终止性动词的用法(学生用)

延续性动词和终止性动词

一、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念

英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy等。

二、延续性动词的用法特征

1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。

2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如：It rained at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：

-When did you get to know Jack?

-Two years ago.

-Then you've known each other for more than two years.

-That's right.

三、终止性动词的用法特征

1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：

The train has arrived.火车到了。

Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了吗？

2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。

如：

(1)他死了三年了。

误：He has died for three years.（×）

正：

正：He died three years ago.

正：It is three years since he died.

正：

(2)他来这儿五天了。

误：He has come here for five days.（×）

正：He has been here for five days.

正：He came here five days ago.

正：It is five days since he came here.

正：Five days has passed since he came here.

(1)、(2)句中的die、come为终止性动词，不能与表示"段时间"的状语连用。那么，应如何正确表达呢？

可以采用下面的四种方法：

如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：

leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have, begin/start→be on, die→be dead, m ove to→live in, finish→be over, join→be in/be a member of,

open sth.→keep sth. open,fall ill→be ill, get up→be up, catch a cold→have a cold。

3.终止性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：

He hasn't left here since 1986.

I haven't heard from my father for two weeks.

4.终止性动词的否定式与until/till连用，构成"not+终止性动词+until/till ..."的句型，意为"直到……才……"。如：

You can't leave here until I arrive.直到我到了，你才能离开这里。

I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.今天晚上直到我画完画，我才上床睡觉。

5.终止性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。when

表示的时间是"点时间"(从句谓语动词用终止性动词)，也可以是"段时间"(从句谓语动词用延续性动词)。而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程，从句谓语动词用延续性动词。如：

When we reached London, it was twelve o'clock. (reach为终止性动词)

Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away为延续性动词短语)

6.终止性动词完成时不可与how long连用(只限于肯定式)。如：

误：How long have you come here?

正：How long have you been here?

正：When did you come here?

延继性动词和终止性动词巩固练习

1. When Henry arrived at the bus stop, the bus ______ for two hours.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

2. I ______ the League for five years so far.

A. joined

B. have joined

C. have been in

D. join

3. The factory ______ since the February of 1995.

A. has been open

B. has opened

C. was open

D. opened

4. Mary and Rose ______ friends since they met in London in 1998.

A. have made

B. have been

C. made

D. have become

5. You mustn't ______ until he comes back.

A. be away

B. leave

C. be left

D. have been

6. The meeting ______ for a week now.

A. has finished

B. has ended

C. has been over

D. has been in

7. Miss Gao______ this school since 1996.

A. has come to

B. came to

C. has taught

D. has been in

8. Ben ______ a teacher for nearly three years.

A. has been

B. has become

C. was

D. became

9. I ______ home for a week up to now.

A. have returned

B. have been back

C. returned

D. were

10. How long ________ Mr Smith ________?

A. did; die

B. was; dead

C. was; dying

D. has; been dead

11. When I ______ in Beijing, it was raining hard.

A. got

B. reached

C. arrived

D. was

12. Tom ______ the car for two months.

A. has had

B. bought

C. has bought

D. had got

13. -How long ______ you ______?-Two weeks.

A. did; all ill

B. have; fallen ill

C. were; ill

D. have; been ill

14. Since 1942 he ______ his hometown.

A. has left

B. has moved away from

C. has been away from

D. moved away from

15. I'll lend you the bike, but you can only ______ it for two days.

A. borrow

B. lend

C. keep

D. take

16. The bus ______ on the road for an hour.

A. has stopped

B. stopped

C. is stopping

D. has been

17. Are you ______ the jacket these days?

A. wearing

B. putting on

C. dressing

D. pulling on

情态动词表推测用法总结及专项练习

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Why does he know this? Can [Could] someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道? 会是哪个人告诉他了吗? (3) “could+完成式”除表示对过去的推测外，还有以下重要用法： ①表示过去没有实现的可能性，常译为“本来可以”。如： I could have lent you the money．Why didn’t you ask me? 我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。你为什么不向我提出? ②用来委婉地责备某人过去应该做某事而没有去做，常译为“本来应该”。如： You could have helped him. 你本来应该帮助他的。 ③表示“差点儿就要”。如： I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。 2. may / might用于表推测的用法表示推测，两者都可用，只是might 比may 语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。 (1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。如： He may [might] know the answer. 他可能知道答案。

英语动词用法总结(完整)

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(完整版)小学英语时态总结

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常见的终止性动词与延续性动词的转换有

常见的终止性动词与延续性动词的转换有 Revised by Petrel at 2021

常见的终止性动词与延续性动词的转换有come→behere，begin／start→beon，borrow→keep，buy→have，die→bedead，end／finish→beover，getup→beup，go(get)out→beout， fallasleep→beasleep,leave→beawayfrom,join→bein／beamemberof， puton→wear，catchacold→haveacold等。延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave---beaway,borrow---keep,buy---have,begin/start---beon,die---bedead,finish---beover,join---bein+组织机构,beamemberof+组织机构,opensth---keepsthopen,fallill---beill,getup--- beup,catchacold---haveacold,comehere---behere,gothere---bethere,become--- be,comeback---beback,fallasleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in),leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know,go(get)out→beout，puton→wear； catchacold→haveacold等。 leave---beaway,borrow?---keep, buy---have, begin/start---beon, die---bedead,finish---beover, join---be?in+组织机构, beamemberof+组织机构, open?sth---keepsthopen,fall?ill---beill, getup---beup,catchacold---haveacold, come?here---behere,go?there---bethere, become---be, come?back---beback, fall?asleep---beasleep,getto/arrive/reach---be(in), leave---beawayfrom,gettoknow---know, go(get)out→be?out， put?on→wear； catchacold →haveacold等。

小学英语助动词用法归纳

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为was, are的过去式为were,它与现在分词构成进行时态和过去分词一起构成被动语态。 a. 表示时态be+doing（现在分词）表示现在进行的动作 He is singing. 他正在唱歌。 b. 表示语态be+done(过去分词）表被动语态 He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。 c. be+to do（动词不定式）表示计划安排命令。 We are to plant trees next week. 下周我们将要去植树。 You are to explain this 。对此你要做出解释。二、do的用法 Do主要帮助实意动词构成否定和疑问句，后跟动词原形，有时放在实意动词前起强调作用，还可代替前文出现的动词，避免重复。Do 有人称和数的变化，第一、二人称及复数用do，第三人称及单数用does，过去式为did。 1）构成一般疑问句。DO +主语+动词原形+其他 I like singing 变为疑问句为Do you like singing ? 2）do + not 构成否定句。主语+do +not +动词原形。 I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评。 He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。 Many students didn’t know the importance of English before.过去好多学生不知道英语的重要性. 3)构成否定祈使句。

终止动词

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英语情态动词用法总结(完整)

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