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: teacher 老师tea 茶reform 改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们family 家庭army 军队government 政府group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词(Countable Nouns)有复数形式,如: an apple two apples a car some cars 不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)一般没有复数形式. 抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。 sand 沙sugar 糖 有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。 glass 玻璃glass 玻璃杯paper 纸paper 报纸,文件 名词的功能 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。 The bag is in the desk. bag 作主语。 书包在桌子里边。 I washed my clothes yesterday. clothes 作宾语。 昨天我洗了我的衣服。
(完整版)初中英语语法大全：动词的概述
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最新初中英语语法知识—动词的全集汇编
一、选择题 1．—Would you like to try some pizza? —Yes, please. It lovely and nice. A．sounds, sees B．looks, smells C．hears, turns D．sounds, watches 2．In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A．to cry; to cry B．cry; cry C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 3．These chicken wings taste ________. I want more. A．well B．wonderfully C．nice D．bad 4．Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life. A．to live B．can live C．living D．should live 5．The teacher's smile made me ________ better. A．feel B．to feel C．feeling D．felt 6．—Listen! I can hear someone __________ for help. —Is there __________? A．calling; anything wrong B．call; anything wrong C．calling; wrong anything D．call; wrong anything 7．—_______everyone get tired today? —Yes, we_______very tired the whole afternoon. A．Does; are all B．Do; are all C．Does; all are D．Is; all are 8．The library ______ from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays. But it______ at 5 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays. A．is open; closes B．opens; closed C．is opened; closes D．is opening; is closed 9．Which of the following sentences is right? A．My books on the desk B．Nice meet you, too C．These are my dictionaries D．Thanks you for your help. 10．—When you free last week? — Well, I have a free day because there was too much work. A．did; didn’t B．were; didn’t C．were; wasn’t D．did; wasn’t 11．The shopping mall near our school _________ for 12 hours a day. It _________ at 9:00 p.m.. A．opens; closes B．opens; is closed C．is open; is closed D．is open; closes 12．Hard work can bring you , but if you are lazy, you won’t become . A．success; success B．successful; success C．success; successful D．successful; succeed 13．—Where_______you come from? —I______from Japan A．are; am B．are; come C．do; come