专业英语词汇翻译复习过程
A spherical system of coordinates
球面坐标系统
Absolute scale绝对温标
Absolute temperature 绝对温度Absolute zero 绝对零度
Acute angle锐角
Adiabatic process绝热过程
Adjacent临近的
Amount of heat 热量
Amplitude振幅
Analytical expression解
Angular momentum角动量
Angular velocity角速度
Annihilate消灭
Appreciable可感知的
Approximate solution近似解
Arbitrarily任意的变换莫测的
Assume that 假设
At constant pressure定压比热
At rest静止的
Axial symmetry轴对称
Axis of rotation旋转轴
Be independent of 独立的
Be proportional to 与……成比例
Bend使弯曲的
Capacitor电容器
Center of mass质心
Centripetal force向心力
Cgs 厘米-克-秒(Centimeter-Gram-Second) Change in jumps 跳跃的变化
Chaotic无序的
Charge by conduct 负责的行为
Charge by induction 感应电荷Circulation motion圆周运动
Classical mechanics经典力学Coefficient系数
Coherent连贯的
Combustion engine内燃机Comparison 参照物
Compensate 补偿，抵消
Conductor导体
Consecutive 连贯的
Consequently结果，因此Conservation保存保护Considerable 相当大的
Constant常量
Constructive interference 干涉Coordinate system坐标系Coulomb’s law库伦定律
Counter-phase相位差
Cross-sectional 分类排列
Curl卷曲，
Curvilinear motion曲线运动Cyclic process循环过程Decrement衰减率
Denominator分母
Density密度
Derivative倒数
Destructive interference破坏性干扰Developing发展中
Deviation from脱离逸出Diatomic双原子的
Difference差异
Diffraction衍射
Dimension 维
Discrete value离散值Displacement位移
Distance 距离疏远
Distribution function分布函数Divergence 分歧
Dynamics动力学
Elastic collision弹性碰撞
Electric dipole弹性偶极子Electric field 弹性场
Electric potential 弹性势
Electric potential energy弹性势能Electrically polarized电极化的Electrodynamics电动力学Electromagnetic电磁的
Electron电子
Electrostatic静电的
Elementary mass元素的质量Embodiment体现具体化Emulsion感光乳剂
Energy能量精力
Energy level 能级
Entropy 熵
Equilibrium均衡
Equipartition principle均分原理
Ether乙醚
Exposure暴露
External force外力
Factor因素
First law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律Focal plane焦平面
Fraunhofer diffraction夫琅和费衍射
Free fall自由落体
Friction摩擦力
Gamma photon伽马射线
General theory relativity广义相对论Geometrical几何的
Gradient梯度
Gravity重力，地心引力
Grow proportionally to 正比增长Harmonic function调和函数
Harmonic oscillator谐波发射器
Heat 高温热度
Heat capacity 热熔
Heat engine热机
Heat transfer热传递
Hence因此
Histogram直方图
Hologram 全息图
Holography 全系摄影
Homogeneous(反应堆)燃烧和减速剂均匀调和的
Huygens’ Principle 惠更斯原理Hypothetical medium 假设介质
Ideal gass理想气体
Identical 同一的，完全相同的
Illuminate说明
Impart 给予
Impulse脉冲
Inalienable不可分割的
Incident light入射光
Inclination倾向爱好,斜角倾角Incoherent语无伦次的
Increase增加
Increment增量
Inertia惯性
Inertial reference frame惯性参考系Infrared radiation 红外线照射Initial moment 初力矩Instantaneous瞬间的
Insulator 绝缘体
Integral 完整的
Interference 干涉
Internal energy 内能
Internal force内力
Intra-molecular energy 分子内能Isotropic 单折射性，各向同性Kinematics运动学
Law of cosine law余弦定理
Length contraction长度收缩Macroscopic宏观的
Mass质量
Mass-energy conversion质能转换定理Mean distance 平均距离Mechanical equivalent of heat热功当量Mechanics力学
Molar heat gas capacity 摩尔热能Molecular physics分子物理学Momentum势能
Monatomic单原子的Monochromatic light单色光
Motion动作
Multiply多样的，乘
Neutron中子
Newton’s first law牛顿第一定律
Non-equilibrium state非平衡态Normal acceleration法向加速度Normal to 垂直于
Nuclei原子核
Nucleon 核子
Numerator 分子
Object beam 物体光束
Obtuse angle钝角
Operator话务员
Overlap 重叠
Polarization两极化
Parallel axis theorem平行轴的定理Parallel beams平行光束
Parallel rays平行光
Parallelogram method平行四边形法则Parameter of state状态参数Perfectly rigid body 完全刚体
Perpendicular垂直的
Phase difference相位差
Phenomena现象
Piston活塞
Point charge点电荷
Point particle质点
Power功率
Preference优先权
Principle of relativity相对论
Probability可能性
Probability distribution function概率分布函数
Projection 投射
Propagate传播繁殖
Proton质子
Pseudoscopic幻视镜
Quantitative conclusion定量的结论
Quasi-static 准静态的
Radian弧度
Radius半径
Rarefaction稀薄的
Real image实像
Rectilinear motion 直线运动Redistribution重新分配
Reference frame参考系
Reference wave参考波
Relative atomic mass of an element元素的相对原子质量
Relative molecular mass of substance物质相对分子质量
Relaxation process弛豫过程
Relaxation time 弛豫时间
Reversible process可逆过程
Rotational inertia转动惯量
Scalar标量
Scalar field标量场
Semiconductor半导体
Semitransparent 半透明的
Solid angle立体角
Spatial coherence 空间相干性
Special theory of relativity狭义相对论Specific heat capacity 比热容
Speed 速度速率
Stationary 固定的Subscript下标
Superpose 重叠的
Superposition叠加
Symmetry对称的
Temperature温度
Temporal coherence 时间相干性
Terminal velocity末速度
Test charge监测电荷
The difference on optical path 光路的区别The equation of state of an ideal gass理想盖斯方程
The magnitude of a vector向量的大小
The number of degree of freedom自由度数量
The reciprocal of 倒数
The refractive index折射率
The right-hand screw rule右手螺旋定则The second derivative of 二阶导数
The tangential acceleration切向加速度Thermodynamic temperature scale热力学温标
Three dimensional三维的
Time averaged value时间平均价值
Time dilation时间扩张
Timepiece计时器
Torque力矩
Torsion balance扭秤
Trajectory轨迹
Translation motion平移运动
Triatomic三原子的
Tuning fork音叉
Twin paradox孪生子谬论
Ultraviolet light紫外线
Undeformable body
Uniform circular motion匀速圆周运动
Unit time单位时间
Vector field 矢量场
Vectors矢量
Velocity 速率
Virtual image虚像
Wave length 波长
Wave number波数
Weight重量
1, For a stationary field, the work done on a particle by the forces of the field may depend on the initial and final position of the particle and not depend on the path along which the particle moved. Forces having such a property are called conservative.
对于一个固定的场，由场力作用在粒子上的功可能依赖于粒子的初始位置和末位置，而不依赖于粒子移动的路径.。具有这种性质的力称为保守力。
2, A combination of bodies that are stationary relative to one another with respect to which motion is being considered an a timepiece indicating the time forms a reference frame.
由运动上相对静止的物体所组成的复合体，外加显示时间的仪器，一起构成了参考系统。
3, The concepts of an equilibrium, state and a reversible process play a great part in thermodynamics. All the quantitative conclusions of thermodynamics are strictly applicable(适用) only to equilibrium states and reversible processes.
可逆过程和平衡过程是热力学里重要的部分，所有的热力学定量结论都严格适用于平衡态和可逆过程。
4, If a gas is in equilibrium, its molecules move absolutely without order, chaotically. All the directions of motion are equally probable, and none of them can be given preference over others.
如果气体处于平衡态，那么气体分子运动就没有规律，无序的，分子朝各个方向上的运动的概率相等，没有比其他的更具有优势。
5, Huygens’ principle: The theory by which light waves spreading out from a point source can be regarded as the superposition of tiny secondary wavelets.
惠更斯原理：点光源发出的光可以看成是次级微小光波的叠加。
6, If we imagine a separate isolated body in a space where no other bodies are present, then we can not speak of the motion of the body because there is nothing with respect to which the body could change its position.
如果我们假设一个物体所处的空间中没有其他物体，我们不能说明这个物体的运动形式，因为我们没有可以观测这个物体位置改变的参考物。
7, A combination of bodies that are stationary relative to one another with respect to which motion is being considered and a timepiece indicate the time forms a reference frame.
同2
8, Translational motion is defined as motion in which any straight line associated with the moving body remains parallel to itself .
平动可以定义为平动的物体上两点的连线在运动过程中保持平行。
9, Dynamics studies the motion of bodies with a view to what causes this motion to have the nature it does, i.e. with a view to the interactions between bodies.
动力学研究的是物体运动的原因，即物体之间的相互作用。
10, Vectors are defined as quantities characterized by a numerical value and a
direction and, also, as ones that are added according to the triangle or parallelogram method.
矢量具有大小和方向，而且还可以用矢量三角形和平行四边形法则合成。
11, We shall define internal forces as the forces with which given body is acted upon by the other bodies of the system and external forces as those produced by the action of bodies not belong to the system.
我们可以定义内力是由系统中其他物体产生的，外力是不属于系统的物体产生并导致物体运动的原因。
12, For a conservative force, the work done on a particle by the force may depend only on the initial and final positions of the particle and not on the path along which the particle moved,.
对于一个保守的力，力作用在粒子上的工作可能只依赖于粒子的初始位置和最终位置，而不依赖于粒子移动的路径.，
13, Conservative forces can be defined in two ways:(1)as forces whose work does not depend on the path along which a particle passes from one point to the another, and(2) as forces whose work along any closed path equals zero.
保守力具有两种性质：（1）保守力所做的功只与位置有关，与路径无关，（2）闭合路径的功为零。
14, We can thus use the function to determine the work done on a particle by conservative forces along any path
beginning at arbitrary point 1 and terminating at arbitrary point 2 .
我们可以用ep表示保守力对质点从任意点1到任意点2所做的功。
15, Assuming that the reference frame relative to which we are considering the complex motion of a rigid body is stationary, the motion of the body can be represented as rotation with the angular velocity in a reference frame moving translationally with the velocity relative to the stationary frame.
假设参考系相对我们要研究的刚体是静止的，那么物体的运动可以看成是以w为角速度的转动和以v为速度的平动。
16, All the quantitative conclusions of the thermodynamics are strictly applicable only to equilibrium states and reversible processes.
热力学中所有的定量结论都严格遵守平衡态和可逆过程。
17, The absolute temperature is proportional to the mean kinetic energy of translational motion of the molecules of a substance.
绝对温度与物质的平均平动动能成正比。18, The heat capacity of a body is defined as the quantity equal to the amount of heat that must be imparted to the body to raise its temperature by one Kelvin.
物体的热容为物体升高每开尔文所需要的热量。
19, Temperature: A measure of the average kinetic energy per molecule in a substance, measure in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit
or in Kelvin..
温度：分子平均动能的量度，单位为摄氏度，华氏度和开尔文。
20, Absolute zero: the lowest possible temperature that a substance may have- the temperature at which molecules of a substance have their minimum kinetic energy.
绝对零度：物体温度最低的可能值，此时，分子具有最小动能。
21, Multiplication theorem of probabilities: the probability of the simultaneous occurrence of statistically independent events equals the product of the probabilities of each of them occurring separately.
概率相乘定理：独立事件同时发生的概率等于每个事件单独发生概率的乘积。22, Entropy: a measure of the disorder of a system. Whenever energy freely transforms from one form to the another, the direction of transformation is toward a state of greater disorder and therefore toward one of greater entropy.
熵：系统的无序程度，能量总是向熵增加的方向进行转化。
23, By coherence is meant the coordinated proceeding of several oscillatory or wave processes.
相干性是振荡和波动过程的协调性。24, The superposition of waves producing
regions of reinforcement and regions of cancellation. Constructive interference refers to regions of reinforcement;
destructive interference refers to regions of cancellation.
光的叠加形成了加强区和减弱区，干涉相长形成加强区，干涉相消形成减弱区。
25, There is no appreciable physical difference between interference and diffraction.
Both phenomena consist in the redistribution of the light flux as a result of superposition of the waves.
干涉和衍射没有明显的区别，两者都包含光通量的重新分配和两者都是光的叠加引起的。
26, Like charges repel each other, unlike charges attract each other.同种电荷相互排斥，异种电荷相互吸引。
27,The arrangement of the charges setting up the field being studied may change under the action of the test charge.
电荷形成的场会随检验电荷的移动而改变。
28.The Second law of thermodynamics: Heat
will never spontaneously flow from a cold object to a hot object. Also, no machine can be completely efficient in converting energy to work; some input energy is dissipated as heat. And finally, all systems tend to become more and more disordered as time goes by.
热力学第二定律：热不会自发的从冷的物体流动到热的物体，此外，没有任何机器能够在能量转换工作上是完全有效的，一些输入的能量作为热量耗散，最后，所有的系统往往会随时间的推移变得越来越混乱。
29.The special theory of relativity is based on
two postulate(1)The Principle of Relativity.
All the laws of physics are the same for all observers moving at a constant velocity with respect to one another. (2)The speed of light in free space is the same ()for all observers regardless of the motion of the source of the motion of the observer.
狭义相对论是建立在两个假定（1）相对论的基础上的.。所有的物理定律都是相同的所有观察员以恒定的速度彼此移动。（2）在自由空间中，不论观测者的运动来源如何，自由空间中的光的速度都是相同的。
30.Conservative forces can be defined in two ways:(1)as forces whose work does not depend on the path along which a particle passes from one point to the another, and(2) as forces whose work along any closed path equals zero.
同13
常用金融英语词汇的翻译知识讲解
常用金融英语词汇的 翻译
常用金融英语词汇的翻译 acquiring company 收购公司 bad loan 呆帐 chart of cash flow 现金流量表 clearly-established ownership 产权清晰 debt to equity 债转股 diversity of equities 股权多元化 economy of scale 规模经济 emerging economies 新兴经济 exchange-rate regime 汇率机制 fund and financing 筹资融资 global financial architecture 全球金融体系 global integration, globality 全球一体化，全球化 go public 上市 growth spurt （经济的）急剧增长 have one's "two commas" 百万富翁 hedge against 套期保值 housing mortgage 住房按揭 holdings 控股，所持股份 holding company 控股公司 initial offerings 原始股 initial public offerings 首次公募 innovative business 创新企业 intellectual capital 智力资本 inter-bank lending 拆借 internet customer 网上客户 investment payoff period 投资回收期 joint-stock 参股 mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人 means of production 生产要素 (the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病医疗费用社会统筹mergers and acquisitions 并购
英语词汇学教程参考题答案(杨信彰)
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) W hen it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) When it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) When it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1) They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”. (2) They represent the forms of the verb “fly” and have a common meaning. (3) They belong to a lexical field of “telephone communication”. (4) They are synonyms, related to human visual perception. Specifically, they denote various kinds of “looking”. 5. (a) 'blackboard: a board with a dark smooth surface, used in schools for writing with chalk (the primary stress in on black); 'blackbird: a particular kind of bird, which may not necessarily be black in color (the primary stress in on black); 'greyhound: a slender, swift dog with keen sight (the primary stress in on black); 'White House: the residence of the US President in Washington (the primary stress in on black). (b) 'black 'board: any board which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'black 'bird: any bird which is black in color (both words receive primary stress); 'grey 'hound: any hound that is grey in color (both words receive primary stress); 'white 'house: any house that is painted white (both words receive primary stress). 6. There are 44 orthographic words, i.e. sequences of letters bounded by space. There are 24 open class words and 20 closed class words. 7. (a) The ‘bull’ is literal, referring to a male bovine animal. (b) ‘Take the bull by the horn’is an idiom, meaning (having the courage to) deal with someone or something directly. (c) ‘Like a bull in a china shop’is an idiom, meaning doing something with too much enthusiasm or too quickly or carelessly in a way that may damage things or upset someone.
英语词汇学课本与译文
Introduction 绪论 0.1 The nature and Domain of English lexicology 英语词汇学的定义及研究范围 Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words. 词汇学是语言学的一个分支，研究词汇的起源和意义。 English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages. 英语词汇学研究英语词汇的形态结构、词的对应及其语义结构、词义关系、词的历史演变、词的构成及词的用法等。 English lexicology is a theoretically-oriented course. 英语词汇学是一门理论性课程。 It is chiefly concerned with the basic theories of words in general and of English words in particular. 该课程主要论述词汇学的基本理论，特别是英语词汇的理论知识。 However, it is a practical course as well, for in the discussion, we shall inevitably deal with copious stocks of words and idioms, and study a great many usage examples. 但是，英语词汇学也是一门实践性课程，在该书的论述中，我们将遇到大量的词汇和习语，学习大量词汇用法实例。 Naturally, there will be a large quantity of practice involved. 当然，同时还要接触到大量的词汇练习。 0.2 Its Relation to Other Disciplines 英语词汇学与其它学科的关系 English lexicology itself is a subbranch of linguistics. 英语词汇学是语言学的一个分支。 But it embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics, lexicography. 但它却与其他学科相关，如形态学、语义学、词源学、文体学和词典学等。 Each of them has been established as a discipline in its own right. 而这些学科都各成一门学科。 Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of morpheme construct. 形态学是语法学的一个分支，主要通过运用词素（形位）结构研究词的结构或形式。 This is one of the major concerns of lexicology, for we shall discuss the inflections of words and word-formation and examine how morphemes are combined to form words and words to form sentences. 这是词汇学研究的主要内容之一，因为研究词汇就必需讨论的屈折变化和构词法，考察词素如何构成词、词如何构成句子。 Etymology is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. 词源学研究词的形式和意义的起源及其历史变化。 Modern English is derived from the languages of early Germanic tribes with a fairly small vocabulary. 现代英语源于词汇量颇小的古日尔曼语。 We shall study how this small vocabulary has grown into a huge modern English vocabulary and explain the changes that have taken place in the forms and meanings of words. 我们将研究这门词汇量很小的语言是如何发展成为词汇量庞大的现代英语，并解释英语词汇的形式和意义是如何变化的。 Stylistics is the study of style. 文体学研究文体。 It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular context for special effects. 主要对语用者在特定语境中如何选择语言要素（即如何选择用词、句型等）以达到特定的表达效果进行观察研究。 Among the areas of study: lexis, phonology, syntax, graphology, we shall concentrate on lexis, exploring the stylistic values of words. 在文体学所研究的词汇、音系学、句法学和书写法范围中，我们主要研究词汇，探讨词汇的文体价值。Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form, meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a pragmatic difference. 词典学和词汇学探讨同样的问题：词汇的形式、意义、词汇的起源及用法，但两者在语用上还有差异。 A lexicographer’s task is to record the language as it is used so as to present the genuine picture of words to the reader, providing authoritative reference, whereas the student of lexicology is to acquire the knowledge and information of lexis so as to increase their lexical awareness and capacity of language use. 词典学家的任务是实录词汇的用法并把词汇用法的真实情形呈现给读者，为其提供权威性的参考；而词汇学家则是研究词汇的知识和信息，以增强读者对词汇的了解和语言的使用能力。 Though English lexicology has a wide coverage of academic areas, our task is definite and consistent. 英语词汇学的研究范围很大，但我们的任务是明确而系统的。 That is to study English words in different aspects and from different angles. 即从不同角度研究英语词汇的各个方面。0.3 Method of Study 英语词汇学的研究方法 There are generally two approaches to the study of words, namely synchronic and diachronic. 一般来说，词汇研究有两种
【免费下载】大学英语的词汇和短语翻译
第四单元 单词 1. Nearly 6 million in the mid-western area were affected by the flood, and there is a real danger of mass starvaion. 2. It’s incredible what when he gambled he always won, whether he was playing a card game or betting on horse racing. 3. The council is trying to get more people to do voluntary work and render social services in the less developed regions。 4. Elephants are dying out because they are being hunted for the tusks。 5. Wines can be classified as dry，medium or sweet a ccording to their sugar content。 6. Slavery was abolished in Canada in 1833，and the Canadian authorities then encouraged sl aves from Americn to settle down on their land。 7. Some of the developing counteies seem to be stuck with a tough situation— the division between the rich and the poor has never been so clear and sharp。 8. The mass media commented that the young man’s suicide was nothing but a senseless waste of his life. 9. The younger generation should not just seek for the latest fashions；they should have long- term commitment and try to live a worthy life. 10. There’s absolutely no coordination between the different work teams—we don’tknow what others are doing。 11. As witnesses to the accident，we were asked to make written declarations of what we hae seen. 12. Although he pursued a life- time career as a lawyer, his talerns and achievements spanned a wide range of subjects in the arts as well as in scierces. 13. The local government recommends that the police and the inhabitants join hands to fight against crimes in the neighborhood 。 14. It seems as if every Amerincan boy between the ages of 8 and 15 likes to play video games, but such games are only moder ately popular among girls of the same age group. 15. He was a really considerate friend—always available to help at the slightest hint of trouble。 1。在中西部地区近6万被洪水的影响，并有一个真正的大规模饥荒的危险。 2。真是难以置信，当他输光，他总是赢，他是否在玩一种纸牌游戏，或赛马投注。 3。安理会正在努力让更多的人做志愿工作，并呈现在欠发达地区的社会服务。 4。大象死亡，因为他们正在为象牙猎杀。 5。根据其含糖量可分为干燥，中等或甜葡萄酒。 6。在1833年废除了奴隶制在加拿大，加拿大当局则鼓励来自美国的奴隶自己的土地上定居下来。 7。一些发展中国家似乎陷入一个艰难的情况下，富人与穷人之间的分工从来没有如此清晰和锐利。 8。大众媒体评论说，年轻人的自杀只不过是他生命中无谓的浪费。 9。年轻一代不应该只是寻求最新的时装，他们应该有长期的承诺和尝试过一个有价值的生命。 10。但绝对没有不同的工作之间的协调小组，我们不知道别人在做什么。 11。至于事故的目击者，我们被要求做我们所能奉献的书面声明。 12。虽然他追求生命的职业生涯作为一名律师，他的talerns和成就跨越广泛的艺术，以及在scierces科目。 13。建议当地政府，警方和居民携手同犯罪作斗争，在邻里。 14。看来，如果每一个美国男孩8岁和15人喜欢玩视频游戏，但这样的游戏只能在同一年龄组的女孩中度流行。 15。他是一个非常体贴的朋友提供帮助，一丝淡淡的麻烦。 短语 1. In view of her outstanding academic achievements and other qualities，she stands a chance of being admitted to one of the w orld’s best universities. 2. His recent mismanagement of the company has ruled out the possibility of getting promoted to the top management。 3. His pointed out something worthy of our attention in his report, that is,the so- called educational toys and games in our elementary schools are not really educational in the real sense of the word.
Datasheet中常用英语词汇翻译
Datasheet中常用英语词汇翻译 序号英文术语中文术语 1 backplane 背板 2 Band gap voltage reference 带隙电压参考 3 benchtop supply 工作台电源 4 Block Diagram 方块图 5 Bode Plot 波特图 6 Bootstrap 自举 7 Bottom FET Bottom FET 8 bucket capcitor 桶形电容 9 chassis 机架 10 Combi-sense Combi-sense 11 constant current source 恒流源 12 Core Sataration 铁芯饱和 13 crossover frequency 交*频率 14 current ripple 纹波电流 15 Cycle by Cycle 逐周期 16 cycle skipping 周期跳步 17 Dead Time 死区时间 18 DIE Temperature 核心温度 19 Disable 非使能，无效，禁用，关断 20 dominant pole 主极点 21 Enable 使能，有效，启用 22 ESD Rating ESD额定值
23 Evaluation Board 评估板 24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in permanent damage to the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the Electrical Characteristics section is not implied. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。建议不要工作在电特性表规定的参数范围以外。 25 Failling edge 下降沿 26 figure of merit 品质因数 27 float charge voltage 浮充电压 28 flyback power stage 反驰式功率级 29 forward voltage drop 前向压降 30 free-running 自由运行 31 Freewheel diode 续流二极管 32 Full load 满负载 33 gate drive 栅极驱动 34 gate drive stage 栅极驱动级 35 gerber plot Gerber 图 36 ground plane 接地层 37 Henry 电感单位：亨利 38 Human Body Model 人体模式 39 Hysteresis 滞回 40 inrush current 涌入电流 41 Inverting 反相 42 jittery 抖动 43 Junction 结点 44 Kelvin connection 开尔文连接
英语词汇学教程(练习答案)(1)解析
《英语词汇学教程》（2004 年版）练习答案 Chapter 1 7. Choose the standard meaning from the list on the right to match each of the slang words on the left. a. tart: loose woman b. bloke: fellow c. gat: pistol d. swell: great e. chicken: coward f. blue: fight g. smoky: police h. full: drunk i. dame: woman j. beaver: girl 8. Give the modern equivalents for the following archaic words. haply = perhaps albeit = although methinks = it seems to me eke = also sooth = truth morn = morning troth = pledge ere = before quoth = said hallowed = holy billow = wave / the sea bade = bid 12. Categorize the following borrowed words into denizens, aliens, translation loans, and semantic loans. Denizens: kettle, die, wall, skirt, husband Aliens: confrere, pro patria, Wunderkind, mikado, parvenu Translation loans: chopstick, typhoon, black humour, long time no see Semantic loans: dream Chapter 2 1. Why should students of English lexicology study the Indo-European Language Family? The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. Knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately. 2. Make a tree diagram to show the family relations of the modern languages given below.
(完整版)艺术专业中文词汇及其英文翻译
设计的分类（英语） 1 设计Design 2 现代设计Modern Design 3 工艺美术设计Craft Design 4 工业设计Industrial Design 5 广义工业设计Genealized Industrial Design 6 狭义工业设计Narrow Industrial Design 7 产品设计Product Design 8 传播设计Communication Design 8 环境设计Environmental Design 9 商业设计Comercial Design 10 建筑设计Architectural 11 一维设计One-dimension Design 12 二维设计Tow-dimension Design 13 三维设计Three-dimension Design 14 四维设计Four-dimension Design 15 装饰、装潢Decoration 16 家具设计Furniture Design 17 玩具设计Toy Design 18 室内设计Interior Design 19 服装设计Costume Design 20 包装设计Packaging Design 21 展示设计Display Design 22 城市规划Urban Desgin 23 生活环境Living Environment 24 都市景观Townscape 25 田园都市Gardon City 26 办公室风致Office Landscape 27 设计方法论Design Methodology 28 设计语言Design Language 29 设计条件Design Condition 30 结构设计Structure Design 31 形式设计Form Design 32 设计过程Design Process 33 构思设计Concept Design 34 量产设计，工艺设计Technological Design
英语词汇学 术语解释
.' Lexicology the is into linguistics, inquiring a branch of origins and meanings of words. Morphology different their and the : study of morpheme forms. Semantics the study of word meaning. ：Etymology: the study of the origin of words, and of their history and changes in their meaning. Stylistics : the study of the variation in language which is dependent on the situation in which the language is used and also on the effect the writer or speaker wishes to create on the reader or hearer Lexicography : the compiling of dictionaries. Synchronic study one or words at a : the study of word particular point in time. Diachronic study studies which to : an approach lexicology how a word (or words) changes over a period of time.
大学英语词汇学教程参考答案
《英语词汇学教程》参考答案 (注：参考答案仅供参考。有些题目的答案并非是唯一的) Chapter 1 1. The three definitions agree that lexicology studies words. Yet, they have different focuses. Definition 1 focuses on the meaning and uses of words, while definition 2 on the overall structure and history. Definition 3 regards lexicology as a branch of linguistics and focuses on the semantic structure of the lexicon. It is interesting to note that the three definitions use different names for the object of study. For Definition 1, it is words, for Definition 2 the vocabulary of a language, and for Definition 3 the lexicon. 2. (1) They can go into the room, and if they like, shut the door. (2) You boys are required to give in your homework before 10 o’clock. (3) I watch the football match happily and find it very interesting. 3. (1) when it follows ‘-t’ and ‘-d’, it is pronounced as [id]; (2) when it follows voiceless consonants, it is pronounced as [t]; (3) when it follows voiced consonants and vowels, it is pronounced as [d]. 4. (1)They are words that can be included in a semantic field of “tree”.
自考英语词汇学翻译精华整理
学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 English Lexicology(英语词汇学) 1.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。 2.English Lexicology is correlated with such linguistic disciplines as morphology(形态学), semantics(语义学), etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）and lexicography(词典学) Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary 1.Word（词的定义）: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence 词语是语言最小的自由形式，拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。 2.Sound and meaning（声音与意义）: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”词语是一个符号，代表着世界上其他的事物。每种世界文化已经赞成一定的读音将代表一定的人，事，地方，特性，过程，行动，当然是在语言系统之外。这种象征性的联系几乎总是主观的，并且“在代表事物和思想的声音和实际的事物和思想之间没有法定关系” 3.Sound and form（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans,which does not have a separate letter to represent each other内因是因为英语字母表采用罗马字母，罗马字母没有独立的字母代表每个读音，因此一些字母代表两个读音或者组合在一起发音。 （2）the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years另一个原因是发音比拼写的变化快，在一些时候还拉开了距离。在最近五百年里，尽管口语发音已经出现了显著的变化，却没有相应的拼写变化。 （3）some of the difference were created by the early scribes第三个原因是一些早期的书写员发明了一些不同。（4）the borrowings is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary最后借词来了，这是丰富英语词汇的重要途径。 （5）printing印刷已经变得非常普及。它有助于固定单词的拼写、standardization标准化使得拼写不容改变。、dictionary字典在拼写终结中得到好处。 —Old English,The speech of the time was represented very much more faithfully in writing than it is today. 古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语 —The written form of English is an imperfect representation of the spoken form。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表 4.What is vocabulary？ （1）Total number of the words in a language一个语言的单词综合 （2）Words used in a particular historical period 特殊历史时期使用的单词 （3）All the words of a dialect，a book ，a discipline...某个方言，书籍，学科中的所有单词 5.Classification of English Words：英语词汇由所有种类的词汇组成。它们可以根据不同的标 准或者不同的目的进行分类。 By use frequency:basic word stock&nonbasic vocabulary根据使用频率，单词可以分为基础词和非基础词。 By notion:content words&functional words可以根据概念分成实词和虚词
浅谈大学英语词汇教学
浅谈大学英语词汇教学 词汇是构成语言的基本要素，是人与人之间交流必不可少的基本材料。没有扎实的词汇基本功，学生的英语水平很难提高。在大学英语教学中，词汇教学占据了很重要的地位。考虑到传统的大学英语词汇教学存在着误区和弊端，教师应该引导学生在记忆单词词义的同时也要注意单词的词性与搭配，在实践中使用单词带动学生的学习热情，引导他们由被动的学习转向主动的学习。 标签：词汇教学；误区；分类；实际运用 引言 在实际应用中，人们首先接触的是词汇，因为思想和概念必须通过词汇来表达。因此，词汇量的多少是衡量学习者英语水平高低的重要标志，是语言学习的根基[1]105。大学英语教学过程涉及到听力，口语，阅读和写作四个方面，听力和阅读属于输入技能，口语和写作属于输出技能，而这些输入技能和输出技能都必须以词汇作为基础[2]133。尽管如此，大部分学生的词汇量并没有很大的扩展，因此，教师需要思考和研究如何改进词汇教学策略，培养学生的单词记忆和运用能力[3]208。 一、大学英语词汇教学的误区和弊端 1.大学英语词汇教学的误区 对于英语词汇学习，存在着一个误区：单词背得越多，英语水平就越高，英语听说读写各个方面的问题也会随之解决。因为受到上述错误思想的影响，部分学生专门花大量的时间记忆词汇，甚至背很多根本就用不到的生僻词汇。结果，这些学生发现到需要实际运用英语的时候，还是觉得很吃力。 这个误区同样影响了部分大学英语教师，他们把大部分的教学时间放在孤立地教授英语词汇上面，而忽视了引导学生去运用这些词汇，把英语词汇教学和英语听说读写相结合[4]96。 传统词汇教学的模式是：教师领读单词，然后找学生重读，教师会纠正学生的发音、语音语调，接着像翻译词典一样，把单词的常用搭配、常用例句机械地讲解给学生，学生跟着教师抄笔记。在这种教学模式下，教师仅仅充当了词典的功能。这种教学方式虽然可以传递给学生很多词汇信息，但是教学过程非常枯燥，学生会慢慢失去听课的兴趣。同时，大多数教师重视的是如何增加学生的词汇量，却忽视了学生词汇掌握的质量问题。 上述误区存在的根本原因是学生的学习方法不对，由于词汇太多，很多学生只是机械地背诵单词，却忽视了词性与搭配，因此不了解单词的用法[5]110。这样往往会导致在口语和写作中经常用一些特别难的词，但是用法却不对。因此学