瑞丁英语初中语法chapter9名词性从句(教师版)
Chapter12.名词性从句
Noun Clause
I本章要点
1.宾语从句
2.主语从句
3.表语从句
4.同位语从句
II名词性从句语法点分述
一、宾语从句
1.引导宾语从句的连接词
a.that引导(that可以省略)
I know(that)most matter has three states（状态）.
____我知道大多数物质有三种状态。_____________
?Attention?
宾语从句中that不可省略的情况
宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略
1)当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能
省略。
I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.
2)当it作形式宾语时
当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时，通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it，将真正的宾语从句移至句末。
结构公式：
主语+consider/find/make/regard/think/+it+宾补+that+句子/to do sth
Shemade it clear to her parents that she would learn to deal with various problems.
★小试身手★
1)特朗普说得很清楚他想当总统。(make…clear)
_Trump made it clear that he wanted to be the President of the United States.______________________________________________
2)我们理所当然的认为父母应该爱我们一辈子。(take…for granted)
__We take it for granted that our parents should love us forever.____________________________________________
3)consider,we,it,should,that,with,importance,all,of,great,we,theory,combine,
practice（连词成句）
We all consider it of great importance that we should combine theory with practice.__
b.whether/if引导
(1)在whether……or not的固定搭配中，不能用if。
I don’t know whether he will study abroad or not.
(2)在介词后，只能用whether和特殊疑问词，不能用if。
Hisfather is concerned about whether he will be kicked out of school.
?Attention?
if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。在考
试中如果确定句子意思表示“是否”，则一定选择用whether。
★小试身手★
1)I wonder__whether/if______there’s any need to spend so much money on the party.
2)Some people believe___that_____a monkey person is sociable.
3)She is worried about____whether_________she can get promoted.
4)Teacher told the students___that___the sun__has________(have)eight planets. 2.连接代词以及连接副词引导
结构公式：
a.连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what+陈述语序的句子
I don’t know who[whom]you are talking about.
b.连接副词：where/why/when/how/how many等一切特殊疑问词+陈述语
序的句子
I don’t know why you are late.
★小试身手★
1)只有小孩子知道自己在找什么。
____________Only the children know what they are looking for._______________
2)Professor Nelson wanted to know__B____.
A.when would the conference begin
B.When the conference would begin
C.when will the conference begin
D.when the conference will begin
3)I’m not sure__B____.
A.what is the assignment of tomorrow
B.what the assignment for tomorrow is
C.what will the assignment for tomorrow be
D.what will be the assignment of tomorrow
3.宾语从句连词总结
连词说明例句
that 1.宾语从句用连词that,that
没有意义仅起连接作用。that
可以省略。I have serious reason to believe that the planet is the asteroid（小行星）known as B-612.
who,whom,what,
which 2.连接代词who,whom,
what,which，在宾语从句中做
主要成分。
I gave up what might
have been a magnificent
career as a painter.
how,when,where 3.连接副词how,when,
where在宾语从句中作次要
成分。
I don’t know where he is.
if或whether if或whether在宾语从句中只
起连接作用，不起语法作用，
当作“是否”讲。从句中有or
not结构时，要用whether。I do not know if (whether)he will come.
4.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句除个别情况外，全部使用陈述句语序。
1．I don't know what's the matter.
2．I don't know what's wrong.
3．I don't know what's on today.
4．I don't know which is the way to the cinema.
★小试身手★
1)Do you know__A___?
A.when the sports meeting will begin
B.when the sports meeting begins
C.when the sports meeting begin
D.when will begin the sports meeting
2)Will this sheep have to have a great deal of grass?
Do you think…(连接成宾语从句)
__Do you think that this sheep will have to have a great deal of grass?___________
5.宾语从句的时态
主句宾语从句
现在时或将来时时态一般不受主句的时态影响
过去时 a.从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与
主句谓语动词动作同时发生；
b.从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句
谓语动作之前；
c.从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生
在主句谓语动作之后
★小试身手★
1)I don’t know if we each have a destiny,or if we’re all just floating around accidentally,
like on a breeze.
_____我不懂我们是否有着各自的命运，还是只是到处随风飘荡。_______
2)The scientist told the student that the sun____is________round.(be)
3)I believe that the friendship between us____will last___forever.(last)
4)I knew that our team____had won/would win_________(win)the competition.
5)Kate knows what John__D___now.
A.does
B.will do
C.has done
D.is doing
6.宾语从句否定转移
主句主语人称否定前移例句反义疑问句
第一人称Yes I don’t think the weather will
be better tomorrow,will it?
I don’t believe he can finish
问从句
the task in an hour,can he?
问主句第二，第三人称No She thought that film was not
interesting,didn’t she?
You think you can't get up
early,don’t you?
★小试身手★
1)We have to finish the work now.（反义疑问？___don’t we___________）
2)You never told us why you were late for the meeting.（反义疑问？____did
you_________）
3)Nacy,sweep the classroom,C？
A.don’t you
B.do you
C.will you
D.doesn’t she
4)—He didn’t go to the lecture this morning,did he?
—B.Tough he was not feeling very well.
A.No,he didn’t
B.Yes,he did
C.No,he did
D.Yes,he didn’t
7.宾语从句和动词不定式转换类似
I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to do.
what to do with;how to deal with固定词组用法。
I don’t know what I should do with this messysituation.
=I don’t know what to do with this messy situation.
★小试身手★
宾语从句和不定式转换练习：
1)I believe that he is an honest man.(保持原句意思)
I believe__him___to___be__an honest man.
2)He expected to be forgiven.(保持原句意思)
He expected that he__would______be__forgiven.
3)He isn’t in the office now,I think.(保持原句意思)
I_don’t____think that he__is___in the office.
4)He will pass the exam.We think it possible.(合并为一句)
We think___it__possible_that____he will pass the exam.
二、主语从句
主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
1.主语从句的引导词
主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词引导。
a.that引导
That a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife is a truth universally acknowledged.(用it改写)
It is a truth universally acknowledged,that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
?Attention?
that引导的主语从句出现在句首时，that不可省略。
b.whether引导
Whether chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay is unknown to me.(用it改写)
__It is unknown to me whether chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay.__________
?Attention?
用whether引导主语从句，而不用if。
c.连接代词引导
所有值得做的事情都值得做好。
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.________________________
?Attention?
连接代词引导，不能用it改写
Whoever leaves last turns off the light.
d.连接副词引导
When we arrive doesn’t matter.
How it was done was a mystery.
?Attention?
谓语动词一律用第三人称单数
，主谓一致问题“看后”
e.what引导(相当于中文的“的字结构”）
What we have is knowledge,but what we need are chances.
★小试身手★
1)沙漠之所以美丽，是因为在它的某个角落隐藏着一口井。
What makesthe desert beautiful is that somewhere it hides a well.
2.主语从句与形式主语it
常见的用it作形式主语的复合结构：
结构具体情况
1.It is+n./adj.+that It is a pity/shame that...可惜的是……
It is a surprise that…令人吃惊的是…
It is a fact that…事实是…
It is common knowledge that……是常识
It’s certain that…肯定…
It is possible/likely that...很可能……
It is obvious/clear that…很明显…
It is true that…的确…
It is necessary\important\natural\...that…
2.It+不及物动词+that It happened that...碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起…
It appears/seems that…似乎，好像…
It turned out that…原来…
3.It+be+过去分词+
从句It is said that...据说……
It is known to all that...众所周知……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is believed that...据相信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that+(should)do...建议……
★小试身手★
1)纸是中国首先造出来的，这是事实。
___It is a fact that paper was first made in China.__________
2)人类不可能受机器人的控制。
____It is impossible that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.___________
3)我们以前似乎在哪儿见过。
_____It seemed that we have seen each other somewhere before.___________
4)据报道，到目前为止，已经有91个孩子在洪水中失去了生命。
_____It is reported that so far91children have died in the flood._______________
?Attention?
1)主语从句中that位于句首时不可省略；但是如果主语从句放在后面，that可以省略。
水能够被用来发电是事实。
_____That water can be used to produce electricity is true./It is true that water can be used to produce electricity.__________________________________________
2)主语从句放在前面只能用whether，而不能用if；但是如果主语从句放在后面，
whether和if都可以使用。
他是否能安然无恙的回来还是个问题。
__Whether he could come back safe and sound is a problem.__/It’s a problem
_whether/if he could come back safe and sound._________________________
三、表语从句
1.表语从句的连接词
a.That连接表语从句，既没有含义也不在从句中担任成分。
人生值得欣慰（solace）之处便是，每一天都有结束的时候。今天亦不例外。
___The solace of life is that each day has an end.This one will,too.__________________ b.从属连词whether,as,as if/though引导的表语从句，有含义，但在从句中不充当
任何成分。
It seems as if the balloon is filled with helium（氦气）.
___这个气球似乎充满了氢气。_________________________________
c.because,why引导的表语从句，通常置于be动词之后的表语从句。
That is why global climate is becoming warmer and warmer.
___这就是为什么全球气候正在变暖。_________________________________
d.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever。连接副
词where,when,how,why这些连词都既有含义也充当一定的句子成分。
The most distant way in the world is not when I stand in front of you,you are not sure I love you.It is when my love is bewildering（痴迷的）the soul,but I can’t speak it out.
____世界上最遥远的距离不是我就站在你面前，你却不知道我爱你，而是爱到痴
迷却不能说我爱你。__________________________________
e.表语从句只用whether不用if表示“是否”。
问题是许多国家是否能够维护国家主权（state sovereignty）。
__The question is whether many countries can safeguard their state sovereignty.____ f.当主语是reason时，表语从句的连接词用that。
我妈妈伤心的原因是丢了一个包，这个包里装了很多重要的文件。
_The reason why my mother was sad was that she had lost a bag,containing many important files.______
四、同位语从句
1.同位语从句的连接词
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
a.that引导同位语从句
主句中有些词义比较抽象的名词,如belief,doubt,evidence,idea,fact,hope, possibility,thought等，可以用that引出的从句做同位语，叫做同位语从句，that不可以省略。That从句的内容即为这个名词的内容，that在从句中不充当成分。
b.whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句
2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
a.意义的不同:
We are glad at the news that he will come.
(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us.
(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
b.引导词的功能上的不同：
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。
Today there is evidence that the resources of the sea are as seriously threatened as those of the land.
___有证据表明海洋资源和陆地资源一样正遭受着严峻的威胁。___________
There is no doubt that Premier Wen Jiabao is an excellent leader.
___温家宝总理是一位优秀的领导，这是毫无疑问的。________________
五、名词性从句的注意事项
1.语序问题
2.连接词的选用问题
a.that,whether,if,as if都不作句子的任何成分。
因此，它们所引导的句子结构必须完整。that一般用于确定的语气中，引导宾语从句时，口语中的that可省略，而其他情况中的that一般不可省；而whether,if一般用于不确定的语句中。如：
That he learnt Englishbefore is certain.
他学过英语是肯定的。
I don’t know whether/if he will learn English.
我不知道他是否会学英语。
He looks as if he knows English.
看起来他好像知道英语。
★小试身手★
1)It seems a perpetual（永恒的）rule that flops（失败）are produced elatedly（兴
高采烈的）and masterpieces painstakingly（辛苦的）.同位语从句
2)This is where all dreams begin.表从
3)What we should care about is not where it’s headed but what we see and how we feel.
主从/表从
4)I love you not for who you are,but for who I am with you.宾从
5)The news got around that the general manager would marry his secretary in the
company.同位语从句
6)It still remains a mystery what he will assignfor the class.主从
7)Happiness doesn’t depend on who you are or what you have;it depends solely on what
you think.宾从
8)Pleaseremember what you do now will decide your future directly.宾从
9)What we anticipate seldom occurs;what we least expect generally happens.主从
10)You will never know what you will be.宾从
III Review
名词性从句中考练习：
一：选择题(中考题型)：
1.Do you think______an American film tomorrow?
A.is there
B.there's going to be
C.will there be
D.there's going to have
2.What do you think______these young people so excited?
A.making
B.to make
C.makes
D.that makes
3.-Where do you think______he______the computer?
-Sorry,I have no idea.
A./;bought
B.has;bought
C.did;buy
D.does;buy
4.I was told______Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computer.
A.that how
B.how that
C.when that
D.that when
5.I want to know______.
A.what is his name
B.what's his name
C.that his name is
D.what his name is
6.-We never know______the old man is.
-That say he is a teacher.
A.what
B.who
C.which
D.where
7.Would you please tell me______next,Mr Wang?
A.what should we do
B.we should do what
C.what we should do
D.should we do what
8.They were all pleased with______them.
A.what you said
B.what did you say to
C.what you spoke
D.what you had told
9.Do you know______during the coming summer holiday?
A.what will Tom do
B.what did Tom do
C.what Tom will do
D.what Tom did
10.-I don't know______.Could you show me the way?
-Certainly.
A.where the post office is
B.where is the post office
C.where I can get to the post office
D.how can I get to the post office
11.I don't remember where______in the city when he was young.
A.did he work
B.he worked
C.he had worked
D.he has worked
12.They asked me______during the May Day holidays.
A.where had I gone
B.where I had been
C.where had I been
D.where I had gone
13.Can you tell me______?I'm his old friend.
A.where does Jim live
B.when will Jim come back
C.where Jim has gone
D.how is Jim
14.-I'm waiting for the mail.Do you know______it will arrive?
-Usually it comes by4:00.
A.how
B.when
C.where
D.what
15.-Do you know______?
-Next year.
A.when he came here
B.when did he come here
C.when he will come
D.when will he come here
16.-Do you know______?
-They moved here soon after their son was born.
A.when would the Green move here
B.when the Greensmoved here
C.the Greens would moved here
D.when the Greens would move here
17.Could you tell me______?
A.when will Tom come back
B.when does Tom come back
C.when Tom will come back
D.when Tom comes back
18.-I really want to know______Li Lei is.
-It is said that he is much better these days.
A.what
B.how
C.where
D.who
19.-Do you know______?
-Yes,I do.Shecame here on foot.
A.where Kate came from
B.how Kate came here
C.when Kate comes here
D.why Kate didn't come here
20.Could you tell me______the bike without any help this morning?
A.how does he mend
B.how he mends
C.how he mended
D.how did he mend
二：按要求改写句子，每空限填一词。
1.The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning.(改为简单句)
(14’）
The girl wondered____________________meet her friends the next morning.
(合成宾语从句)(14’）2.John asked,“Can you look after my pet dog while I’ｍa way?”
John asked__________I__________look after his pet dog while he was away.
difficult to learn.I think so.(合并为一句)
3.Englishisn’ｔ
I_____think that English_____difficult to learn.
4.She knows that I’ve
sold this house.(改为反义疑问句)
sold this house,__________？
She knows that I’ve
5.I think she will succeed.(改为反义疑问句)
I think she will succeed,__________?
believe that I did anything wrong that morning.(改为反义疑问句)
6.Granny doesn’ｔ
believe that I did anything wrong that morning,__________?
Granny doesn’ｔ
suppose it will rain.(改为反义疑问句)
7.I don’ｔ
suppose it will rain,__________?
I don’ｔ
8.I believe that he is an honest man.(保持原句意思)
I believe_____to_____an honest man.
9.We believe that the story is true.(保持原句意思)
The story__________to be true.
10.He expected to be forgiven.(保持原句意思)
He expected that he__________forgiven.
三.翻译下列句子
1.运动会这个星期或是下星期开都没有关系。
2.我们现在做的以前从来没有做过。
3.你能告诉我这本字典是属于谁的吗？
4.我为什么迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到塞车了。
5.你们的任务是在六点钟以前想尽一切办法找些吃的回来,否则，今晚我们就得挨饿。
6.你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。
1.It makes no difference whether our sports meet will be held this week or next week.
2.What we are doing now has never been done before.
3.Canyou tell me whom the dictionary belongs to?
4.The reason why I was absent was that I had been/got caught in traffic jam on halfway.
5.Your task is that you should try every means to bring back some food,or we’ll stay
hungry tonight.
imagine how they were excited when they received the nice present.
6.You can’ｔ
练习答案：
一、选择题：
1-5BCADD
6-10ACDCA
11-15BBCBC
16-20BCBBC
二、按要求改写句子，每空限填一词：
1.where to
2.whether/if,could
is
3.don’t,
she
4.doesn’ｔ
she
5.won’ｔ
6.does she
7.will it
8.him t be
9.is believed
10.would be
三、翻译下列句子：
1.运动会这个星期或是下星期开都没有关系。
2.我们现在做的以前从来没有做过。
3.你能告诉我这本字典是属于谁的吗？
4.我为什么迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到塞车了。
5.你们的任务是在六点钟以前想尽一切办法找些吃的回来,否则，
今晚我们就得挨饿。
6.你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。
1.It makes no difference whether our sports meet will be held this week or next week.
2.What we are doing now has never been done before.
3.Canyou tell me whom the dictionary belongs to?
4.The reason why I was absent was that I had been/got caught in traffic jam on halfway.
5.Your task is that you should try every means to bring back some food,or we’ll stay
hungry tonight.
imagine how they were excited when they received the nice present.
6.You can’ｔ
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案
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(完整版)初中英语语法专题(状语从句)讲解
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Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。 方式状语从句： Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。 比较状语从句： The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。 例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！ 1. 易混引导词while, when, as的区别： when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用 （=while）。如： When he came in, his mother was cooking. When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如： Please don't talk so loud while others are working. As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如： As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。 2．Because,as,since 的区别： Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如： Water is very important because we can't live without it. He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill. I'll do it for you since you are busy.
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以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 精品文档． 精品文档 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：
初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习及答案
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