数学建模美赛须知

美国大学生数学建模竞赛资料

加强数学建模综合能力培养——数学中国2008年美赛工作总结

加强数学建模综合能力培养

——数学中国2008年美赛工作总结华晓帅(数学中国网站CEO)马壮(数学中国网站站长)2008年2月15日——2月19日,美国大学生数学建模竞赛与美国大学生交叉学科数学建模竞赛如期举行,作为中国最大的数学建模交流基地“数学中国”来讲,与参加美赛的中国内地同学共同度过了四天四夜。对于本次竞赛,数学中国网站作了以下的总结。希望能同大家交流一下比赛经验。

一、保持新闻的敏感度:

在每次举办国内外数学建模竞赛之前,我们数学中国都事先做好心理准备,压一下比赛题目。在春节前,数学中国论坛发表了《2008年数学建模十大热门研究课题》,第一个研究课题便压中了美赛的A题。当然这里不是教大家如何猜题目。我们想告诉大家要多关心国内外的时事、政治、经济。为什么这样讲呢?道理很简单,学习数学建模,参加竞赛的最终目的不是拿奖,而是为了掌握一门社会科学技能。大家学习数学建模后,可以用数学的眼光看问题。

比如说这次的A题,2007年2月联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)发表了第四次评估报告,在国际上引起了轩然大波。报告预测指出,从人类工业时代开始到2100年,全球平均气温的“最可能升高幅度”是1.8至4℃,海平面升高幅度是19至58厘米,北冰洋的海冰将在本世纪后半段融化消失。这个报告引出的问题很多,事实也得到了验证。比如2007年至2008年的冬天,我们国家遭受了50年不遇的特大雪灾,美国南部又一次遭遇了飓风。有证据显示这些都可能是由全球气候变暖引发的极端恶劣天气。全球气候变暖考察的问题很多,A题选取了一个佛州的例子,意在让全球气候变暖得到大家足够的重视。当然所有的时事不可能在一次竞赛里全部体现出来。但是当大家看新闻的时候,应该多思考一下如何使用数学模型来处理新闻热点中提到的问题,经常和队员交流一下思路,增强对新闻的敏感度,提高对数学建模的应用能力。

我们数学中国论坛将在近期成立“数学建模研究组”(暂定名称)。主题是用“数学的眼光”看时事。届时有兴趣培养“敏感度”的同学,不妨同我们共同探讨一下。

二、资料、数据收集能力的培养:

在本次竞赛中,国内参赛学生在资料收集上吃了很大的亏,因为2008年MCM-A题和ICM都是需要同学自己收集整理资料及数据。然而根据我们网站上的同学反馈统计,大家对A、C两题数据、资料的收集占去了1/3时间。更有

甚者,最后一天还在论坛及QQ群上求助数据共享。在数据收集上,我们数学中国为同学做了大量的工作,并及时通过本站的专用即时通讯工具MCQ和QQ通知了参赛会员,但是能力有限,仍不能满足大家的需求。今后我们将着重在这方面制作一些专题视屏培训教程,希望对以后参加竞赛的同学有所帮助。

“工欲善其事,必先利其器”。国内的同学有必要在互联网知识及硬件基础上下一番功夫。ICM题目刚出来的时候,就有同学反应竞赛题目提供的第二个网址上不去。由于国内互联网屏蔽了“wiki”网站,需要通过代理才能够访问,大家对代理的知识很模糊,所以作ICM题的时候,大家都缺少了一个重要信息来源。同时我们网站又是电信服务器,而大多数北方高校都是用的网通的宽带,这也造成我们提供的重要信息无法获得。

另外,在这里指出保持数据、资料真实的重要性。由于去年竞赛发生了国内特等奖被取消事件,今年竞赛官方在规则及题目中也多次强调这个问题。但是我们发现还是有不少同学,在无法找到数据的情况下,编造了A题的多项数据,这种做法等于学术作假,这样的论文也不会被评审委员会采纳。所以在今后的竞赛中,大家要避免发生类似的事情,这样不仅欺骗了论文的评审,也欺骗了自己。

三、竞赛准备工作须做好:

我们数学中国虽然在赛前,准备了大量的美赛辅导材料,及时地帮助大家积极备战,但是却忽视了同学的竞赛准备工作。据我们网站了解,今年竞赛大约有60%的学生为第一次参加,对美赛一无所知。这样就造成比赛期间闹了不少笑话,这是我们工作上的失误。在这里我们总结了以下几点,希望对以后参加美赛的同学有所帮助。这也算是亡羊补牢吧。

1)竞赛时间确定:由于大多学生第一次参赛,对竞赛时间不了解。有些学生在2月14日晚上就在等赛题,在竞赛快结束的几个小时内还在问是不是明天才交卷。由于中国与美国地理位置属于东西两个半球,北京时间比美国东部时间快13个小时,所以美国比赛时间为2月14日晚上8点整,北京时间则为2月15日早晨9点整。比赛结束时间为北京时间2月19日早晨9点整。以后比赛只要在美赛时间上加13个小时即可。

2)仔细阅读竞赛规则:我们数学中国网站每年在竞赛报名开始时,都会将竞赛规则翻译出来,供大家参考。特别是今年由于07年竞赛发生了特等奖取消事件,规则有了新的变化。我们也将变化内容及时发布到了数学中国论坛的美赛板块。在竞赛报名期间要仔细阅读相关内容。美赛的参赛帮助对于所有的比赛流程问题都有说明,特别是最后关于如何准备邮包的问题说得十分详细。

3)论文格式及排版:我们每年都会在竞赛的时候发布论文LATEX排版格式。对于习惯用WORD编辑的同学可以在竞赛前访问我们提供的国外大学数学建模网站提供的优秀论文原版,对照编辑。这里建议大家学习使用LATEX软件,因为该软件对于数学公式的输入非常方便,而且格式非常标准,避免了在论文排版

上花费大量时间的问题

4)常备一些文献数据资料网址:这个是在竞赛期间有效的节省时间,快速的搜索相关的资料。我们在论坛里开设了学术期刊账号版块(其内容都是网上搜集),大家在竞赛前多找一些国外大学图书馆的网站,里面有大量的科技文献电子资源库,以备竞赛期间使用。特别是今年的B题,我们可以从国外的文献数据库中找到很多相关的论文,特别是针对该问题的一些方面已有论文进行过研究,还有针对该问题的专门英文论坛,如果大家能够及时发现会节省很多解题的时间。

5)制定竞赛时间表:在竞赛准备期间,准备二到三次模拟,总结一下自己小组在竞赛各个阶段所需要的时间,制定一套科学的作息时间表,按照时间表,严格执行,切忌在第一天熬夜作战。每人每天至少保证7个小时的睡眠时间。美国的朋友在头天晚上基本上是大家讨论做题的思路,制定一个总体的规划(他们是晚上开始竞赛的),然后就集体睡觉。第二天才正式开始解题。

6)常备一些文件格式读取软件:今年我们收集的数据资料,它们的文件格式各有不同,如“.NC”、“.LST”、“.ISO”等等,这些都需要特定软件读取,在模拟竞赛期间,大家在找资料的同时,多了解一些相关格式文件的读取软件,以备竞赛期间使用。

7)擅用百度、GOOGLE等搜索网站:百度、GOOGLE都有高级搜索模式,里面含有文件搜索、地区搜索等内容。百度有“知道”、“百科”功能,一些问题可以在百度“知道”、“百科”里面查找答案;GOOGLE有专门的在线翻译网页以及地图网页,这两个网站是竞赛查找资料的必备工具。

8)重新认识数学中国:我们数学中国包括有矩阵学院(数学类相关书籍)、网络教学(数学建模辅导视频)、矩阵论坛(丰富的资源及重要信息),这些对于参加美赛的同学来说有很大帮助。在竞赛准备期间,多上网站看看浏览些自己感兴趣的内容,有助于对数学建模的掌握。(由于我们网站是电信服务器,所以有条件的同学接入电信宽带或使用本站推荐的凤凰网关访问)

9)多看些英文学术论文,多用英文练笔:我们论坛提供了许多国外大学的电子图书馆账号,里面含有大量的科技文献,多读一些有关的论文,提高自己的阅读能力。今年美赛的三个题目都可以在网上找到大量的英文文献,快速从这些文献中找到自己想要的东西是能否取得好成绩的关键。同时养成论文尽量用英文来写作的习惯,不要用中文写完再翻译,写完之后请英语老师查看语病并及时更正。

四、阅读能力有待提高:

本次竞赛,我们数学中国站长马壮老师,在开始两个小时内将三道题目进行了翻译。但是由于时间匆忙,在B题的翻译上一词“metrics”产生了两种异议,一为矩阵、二为标准。后来经我们网站管理人员的重新校对并讨论,确定为标准

更为贴切,而后我们及时更正了译文。产生译文错误的主要原因是对于题目的理解不恰当,这一点也提示我们在以后的美赛中要更加小心。

不少作A题的同学迫不及待地查找佛州海平面历年的变化高度,想通过海平面的变化来预测未来50年的变化趋势。如果不看题目,这个思路是正确的。但是只要认真的阅读题目,大家就会知道这个问题必须先研究“因”,再研究“果”。题目的第一句说的很清楚:研究一下由于全球气温升高造成的北极冰帽融化对大陆的影响。“因”是全球气候变暖,北冰洋冰帽融化,“果”是海平面上升,对大陆影响。当然“果”还有很多,洋流变冷,气候异常,极端天气出现等等。所以我们在得知大家理解题目错误的情况下,及时发表了数学中国对A题目的观点:(以下是我站观点,仅供参考,与官方观点无关)

A题主要解决气候变暖与冰洋融化之间(温室气体排放量与融化速度之间的关系)、北冰洋融化与大陆影响(以目前的融化趋势,预测佛州几个大城市将在什么时候毁灭,或者50年内佛州的受灾程度)之间关系模型:大陆影响主要有:海平面上升、恶劣气候(飓风)、大西洋暖流变冷等情况。以佛洲为例,考虑佛州几个重要城市的地理位置,指出减缓温室气体排放及减缓北冰洋融化速度对海平面上升、恶劣气候等的作用。

其实我们不想将我们的思路告诉大家,原因是我们只是提供一种解题思路,不想扼杀大家的创造性,同时有可能误导大家解题。但是在这里希望大家在竞赛的时候多读几遍题目,分析题目的每个词,指出他们的引申含义。只有全面的理解题目,才能确定思路,不要一开始盲目确定。

五、编程能力及阅读源代码能力:

根据美赛这些年的发展趋势来看,对于编程能力的要求也在逐渐提高。特别是今年的B题,很多参赛的同学感觉它比较像一道ACM的比赛题目,确实是这样。这道题目对于编程能力要求很高,虽然我们在论坛里面发布了一些求解和“生成数独问题”的源代码,但是仍有很多网友不能直接使用,原因就是很多网友的编程能力还停留在只能使用已学过的一、两种编程语言,还不具备将编程融会贯通,快速学习一种新语言的能力。希望以后大家在备战阶段多进行一些这方面的训练,虽然不必要太强的写程序的能力,但也要在读程序和分析程序上下足功夫。

六、善于总结经验:

成功的参加一次竞赛不是以获奖等级来判定,而是以你是否认真总结这次竞赛的经验和教训。本次竞赛我们总结了网站的一些不足之处,这样为下次竞赛做好准备,避免在同一地方犯错。同样作为参加美赛的同学来讲,在竞赛后我们希望大家能够认真地总结自己得到了什么、在哪些方面还有不足之处。将这些经验和教训作为下次参赛或者是遇到问题时的解题良方,这样我们认为你已经在下次竞赛中成功了一半。

另外我们网站从即日起开始征集大家的参赛论文,并在适当时候公布这些论文,

大家也许对自己的参赛有些不满意,在赛后不妨看看其他参赛者的论文,深入讨论一下,相互学习。对以后的学习会有一定的帮助!

[推荐]美国大学生数学建模竞赛评审流程及评审侧重点

本帖来自:数学中国作者: huashi3483 日期: 2007-11-7 10:20 您是本帖第10619个浏览者

美国, 数学建模, 侧重点, 流程, 大学生

数学中国根据官方出版的杂志所做,若无我站授权,请勿转载,否则我们将追究其法律责任!

美国赛虽未这样具体明确地指出评审原则,但从其大量评述文章中可以看出假设和合理性、建模的创造性和文字表述的清晰程度也是其重要标准,只是没有一篇评述文章强调结果的正确性,反而有评委强调:由于所作的假设和建立的模型各不相同甚至相差较大,因此结果亦可能有相当大的差别。在其特等奖的论文中某些结果相差50 、100%甚至更大都有可能出现。

论文摘要的重要性,摘要应该简要的陈述问题、描述建模方法、叙述读者应该记住的重要结果和结论、提出直接针对问题的建议。一个可以用来评价摘要质量的好方法是;“如果某人只读了摘要而未读报告的其余部分,他能大概知道问题是什么、我们做了什么、我们的结论是什么以及我们的建议是什么吗?”在浏览出评时大多数评委只阅读摘要内容而判定其论文是否晋级。

MCM/ICM的评述认为“合理的假设”主要作用是简化问题以便在有限的时间内能应用参赛者所学知识产生解决方案、提供某些必须而在竞赛时间内又无法采集到的信息,需要对假设的合理、必要和实际影响进行清晰的描述,还应该对其进行灵敏度分析,对假设引起的模型的优缺点进行描述。

对于“文字表述的清晰程度”,MCM/ICM非常重视,甚至可以说有过之而无不及,MCM/ICM都以提升参赛者的写作能力为根本目的之一(另一个目的是为了提升参赛者的问题的解决能力)。

MCM/ICM特别强调对“建模的创造性”,在某些方面表现出很好创造性的论文即使出现比较大的错误亦有可能获得一等奖。其评审办法亦有利于创造性论文的发现(评分的评委有30—45分钟的时间阅读论文)。

MCM/ICM认为“模型的检验越多越好”。关于模型的检验,可以采用证明的方法,但更多的是对某些感兴趣的情形进行计算并分析结果、对重要参数的高中低水平进行计算并分析,考虑放松某些假设等。

MCM: The Mathematical Contest in Modeling

ICM: The Interdisciplinary Contest in Modeling

Contest Rules, Registration and Instructions

(All rules and instructions apply to both ICM and MCM contests, except where otherwise noted.)

To participate in a contest, each team must be sponsored by a faculty advisor from its institution.

Team Advisors:Please read these instructions carefully. It is your responsibility to make sure that teams are correctly registered and that all of the following steps required for participation in the contest are completed:

Please print a copy of these contest instructions for reference before, during, and after the contest. Click here for the printer friendly version.

I. BEFORE THE CONTEST BEGINS:

A. Registration

B. Choose your team members

II. AFTER THE CONTEST BEGINS:

A. View the contest problems via the contest web site

B. Choose a problem

C. Teams prepare solutions

D. Print Summary Sheet and Control Sheet

III. BEFORE THE CONTEST ENDS:

A. Send electronic copy of Solution Paper by email

IV. WHEN THE CONTEST ENDS:

A. Prepare Solution Packet

B. Mail Solution Packet

V. AFTER THE CONTEST IS OVER:

A. Confirm that your team’s solution was received

B. Check contest results

C. Certificates

D. Prizes

IMPORTANT NOTES:

?COMAP is the final arbiter of all rules and policies, and may disqualify or refuse to register any team that, in its sole discretion, does not follow these contest regulations and procedures.

?If a team is caught violating the rules, the faculty advisor will n ot be permitted to advise another team for one year, and the advisor’s institution will be put on probation for one year.

?If a team from the same institution is caught violating the rules a second time, then that school will not be allowed to compete for a period of at least one year.

?All times given in these instructions are in terms of Eastern Standard Time (EST).

(COMAP is located in the U.S. Eastern Time zone.)

I. BEFORE THE CONTEST BEGINS:

A. Registration

All teams must be registered before 2PM EST on Thursday, February 18, 2010. We recommend that all teams complete the registration process well in advance, since the registration system will not accept any new team registrations after the deadline. COMAP will not accept late registrations for MCM/ICM 2010 under any circumstances. NO EXCEPTIONS WILL BE MADE.

1.Register your team online via the contest web site: Go to

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,/undergraduate/contests/mcm.

a. If you are registering your first team for this year’s contest, click on

Register for 2010 Contest on the left-hand side of the screen.

Enter all the required information, including your email address and

contact information.

IMPORTANT: Be sure to use a valid and current email address so that

we can use it to contact you at any point before, during, and after the

contest, if necessary.

b. If you have already registered a team for this year’s contest and want to

register a second team, click on Advisor Login, then log in with the

same email address and password that you used when you registered your first team. Once you’re logged in, click on Register Another Team near the upper right corner of the page, then follow the instructions there.

Note:An advisor may register no more than two (2) teams. If you already registered two teams, the Register Another Team link will not appear. The system will not allow you to register more than two teams.

c. Although each advisor can register only two teams, there is no

restriction on the number of advisors or teams that can register from any particular institution or department.

2.Registration Fee

A $100 registration fee per team is required.

New for 2010: For an additional $100 fee per team, you can receive a Judges Commentary written specifica lly about your team’s paper.

We accept payment with Mastercard or Visa only via our secure web site.

We cannot accept other forms of payment. Our secure site will process your credit card payment, so your credit card number is protected. Our system will not store your credit card number after it processes your payment.

3.After we receive approval from your financial institution (this takes only a

few seconds), the system will issue a control number for your team. Your team is not officially registered until you have received a team control number. Print the page that displays your team control number: It is your only confirmation that your team has been registered. This page also lists the email address and password that you entered when registering;

you will need this information to complete the contest procedures.

You will NOT receive an email confirmation of your registration.

4.If you need to change any of the information (name, address,

contact information, etc.) that you specified when you registered, you can do so at any point before or during the contest by logging in to the contest web site with the same email address and password that you used when registering (click on the Advisor Login link on the left side of the screen).

Once logged in, click on the Edit Advisor or Institution Data link near the upper right corner of the page.

5.Check the contest web site regularly for any updated instructions or

announcements about the contest. Except in extreme circumstances, COMAP will not send any confirmation, reminders, or announcements by email. All communication regarding the contest will be via the contest web site.

6.You will return to the contest web site during the contest to enter and

confirm information about your team, and to print out your team’s Control

S heet and Summary Sheets, which you will use when preparing your team’s

solution packet. Details on these steps follow in the instructions below.

B. Choose your team members:

1.You must choose your team members before the contest begins at 8PM

EST on Thursday February 18, 2010. Once the contest begins you may

not add or change any team members (you may, however, remove a team

member, if he or she decides not to participate).

2.Each team may consist of a maximum of three students.

3.Each student may participate on only one team.

4.Team members must be enrolled in school at the time of the contest, but

they need not be full-time students. Team members must be enrolled at the

same school as the advisor and other team members.

5.

II. AFTER THE CONTEST BEGINS:

A. View the contest problems via the contest web site:

Teams can view the contest problems via the contest web site when the contest begins at 8PM EST on Thursday February 18, 2010:

1.The contest problems will become available precisely at 8PM EST on

Thursday February 18, 2010; team members can view them by visiting

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,/undergraduate/contests/mcm. No password will

be needed to view the problems; simply go to the contest web site at or after

8PM EST on Thursday, February 18, 2010and you will see a link to view

the problems.

2.If you cannot access our main web site at that time, go to our mirror site at

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,/mcm or click here. If you cannot access

either site, there may be a problem with your local Internet connection.

Contact your local Internet service provider to resolve the issue.

B. Choose a problem:

Each team must choose one problem according to the following rules: ?MCM teams must choose either Problem A or Problem B; an MCM team may submit a solution to only one of the problems. (MCM teams

should NOT choose Problem C.)

?ICM teams must choose Problem C. There is no choice for ICM teams.

(ICM teams should NOT choose Problem A or Problem B.)

C. Teams prepare solutions:

1.Teams may use any inanimate source of data or materials: computers,

software, references, web sites, books, etc. ALL SOURCES USED MUST

BE CREDITED. Failure to credit a source will result in a team being disqualified from the competition.

2.Team members may not seek help from or discuss the problem with their

advisor or anyone else, except other members of the same team. Input in any form from anyone other than student team members is strictly forbidden.

This includes email, telephone contact, and personal conversation, communication via web chat or other question-answer systems, or any other form of communication.

3.Partial solutions are acceptable. There is no passing or failing cut-off score,

and numerical scores will not be assigned. The MCM/ICM contest judges are primarily interested in the team’s approach and methods.

4.Summary Sheet:The summary is an essential part of your MCM/ICM

paper. The judges place considerable weight on the summary, and winning papers are often distinguished from other papers based on the quality of the summary.

To write a good summary, imagine that a reader will choose whether to read the body of the paper based on your summary: Your concise presentation in the summary should inspire a reader to learn about the details of your work.

Thus, a summary should clearly describe your approach to the problem and, most prominently, your most important conclusions. Summaries that are mere restatements of the contest problem, or are a cut-and-paste boilerplate from the Introduction are generally considered to be weak.

Each Summary Sheet should include:

?Restatement and clarification of the problem:State in your own words what you are going to do.

?Explain assumptions and rationale/justification:Emphasize the assumptions that bear on the problem. Clearly list all variables used in your model.

?Include your model design and justification for type model used or developed.

?Describe model testing and sensitivity analysis, including error analysis, etc.

?Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of your model or approach. 5.The judges will evaluate the quality of your writing in the Solution Paper:

?Conciseness and organization are extremely important.

?Key statements should present major ideas and results.

?Present a clarification or restatement of the problem, as appropriate.

?Present a clear exposition of all variables, assumptions, and hypotheses.

?Present an analysis of the problem, including the motivation or justification for the model that is used.

?Include a design of the model.

?Discuss how the model could be tested, including error analysis and stability (conditioning, sensitivity, etc.).

?Discuss any apparent strengths or weaknesses in your model or approach.

6.Papers must be typed and in English.

7.The solution must consist entirely of written text, and possibly figures,

charts, or other written material, on paper only. No non-paper support

materials such as computer files or disks will be accepted.

8.The Solution Paper must display the team control number and the

page number at the top of every page; for example, use the following

page header on each page:

Team # 321 Page 6 of 13

9.The names of the students, advisor, or institution should NOT appear on any

page of the solution. The solution should not contain any identifying

information other than the team control number.

10.Failure to adhere to any preparation rule is grounds for team

disqualification.

D. Print Summary Sheet and Control Sheet:

After the contest begins at 8PM EST on Thursday February 18, 2010, and while the teams are preparing their solutions, the advisor should:

1.Login to the contest web site (go to

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,/undergraduate/contests/mcm. Click on Advisor

Login, then enter your email address and password).

2.Enter the team member names and confirm that each name is spelled

correctly. This determines how the names will appear on the contest

certificates. COMAP will not make any changes or reprint certificates

for any reason.

3.Specify the problem that your team has chosen to solve.

4.Print one copy of the Control Sheet.

5.Print one copy of the team Summary Sheet.

6.

III. BEFORE THE CONTEST ENDS:

A. Send electronic copy of Solution Paper by email:

1.Each team is required to submit an electronic copy of its solution paper by

email to solutions@https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,. Any team member or the advisor may

submit this email.

a. Your email MUST be received at COMAP by the submission

deadline of 8PM EST on February 22, 2010.

b. Failure by a team to submit a solution via email by 8PM EST on

February 22, 2010 constitutes a violation of the contest rules and will

result in that team’s disqualification.

c.No further modifications, enhancements, additions, or improvements

may be made to the team’s solution paper after this email submission.

Each team’s electronic submission will be cross-checked for

consistency with their paper submission. Any changes to the paper

version will constitute a violation of the contest rules and may result in

disqualification.

2.In the subject line of your email write: COMAP and your team’s control

number. For example:

Subject: COMAP 2222

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,e your team’s control number as the name of your file attachments.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,AP will accept only an Adobe PDF or Microsoft Word file of your

solution. DO NOT include programs or software with your email as they

will not be used in the judging process. Limit one solution per email.

5.See the rules for submitting two (2) paper copies and CD via mail below.

6.

IV. WHEN THE CONTEST ENDS:

A. Prepare Solution Packet:

When the contest ends at 8PM EST on February 22, 2010:

1.Each team member must sign the Control Sheet to pledge that he or she

abided by the contest rules and instructions.

2.Make two copi es of your team’s Solution Paper.

3.Staple the Summary Sheet on top of one of the Solution Papers.

4.Staple the Control Sheet on top of the other copy of the Solution Paper.

5.Enclose an electronic copy (PDF or Word file) of your team’s Solution

Paper on a CD-ROM. Programs and software will not be used in the judging

process. DO NOT include them on the CD.

If you advise more than one team, please include both teams’ files on a

single CD-ROM and label it with contest, year, and both teams’ control

numbers.

Example:

Year Contest Control Numbers

2010 MCM/ICM 10004, 10005

B. Mail Solution Packet:

1.Mail your team’s complete Solution Packet to:

MCM/ICM Coordinator

COMAP, Inc.

175 Middlesex Turnpike., Suite 3B

Bedford, MA 01730

USA

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,AP must receive your Solution Packet via mail on or before Friday,

March 5, 2010. It is your responsibility to make sure that your team’s

Solution Packet arrives at COMAP by this deadline. Use registered or

express mail, if necessary, to insure that it arrives at COMAP by Friday

March 5, 2010.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,AP will not accept late solutions under any circumstances.

4.If you require confirmation that your paper was received by COMAP, send

the packet via a carrier that provides package tracking. Due to the number of

papers received, COMAP can not answer receipt inquiries or emails.

5.

V. AFTER THE CONTEST IS OVER:

A. Confirm that your team’s solution was received:

1.You may login to the contest web site using the Advisor Login link to

verify that your team’s Solution Packet was received at COMAP. After

mailing your Solution Packet, please allow several days for us to process

your packet before expecting to see this confirmation.

B. Check contest results:

1.Judging: Judging will be completed in March and the results will be posted

on April 15, 2010. The Solution Papers will be recognized as Unsuccessful

Participant, Successful Participant, Honorable Mention, Meritorious, or

Outstanding Winner.

2.We will post the contest results on the web site as soon as they are available,

so visit the contest web site regularly to check for updates. It will take

several weeks for the judges to evaluate the solutions and for COMAP to

process the results. Please do NOT call or email COMAP regarding contest

results.

C. Certificates:

After the results are issued, each successfully participating team will receive a certificate of participation. The certificate will be mailed or emailed to the advisor at the address used during the registration process. All international teams will receive ONLY an electronic (PDF) certificate. Please allow several weeks after the results are posted to the contest web site to receive your certificate.

D. Prizes:

?The Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) will designate an Outstanding team from each of the three problems as an INFORMS winner.

?The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) will designate one Outstanding team from each problem as a SIAM winner.

?The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) will designate one Outstanding team from each problem for the MCM as a MAA winner.

当我谈数学建模时我谈些什么——美赛一等奖经验总结

前言:2012年3月28号晚,我知道了美赛成绩,一等奖(Meritorious Winner),没有太多的喜悦,只是感觉释怀,一年以来的努力总算有了回报。从国赛遗憾丢掉国奖,到美赛一等,这一路走来太多的不易,感谢我的家人、队友以及朋友的支持,没有你们,我无以为继。这篇文章在美赛结束后就已经写好了,算是对自己建模心得体会的一个总结。现在成绩尘埃落定,我也有足够的自信把它贴出来,希望能够帮到各位对数模感兴趣的同学。 欢迎大家批评指正,欢迎与我交流,这样我们才都能进步。 个人背景:我2010年入学,所在的学校是广东省一所普通大学,今年大二,学工商管理专业,没学过编程。 学校组织参加过几届美赛,之前唯一的一个一等奖是三年前拿到的,那一队的主力师兄凭借这一奖项去了北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校,学运筹学。今年再次拿到一等奖,我创了两个校记录:一是第一个在大二拿到数模美赛一等奖,二是第一个在文科专业拿数模美赛一等奖。我的数模历程如下: 2011.4 校内赛三等奖 2011.8 通过选拔参加暑期国赛培训(学校之前不允许大一学生参加) 2011.9 国赛广东省二等奖 2011.11 电工杯三等奖 2012.2 美赛一等奖(Meritorious Winner) 动机:我参加数学建模的动机比较单纯,完全是出于兴趣。我的专业是工商管理,没有学过编程,觉得没必要学。我所感兴趣的是模型本身,它的思想,它的内涵,它的发展过程、它的适用问题等等。我希望通过学习模型,能够更好的去理解一些现象,了解其中蕴含的数学机理。数学模型中包含着一种简洁的哲学,深刻而迷人。 当然获得荣誉方面的动机可定也有,谁不想拿奖呢? 模型:数学模型的功能大致有三种:评价、优化、预测。几乎所有模型都是围绕这三种功能来做的。比如,今年美赛A题树叶分类属于评价模型,B题漂流露营安排则属于优化模型。对于不同功能的模型有不同的方法,例如评价模型方法有层次分析、模糊综合评价、熵值法等;优化模型方法有启发式算法(模拟退火、遗传算法等)、仿真方法(蒙特卡洛、元胞自动机等);预测模型方法有灰色预测、神经网络、马尔科夫链等。在数学中国网站上有许多关于这些方法的相关介绍与文献。 关于模型软件与书籍,这方面的文章很多,这里只做简单介绍。关于软件这三款已经足够:Matlab、SPSS、Lingo,学好一个即可(我只会用SPSS,另外两个队友会)。书籍方面,推荐三本,一本入门,一本进级,一本参考,这三本足够: 《数学模型》姜启源谢金星叶俊高等教育出版社 《数学建模方法与分析》Mark M. Meerschaert 机械工业出版社 《数学建模算法与程序》司守奎国防工业出版社 入门的《数学模型》看一遍即可,对数学模型有一个初步的认识与把握,国赛前看完这本再练习几篇文章就差不多了。另外,关于入门,韩中庚的《数学建模方法及其应用》也是不错的,两本书选一本阅读即可。如果参加美赛的话,进级的《数学建模方法与分析》要仔细研究,这本书写的非常好,可以算是所有数模书籍中最好的了,没有之一,建议大家去买一本。这本书中开篇指出的最优化模型五步方法非常不错,后面的方法介绍的动态模型与概率模型也非常到位。参考书目《数学建模算法与程序》详细的介绍了多种建模方法,适合用来理解

数学建模经验

数学建模经验 我参加了3次“深圳杯”数模,1次全国大学生数模,以及1次全国研究生数模,2016年参加了全国研究生数模的交流会,但没有参加过美赛,应该算是一个江湖老手了吧。下面内容算是得出的一些经验。 如果你是没有太多数模论文书写经历的小白,我觉得你要找一篇优秀论文对照下面的内容好好看一下。如果你是高手的话,就作为交流吧。 一、问题分析 1.假设的必要性。任何理论或者问题都是以必要的假设为前提的。假设可以使你考虑的问题变得简单,降低难度。只要假设是合理的,别人一般都会认同。另外,你的假设也表明你考虑问题比较周全。 2.问题的分析。这个太重要!你需要反复仔细的理解每一个小问题让你考虑什么,解决什么问题。其实,每一个小问题的内容里都对应着评卷的得分点! 3.数据分析。一般,数模给题目的同时也会提供一些数据。有的题目可能也会让你上网查数据。数据的话,首先是看数据元素之间的关联性;然后,数据有没有缺失,缺失数据如何处理,数据里有没有噪声(噪声需不需要处理),数据里的元素需不需要做归一化(这个归一化非常重要)。 二、论文书写 数学建模的论文一般分为以下几个部分:[背景概述](可选)、问题重述、模型假设、符号说明、问题分析、模型建立与求解、模型的总结与改进、参考文献、附录。 举个栗子,可以这样安排结构: 摘要 关键字 一、问题重述 二、模型假设 三、符号说明 四、问题1的分析及模型建立与求解 4.1 问题分析 这里,需要强调,很多人觉得问题分析就是把后面要建立的模型直接说一遍,但不是这样的!这个部分应该是当你刚刚拿到题,你分析问题的切入点是什么,使用哪些信息,大概用什么方法。即是:问题的主要矛盾+大概思路。 4.2 模型建立与求解

美赛数学建模比赛论文模板

The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule Summary As for the first question, it provides a traffic rule of keep right except to pass, requiring us to verify its effectiveness. Firstly, we define one kind of traffic rule different from the rule of the keep right in order to solve the problem clearly; then, we build a Cellular automaton model and a Nasch model by collecting massive data; next, we make full use of the numerical simulation according to several influence factors of traffic flow; At last, by lots of analysis of graph we obtain, we indicate a conclusion as follow: when vehicle density is lower than 0.15, the rule of lane speed control is more effective in terms of the factor of safe in the light traffic; when vehicle density is greater than 0.15, so the rule of keep right except passing is more effective In the heavy traffic. As for the second question, it requires us to testify that whether the conclusion we obtain in the first question is the same apply to the keep left rule. First of all, we build a stochastic multi-lane traffic model; from the view of the vehicle flow stress, we propose that the probability of moving to the right is 0.7and to the left otherwise by making full use of the Bernoulli process from the view of the ping-pong effect, the conclusion is that the choice of the changing lane is random. On the whole, the fundamental reason is the formation of the driving habit, so the conclusion is effective under the rule of keep left. As for the third question, it requires us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the result advised in the first question under the intelligent vehicle control system. Firstly, taking the speed limits into consideration, we build a microscopic traffic simulator model for traffic simulation purposes. Then, we implement a METANET model for prediction state with the use of the MPC traffic controller. Afterwards, we certify that the dynamic speed control measure can improve the traffic flow . Lastly neglecting the safe factor, combining the rule of keep right with the rule of dynamical speed control is the best solution to accelerate the traffic flow overall. Key words:Cellular automaton model Bernoulli process Microscopic traffic simulator model The MPC traffic control

2014年数学建模美赛题目原文及翻译

2014年数学建模美赛题目原文及翻译 作者:Ternence Zhang 转载注明出处:https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,/zhangtengyuan23 MCM原题PDF: https://www.360docs.net/doc/ee8072760.html,/detail/zhangty0223/6901271 PROBLEM A: The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule In countries where driving automobiles on the right is the rule (that is, USA, China and most other countries except for Great Britain, Australia, and some former British colonies), multi-lane freeways often employ a rule that requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle, in which case they move one lane to the left, pass, and return to their former travel lane. Build and analyze a mathematical model to analyze the performance of this rule in light and heavy traffic. You may wish to examine tradeoffs between traffic flow and safety, the role of under- or over-posted speed limits (that is, speed limits that are too low or too high), and/or other factors that may not be

数学建模美赛o奖论文

For office use only T1________________ T2________________ T3________________ T4________________ Team Control Number 55069 Problem Chosen A For office use only F1________________ F2________________ F3________________ F4________________ 2017 MCM/ICM Summary Sheet The Rehabilitation of the Kariba Dam Recently, the Institute of Risk Management of South Africa has just warned that the Kariba dam is in desperate need of rehabilitation, otherwise the whole dam would collapse, putting 3.5 million people at risk. Aimed to look for the best strategy with the three options listed to maintain the dam, we employ AHP model to filter factors and determine two most influential criteria, including potential costs and benefits. With the weight of each criterion worked out, our model demonstrates that option 3is the optimal choice. According to our choice, we are required to offer the recommendation as to the number and placement of the new dams. Regarding it as a set covering problem, we develop a multi-objective optimization model to minimize the number of smaller dams while improving the water resources management capacity. Applying TOPSIS evaluation method to get the demand of the electricity and water, we solve this problem with genetic algorithm and get an approximate optimal solution with 12 smaller dams and determine the location of them. Taking the strategy for modulating the water flow into account, we construct a joint operation of dam system to simulate the relationship among the smaller dams with genetic algorithm approach. We define four kinds of year based on the Kariba’s climate data of climate, namely, normal flow year, low flow year, high flow year and differential year. Finally, these statistics could help us simulate the water flow of each month in one year, then we obtain the water resources planning and modulating strategy. The sensitivity analysis of our model has pointed out that small alteration in our constraints (including removing an important city of the countries and changing the measurement of the economic development index etc.) affects the location of some of our dams slightly while the number of dams remains the same. Also we find that the output coefficient is not an important factor for joint operation of the dam system, for the reason that the discharge index and the capacity index would not change a lot with the output coefficient changing.

数学建模美赛参考文献

数学建模美赛参考文献 Since 1982, the official publication of the teaching of mathematical modeling contest, translations and guidance materials, and related with the mathematical modeling of mathematics experiment teaching material ( only according to statistics all told ): E. A. Bender, an introduction to mathematical model, Zhu Yaochen, Xu Weixuan translation, popular science press, 1982 Kondo Jiro, Miya Eiaki, et al, mathematical model, mechanical industry press, 1985 C. L. Daimler, E. S. Ai Wei, mathematical modeling principle, Ocean Press, 1985 Jiang Qiyuan, mathematical model, higher education press, 1987 Ren Shanqiang, mathematical model, Chongqing University press, 1987 M. Braun, C. S. Coleman, D. A. Drew, the differential equation model, Zhu Yumin, Zhou yu-hun translation, National University of Defense Technology press, ( the book for the W. F.Lucas editor of the Modules in Applied Mathematics a book first volume ), 1988 Chen Anqi, mathematical model of scientific and technical engineering, China Railway Publishing House, 1988 Jiang Yuzhao, Xin Peiqing, mathematical model and computer simulation, University of Electronic Science and Technology Press, 1989 Yang Qifan, Bian Fu Ping, mathematical model, Zhejiang University press, 1990 Dong Jiali, Cao Xudong, Shim Hito, mathematical model, Beijing University of Technology press, 1990 Tang Huanwen, Feng Enmin, sun Yuxian, Sun Lihua, an introduction to the mathematics model, Dalian University of Technology press, 1990 Jiang Qiyuan, the mathematical model (the Second Edition ), higher education press, 1991 H. P. Williams, the mathematical model and computer application, National Defence Industry Press, 1991

2015数学建模美赛翻译

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