2019-2020学年复旦附中高三上英语开学考试卷

复旦附中2020届高三第一学期拓展1

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.

21. With fewer employees asked to accomplish more in a day, many Americans treat lunch not as a break but as another task to _______ into an already over-booked day

A. stretch

B. fit

C. squeeze

D. push

22. Which of the following sentence has the word “account” with the same meaning as that in “It is reported that genes account for about 41 percent of the variations in intelligence.”?

A. Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population.

B. In English law a man is accounted innocent until he is proved guilty.

C. We must account (to our employer) for every penny we spend during a business trip.

D. Please account for your disgraceful conduct.

23. Although many researchers broadly agree that public _______ to raw data would promote science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.

A. analysis

B. access

C. process

D. approach

24. The report argued _______ the unlimited-growth pathway was chosen, it would require complementary policies _______ the planet’s limited life-support system.

A. that whether, preserving

B. that if, to preserve

C. if, preserving

D. whenever, to preserve

25. Children learn languages easily, but this doesn’t mean that _______ exposure is enough. They must hear a language quite a bit to understand it -- and use it often to be able to speak it comfortably.

A. maximum

B. repeated

C. continued

D. momentary

26. At the bottom _______ by their teacher explaining how her kids had put the box together and how they supported our efforts in the war.

A. was a letter written

B. a letter was written

C. was writing a letter

D. a letter was being written

27. In order to prevent the further spread of the _______, local health officials are posting times and

places where residents may have been exposed.

A. output

B. outlook

C. outbreak

D. outcome

28. No television program had even taken me so far away from my surroundings _______ this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.

A. that did

B. as to

C. as did

D. as if

29. Although the story involves a politically motivated kidnapping and a supposedly haunted house, the scariest moment is during _______ turns out to be a dream sequence.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. when

30. It is though that the masks allowed Venetians to hide their identities, allowing the poor to mix with the wealthy, _______ strict social order, _______ only for a brief and controlled period.

A. to break, unless

B. breaking, even if

C. broke, but

D. break, though

31. Which of the following sentence has the word “odds” with the same meaning as that in “The odds are high that you’ve seen a beauty pageant or two in your life.”?

A. Against all the odds she achieved her dream of becoming a ballerina.

B. He’s always at odds with his father over politics.

C. You can narrow the odds of a nasty accident happening in your home by being more safety-conscious.

D. The hospital’s director has been battling against the odds is improve patient care.

32. Global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s , an area _______ to the entire Amazon rainforest.

A. distant

B. relevant

C. equivalent

D. resistant

33. The weaving style _______ vivid, varied patterns and exceptional durability

A. is characteristic by

B. is characterized by

C. characterizes

D. features in

34. Since the beginning of the industrial Revolution, for every job lost _______ a machine at least one new job was _______, and the average standard of living has increased dramatically.

A. to, created

B. with, cancelled

C. for, established

D. against, deleted

35. In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in raw physical abilities, while because still had a great advantage _______ machines in cognition.

A. on

B. over

C. of

D. against

36. Nature-Deficit-Disorder has gotten a lot of attention since it was first _______.

A. coined

B. produced

C. created

D. manufactured

37. There is _______ for everyone, from snow flying saucer and snowmobile, to mini golf and jungle live CS.

A. something

B. everything

C. anything

D. nothing

38. Judging from the current business model, those who can survive are completing the _______ from selling books to selling life.

A. resolution

B. connection

C. transition

D. question

39. Booksellers and authors generally believe that bookstores most develop in the direction of a cultural_______ so that people come here for a lot of money, attending concerts, watching movies, or participating in discussions.

A. value

B. complex

C. symbol

D. identity

40. Safety should be a priority in any industry and it should come as no surprise that _______ safety issues early can actually save money, long-term, for companies.

A. requiring

B. inquiring

C. addressing

D. acquiring

41. Broadly speaking, jobs of caring for robots fall under the umbrella of careers in automation, which include maintenance, engineering and programing. What does the underlined sentence mean?

A. are under the protection of

B. are in the relation of

C. in the process of

D. are in the category of

42. The cyber school was _______ as a free option for students in kindergarten through grade 8 who have trouble succeeding in the district’s traditional public school.

A. located

B. launched

C. undergone

D. transformed

43. Please do not hesitate to make _______ with me in the event that this letter leaves unanswered.

A. a contact

B. contacts

C. the contact

D. contact.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Bill Drayton believes we’re in the middle of a necessary but painful historical transition. for millenniums most people’s lives had a certain 44. _______. You went to school to learn a trade or a skill-baking, farming or accounting. Then you could go into the workforce and make a good living repeating the same skill over the course of your career.

But these days machines can do pretty much anything that’s 45. _______. The new world requires a different sort of person. Drayton calls this new sort of personal changemaker.

Changemakers are people who can see the patterns around them, identify the problems in any situation, figure out ways to solve the problems in any situation, organize fluid teams, lead collective action and then 46. _______ adapt as situations change.

For example, Ashoka fellow Andres Gallardo is a Mexican who lived in a high crime neighborhood. He created an app, called Haus, that allows people to 47. _______ with their neighbors. The app has a panic button that 48. _______ everybody in the neighborhood when a crime is happening. It allows neighbors to organize, chat, share crime statistics and work together.

To form and lead this community of communities, Gallardo had to possess what Drayton calls “cognitive empathy-based living for the good of all.” Cognitive empathy is the ability to perceive how people are feeling in 49. _______ circumstances.“For the good of all” is the capacity to build teams.

It doesn’t matter if you are working in the cafeteria or the inspection line of a plant, companies will now only hire people who can 50. _______ problems and organize responses.

Millions of people already live with the mind-set. But a lot of people still inhabit the world of following rules and repetitive skills. They hear society telling them: “ We don’t need you. We don’t need your kids, either.” Of course, those people go into reactionary mode and strike back.

The central 51. _______ of our time, Drayton says, is to make everyone a changmaker. In an earlier era, he says, society realized it needed universal 52. _______. Today, schools have to develop the curriculums and assessments to make the changmaking mentality universal. They have to understand this is their criteria for success.

Ashoka has studied social movements to find out how this kind of 53. _______ shift can be promoted. It turns out that successful movements take similar steps.

Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

(A)

Over the last 15 years, digital communication has ushered in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And the stand-out early adopters in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary __54__ to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, an adolescent brain expert.

We are now proving that as a species, our brains are still flexible and __55__ during adolescence. Having a more flexible brain means that some __56__ of it, such as impulse control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a/an __57__ period living under the protection on four parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the adolescent brain can adapt to new technology, allowing teenagers to __58__ the accelerating pace of digital technology and giving them a multitasking advantage.

In the US, teenagers are spending 8.5 hours using computers, mobiles and other devices to learn, interact and play. This jumps to 11.5 if you take into account all of the __59__ that goes on, such as talking on the phone while you’re watching TV. Australian teenagers were found to be spending an average of 7 hours, 38 minutes using these devices in 2009.

There are __60__ as to how social media is affecting the way in which the brain learns to __61__, as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around you. Geidd says that from a biology standpoint, a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. “A lot of the brain changes are sort of set up to develop these social skills.” These interactions are now being __62__ by technology -- you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with -- and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same __63__ using Facebook.

There is a possible __64__ of the growing digital trend: YouTube indicates that teenagers all over the world are watching the same clips and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more __65__ than their predecessors. Sharing the same jokes could possibly go a long way to breaking down some of the prejudices out there. They may be __66__ to texting their friends and posting updates on Facebooks, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and __67__ social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain might have trouble imagining. __68__, there is a cut off and by the age of 30, our brains become more set in their ways, making it harder for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.

54. A. activity B. capacity C. responsibility D. opportunity

55. A. operating B. promoting C. adjusting D. establishing

56. A. functions B. options C. restrictions D. positions

57. A. opposed B. imposed C. limited D. extended

58. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with

59. A. entertaining B. multitasking C. interacting D. gossiping

60. A. curiosities B. criticisms C. concerns D. shortcomings

61. A. memorize B. internalize C. realize D. socialize

62. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted

63. A. attitudes B. prospects C. trends D. skills

64. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. tuition

65. A. narrow-minded B. global-minded C. absent-minded D. quick-minded

66. A. keen B. addicted C. obsessed D. enthusiastic

67. A. however B. hence C. moreover D. instead

68. A. Consequently B. Additionally C. Nevertheless D. Thus

Section B

Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by questions or nnfinished statements . For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

For those who are too young to know what a Tamagotchi is, it’s an egg-shaped plastic

device with a black-and-white screen on which appears a little pixelated pet. With the three buttons below the screen, you can feed the pet, care for it and clean up its mess. And just like a real pet, it gets sick and dies if neglected.

When it was first released by Japanese company Bandai in 1997, this virtual “pocket pet” was so popular with schoolchildren that it was frequently sold out at stores all over the world. For many people, the Tamagotchi was their first even experience of raising and caring for a “pet”.

A lot has certainly changed in the last 20 years -- especially when it comes to technology -- so would it be a good idea to reintroduce the Tamagotchi to today’s world?

Bandai obviously thinks so since it’s going to re-release it next month, marking the device’s 20th anniversary. “We’re going after that nostalgia,” said Tara Badie, director of Tamagotchi’s brand management, according to The Verge.

Modern features:

Nostalgia is all the rage these days. Just look at Nintendo’s Pokémon Go - the 2016 smartphone game derived from its 1996 version - and Nokia’s 2017 version of the 3310 - the mobile phone released in 2000 that it seems nearly everyone in the world owned. But these companies didn’t just simply copy from the past - they managed to update the old version and adapt it for the modern world.

With Pokémon Go, Nintendo successfully combined cutting-edge（前沿的）augmented reality（增强现实）technology with the game’s original storyline.

“Pokémon Go tells us about the future of software and the nature of reality - and how they integrate（整合）into what we think of as entertainment,” technology writer Om Malik wrote on The New Yorker.

And although Nokia’s new 3310 stayed faithful to the original phone’s design, it added a few modern features like a color screen, camera and internet access.

It even kept the iconic game Snake, which many of today’s adults would have spent hours playing as teenagers.

But while nostalgia is certainly a selling point to many people, not everyone is a fan.

“I’m so sick of nostalgia as a ploy for profit. From the ‘Make America Great Again’ slogan （口号）,to the endless Star Wars and X-Men movies, we’ve become a world obsessed（沉迷的）with looking backward for lazy sources of joy,” wrote tech reporter Thomas Ricker on The Verge.

But will the magic of nostalgia work with the Tamagotchi? According to Julia Alexander, an editor for video game website Polygon, it seems pretty unlikely.

After trying the new product, Alexander soon found out that little has been changed since the original.

“ I grew up and, unfortunately, the Tamagotchi didn’t.” she wrote.

So when it comes to nostalgia, maybe the fond memories of our favorite childhood products are best left as that - fond memories.

69. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this article?

A. To promote the new Tamagotchi.

B. To compare some hit video games.

C. To explore why “nostalgia” is valued these days.

D. To analyse whether it was wise to bring the Tamagotchi back.

70. According to the text, the success of Pokémon Go and Nokia’s new 3310 has in the fact that they both _______.

A. use augmented reality technology

B. look exactly the same as the original version

C. made creative adaptations from the old version

D. changed what we think about entertainment

71. Why isn’t Thomas Ricker a fan of using nostalgia for profit?

A. It could make people less inventive

B. The original products were often bad.

C. It could make people become addicted to the past.

D. It ruins out fond childhood memories.

72. It can be inferred from the article that the author _______.

A. isn’t completely supportive of re-releasing old products

B. believes that nostalgia is a great selling point

C. believes the new Tamagotchi will appeal to the public

D. loves products that can help revive her good memories

(B)

If you enjoy American stories, you’ll have noticed that quite a few of them take place on the road. The United States is a vast country whose long highways connect very distant places. Many famous American novels and films are about stories that occur while their characters are traveling along these highways. These novels are often celebrations of American life.

Jesmyn Ward’s National Book Award winner Sing, Unburied, Sing is a road novel, but not a celebration. The road journey here is through Mississippi, as an African-American mother and her two children travel to collect her white husband - the children’s father - as he’s released from jail.

Neither the mother, Leonie, nor the father, Michael, are ideal parents. Leonie in particular is so full of anger and regret that she takes out her unhappiness on her children, the 13-year-old Jojo and his little sister Kayla. And the pain of lacking proper financial support makes the journey even harder.

The telling of the story is divided between various narrators. Jojo, the boy, is the most sympathetic of them. But it is worrying to read about how he experiences the world. Even though he’s young, he’s already experienced the dark side of life. The opening sentence of the book gives a sense of Jojo’s unnatural maturity. “I like to think I know what death is. I like to think that I could look at it straight.” This maturity（成熟）is tested when a white policeman pulls a gun on him when Jojo puts his hand in his pocket.

But who, or what, is to blame for these sad circumstances? For Ward, it’s clearly the past. She admires the work of fellow novelist William Faulkner. When she thinks about the past, she’s of the same mind as him.

Faulkner famously wrote: “The past is never dead. It’s not even past.” At one point, Ward says that her characters are “pulling the past with them,” like a too-heavy trailer coupled to the car, as they journey on through Mississippi to the jailhouse, The biggest part of this past, of course, is racism - the remains of slavery - which is always there, and ruining life.

This is probably why The Washington Post listed Sing, Unburied, Sing as one of its 10 choices of 2017’s Best Books. “The plight of this one family is tied to crimes that stretch over decades.” wrote the newspaper. “These are people pulling all the weight of history.”

73. What can we learn about Sing, Unburied, Sing from the article?

A. It was recently adapted as a film.

B. It’s a celebration of American life.

C. It’s one of 2017’s best-selling American novels.

D. It is a story of a road trip through Mississippi.

74. According to the text, the character Jojo _______.

A. is the main narrator of the novel

B. is the youngest child in the family

C. fights with a white policeman on the road

D. shows an unusually mature mind of a child

75. What is the root cause of the family’s difficulty according to the article?

A. The unhappy marriage of the parents.

B. The lack of educational opportunities.

C. The remaining slavery and racism.

D. The lack of financial support from the government.

76. Why is William Faulkner mentioned in the article?

A. To prove Ward shares a similar opinion of the past with him.

B. To show Ward has drawn a lot of inspiration from him.

C. To show Ward is as great a novelist as he is.

D. To compare Ward’s writing style with his.

(C)

When you eat out in a restaurant, it is not unusual to hear people yelling, “Let me get this one!” and sometimes see them pushing or arm wrestling to fight for the privilege of paying the bill.

These fights are often very loud and active. Each person involved shows an honest desire to pick up the bill, and in the end, all the people at the table give the winner praise and gratitude.

In fact, figuring out who will get the bill is always a headache for Chinese people at formal meals. Although the people hosting the meal are very likely to pay the check, it is a common practice to make a token effort to pay the bill, but you will embarrass them if you do end up actually chipping in some cash.

In recent years, going Dutch has been embraced by many young people. But older generations who fear “losing face” still find it embarrassing and stingy to calculate each person’s share of the bill. As travel guide brand Lonely Planet noted, it is considered “the height of

unsophistication”!

But these days, thanks to digital payment apps, splitting the bill electronically is becoming a widely-accepted idea. Even people from older generations may be tempted to do so.

By scanning a QR code and paying their share via social networking tool WeChat and e-commerce app Alipay on their smartphones in one easy click, urban Chinese are finding it easier to save them the embarrassment of figuring out each person’s payment when they order a meal.

This function “has made going Dutch less hassle and more fun in China.” CNN noted.

“Because of their convenience, many of us are never without our phones. And person-to-person mobile payment services are incredibly easy to use and save the trouble of dealing with change,” said 18-year-old student in China.

“You can also leave funny notes using emoji like a bowl of rice or a cup of tea to describe

a meal that you have shared.”

77. What is the article mainly about?

A. The Chinese tradition of dining out with friends.

B. A new trend of splitting the bill in China.

C. How social networking tools have influenced our daily lives.

D. Why people in China argue over who pays the bill when dining out.

78. The underlined phrase “going Dutch “in Paragraph 4 probably means _______.

A. figuring out the total payment

B. taking turns to pay the bill

C. fighting for the privilege of paying the bill

D. each person paying their own expenses

79. Many Chinese people make a token effort to pay the bill because _______.

A. they don’t want to be considered unsophisticated

B. they want praise and gratitude from their friends

C. they consider it an honor to host the meal and pay the bill

D. they find it hard to work out how much each person needs to pay

80. According to the article, what are the advantages of using digital payment apps to split the bill?

a. They’re easier to use and more interesting.

b. They save the trouble of dealing with change.

c. They make it easier to figure out how much money each person has to pay.

d. They make people less embarrassed to split the bill.

A. a,b

B. b,c

C. a,b,d

D. b,c,d

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Not that there are two more sentences than you need.

A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. __81__ Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.

“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. __82__ “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own.” he said.

They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the winds has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation sensing and control systems.

While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is

eventually to equip is with a built-in power source. __83__ “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.

Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. __84__ “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead.”

Ⅱ. Grammar

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blanks with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use ONE word that best fits each blank.

Start With the End and Work Backwards

When Jason Hoelscher was an undergraduate of fine art studies, there weren’t any professional development classes. So ambition and the timely realization 1. _______ he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own urged Jason to engage his future self to find direction. It was 1996, and he was finishing his BFA(Bachelor of Fine Art) in Denver. He was faced with the choice of sitting back to wait for something 2. _______ (happen), or pursuing a path into the unknown. He chose the latter.

Jason set up a plan that in five years he 3. _______ (show) his work in the top gallery in that area of the country. This five-year goal gave him a starting point 4. _______ which to work backwards.

By setting the goal, all of Jason’s efforts 5. _______ (point) in the same direction. He showed up at different art show openings, and researched as best he could to make 6. _______ familiar with the market environment.

As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities 7. _______ got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 8. _______ (inspire), Jason spent the next month making new work.

In April of 1997, Jason went back to Rule Gallery with his new work 9. _______ scared to death, he looked confident at the gallery meeting. When he left, he left as the newest addition to the

rule Gallery roster. He had his first exhibition there one year later.

Jason could have stopped with the show selection, but what he really wanted was gallery representation. He struck while the iron was not, and in 10. _______ (do) so, shortened his five-year plan into a year and a half.

Ⅱ. Translation

1. 交友时不要以貌取人。(base)

2. 遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。(or)

3. 我们付出的每一次努力未必都能成功，似是但凡值得我们做的事情都值得做好。(worth)

KEYS:

语法：

21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D

26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B

31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B

36. A 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C

41. D 42. B 43. D

十一选十

44. D 45. A 46. B 47. BC 48. C 49. BD 50. AB 51. AD 51. ABC 52. AC

完形填空

54. B 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. A

59. B 60. C 61. D 62. A 63. D

64. A 65. B 66. B 67. B 68. C

阅读理解

A篇：69. D 70. C 71. A 72. A

B篇：73. D 74. D 75. C 76. A

C 篇：77. B 78.

D 79. A 80. C

六选四

81. AC 82. B 83. AB 84. A

语法填空

1. that

2. to happen

3. would show

4. from/ at/ on

5. were pointed/ pointed

6. himself

7. which/ that

8. Having been inspired/ Inspired

9. Although/ Thought/ While 10. doing

翻译：

1. Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.

2. Keep calm when in case of emergency, or it can cause/bring about serious consequences.

3. Every effort we made may not be successful, but whatever is worth us/our doing is worth our/us doing well.