美国小学三年级英语单词词库

CVCe Sorts Across Vowels

Generalization:

A consonant vowel plus silent –e makes the vowel long.

long a long i long o long u

cave wide more cute gave side home mute made fine zone flute make time ozone chute take line hose tube came like stole tune same tribe code dune flame prize erode rude plane guide stole dude crane slide drove crude range glide wrote rule space crime quote huge stage chime stone fume shade prime phone prune trade smile throne reduce grade while close produce plate spike chose salute state spice those pollute skate twice froze compute place slice broke tribute chase quite choke substitute grape write stroke molecule scale stripe spoke include

what strike attitude

graze awhile whole

change decide artichoke

phase inside casserole

donate beside cyclone

inhale outside telephone

exhale supervise

arcade describe

decade dislike

parade polite

rampage wildlife

teenage sometimes

CVVC (long a, e, o, u)

Generalization:

Two vowels together (CVVC) make long a, long e, long o, and long u sounds.

long a long e long o long u

wait read road due rain neat roam blue pain near loan suit plain meat loaf fruit trail heed moat juice nail team soap pursuit brain meet boat recruit chain mean coal persue braid meal goat bruise train reak moan

snail deal float

strain clean toast

faith reach roast

waist really groan

claim beach coast

praise steam throat

sailor stream coach

trailer peach boast

raider peace coax

traitor speak loaves straight sweet

mermaid queen

thumbnail heater

leaning

speech

preach

teacher

retreat

greeting

cheating

squeeze

Other Long Vowel Combinations (long a, e, i)

Generalization:

There are other vowel combinations which create the long a, long e, and long i vowel

sounds.

long a long e long i

day she shy

play grief fly

clay brief dry

stay thief pie

sway chief eye

they field bye

obey piece mind

vein niece blind

eight shriek wild

weigh believe child

weight mild

sleigh sigh

decay sight

always light

astray flight

portray bright birthday might

highway climb yesterday tonight

hindsight horrify multiply

More Long Vowel Combinations ( long o long u )

Generalization:

There are several other vowel combinations which create the long o and long u vowel sounds.

long o long u

cold too

gold two

scold you

most flu

post due

host few

ghost dew

blow crew

snow flew

grow knew

throw grew

know blew

elbow screw

stroll shrew flown blue unknown true

potato food marigold mood meadow pool

although proof

soup

noose bruise cruise gloom poodle rooster pursue pontoon through crucial

R Influenced Vowels

Generalization:

An r following a vowel changes the sound of that vowel. This is called an r-controlled vowel. The / er / sound can be produced by ar, er, and or.

/ ar / sound / er / sound / or / sound

bar her for car bird fort far dirt fork jar girl cork park fur form part sir corn farm stir horn hard slur torn card spur born yard fern storm star burn porch scar worm short yarn jerk sport barn herd north dark blur torch start first forty spark shirt horse shark skirt glory march world thorn marsh third sword artist circle forest target dirty forget carpet church acorn discard turtle hornet harden return absorb marble sister boring cargo termite distort garlic disturb escort farther purple export garden burden memory garment birthday morning harvest thirsty platform scarlet further uniform darling furnish history

The /aw/ sound

Generalization:

The following letter combinations produce the /aw/ sound: -al-, -aw-, -au-, -ou-.

-al- -aw- -au- -ou-

all law haul cough call raw fault trough ball jaw vault ought fall saw pause fought hall paw cause bought mall awe sauce sought tall awl haunt thought wall caw fraud

walk draw taught

talk bawl caught

stalk crawl launch

chalk thaw faucet

salt flaw laundry

bald dawn daughter

stall fawn cauldron

small yawn

false lawn

wallet hawk

always awful

drawer

Frequently Misspelled Words

Generalization:

am here party guess

to said what

himself

myself it down

upon

of very lovely someone

sometime and want getting

anyone for then might

you than grown mother was them right other

off there heard another now they pretty anyway

often

his your really

how you’re until morning

similar too once coming

between two begin around

like didn’t before different one better across favorite our letter again important buy bear above happily

problem into break always

probably

study

its clean

suppose it’s color school

can’t earth tried sentence don’t found where instead also could would started

a lot going scared brought

from great whole caught goes early write tonight eyes know truly believe

cousin girl knew finally

have house radio swimming sure cattle wrong enough some learn people happened here forgot family usually said today everyone

weird Christmas Saturday Halloween

Base Words with –ed / -ing

Generalization:

Base words add –ed to make the word past tense and –ing to form the present participle.

Base Word Base Word + -ed Base Word + -ing

jump jumped jumping plant planted planting melt melted melting burn burned burning pass passed passing crack cracked cracking cheer cheered cheering brush brushed brushing dress dressed dressing foam foamed foaming wait waited waiting reach reached reaching drown drowned drowning stretch stretched stretching climb climbed climbing turn turned turning

Words with -ed

Generalization:

When the past tense suffix –ed is attached to a verb it can have 3 different sounds: /t/,

/ed/, or /d/.

-ed /t/ -ed /ed/ -ed /d/

asked acted billed

mixed lifted filmed walked ended pulled

fished lasted filled

helped listed played

locked sifted yelled camped rented mailed

ducked rusted sailed dumped sanded spelled

gulped tested willed

kicked hinted yelled

limped landed spilled packed handed chilled

picked needed drilled

rushed funded grilled jumped melted boiled

tricked nested raised bumped dusted tried

kissed mended bugged missed waited grinned hissed dotted shelled passed traded smelled checked blasted swelled chased drifted thrilled cracked planted seemed trapped printed covered sopped twisted grabbed fussed patted enjoyed shocked treated turned

learned happened

Generalization:

A closed one-syllable word doubles the final consonant when –ed is added. When a word

ends in silent –e, the –e is dropped and –ed is added. A word ending in 2 consonants

(CVCC) or 2 vowels and a consonant (CVVC) adds –ed.

Double Consonant

+ -ed CVCe drop –e

and add -ed CVVC + -ed CVVC + -ed

batted hoped turned fooled hopped moved pushed cheered begged waved jumped needed popped cared wanted flooded hugged wasted fished floated

kidded sliced helped moaned petted smiled rushed poured rapped shined tested shouted wagged skated bumped rained shopped pounded waited bragged munched mailed stopped crushed nailed chopped climbed sailed

skipped

screamed trimmed

dragged

clapped

dropped

grinned

planned

shipped

tripped

slammed

snapped

Generalization:

A closed one syllable word doubles the final consonant when –ing is added. A word that

ends in silent –e drops the –e to add –ing . A word ending in 2 consonants (CVCC) or 2

vowels and a consonant (CVVC) adds –ing.

Double Consonant CVCe drops CVCC + ing CVVC + ing

adds

&

-ing

+ing

-e

running hiding jumping raining

digging biting kicking boating winning hoping fishing waiting kidding riding helping fooling hugging diving testing pouring

batting sliding bumping meeting hopping caring finding needing popping moving wanting leaning

digging waving pushing mailing rapping driving rushing hailing begging wasting crushing sailing wagging shining printing moaning skipping slicing climbing floating clapping writing trusting sleeping stopping smiling standing flooding bragging wasting pounding shouting shopping whining munching cheering chopping living dreaming

screaming swimming

trimming

planning

shipping

spinning

tripping

snapping

grinning

dropping

quitting

slamming

Adding -ing to -k words

Generalization:

When a word ends in -ke, drop the -e and add -ing. When a word ends with a vowel +

-ck, in two vowels and a consonant (CVVC), or in two consonants (CVCC) -ing is added.

-ke -ck CVVC VCk

taking picking looking asking baking packing hooking marking waking locking cooking working making rocking seeing honking raking ducking leaking winking liking tacking soaking barking biking checking speaking bunking braking tricking breaking walking flaking blocking sneaking thanking shaking snacking creaking drinking smoking cracking croaking spending striking sticking squeaking cracking stroking plucking frisking quaking clucking shrinking wrecking

quacking

Homophone of the week: pair – pare Contraction of the week: what’s

Plural Words (-s and -es)

Generalization:

Some nouns are made plural by adding -s (including those ending in silent -e). Nouns ending in -s, -x, -ch, and -sh add -es.

-s -es

buses passes lips degrees

boxes crosses legs computers

foxes bosses words segments

hands dollars mixes peaches wants doctors gases beaches needs fractions

arches bonuses goods savings inches walruses locks staplers wishes guesses boats figures dishes radishes birds services

bushes

plants brushes

papers crashes

talks branches

cages porches

horses clothes

suits watches

prizes flashes

friends lunches

fences notches

houses dresses

grains hisses feelings classes

animals glasses

numbers kisses

Homophone of the week: bear – bare Contraction of the week: who’s

(who is, who has)

Plurals with words ending in -y

Generalization:

Nouns ending in a consonant +y change to -ies. Nouns ending in a vowel +y add -s.

Cy to -ies Vy add -s

flies toys cries boys fries days armies ways babies jays ponies joys bodies plays copies trays cities monkeys ladies donkeys parties turkeys daddies

stories bunnies

berries pennies

worries

guppies

hobbies

cherries

puppies

families

supplies

counties countries

fairies trophies

Changing -y to -i

Generalization:

If a word ends in a consonant followed by -y, change the -y to i before adding -es or -ed.

-es -ed

fries fried dries dried copies copied babies babied buries buried studies studied hurries hurried parties partied replies replied carries carried marries married readies readied empties emptied supplies supplied

Words with w-, wh-, and wr-

Generalization:

Words beginning with the w make the /w/ sound or the /r/ sound.

w- wh- wr-

way why wry went what wrap well when wren will where wrist wand while write want whim wrote work whip writer wind which written warm white wrong wire whine wreak with whale wrench wise wheel wrinkle wild whir wriggle wasp wheat wrapper wish whose wrangle were whole wrestle word whittle wreckage

wrought wait whistle

water whisper

wool whether

wart whenever

worry whimper

walk

winter

width

world

would

wound

wagon

window

wonder

without

woman

wooden

weather

Silent Letters (gh, gn, kn, mb)

Generalization:

Some words are spelled with silent consonants. When g precedes h, the h is silent. When g precedes n, the g is silent. When kn- is at the beginning of a word, the k is silent. When -mb is found at the end of a word, the b is silent.

gh gn kn- -mb

high sign knit comb sigh gnat knob lamb night gnaw knot limb might gnu knee bomb sight resign know tomb tight assign knew climb flight align kneel crumb ghost design knock crumble weigh gnash knife thumb weight gnarl knitted

sleigh known

ought knack dough knoll

knight kneed

tonight knapsack

bought knuckle

naughty knickers

thought knight

although knockout

bough knickknack

through knowledge

highway acknowledge

daughter

neighbor

throughout

thoroughly

Homophone of the week: grown – groan Contraction of the week: they’ve

Borrowed Sounds gh /f/, ph /f/

Generalization:

Some consonant combinations work together to take on a different phonetic sound. For

example, gh and ph can each work together to make the /f/ sound.

gh ph

rough phone

tough photo

cough graph

laugh phase

roughly phonics

enough gopher

slough trophy

laughed dolphin

laughter telephone

orphan

nephew

alphabet

paragraph

autograph

photograph

geography

sphere

physical

physician

pharmacy

apostrophe

photosynthesis

Hard and soft c & g

Generalization:

c an

d g ar

e hard before a, o, and u. they are soft before e, i, and y.

hard c hard g soft c soft g

cup gum cent gym corn gate cell gem call game city germ cave gave circle giant camp gold cycle gentle cart golf center ginger cage goat celery gypsy coin gain cedar general cold gush cease giraffe coat gulp cellar gelatin cost good cement

come garden central

came getting cereal

cook great certain

cute group ceiling

cuff ground

cider

camel circus

candy cinch

count cyst

coast census

comic cymbal

cousin cinder

candle citizen college cinema

canary cyclone

clothes cylinder

camera cinnamon

could

country

carefully

caught

Homophone of the week: your – you’re Contraction of the week: you’d

Complex Consonants (scr-, str-, shr-, spr-)

Generalization:

Three letter blends are made by letter sequences blended together.

ser- str- shr- spr-

scrap strip shrub spry

scram stroll shrug spray

scrub strict shred spring screw string shrink sprint scream straw shrank sprain scrunch stray shrunk sprig

script strike shrill spree scrape street shrew sprout scratch stroke shrimp spread screen strong shriek sprawl screech strain shrewd sprang scribble stream shrivel spruce scramble streak shrunken sprinkle scrupulous stretch sprinkler

stripe

sprightly

sprocket strand

strange

straight

struggle

stroller

straggler

strategy