(完整)初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解

(完整)初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解
(完整)初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解

初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解

(一)定义

过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。

(二)结构

was/were +doing (现在分词)

(三)用法

1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 例如:

We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

What was he researching all day last Sunday?

上周日他一整天都在研究什么?

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了。

It was raining when they left the station.

他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。

2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如:

What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?

昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)

When I saw him he was decorating his room.

当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)

3. 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如:

While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.

他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)

4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如:

误:I was knowing the answer.

正:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。

误:I wasn't understanding him.

正:I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。

典型例题:

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made

B. is making

C. was making

D. makes

答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。

2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read; was falling

B. was reading; fell

C. was reading; was falling

D. read;fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。

(四)过去进行时和一般过去时的区别

1.一般过去时叙述旧事,过去进行时描述背景。

A、一般过去时

1)叙述过去状态、动作或事件

He went to Beijing the other day.(带具体时间)

2)表示过去的习惯

a) would ,used to与过去时

would 表间断性不规则的习惯,常带频率时间

used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯

They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.

He smoked a lot two years ago. (过去行为)

b) Would 用于文中不用于句首,只表过去习惯。

Used to 表今昔对比的含义,叙述习惯动作可与would 换用。

When he was a boy , he would often go there . (叙述过去)

She isn't what she used to be. (今昔对比)

c) 表示状态时一般只用used to

Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (状态)

d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合适于,适应于…..”

He used to work at night . (“习惯”表经常)

He was used to working at night. (习惯表适应)

3)表示过去的经历,平行动作,依此事件用一般过去时。

He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此发生)

4)表示客气委婉的语气,用于情态动词,助动词和want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film? / Could you help me?

B. 过去进行时

-表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生

What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (过去某时刻正在发生)

-短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按计划、打算

During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)

-与always ,often ,usually 等连用表喜爱,讨厌等感情色彩。

He was always Changing his mind.

2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别

A. 进行时表某一行为的“片断”一般时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。

I was reading the book at that time. (未读完,“读”的片段)

I read the book yesterday. (已读完,表整个“读”)

B、一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用

It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词,故也可使用)

He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用,表反复,连续发生,不可用一般过去时)

C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。

例:He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.

D、While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时。

I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)

I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.

I saw him while I was walking to the station.

3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时(不用现在进行时和过去进行时)

1)表心理状态、情感的动词,如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等,若用进行时则词意改变。

I’m forgetting it . (=beginni ng to forget )

2)表存在、状态的动词,如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等

3)表感觉的动词,如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.

4)表一时性的动词,如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise 等。

5、例题

考题1 As she ____the newspaper ,Granny ____ asleep .(95)

A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell

C. Was reading /was falling

D. read/fell

分析时间从句的动作长,而“入睡”动作短,故前者用过去进行时,而较短动词用一般过

去时,选B

考题2 Tom ___ into the house when no one ___ .

A. slipped/was looking

B. Had slipped /looked

C. slipped/had looked

D. was slipping /looked

分析此题先要理解好when ,表“此时”,说明主句中slipped是较短行为,而look是较长行为的片断,即汤姆溜进房子,此时没人瞧见,故选A为正确。

时态比较

过去进行时与一般过去时

都强调过去发生的事

进行时强调过程,不一定完成

过去时强调事件,一定完成

p,s表示一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作发生了

如:He played when I was studying.

过去进行时与一般过去时,两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特

定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作?例如:

I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信?(可能没打完)

I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信?(已经打完)

1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成,而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。

She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。 (信写完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信

不一定写完)

2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作,而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。

She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。

3、句中有a moment ago之类的短语一般用一般过去时。

4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的状语一般用过去

进行时。过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时,表示更为偶然而非预定的动作:

I was talking to Tom the other day.那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。

这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特殊,也不引人注目。它同时还倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任。句中谁先开口说话既不清楚,也无关紧要。要注意它与一般过去时的差异:

注意:进行时态只用于表示显然是连续不断的动作。如果把动作分割开,或者说出其发生的次数,就必须用一般过去时:I talked to Tom several times.我跟汤姆谈过几次话。

Tom washed both cars.汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了。

当然,看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行时态来表示:

Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog.一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗。

这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today,last night,in the afternoon连用。这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻,也可以看做是表示某一段时间。如上面例句所示,某一段时间也可以用确切的时间来表示。

如想问起一段时间怎样度过时,用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显得有礼貌:

What were you doing before you came here?(你来这里之前做什么工作?)要比 What did you do be- fore you came here?听起来有礼貌。

另一方面, What were you doing in my room?(你在我的房间里干什么来着?)可能表示这样一种情感:我认为你没有权利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room?却毫无这种含义。

不用于进行时的动词

感官动词:hear,see,notice,feel,taste……

表示态度感情的动词:like,love,hate……

表心理状态:feel,want,prefer……

表占有:own,have,……

表存在状态和持续:look,owe,be……

when 和while的用法区别

两者的区别如下:

①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间;

while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。

②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。

③由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如:

a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.

当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为:

While we were talking, the teacher came in.

b They were singing while we were dancing.

小学一年级上英语语法-过去进行时

小学一年级上英语语法-过去进行时 过去进行时主要用于: 表示过去某个时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。 e.g. At that time she was working in a PLA unit. 那时她在解放军某部工作。 What were you doing this time yesterday? 与这个时态连用的时间状语常用: at nine o`clock, this time last night, these days, at that time 等。 用 when 引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作正在 进行的时间。 e.g. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 注: 1 、 while 引导时间状语从句叙述过去的动作时, 从句常用过去进行时。 e.g. I read a magazine while I was waiting for the bus. 2 、 when 用作并列连词,意为这时,连接两分句时,第一句多用过去进行时。 e.g. I was reading a newspaper when he came in.

一般过去时与过去进行时的区别: 一般过去时:强调过去某一时间开始或完成的动作。 过去进行时:强调过去某一时间正在进行的动作。 试区别下面两句: We were building a reservoir last winter. 去年冬天我们在修建一座水库。(可能尚未建成) We built a reservoir last winter. 去年冬天我们修建了一座水库。(已经建成) 精品小编为大家提供的过去进行时大家仔细阅读了吗?最后祝大家生活愉快。

初中英语语法大全知识点总结

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2021年初中英语语法知识—形容词的图文解析(1)

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初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解

初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解 时间:2009年05月04日作者:匿名来源:博客 (一)定义 过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 (二)结构 was/were +doing (现在分词) (三)用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如: We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么? My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如: What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)

(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解大全,推荐文档

初中英语语法讲解 在中考单项选择试题中,除了时态,名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点: 一、可数名词与不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类,(1)分辨是哪一类名词,并根据结论做选择。(2)可数名词复数的不规则变化。(3)不可数名词的量化表达。所以,考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词,哪些是不可数名词。其次,还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es,如: 1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---phot os 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes 3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes hero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives 5baby---babies family---families 另外,还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式,如: Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen Russian---Russians American---Americans

German --- Germans child---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geese deer---deer sheep---sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有:a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外,大家应注意:单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化:单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数,意义上都是复数,因此,一般要与复数谓语动词连用,例如: Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。(这里的五班指五班的同学的。) His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。(很显然,这里的family指家庭成员。)当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时,意义上则是单数,因此,要与单数谓语动词连用。例如, Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。(这里的team 指整个队,但意义上仍为单数,故谓语动词用plays. 初中英语语法讲解二、名词所有格 名词所有格有两种形式:一是加’s,一种是用of来表示。一般情况

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初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解 (一)定义 过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 (二)结构 was/were +doing (现在分词) (三)用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如: We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么? My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如: What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) 3. 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如:

初中英语语法大全(总结篇)

资料收集于网络,如有侵权请联系网站删除 1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg : ask you for my book 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg : At the end of the day 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于…… 32 be careful 当心;小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 34 be famous for 以……著名

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