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拓展知识：中国的节日有哪些
中国法定节日有：
新年（１月１日，放假一天）；
春节（农历新年，除夕、正月初一、初二放假三天）；
国际劳动妇女节（３月８日，妇女放假半天）；
植树节（３月１２日）；
清明节（农历清明当日，放假一天）；
国际劳动节（５月１日，放假一天）；
中国青年节（５月４日，１４周岁以上的青年放假半天）；
端午节（农历端午当日，放假一天）；
国际护士节（５月１２日）；
儿童节（６月１日，不满１４周岁的少年儿童放假一天）；
中国共产党诞生纪念日（７月１日）；
中国人民解放军建军纪念日（８月１日，现役军人放假半天）；
教师节（９月１０日）；
中秋节（农历中秋当日，放假一天）；
国庆节（１０月１日，放假三天）；
记者节（１１月８日）。
中国重大的传统节日有：
春节、元宵节、清明节、端午节、中秋节等。
此外，各少数民族也都保留着自己的传统节日，诸如傣族的泼水节、蒙古族的那达慕大会、彝族的火把节、瑶族的达努节、白族的三月街、壮族的歌圩、藏族的藏历年和望果节、苗族的跳花节等等。
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下午、晚上，都要用in，泛指一般的上、下午，晚上也用in 。 例Early in the morning of National Day，I got up to catch the first bus to the zoo．国庆节一清早，我便起床去赶到动物园的第一班公共汽车。 My father begins work at 8：00 in the morning and stops work at 4：00 in the afternoon．我父亲上午8 点上班，下午4 点下班。 ③于将来时态表示“过一段时间后”及表示“在……期间”和“在某个季节， 某年、某月”都用in。 例I hear he’ll be back in a month．我听说他将于一个月后回来。 In the course of the last lesson in French，little Franz was listening to the master very attentively．在那最后一堂法语课中，小弗朗兹非常用心地听着老师讲。 Xiao Ming was born in December of 2004. 小明生于2004 年12 月。 ④当morning，afternoon，evening 有前位定语或后置定语限定时，就不用in 而用on。 例on a hot (summer) noon 在一个炎热（夏天）的中午 on Monday morning 在星期一上午 on the morning of March 8th 在3 月8 日上午 ⑤表示某时某刻及在work，Christmas 前用at。 例We get up at eight o’clock．我们8 点起床。 My father are busily at work all day．我父亲整天忙于工作。 In western countries children get present from their parents at Christmas．在西方国家，孩子们在圣诞节得到父亲给的礼物。 【in】我是“大姐”，因为我后面所接的都是较长时间。具体用法有： 1．表示在较长的时间里（如周／月份／季节／年份／世纪等）。如：in a week； in May；in spring／summer／autumn／winter；in 2008；in the 1990’s等。 2．表示在上午、下午或晚上。如：in the morning／afternoon／evening。 3．in the daytime（在白天）属于固定搭配，指从日出到日落这一段时间，反义 词组是in the night。 4．“in＋一段时间”表示“多久以后／以内”，常与将来时连用。如：in half an hour；in ten minutes；in a few days 等。
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初中英语新课程改革主要包括哪些内容社会生活的信息化和经济的全球化，使英语的重要性日益突出。英语作为最重要的信息载体之一，已成为人类生活各个领域中使用最广泛的语言。许多国家在基础教育发展战略中，都把英语教育作为公民素质教育的重要组成部分，并将其摆在突出的地位。 改革开放以来，我国的英语教育规模不断扩大，教育教学取得了显著的成就。然而，英语教育的现状尚不能适应我国经济建设和社会发展的需要，与时代发展的要求还存在差距。此次英语课程改革的重点就是要改变英语课程过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授、忽视对学生实际语言运用能力的培养的倾向，强调课程从学生的学习兴趣。生活经验和认知水平出发，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务型的教学途径，发展学生的综合语言运用能力，使语言学习的过程成为学生形成积极的情感态度、主动思维和大胆实践、提高跨文化意识和形成自主学习能力的过程。 一、课程性质(1-9'ELA'1.1) 外语是基础教育阶段的必修课程，英语是外语课程中的主要语种之一。 英语课程的学习，既是学生通过英语学习和实践活动，逐步掌握英语知识和技能，提高语言实际运用能力的过程；又是他们磨砺意志、陶冶情操、拓展视野、丰富生活经历、开发思维能力、发展个性和提高人文素养的过程。 基础教育阶段英语课程的任务是：激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使学生树立自信心，养成良好的学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略，发展自主学习的能力和合作精神；使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和听、说、读、写技能，形成一定的综合语言运用能力；培养学生的观察、记忆、思维、想象能力和创新精神；帮助学生了解世界和中西方文化的差异，拓展视野，培养爱国主义精神，形成健康的人生观，为他们的终身学习和发展打下良好的基础。 二、基本理念(1-9'ELA'1.2) （一）面向全体学生，注重素质教育(1-9'ELA'1.2.1) 英语课程要面向全体学生，注重素质教育。课程特别强调要关注每个学生的情感，激发他们学习英语的兴趣，帮助他们建立学习的成就感和自信心，使他们在学习过程中发展综合语言运用能力，提高人文素养，增强实践能力，培养创新精神。 （二）整体设计目标，体现灵活开放(1-9'ELA'1.2.2) 基础教育阶段英语课程的目标是以学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识的发展为基础，培养学生英语综合语言运用能力。《全日制义务教育普通高级中学英语课程标准（实验稿）》（以下简称《标准》），将课程目标设定为九个级别并以学生"能够做某事"具体描述各级别的要求，这种设计旨在体现基础教育阶段学生能力发展循序渐进的过程和课程要求的有机衔接，保证国家英语课程标准的整体性、灵活性和开放性。 （三）突出学生主体，尊重个体差异(1-9'ELA'1.2.3) 学生的发展是英语课程的出发点和归宿。英语课程在目标设定。教学过程、课程评价和教学资源的开发等方面都突出以学生为主体的思想。课程实施应成为学生在教师指导下构建知识、提高技能、磨砺意志、活跃思维、展现个性、发展心智和拓展视野的过程。 （四）采用活动途径，倡导体验参与(1-9'ELA'1.2.4) 本课程倡导任务型的教学模式，让学生在教师的指导下，通过感知、体验、实践、参与和合作等方式，实现任务的目标，感受成功。在学习过程中进行情感和策略调整，以形成积极的学习态度，促进语言实际运用能力的提高。 （五）注重过程评价，促进学生发展(1-9'ELA'1.2.5)
初中英语基础知识(知识点)合集
初中英语语法大全 语法网络图 一．名词 I. II. 名词的数： 1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法
III. 名词的所有格： 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。 3. of所有格的用法： 用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book
用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed 二．冠词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I.
三．代词：I. II. 不定代词用法注意点：1. one, some 与any: 1) one 可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones 。some 多用于肯定句，any 多用于疑问句和否定句。 One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask. 2) some 可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。Would you like some bananas?Could you give me some money? 3) some 和any 修饰可数名词单数时，some 表示某个，any 表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any. 4) some 和数词连用表示“大约”，any 可与比较级连用表示程度。There are some 3,000 students in this school.Do you feel any better today?2. each 和every: each 强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every 强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。 Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points. @高途课堂
初中英语新课标解读
初中英语新课标解读 一、课程性质：英语课程的学习，既是学生通过英语学习和实践活动，逐步掌握英语知识和技能，提高语言实际运用能力的过程；又是他们磨砺意志、陶冶情操、拓展视野、丰富生活经历、开发思维能力、发展个性和提高人文素养的过程。《课程标准（2011年版）》首次明确提出了外语课程“具有工具性和人文性双重性质”的理念，指出：“工具性和人文性统一的英语课程有利于为学生的终身发展奠定基础。” 二、基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标：是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础，文化意识是得体运用语言的保证。情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素，学习策略是提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力的保证。 三、仅仅让学生学习英语语言的符号系统是不够的，还要让学生通过听、说、读、写、译等方面的语言实践活动去学习、积累、应用英语、丰富情感，发展英语语言能力，培养良好的心理品质和思想道德品质。 教学建议： 1．建议学生坚持不懈，从不间断。每天至少看15-20 分钟的英语，早晨和晚上是学英语的最好时间。 2．方法要灵活多样。一种方式学厌了，可以变换其他的方式，以便
学而不厌。 3．上下相连，从不孤立。记忆英语要结合上下文，不要孤立的记单词和短语，要把握句中的用法。 4．熟记常用语，确保准确无误。把常用的交际用语背熟，熟能生巧。5．尽量用第一人称来记忆习惯用语和句型，以便记忆牢固。 6．多方位多角度来学英语。经常读报、听广播、看外语电影、听外语讲座、读课本和别人交谈等方式来练习英语。 7．敢于开口说英语，不要怕说错。只要敢说，就一定能学好。8．要创设情景，加强交际训练。语言的运用离不开场景的强化训练，只有交际，才能学好。 9．勤奋和持续坚持。.多背，课文范例，背得越多越好，越熟越好；大多数人学不好英语根本的原因是懒惰和三天打鱼两天晒网。10．把英语当成一门声音而不是文字来学。英语首先是一门声音，敢说，加入英语学习，天天说，大胆说，大声说，不怕错，错了及时纠正。
2016初三英语知识拓展训练试题
初三英语知识拓展训练试题 一、阅读理解（30分） A What will the car be like in the future? Maybe we can sit in a car that can drive itself. About 40 years ago, scientists from the United States started to develop self-driving cars (无人驾驶汽车). The most famous recent one was made by Google in 2009. There are cameras and radars (雷达) on the top of the car. They allow the computer in the car to draw a 3D map of the environment. Chinese scientists have also successfully developed a self-driving car. The car made a trip from Changsha to Wuhan. Is a self-driving car safe? A recent study shows that robots make safer drivers than humans. If only 10% of cars on the street are self-driving, they will save 1,000 lives (生命) every year. If 90% of vehicles (交通工具) are self-driving, 21,700 lives will be saved a year. However, a self-driving car is expensive and each costs about $100,000. So it is impossible to be very popular in the near future. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 ( )1. American scientists started to develop self-driving cars in 2009. ( )2. Cameras and computers are on the top of the self-driving car by Google. ( )3. In China, scientists have successfully developed a self-driving car. ( )4. The more self-driving cars there are on the street, the fewer traffic deaths there will be. ( )5. The self-driving cars will be very popular in the near future. B It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu (流感) that’s been going around? A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But it’s usually easy to deal with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week. On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919. Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗), it can stop you from getting the virus (病毒). Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small amount of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies should help you. The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one type of flu can’t help us against all types of flu. That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year. However, good health habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system (增强免疫系统). ()6. If you have a common cold, usually you’ll feel better after ________. A. a week B. two weeks C. ten days D. twenty days （）7. According to the passage, which is TRUE of the flu? A. It first happened in 1919． B. It usually doe sn’t give you fever. C. It is easy to deal with． D. It can kill people sometimes.