(完整版)医学专业英语词汇——CombiningForm,词根,词缀

Common Prefixes

Number Prefixes

Common Suffixes

Surgical Suffixes

Procedural Suffixes

Combining Forms Commonly Used in Integumentary System Combining form Meaning Example

adip/o fat adipose

albin/o white albinism

caus/o burn, burning causalgia cutane/o skin subcutaneous derm/o skin epidermis dermat/o skin dermatitis disphor/o profuse sweating diaphoresis hidr/o sweat anhidrosis ichthy/o scaly, dry ichthyosis kerat/o hard, horny tissue keratosis

leuk/o white leukoplakia

lip/o fat lipoma

melan/o black melanocyte myc/o fungus dermatomycosis onych/o nail onycholysis

pil/o hair pilosebaceous rhytid/o wrinkle rhytidoplasty seb/o oil seborrhea

trich/o hair trichomycosis xanth/o yellow xanthoma Suffixes Commonly Used in This System

Suffix Meaning Example

-derma skin scleroderma

-opsy view of biopsy

-plakia a plate leukoplakia

-tome instrument used to cut dermatome

Combining Forms Commonly Used in Musculoskeletal System

Combining form Meaning Example

arthr/o joint arthrocentesis

articul/o joint articulation

burs/o sac bursitis

chondr/o cartilage chondroplasty

cost/o rib costectomy

crani/o skull craniotomy

myel/o bone marrow myelitis

orth/o straight orthopedics

oste/o bone osteoporosis

spondyl/o vertebra,backbone spondylarthritis

thorac/o chest thoracic

vertebr/o vertebra,backbone intervertebral

fasci/o fascia fasciorrhaphy

my/o muscle electromyogram

ten/o tendon tenodynia

tend/o tendon tendotomy

tendin/o tendon tendinitis

Suffixes Commonly Used in This System

Suffix Meaning Example

-kinesia movement dyskinesia

-porosis porous osteoporosis

-trophy development hypertrophy

-malacia abnormal softening osteomalacia Combining form Meaning Example

angi/o vessel angioplasty

aort/o aorta aortic stenosis

arter/o, arteri/o artery arteriosclerosis

ather/o yellowish plaque, fatty substance atherosclerosis

atri/o atrium, upper heart chamber atrioventricular

cardi/o heart cardiomyopathy cholesterol/o cholesterol hypercholesterolemia

corn/o heart coronary arteries cyan/o blue cyanosis

ox/o oxygen hypoxia

pericardi/o pericardium pericardiocentesis phleb/o vein phlebotomy rrhythm/o rhythm arrhythmia sphygm/o pulse sphygmomanometer steth/o chest stethoscope thromb/o clot thrombolysis valvul/o, valv/o valve valvuloplasty

vas/o vessel vasoconstriction vascul/o vessel vascular

ven/o vein venous

ventricul/o ventricle, lower heart chamber ventriculotomy

Meaning Example Prefix

brady- slow bradycardia

tachy- fast tachycardia

Meaning Example Suffix

-manometer Instrument to measure pressure sphygmomanometer -ole small arteriole

-sclerosis hardening arteriosclerosis

-stenosis narrowing angiostenosis

-tension pressure hypotension

-ule small venule

Combining Forms Commonly Used in This System Combining form Meaning Example

adenoid/o adenoids adenoidectomy alveol/o alveolus; air sac alveolar

bronch/o bronchus bronchoscope bronchi/o bronchus bronchiectasis bronchiol/o bronchiole, small bronchiolitis

Bronchus

capn/o carbon dioxide acapnia

epiglott/o epiglottis epiglottitis

laryng/o larynx, voice box laryngospasm

lob/o lobe lobectomy

muc/o mucus mucus

nas/o nose nasopharynx

ox/o oxygen anoxia

pharyng/o pharynx pharyngeal tonsils pleur/o pleura pleurocentesis pneum/o air, lung pneumothorax pneumon/o

pulmon/o lung pulmonology

rhin/o nose rhinorrhagia

sinus/o sinus, cavity pansinusitis

spir/o breathing spirometer

tonsill/o tonsils tonsillectomy trache/o trachea, windpipe tracheotomy

thorac/o chest thoracalgia Suffixes Commonly Used in This System

Suffixes Meaning Example

-capnia carbon dioxide hypercapnia

-ectasis stretching out, dilatation, bronchiectasis

expansion

-emia blood condition hypoxemia

-oxia oxygen anoxia

-pnea breathing dyspnea

Chapter 7 Digestive system

Combining forms relating to the digestive system

Combining forms Meaning Example

an/o anus anus

append/o, appendic/o appendix appendectomy bucc/o cheek buccolabial

cec/o cecum ileocecal

cheil/o, labi/o lip cheilorrhaphy chol/e bile, gall cholelithiasis cholangi/o bile duct cholangiotomy cholecyst/o gallbladder cholecystogram choledoch/o common bile duct choledochectomy col/o, colon/o colon colectomy

dent/o, odont/o tooth orthodontics enter/o small intestine enteritis

gastr/o stomach gastrodynia gingiv/o gums gingivectomy gloss/o tongue hypoglossal hepat/o liver hepatitis

lapar/o abdomen laparotomy lingu/o tongue sublingual

lith/o stone lithotripsy

or/o mouth oropharynx palat/o palate palatine pancreat/o pancreas pancreatitis pharyng/o pharynx pharyngodynia proct/o anus and rectum proctoptosis

rect/o rectum rectalgia

sial/o salivary gland sialolith

stomat/o mouth stomatology

Suffixes relating to the digestive system

Suffix Meaning Example

-emisis vomit hematemesis

-lithiasis condition of stones cholelithiasis

-orexia appetite anorexia

-ostomy surgically creating an opening colostomy

-pepsia digestion dyspepsia

-phagia eat, swallow polyphagia

-prandial pertaing to a meal postprandial

-tripsy surgical crushing lithotripsy

Chapter 8 Urinary System

Combining form albumin/o

azot/o

cyst/o

glomerul/o glycos/o

lith/o

meat/o

nephr/o

noct/i

pyel/o

ren/o

ur/o

ureter/o

urethr/o

urin/o

vesic/o Meaning

albumin

nitrogen

bladder

glomerulus

sugar, glucose

stone

meatus

kidney

night

renal pelvis

kidney

urine

ureter, urinary tube

urethra

urine

bladder

Example

albuminuria

azotemia

cystitis

glomerulonephritis

glycosuria

lithotripsy

meatorrhaphy

nephromalacia

nocturia

pyelogram

renal transplant

uremia

ureterectasia

urethrostenosis

urinalysis

vesicorectal

Suffix Meaning Example

-lith stone nephrolith -ptosis drooping nephroptosis -tripsy surgical crushing lithotripsy -uria urine, urination hematuria

Chapter 9 Reproductive System Combining Forms Relating to the Reproductive System

Chapter 10 Endocrine System Word Building Relating to the Endocrine System

Chapter 11 Nervous System

Combining Forms Commonly Used in Nervous System

Combining Form Meaning Example

cephal/o head cephalalgia

cerebell/o cerebellum cerebellar cerebellitiis cerebr/o cerebrum cerebral cerebrospinal encephal/o brain encephalomalacia

gli/o glue glioneuroma

medull/o medulla medulloadrenal mening/o meninges meningitis

myelomeningocele meningi/o meninges meningioma

myel/o spinal cord poliomyelitis

narc/o stupor narcohypnosis

neur/o nerve neurectomy neuroma phas/o speech aphasia

poli/o gray matter polioencephalopathy pont/o pons pontocerebellar radicul/o nerve root radiculoneuritis thalam/o thalamus thalamocortical ventricul/o ventricle ventriculography Suffixes Commonly Used in Nervous System

Suffix Meaning Example

-algesia sensitivity to pain analgesia

-esthesia feeling, sensation anesthesia

-kinesia movement bradykinesia

-lepsy seizure narcolepsy

-paresis weakness hemiparesis

-phasia speech dysphasia

-plegia paralysis paraplegia

-sthenia strength myasthenia

-taxia muscle coordination ataxia

Chapter 12 Blood and the Lymphatic And Immune System Blood System

Combining form Meaning Example

agglutin/o clumping agglutinogenic chrom/o color chromosome coagul/o clotting anticoagulant erythr/o red erythroblastosis fibrin/o fibers, fibrous fibrinogen granul/o granules granulocytosis hem/o blood hemolysis hemat/o blood hematopoiesis leuk/o white leukemia morph/o shape morphology myel/o bone marrow myelomalacia phag/o eat, swallow phagocyte sanguin/o blood sanguinous thromb/o clot thrombosis Lymphatic and Immune System

Combining form Meaning Example

aden/o gland adenoma immun/o protection immunoglobulin lymph/o lymph lymphatic lymphaden/o lymph node lymphadenopathy lymphangi/o lymph vessel lymphangiogram splen/o spleen splenomegaly thym/o thymus thymectomy tonsill/o tonsils tonsillectomy

tox/o poison toxonosis Suffixes Commonly Used in Blood and Lymphatic and Immune System Blood System

Suffix Meaning Example

-apheresis removal, carry away plasmapheresis -cyte cell erythrocyte

erythrocytosis

-cytosis more than the normal

number of cells

-emia blood condition leukemia

-globin protein hemoglobin

hematocytopenia -penia abnormal decrease, too

few

-poiesis formation hematopoiesis

-stasis standing still hemostasis Lymphatic and Immune System

Suffix Meaning Example

-globulin protein immunoglobulin -phage eat, swallow macrophage