2021新高考英语状语从句高频考点精析

2021新高考英语状语从句高频考点精析
2021新高考英语状语从句高频考点精析

2021新高考英语状语从句高频考点精析

状语从句是英语学科考试必考方块,是英语语法学习中最琐碎的一个语法项目,其枝繁叶茂、重难点纷呈。今天,就和同学们一起来体会状语从句中的七个高频考点。

01 考查状语从句的时态

a.时间/条件状语从句的“主将从现”

即如果一个含有时间或条件状语从句的复合句所描述的事情在将来发生,那么就要求该句话主句的谓语用一般将来时,从句部分的谓语用一般现在时(来替代一般将来时)

*单项选择

Don’t worry, mom. I will make a call you up immediately I ____at the school.

A.will arrive

B.arrive

C. arrived

D.am arriving

*短文改错

You are certain to achieve your goals so long as you will wok hard.

解析:so long as引导条件状语从句,从句中本来用一般将来时,必须要用一般现在时替代。故将will work改成work.

You are certain to achieve your goals so long as you work hard.√

b.专门用于描述过去先后两个动作的“一...就...”

即公式no sooner +had done +than +did

及hardly/scarcely +had done +when +did

*单项选择

Yesterday, I had hardly left home ___it rained.

A.when

B.then

C.than

D.while

*短文改错

No sooner has the game started than it rained heavily.

解析:本句话意思是,比赛刚开始,天就下起大雨来。描述发生于过去的先后两个动作,前动作用had done, 后动作用did.因为下雨是过去,开始比赛是更过去,故而用ha done.故将has改成had.

No sooner had the game started than it rained heavily.√

02 考查状语从句引导词when的特殊用法

a.在时间状语从句中用作“此时”

公式

sb. was/were doing ... when ...

某人(当时)正在做...此时...

sb. was/were about to do ... when ...

某人正要做...此时...

sb. had just done ... when ...

某人刚做完...此时...

*单项选择

Last night, I ____TV when it rained cats and dogs.

A.watched

B.would watch

C.was watching

D.have watched

*短文改错

On Sunday afternoon, I was doing my homework while the door bell rang.解析:本句话意思是,周日下午,我正在做家庭作业此时门铃响了。这里表示此时的单词是when,而不是whie. 故将while改成when.

On Sunday afternoon, I was doing my homework when the door bell rang.√

b.在让步状语从句中用作“虽然,尽管”

*单项选择

Why does she steal things _____she could easily afford to buy them?

A.or

B.because

C.unless

D.when

解析:本句话意思是,虽然她完全买得起,为什么还要偷东西呢?03 区别使用结果状语从句中的“如此...,以致...”

即区别so... that...与such... that...

*知识回顾

◎当“如此...以致...”主句中的中心名词为可数名词单数时,用so/such均可,但位置不同.

Mike is so nice a boy that we all like him.

Mike is such a nice boy that we all like him.

解析:so 是副词,修饰形容词nice, 故靠近nice;such是形容词,修饰名词a boy,故靠近 a boy.

◎当“如此...以致...”主句子中的中心名词为可数名词复数或不可数名词时,用such.

They are such nice girls that we all like them.

Mom prepares such yummy food that I really enjoy it.

◎当“如此...以致...”主句中无中心名词、只有形容词或副词时,用so.

It is so hot today that I hate to get out of the house.

Lee runs so quickly that I can’t catch him.

◎当“如此...以致...”主句中的中心名词被“两多/两少(many, much, few, little)”修饰时,我们就忽略名词的存在,直接用so.

Mr. Carpenter has so much money that we just envy him.

There were so few students in the hall that we decided to call off the speech.

*短文改错

Learning driving is such difficult a task that I want to give it up.

解析:本句话话主句的中心名词是可数名词单数a task. 形容词difficult靠前,应该用副词so修饰。故将such改成so.

Learning driving is so difficult a task that I want to give it up.√

04 考查as引导让步状语从句时的倒装用法

*单项选择

Young ____he is, he knows much about the world.

A.as

B.before

C.but

D.when

解析:as引导让步状语从句,句子倒装,即要求将从句的最后一个词甩到句首,放在as之前。答案选A.

05 考查though放于句末,译作“但是,尽管”

*单项选择

Racing cars sounds like a lot of fun. It’s extremely risky ____.

A.however

B.in case

C.though

D.the instant

解析:本句话译为,赛车听起来很刺激有趣,但实际上极其危险。放于句末的表示“但是”,用though.

06 考查as if/as though引导让步状语从句的真实与虚拟

*知识回顾

a.如果as if引导的方式状语从句部分所言与事实相符,用陈述语气The boy looked around as if he was searching for something.

b. 如果as if引导的方式状语从句部分所言与事实不相符,用虚拟语气

The lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.

*短文改错

The lady looks as if she is ten years younger.

解析:本句话译为,这位女士看上去比她实际年龄小10岁。很显然,本句话说得与事实不符,是虚拟。虚拟语气就是在本来该用的时态基础上,再向过去跳一个时态。be动词的对现在的虚拟本来用was, 但虚拟语气规定,但凡用was的地方,必须用were替代。故本句答案是,将is改为were.

The lady looks as if she were ten years younger.√

07 考查状语从句的省略

*单项选择

While ____ alone in the street, I heard something strange.

A.walk

B.walked

C.to walk

D.walking

解析:该句话完整形式为:

While (I was) walking alone in the street, I heard something strange.

其中从句主语和主句主语一致(都是I),时间状语从句中包含"sb.+be",状语从句中的 "sb.+be" 可以整体省略。故答案选D.

*短文改错

It’s quite a formal occasion, so don’t speak until speaking to.

解析:该句话完整形式为:

It’s quite a formal occasion, so don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.

时间状语从句中包含 "sb.+be",状语从句中的 "sb.+be" 可以整体省略。故将speaking改为spoken.

It’s quite a formal occasion, so don’t speak until spoken to.√

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