2014专四听力原文
听力材料原文
PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHE (20 MIN)
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation.
M: We have to move the company to a new office.
W: I think that's a great idea, Tim.
M: Good.
W: We should be in the centre of town.We'll be nearer to our customers. M: Jane, I...
W: The transport is better...
M: Jane, I...
W: ... and there are lots of good restaurants.
M: Jane, I think we should move to the country.
W: Oh!
M: For... against.For: cheaper rent,cheaper houses,cleaner air.It's quieter.There's not so much noise.And parking's easier.Do you agree that these are all good reasons for moving?
W: Yes, I agree.But let's talk about the things against moving.Number one.A long way from some clients.
M: Yes, but that's not a problem.
W: What about communications?
M: There's an airport near the new location as well as a motorway.And
there are fast trains to everywhere from there.
W: So communications are better than they are from here?
M: I think so.
W: But what do we do with our spare time?I know we can go for walks in the country.Perhaps go horse-riding.But we can only do that in summer.What do we do in winter? When it's cold and wet.It's not like here in the city, is it?
M: I agree.But in the town over there---twenty minutes by car---there are cinemas,theatres, good restaurants and there's a jazz club.So, I think our company should move to the country.Do you agree?
W: I am afraid I don't.
Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation.
M: So, Miss Parkinson,you organize fitness training and beauty treatments for working women?
W: That's right, Mr. Cruise.
M: Could you tell me how you first got the idea for the business?
W: Certainly. I suppose it all started about 5 years ago.I was on holiday and had a very bad skiing accident.I found that the only thing that helped the pain was massage and gentle exercise,like yoga or stretching exercises.So I used to go to therapists and classes after work.
M: Where did you work at that time?
W: In the training department of a media company.
M: I see.
W: But then I got a promotion to training manager.That meant I worked longer hours and was difficult to get to classes.I asked some of my teachers if they would come to my house instead,and most of them agreed.It was more expensive but I thought it was worth it.Lots of my friends loved the idea too.So I recommended people to them.That's when I began to realize that maybe I could make a business out of it.
M: Did you give up your job then?
W: No, not immediately.The idea was too scary.I had a good job with a good salary,and starting my own business seemed a bit risky.So I just did it at a hobby really.
M: So why did you leave your job in the end?
W: Well, the decision was made for me really.My company decided to relocate to a different town.They offered me the choice of relocating with them or quite a large sum of money if I preferred to leave.I know an opportunity when I see it.So I took the money!
M: Good for you.
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation.
M: Good afternoon, madam.
W: Good afternoon.I'd like to buy a camera.
M: We have all kinds of cameras here, madam.What sorts of camera are you thinking you are buying?
W: Well, I don't know anything about cameras.But my friend tells me that 35-millimeter cameras are the best.
M: Well, they are certainly the much popular.Would you like a rangefinder type or a single-lens reflex?
W: What's the difference?
M: With a single-lens reflex,you actually look through the lens when you're taking a photo.So you can see exactly what you are taking.
W: That seems a good idea.
M: Yes, focusing is easier, too.Try this one.It's a good mate.
W: Yes, I see what you mean.The image is very clear and bright.
M: That's right.Moreover,you can use a number of different lenses.Let me put a telephoto lens on for you to try.
W: My world! That's very good.I can see the people across the street as if they are inside the shop!
M: Being able to change the lens is very important,in my opinion.You can't do that with most rangefinder cameras though they smaller and cheaper.
W: How much is this camera?
M: The list price is 5,000.But I can let you have it for 4,500.
W: That's far too much! Did you say that rangefinder cameras are cheaper?
M: Yes, they are much cheaper.
W: Good! Show me some, please.
SECTION B PASSAGES
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.
This is a picture.In the foreground there's a house built into the side of a bare hill.The house is actually cut out of the rock,and the front is painted white.There's a single window with a pink curtain across it and a wooden door.This rock house is clearly inhabited because in front of the house there is washing hanging on a washing line in what looks like the front yard.Then, above the painted front of the house,they've built a chimney.It's quite possible that at the back of this same hill there's another door---or the front of another house, perhaps.At the side of the house,to the left there's a flat area.They've got chairs there and one person appears to be serving food.They're wearing casual summer clothes.Further to the left is another chimney,which probably belongs to a different house.In the background of the picture,a long way from this particular bare hill,there's another hill.Then, in between there's a relatively flat plain,and then there's a small town.It looks like a town because there are a lot of white house and each one is quite close to the next building.This must be a hot country because the sky is blue and there isn't much vegetation.I should think that rock houses are actually really cool and pleasant to live in. Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage.
Ben became interested in Mongolia early in life.When he was nine years
old he read a book about Marco Polo,about how Marco Polo traveled with his uncles on the ultimate business trip to the Mongol Empire at its height.Marco Polo's trip lasted almost a quarter of a century,during which he grew up,mastered Mongolian,gained the confidence of the Mongol emperor,and then eventually returned home with fantastic tales of strange lands and stranger people.The story of Marco Polo fascinated Ben.Ben tried to save money from his first job delivering newspapers with an eye toward a $3,000 trip to Mongolia.But in those days it would take him years to have the money ready.So he continued to read about Mongolia in the meantime but spent most of his teenage years in the Arab world,where he learned the language and became interested in journalism.He took courses in classical and modern Mongolian while studying for his master's degree and found it very difficult.But he still wants to visit Mongolia in the spring or summer, he said."Mongolian winters,when temperatures drop to -30 °C are not for me."The price today with an upscale company is reasonable, Ben said,"compared to the $3,000 it was back in 1971.Today the same trip is around $5,000,which though still a large sum,is, in terms of inflation,a good bargain."
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage.
Less than 20 miles from Singapore's skyscrapers is a completely different set of high-rise towers.Much smaller in scale but with a big ambition,over 100 nine-meter tall towers at Sky Greens vertical farm offer a new vision
of urban sustainability.Green vegetables like Chinese cabbage are grown,stacked in greenhouses,and sold at local supermarkets.The farm was built in 2009 and since October this year the fully operating farm has been supplying one of city's supermarkets with weekly deliveries of its greens.The Sky Greens produce costs around 40% more than an imported equivalent.However, the small amount of energy and water needed to grow the vegetables,and the close proximity to the consumer,means that carbon dioxide emitted in production and transportation is kept to a minimum.The Sky Greens venture is supported by the Singaporean government and has another advantage over other urban farms around the world:abundant natural heating and light.Singapore has year-round temperatures of around 30 degrees Celsius and the farm is set in an open area designated by the government as an agro-technology park,miles away from the shadow of city skyscrapers.And there are plans for the current site to expand to produce up to two tons of greensa week next year and build over 2,000 towers in the next few years.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1 (For Questions 21 and 22)
The family of Sarai Sierra, an American woman who went missing in Istanbul nearly two weeks ago,is in mourning after learning that Turkish police found her body Saturday.Turkish police found the woman's body near ancient stone walls in Istanbul's Saray burnu district.Police
suspected she had been killed at another location.Police told CNN's sister network CNN Turk that the body of the 33-year-old mother of two showed signs of stab wounds.However, the police chief of Istanbul,Huseyin Capkin,said Sierra died from a blow to her head.Nine suspects had been detained in connection with the woman's disappearance and death.Sierra's family and friends first sounded the alarm last week after she did not arrive on a return flight from Istanbul on January 22. News Item 2 (For Questions 23 and 24)
French forces say they have entered Kidal in the north of Mali,the last major town they have yet to secure in their drive against Islamist militants.French forces now control Kidal airport after a number of aircraft,including helicopters,landed there last night.Islamist militants were reported to have already left the town and it was unclear who was in charge.France --- the former colonial power in Mali--- launched a military operation this month after Islamist militants appeared to be threatening the south.French army spokesman confirms that "French troops were deployed overnight in Kidal".One regional security source told the Press that French aircraft had landed at Kidaland that protection helicopters are in the sky.Kidal, 930 miles north-east of the capital Bamako,was until recently under the control of the Islamist militants.
News Item 3 (For Questions 25 and 26)
US President Barack Obama has said the time has come for a review on
the US immigration system.He made his case at a high school in Las Vegas,Nevada, a day after a group of senators outlined a framework for reform.The White House and senators envisage a path to citizenship for many of an estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants in the US.He noted that the current system was "out of date and badly broken".Mr Obama's case for an immigration reform reflects a blueprint he rolled out in 2011,though that did not go far.Mr Obama now backs the Senate plan including making illegal immigrants pay taxes and fines,and sending them to the back of the queue before they can become American citizens.His 2011 blueprint also focused on a path to permanent residency and eventual citizenship.After eight years,individuals would be allowed to become legal permanent residents and would eventually become citizens five years later,according to his 2011 blueprint.
News Item 4 (For Questions 27 and 28)
In a suburb in northern Johannesburg South Africa, Lorraine Melvillis running around trying to organize hospital visits for her clients staying in her guest house.She started her business,"Surgeon and Safari,"back in 2000 and since then she has had people from all over the world come to her to facilitate their cosmetic procedures,and perhaps go on safari too."For most people in the first-world economies like the UK,and especially in America,their biggest desire is to go on African safari," she explains,"and yet their greatest want in their life was to have plastic
surgery,so why not put the two together?" Like most companies,however, Surgeon and Safari was hit by the global financial crisis,particularly as a number of Melvill's clients were borrowing money to afford their procedures.However, whilst the United States and euro zone economies may have languished,Melvill says that she has benefited from the growth of some African countries' economies."There is a huge emergence of local Africans that chose to come to South Africa for elective surgery,whether it be breast reduction,tummy tucks," she says.
News Item 5 (For Question 29)
The bloodshed at In Amenas has left the oil and gas industry struggling to come to terms with what it might mean for investment in risky countries.Bob Dudley,BP's chief executive says the company is "reviewing security" at its other facilities in the region and around the world.The attack is the worst tragedy of its kind in living memory despite the energy industry's presence in many unstable regions.BP has "never experienced an attack on this scale before",Mr Dudley says.Security remains a top priority in countries such as Iraq,where there have been instances of workers being kidnapped.The perception of risk for foreign oil workers and their families in North Africa,has soared.
News Item 6 (For Question 30)
Shopping is a serious business in London whatever the season--- but it doesn't get much more serious than this time of year.The UK's capital
January sales sees throngs of dedicated shop aholic scram its countless department stores,quirky boutiques and market stalls,keen to get their hands on the latest fashion trends and product offers.But it's not just domestic spending that's keeping the tills ringing in London.While the vibrant city's high-end stores are no strangers to overseas visitors,with those from the Middle East typically spending the most,a surprising new contender has emerged in recent times as a big spender in the international market --- Nigeria.Nigeria's economic growth has averaged about 7.4% annually over the past decade,creating a wealthier Nigerian elite with a large spending power.At the same time,however, robust economic growth has not reduced poverty in the country,with about two thirds of its population living on less than $1 per day.
专四听力原文
Legal Age for Marriage (1997) Throughout the United States, the legal age for marriage shows some difference./ The most com mon age without parents’ consent is 18 for both females and males./ However, persons who are under age in their home state can get married in another state, and then return to the home stat e legally married./ Each state issues its own marriage license./ Both residents and non-residents a re qualified for such a license./ The fees and ceremonies vary greatly from state to state./ Most st ates, for instance, have a blood test requirement, but a few do not./ Most states permit either a c ivil or religious ceremony, but a few require the ceremony to be religious./ In most states a waitin g period is required before the license is issued. /This period is from one to five days depending o n the state. / A three-day-wait is the most common. In some states there is no required waiting p eriod. The Railways in Britain (1998) The success of early railways, such as the lines between big cities,/ led to a great increase in railw ay building in Victorian times. / Between 1835 and 1865 about 25000 kilometers of track were bu ilt,/ and over 100 railway companies were created. / Railway travel transformed people's lives. / Trains were first designed to carry goods. / However, a law in the 19th century forced railway companies to run one cheap train a day / which stopped at every station and cost only a penny a mile. / Soon working class passengers found they could a fford to travel by rail. / Cheap day excursion trains became popular and seaside resorts grew rapi dly. / The railways also provided thousands of new jobs:/ building carriages, running the railways and repairing the tracks. / Railways even changed the time. / The need to run the railways on tim e meant that local time was abolished/ and clocks showed the same time all over the country. / United Nations Day (1999) The 24th of October is celebrated as United Nations Day. /it is a day that belongs to everyone./ A nd it is celebrated in most countries of the world./ Some countries celebrate for a week instead o f a day. /In many parts of the world, schools have special programs for the day. /Boys and girls in s ome communities decorate a UN tree./ In other communities, young people put on plays about t he UN./ Some libraries exhibit children’s art works from around the world. /Schools celebrate wit h the songs and dances of other countries/ or give parties where foods of other countries are ser ved./ No matter how the day is celebrated,/ the purpose of these celebrations is to help everyon e understand the UN,/ and the important roles it plays in world affairs. /The UN encourages peop le to learn about other lands and their customs./ In this way, people can gain a better understand ing and appreciation of peoples all over the world./ What We Know About Language (2000)
2011英语专四听力真题及答案
PART Ⅰ DICTATION 1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable for the average family in the UK, and more people started travelling abroad for their summer holidays. After all, the British weather wasn’t ver y good, even in summer, so a lot of people left the country for a vacation. In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on average. As a result, they started to go abroad in groups to places such as Spain and Greece. Once they arrived at their destination, they met with other groups of young people and had one long party. British holidaying habits have begun to change, however. Climate change means that the UK now has a hotter climate, so people do not need to go overseas to find good weather. Also, going abroad is more expensive. As a result, more British people are choosing to spend their summer holidays in the UK. PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two. SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation. 1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT? A The show will have more stands this year. B The show will have more visitors this year. C The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year. D The number of exhibition days will be the same this year. 2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would include A a catalogue B a poster C two desks D four chairs.
2014专四听力部分听写原文参考
Limiting the growth of technology Throughout history, man has changed his physical environment to improve his way of life.// With the tools of technology, // man has altered many physical features of the earth. // He has transformed woodland into farmland.//He has modified the face of the earth//by cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. // However, these changes in the physical environment// have not always had beneficial results. // Today, pollution of the air and water is a danger to the health of the planet.// Each day, thousands of tons of gases come out of the vehicles. // Smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding countryside. // The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. // The pollution of water is equally harmful. // In the sea, pollution from oil is killing a lot of sea plants and fish. //It is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth. //
英语专业四级听力及其答案
2008年英语专业四级考试全真试卷及其参考答案SECTION A CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 3 are based on the.following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation. 1. When is Anne available for the meeting? A. The third week of May. B. The third week of June. C. The eleventh of June. D. The eleventh of May. 2. Their meeting will probably take place in A. London. B. Toronto. C. Mexico City. D. Chicago. 3. When is Eric calling back? A. Thursday afternoon. B. Friday afternoon. C. Thursday morning.
D. Friday morning. Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation. 4. According to the woman, advertisements A. let us know the best product. B. give us sufficient information. C. fail to convince people. D. give misleading information. 5. In the woman's opinion, money spent on advertisements is paid A. by manufacturers. B. by customers. C. by advertisers. D. by all of them. 6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?. A. The woman seems to be negative about advertising. B. The woman appears to know more about advertising. C. The man is to be present at a debate on advertising. D. The man has a lot to talk about on advertising. Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation,
英语专业四级考试真题听力部分历年听写原文(2005年-2014年)
英语专业四级考试真题听写原文2005年 The Wrist Watch It is generally believed that wrist watches are an exception / to the normal sequence in the evolution of man's jewelry. / Reversing the usual order, they were first worn by women, / and then adopted by men. / In the old days, queens included wrist watches among their crown jewelry. / Later, they were worn by Swiss workers and farmers. / Until World War I, Americans associated the watch with fortune hunters. / Then army officers discovered that the wrist watch was most practical for active combat. / Race car drivers also loved to wear wrist watches, / and pilots found them most useful while flying. / Soon men dared to wear wrist watches without feeling self-conscious. / By 1924, some 30 percent of man's watches were worn on the wrist. / Today, the figure is 90 percent. / And they are now worn by both men and women / for practical purposes rather than for decoration. 2006年 The internet The internet is the most significant progress in the field of communications.Imagine a book that never rend, a library with milion floors,or imagine a research project with thousands of sientists working around the clock forever.This is the magic of the internet.
专四听写与听力理解上外出版12套模拟题第6-12套答案
专四听写与听力理解上外12套模拟题答案6-12 Model Test 6 Authority and Creativity In many countries, authority is seldom questioned, either because it is highly respected, or because it is feared . Sometimes, too, because rank has been important in certain societies for a long time, people have been trained never to question those in authority. In other countries, including America, children are trained to question and search for answers. When a child asks a question, he will often be told to go to the library and find the answer for himself. By the time students reach the age of 14 or 15, they may be developing exciting new ideas in all fields of science and arts . To encourage such creativity, there are many national prizes offered to students every year for their scientific discoveries and artistic accomplishments. This interest in questioning and searching may be considered by some people as bad for young people's manners. This impression may be created when visitors notice young Americans asking questions and arguing with older people . 1-5 CABDB 6-10 DCBDC 11-15 DACBC 16-20 DCADC 21-25 CBDBA 26-30 CDBAC Model Test 7 Driving in the US When driving in the United States, it’s a good idea to have an internaitonal driver’s license if you don’t have a state license. Each of the 50 states has its own traffic laws. For example, in some states drivers can pump their own gas at “self-service islands”, while in others this is not allowed. Drivers are expected to know and understand the laws even if they don’t live in the state. Get information when you cross the border into a state at a tourist information center. There is a national speed limit of 55 miles per hour, or about 80 kilometers per hour. Americans usually start and stop slowly and are generally polite about letting cars enter busy streets. They usually stop for people who are walking and let them cross the street first. In many states, you may turn right after stopping at a corner, even if there a red light. 1-5 DBABB 6-10 CCBBD 11-15 CBACD 16-20 BAACD 21-25 BABBD 26-30 CDADB Model Test 8 Why Do People Smoke
(完整版)历年英语专四听力真题答案和原文.doc
2000 年专四听力答案 PART I DICTATION What We Know About Language Many things about language are a mystery and will remain so. / However, we now do know something about it. / First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. / No human race anywhere on earth is so backward / that it has no language of its own at all. /Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. / There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, / but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. / In all the languages existing in the world today,/ there are complexities that must have been developed for years. / Third, we know that all languages are perfectly adequate./ Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. /And finally, we know that language changes over time, / which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. / The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead. PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. M:Jill,have you registered with the next semester? W:Not yet, there's still something that I'm not sure. Do you know if Professor Smith's economics 102 is still available to all undergraduate students? M:No, I don't think so. Last semester I tried to register in that course but all the other people told me not to. W:Why not? M:They said that my lack of knowledge in higher mathematics might be an obstacle in understanding Professor Smith's theory. W:Really? M:(I ) Jack tqld me that Professor Smith usually uses lots of formulas inside class. So you'd better make sure that you are extremely familiar with these formulas if you are seriously considering taking his course. W:What a shame I (2)My friends all told me that Professor Smith has lots of original ideas and he really can stimulate students to think. But I don't think I have the mathematical skills to keep up with the others. M:lf you want to take the course so much, why don't you register in a course in higher mathematics first? W. But I'm afraid that I will miss Professor Smith's course when I finish the mathematics course. M:Hey, I heard that Professor Smith would give the same course in the semester that starts next fall. ( 3 ) Why don't you take a year's higher mathematics and register in economics 102 the next fall? W:That sounds a good idea. I. [ B] 推断题。根据 ''They said that my lack of knowledge in higher mathematics might be an obstacle in understanding Professor Smith's theory. 可知，缺少高等数学知识会阻碍理解史密斯 教授的理论，所以学习经济学需要有高等数学知识，因而[ B]项伟正确答案。 2. [D] 细节题。文中提到 ''My friends all told me that Professor Smith has lots of original ideas and he really stimulate students to think. ”由此可知，史密斯教授有很很多新颖的观点，斌且
2017专四答案+听力原文
2017专四答案+听力原文 Part Ⅰ DICTATION Learning Sympathy A big part of being human is feeling sympathy, / but how early on in our lives do we learn this? / Scientists find that babies respond to other people / by crying when other babies cry. / However, babies can’t distinguish between themselves and others / until they’re eighteen to twenty months old. / Toddlers start to show concern for others around this time. / Kids also begin to do things like comforting other people. / And by the time they’re three, / most children will try to protect a victim in a fight. Part Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A TALK 1. a physical classroom 2. a coherent concept 3. personalized curriculum 4. (more) meaningful practice 5. feedback 6. collaborative learning 7. question and answer 8. fundamental human right 9. lifelong learning 10. innovation SECTION B CONVERSATIONS 1. What’s wrong with the man’s computer? 答案：A. It has wiped the data from the flash drive. 2. How will the man be compensated if the computer can’t be fixed? 答案：C. Get a new computer. 3. How did the man feel about the woman’s offer of compensation? 答案：D. Dissatisfied. 4. When will the service engineer come to fix the computer? 答案：B. After 8:30 tomorrow morning. 5. What is the man’s phone number? 答案：A. 6574-3205. 6. What sho uld we do if our neighbors didn’t reach out? 答案：B. Introduce ourselves first. 7. Which is the best way to handle a noisy neighbor? 答案：C. Give him a reason to stop. 8. What should we do if we have a nosy neighbor? 答案：D. Don’t answer their questions. 9. How long do we expect our neighbors to stay? 答案：B. Five to ten minutes. 10. Where can we get more information on this topic? 答案：D. CBS news website.
专四听力50篇答案.doc
Popular Pastime of the English People One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time. Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are f lowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other ’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English. 4. British and American Police Officers Real policemen, both in Britain and the ., hardly recognize any commonpoints between their lives and what they se on TV — if they ever get home in time. Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them. The first difference is that a policeman ’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what ’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes. Useful Words and Expressions: 1. think much of 重视，尊重 2. in court 在法庭上 3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者 4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的 5. Living Space How much living space does a person need What happens when his space needs are not met Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival These are interesting questions.