英语连词的显性和隐性语法教学

英语连词的显性和隐性语法教学
英语连词的显性和隐性语法教学

英语连词的显性和隐性语法教学

【摘要】近年来,英语教学中一直存在着隐性教学法和显性教学法这两种完全不同的教学方法。因此,在连词的教与学过程中,将隐性显性教学相结合,是一项值得尝试的教学方法。

【关键词】连词;隐性教学;显性教学

1 引言

大学英语教学一直以来备受学者关注,不同的学者提倡不同的教学模式,其中一些学者把一些教学模式分为显性教学和隐性教学。显性教学方法是指在教学过程中让学习者明确注意要学习的内容,如语法翻译法。隐性教学方法是指以意义为导向的教学,教学过程中不明确列出要学习的东西,如通过泛读加大语言输人,听说法,交际法等。英语连词作为一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,在句子中不能单独作句子成分。对于教师来说,在教学活动中,需要将隐性和显性的教学方法相结合的方法来传授英语连词知识。

2 显性隐性语法教学

2.1 显性语法教学

Ellis(1994)提到,显性教学是:“给学习者语法规则,然后加以练习”。也就是说,显性教学是以正式的陈述来学习语法规则,是通过学习语法规则来掌握英语知识,侧重于教师对语法的直接讲解。在进行显性教学时,教师往往会直接对英语语法的结构特点进行讲解,然后再要求学生进行语法知识的句型训练。

从学习英语环境来看,显性法在语法学习中十分必要。鲁子问教授曾做过这样的总结:英语在中国是一门外语而非第二语言,第二语言是在语言习得环境中学习,而外语是在语言学习环境中学习,主要是在课堂上学习。也就是说,由于我们缺乏习得英语的环境,所以必须通过掌握语法规则来指导自己理解语法系统的规律性和英语的特点。

2.2 隐性语法教学

隐性语法教学指的是强调学生学习语法时必须通过情景才能自然地习得语法的教学法,主要采取归纳的思维方法,通过对语言交际性运用归纳出语法规则。学习者主要通过情景接触英语,它以交际教学法为代表,强调语法学习中的无意识性、抽象性和自动性。

Ellis(1994)提到隐性教学是“学习者从所给的例子中归纳出语法规则”。W initz也指出,隐性教学是指“通过接触英语,学习者理解语法和句法”,即指在英语教学的过程中,通过一定的教学情景让学生在亲身体验中感受语言,从而归纳

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2. 要注意从句中第一/三人称的过去式was用were代替。 例如:If I were invited, I would come. If she were not ill, she could do a lot of things. 3. if条件句中如谓语动词是were, had, should, could时,可以省略if, 把它们前置。

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