Oracle数据库管理常用的监控脚本

最近几天都研究SHELL脚本，为了方便对公司的Oracle运维，简化管理，学习一些SHELL脚本是非常有必要的，通过书本和网上的一些资料，整理出了一些比较精典的脚本，都是经过清自测试可行的，放上来共大家分享。

# 监控Oracle监听状态(chk_lsnr_stat.sh)
# ======================================================================================
# 监控Oracle监听器状态，发现状态异常启动监听，并发送邮件通知管理员，如果启动监听失败，发送邮件
# 通知管理员。
# ======================================================================================

#! /bin/bash

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile

tempfile=$ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/tempfile.lis

su - oracle -c "lsnrctl status" > /dev/null

if [ $? != '0' ]; then
echo "" >> $tempfile

echo "======================================================" >> $tempfile

echo "`date +%D-%T`" >> $tempfile

su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" >> $tempfile

if [ $? = '0' ]; then

cat $tempfile | mail dba@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e19839347.html, -s "The Listener Shutdown,and Restarted Success"

else

cat $tempfile | mail dba@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e19839347.html, -s "The Listener Shutdown,and Restarted Failed"

fi

fi



----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


# 监控Oracle实例状态(chk_inst_stat.sh)
# =====================================================================================
# 监控Oracle实例是否打开，实例打开时，数据库是否可用，当实例关闭，数据库不可用时发送告警邮件
# 通知管理员(判断时除开+ASM这个特殊实例)
# =====================================================================================

#! /bin/bash

ORATAB=/etc/oratab

tempfile=/home/oracle/tempfile.lis

db=`cat $ORATAB |egrep -i ":Y|:N"|cut -d ":" -f 1|grep -v "^+"`

pslist="`ps -ef | grep pmon|grep -v grep`"

mark=n

dbstat=`su - oracle << EOF

sqlplus -s /nolog

conn / as sysdba

set feedback off heading off pagesize 0

select status from v\\$instance;

exit

EOF`

for db_name in $db; do

echo "$pslist" | grep "ora_pmon_$db_name" > /dev/null 2>&1

if ［　$? = "0" ］; then

if [ $dbstat != "OPEN" ];then

mark=y

break

fi

else

mark=y

break

fi

done

if [ $mark != 'n' ];then

echo '>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >> $tempfile
echo "SERVER: $HOSTNAME" >> $tempfile
echo "`date +%D-%T`" >> $tempfile
echo 'WARN!!! Oracle Database Unavailable' >> $tempfile
echo "Maybe The Following Reasons: The Instance or Database is not OPEN" >>$tempfile

echo | mail -s

"Oracle Database Abnormal"　dba@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e19839347.html, < $tempfile
rm -f $tempfile

fi

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


# 监控归档目录空间（chk_arc_space.sh）
#=====================================================================================
# 将日志目录空间控制在200M，当容量大于200M时，将最旧日志打包复制到其它目录，并删除之
# 直到日志目录空间容量小于200M为止。
#=====================================================================================

#! /bin/bash

ARC_DIR=/disk01/tbs03

BAK_DIR=/opt/arcbackup

limit=200

capacity()

{

du -sh $ARC_DIR|awk -F " " '{print $1}'|tr -d M

}


oldlog()

{

ls -l|sort -k6|sed '1d'|head -1|awk -F " " '{print $9}'

}

cd $ARC_DIR

if [ `capacity` -gt $limit ]; then

echo ""|mail -s "The Archivelog Directory is Over Than $limit"\
dba@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e19839347.html,

fi

while [ `capacity` -gt $limit ]

do

file=`oldlog`

tar -czf $file.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.tar.gz $file

cp $file.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.tar.gz $BAK_DIR/

rm -rf $ARC_DIR/$file $ARC_DIR/$file.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.tar.gz

done



# 监控警告文件错误信息(chk_alert_info.sh)
#================================================================================
# 固定时间间隔内检查alert_$ORACLE_SID.log文件中是否包含ORA-开头的错误信息，如果存在
# 则将其以邮件的形式通知管理员。
#================================================================================

#! /bin/bash

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile

cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/bdump/

mv alert_$ORACLE_SID.log alert_temp.log

touch alert_$ORACLE_SID.log

cat alert_temp.log >> alert.$ORACLE_SID.hist

grep ORA- alert_temp.log > alert.err

if [ `cat alert.err|wc -l` -gt 0 ];then

mail -s "ORACLE ALERT ERROR" dba@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e19839347.html, < alert.err

fi

rm -rf alert.err

rm -rf alert_temp.log



# 监控磁盘空间利用率(chk_disk_space)
# ====================================================================
# 判断/dev开头的磁盘或分区空间利用率，当磁盘空间利用率超过90%则发送邮件通知
# 管理员
# ====================================================================

#! /bin/bash

limit=90%

tempfile=chk_disk_space.tmp

mark=n

diskusage()

{

df -h|grep -v Filesystem|sed '/\/dev\/mapper/N;s/\n//'|grep "^/dev"|awk -F " " '{print $5}'

}

for percent in `diskusage`

do

if [[ $percent > $limit]];then

mark=y

break

fi

done

if [ $mark != 'n' ];then

df -h > $tempfile

mail -s "Disk Usage Over than $limit on `hostname`" < $tempfile

rm -rf $tempfile
fi

# 监控表空间空闲表空间(chk_tbs_free.sh)
#==================================================================================
# 监控空闲表空间，当空闲表空间低于20%时，发送邮件通知管理员
#==================================================================================

#! /bin/bash

su - oracle > /dev/null << EOF
sqlplus -s /nolog
conn / as sysdba
set feedback off
set heading off
set verify off
set pagesize 0
set linesize 200

spool tbsfree.alert

select t.tablespace_name,f.free_space/t.total_space from
(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) total_space from
dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) t,
(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) free_space from
dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) f
where t.tablespace_name=f.tablespace_name and f.free_space/t.total_space < 0.20
/

spool off

exit

EOF

if [ `cat tbsfree.alert|wc -l` -gt 0 ];then

cat tbsfree.alert|mail -s "No Free Space in Oracle db" dba@https://www.360docs.net/doc/e19839347.html,

rm -rf tbsfree.alert

fi


# 全库冷备份(full_cold_backup.sh)
# =================================================================================
# 数据库打开时，自动生成备份脚本。然后关闭数据库，对控制文件，数据文件，重做日志文件，
# 初始化参数文件及口令文件做冷备，完成后打开数据库。
# =================================================================================

#! /bin/bash

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile

backup_dir=/disk01/backup/coldbak

log_file=/disk01/backup/coldbak/cold_backup_$ORACLE_SID.log

echo 'Begin Cold Backup>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >> $log_file

date >> $log_file

su - oracle > /dev/null << EOF

sqlplus -s /nolog

conn / as sysdba

set feedback off heading off pagesize 0 line 1000

spool file_copy_$ORACLE_SID.sh

select 'cp ' || name || ' $backup_dir/' from v$controlfile;

select 'cp' || file_name || ' $backup_dir/' from dba_data_files;

select 'cp' || member || ' $backup_dir/' from v$logfile;

spool off

shutdown immediate

! bash file_copy_$ORACLE_SID.sh

startup

exit

EOF

if [ -e $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora ];then

cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora $backup_dir/

fi

if [ -e $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile$ORACLE_SID.ora ];then

cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile$ORACLE_SID.ora $backup_dir/

fi

if [ -e $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID ];then

cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID $backup_dir/

fi


echo 'Cold Backup Finished>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >>$log_file

date >> $log_file


# RMAN备份SHELL脚本(rman_backup.sh)
#===========================================================================
# 实现指定级别的增量备份，由用户传入备份级别参数，如果不指参数则进行0级备份
#==========

=================================================================

#! /bin/bash

. /home/oracle/.bash_profile

if [ $1 ];then

backup_level=$1

else

backup_level=0

fi

backup_user=sys

backup_user_pw=oracle

#catalog_user=rman

#catalog_user_pw=rman

log_file=/home/oracle/rman_backup.log

echo 'Begining rman backup >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >> $log_file

date >> $log_file

su - oracle >> $log_file << EOF

rman target $backup_user/$backup_user_pw
# catalog $catalog_user/$catalog_user_pw

backup incremental level = $backup_level database;

quit;

EOF

echo 'rman backup finished >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>' >> $log_file

date >> $log_file



# 逻辑备份SHELL脚本(schema_exp.sh)
#=========================================================================
# EXP对数据库schema对象进行备份，用户可以将需要备份的用户名做为参数传入SHELL脚本
#=========================================================================

#! /bin/bash

BAK_DIR=/disk01/backup/logical_bak/

log_file=/disk01/backup/logical_bak/user_full_bak.log

exp_par="userid=system/oracle buffer=10485760 owner=$1"

if [ $2 ];then

exp_par="$exp_par file=$2"

else

exp_par="$exp_par file="$BAK_DIR/$1_`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.dmp""

fi

echo "Begining User $1 Export ---------------------" >> $log_file

echo "Export with following parameters: $exp_par" >> $log_file

date >> $log_file

su - oracle -c "exp $exp_par" >> $log_file 2>&1

echo "Backup Finished ---------------------" >> $log_file

date >> $log_file