简单句的六种基本句型及其主要用法

简单句的六种基本句型及其主要用法
简单句的六种基本句型及其主要用法

简单句的六种基本句型及其主要用法。

一、S + V(主语+不及物动词)

这种句型简称为主谓结构。不及物动词是指那些本身意义已完整,后面不需要接宾语的动词,如come, go, swim, appear, run, arrive, fall等。如:

—Did you go by sea?你们走的是海路吗?

—No, we flew. 不,我们是坐飞机去的。

有时,不及物动词后面会跟副词、介词短语等作状语。如:

Why don’t you come at once when I call you? 我叫你时,你为什么不马上来?

【练习导航】

Ⅰ. 根据汉语完成下列英语句子,每空一词。

1. 他在听。

He _____ _____.

2. 昨晚你睡得好吗?

Did you _____ _____ last night?

3. 这场雨持续了两个小时。

The rain _____ _____ two hours.

4. 事物总是变化的。

Things always _____.

5. 他来中国的梦想实现了。

His dream to China _____ _____ _____.

Ⅱ. 单项选择

( )6. An MP5 player of this type costs too much. You’d better ______.

A. wait

B. waiting

C. waited

D. to wait

( )7. It _____ outside. I have to stay at home.

A. rain

B. is raining

C. rained

D. has rained

( )8. —Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?

—Yes, I did. My uncle ______ in the match.

A. is playing

B. was playing

C. has played

D. will play

( )9. —What did your father say just now?

—Sorry, I don’t know. I ______ on the phone.

A. am talking

B. talk

C. was talking

D. have talked

( )10. You ______ first and I ______ behind.

A. go; was following

B. will go; follow

C. will go; followed

D. go; will follow

二、S + V + P(主语+系动词+表语)

系动词通常与表语一起构成系表结构,用来说明主语的性质、特点或状态等。表语通常由名词、形容词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。常见的系动词有

be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, become, stay, seem等。如:All her friends are now outside the door. 她的所有朋友现在都在门外。

The milk turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。

【练习导航】

翻译下面的汉语句子。

1. 他感到有点累。

______________________________

2. 这听起来是个好主意。

______________________________

3. 海伦在家吗?

______________________________

4. 我的电脑在书房里。

______________________________

5. 他的梦想是成为一名医生。

______________________________

6. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。

______________________________

7. 问题是你想干什么。

______________________________

8. 他总是乐于助人。

______________________________

9. 这盘菜闻起来不错。

______________________________

10. 那个女孩是我的妹妹。

______________________________

三、S + V + O(主语+及物动词+宾语)

及物动词后面必须接宾语才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语是动作的承受者,一般由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词等充当。如:

He’s having lunch. 他正在吃午餐。

I prefer standing. 我宁愿站着。

He promised to lend me some books. 他答应借给我几本书。

【练习导航】

Ⅰ. 找出下列句子的宾语。

1. He handed in his homework this morning. ____________

2. Help yourself to some soup, Jim. ____________

3. He forgot which way to go. ____________

4. Would you mind waiting for a few minutes? ____________

5. I’ll do what I can. ____________

Ⅱ. 根据汉语完成下列英语句子,每空一词。

6. 你认识这些人吗?

Do you _________ _________ _________?

7. 今天早上他完成了报告。

He _________ _________ _________ this morning.

8. 现在我来自我介绍一下。

Now I’ll _________ _________.

9. 他已经决定搬到北京去了。

He has decided _________ _________ _________ Beijing.

10. 我不记得事故是什么时候发生的。

I don’t rem ember _________ the accident _________.

四、S + V + IO + DO(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)

有些及物动词,如hand, give, throw, lend, sing, read, write, buy, leave, make, pass, tell, get 等可以带双宾语,一个宾语指人,称为间接宾语;另一个指物,称为直接宾语。及物动词带双宾语通常有以下两种结构:

1. 及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

2. 及物动词+直接宾语+to / for+间接宾语

【练习导航】

Ⅰ. 找出下列句子中的直接宾语。

1. She gave me her telephone number. _________________

2. Bring me some water, please. _________________

3. I’ll make you some fresh tea. _________________

4. He sang us a folk song. _________________

5. She showed me her paintings. _________________

Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为同义句。

6. Tom gave me a nice pen.

Tom ______ a nice pen _____ me.

7. My mother bought my little sister a pink skirt.

My mother ______ a pink skirt ______ my little sister.

8. She cooked us a delicious meal.

She ______ a delicious meal _____ us.

9. Tim showed me his nice T-shirt.

Tim ______ his nice T-shirt _____ me.

10. She made me a cup of coffee.

She ______ a cup of coffee ______ me.

【温馨提示】

◆某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语,这类动词有give, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write, throw, sell, email等。如:

Can you lend us your car? 你能把车借给我们吗?

→Can you lend your car to us?

◆某些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语,这类动词有buy, play, get, make,

order, choose, sing, pay等。如:

My uncle bought me a watch. 我叔叔给我买了一块表。

→My uncle bought a watch for me.

五、S + V + O + OC(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)

有些及物动词加上宾语后,它的意思表达还是不完整,这就需要再加上一个补足语来使句子的意思完整。宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、V-ing形式等充当。如:

Please don’t call me Lucy. 请不要叫我露西。

I found the box empty. 我发现箱子是空的。

The teacher told us to do some exercises. 老师要我们做一些练习题。

【练习导航】

Ⅰ. 找出下列句子中的宾语补足语。

1. They call their daughter Mary. ___________

2. Don’t leave me behind. _____________

3. I wish you to be happy. _____________

4. I saw her chatting with Nancy. ____________

5. Good food keeps you healthy. ____________

Ⅱ. 翻译下面的汉语句子。

6. 他们请我和他们一道去。

______________________________

7. 我刚才看见她在跟简谈话。

______________________________

8. 你认为这部电影精彩吗?

______________________________

9. 你建议我做什么?

______________________________

10. 你注意到他进来了吗?

______________________________

六、there be句型

there be句型主要用来表示“某地有某物或某人”。如果be动词后面有两个或两个以上的主语,be动词的选用需要遵循“就近原则”。如:

There is a dictionary, three books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一本字典,三

本书和一支钢笔。

【练习导航】

Ⅰ. 单项选择

( ) 1. There ______ ice on the road last week.

A. was

B. were

C. will be

D. are

( ) 2. There ______ a football match on the playground this afternoon.

A. will have

B. is going to have

C. is have

D. is going to be

( ) 3. There _____ to be something wrong with him.

A. is

B. was

C. seems

D. are

( ) 4. There will be enough food for everybody, _______?

A. won’t it

B. won’t there

C. isn’t it

D. aren’t there

( ) 5. There _______ more than two hundred people killed in road accidents since

last month.

A. was

B. were

C. have been

D. are

Ⅱ. 根据汉语完成下列英语句子,每空一词。

6. 一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩。

_____ _____ a boy _____ with a dog in the yard.

7. 以前在街道拐角处有一家商店。

______ _____ _____ _____ a shop on the corner of the street.

8. 可能会有一个更好的办法来做这件事。

_____ _____ _____ a better way to do this.

9. 没有空气就没有声音.

_____ _____ _____ sound without air.

10. 没有时间再等你了。

_____ ______ no time _____ _____ _____ you.

Key:

一、Ⅰ. 1. is listening 2. sleep well 3. lasted for

4. change

5. has come true

Ⅱ. 6-10 ABBCD

二、 1. He feels a little tired. 2. It sounds a good idea.

3. Is Helen in?

4. My computer is in the study.

5. His dream is to become a doctor.

6. My favorite sport is swimming.

7. The question is what you want to do.

8. He is always ready to help others.

9. The dish smells good. 10. The girl is my sister.

三、Ⅰ. 1. his homework 2. yourself 3. which way to go

4. waiting

5. what I can

Ⅱ. 6. know these people 7. finished his report

8. introduce myself 9. to move to

10. when; happened

四、Ⅰ. 1. her telephone number 2. some water

3. some fresh tea

4. a folk song

5. her paintings

Ⅱ. 6. gave; to 7. bought; for 8. cooked; for

9. showed; to 10. made; for

五、Ⅰ. 1. Mary 2. behind 3. to be happy

4. chatting with Nancy

5. healthy

Ⅱ. 6. They asked me to go with them.

7. I saw her talking with Jane just now.

8. Do you think the movie wonderful?

9. What do you advise me to do?

10. Did you notice him come in?

六、Ⅰ. 1-5 ADCBC

Ⅱ. 6. There is; playing 7. There used to be

8. There might be 9. There is no 10. There is; to wait for

简单句的六个基本句型教案资料

简单句的六个基本句 型

简单句的六个基本句型 句子是语言运用的基本单位。能正确写句是最基本、最基础的写作微技能。英语句子千变万化,但都可以由简单句合并或扩展而来,因此掌握简单句的六个基础句型是写好英语句子的第一步。简单句可以插入定语和状语扩展成为复杂的长句,可以通过添加关联词变成并列复合句或主从复合句。 ⑴主语+系动词+表语 ⑵主语+谓语(vi.) ⑶主语+谓语 (vt.) +宾语 ⑷主语+谓语(vt.) +间接宾语+直接宾语 ⑸主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾语补足语 ⑹ there be句型 句型 (1): 主语+系动词+表语 其中“系动词+表语”一起构成谓语。常见系动词: ①表示“是”的: _____________________________________________________________________ __________ ②表示“…起来”的: _____ (尝起来),______(看起来),______ (听起来),______(摸起来;感到),_____(闻起来) ③表示“变成”的: _____________________________________________________________________ __________ ④表示“保持”的: _____________________________________________________________________ __________ ⑤表示“似乎、好像”和“证实”的: _____________________________________________________________________ __________ 注:既无被动语态,也无进行时态。

英语简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David.(名词) They painted(涂漆) their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh(新鲜的) air in.(副词) You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词) China is a developing(发展中) country; America is a developed(发达) country.(分词)

简单句的五种基本句型教案

教学讲义

三、主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) [例句]1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The cake smells good. 蛋糕味道很好。 3. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。 4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。 5. The trouble is that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 6. Our well has gone dry. 我们的井干枯了。 7. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点:谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。 四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) [例句]1. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。 3. I showed him my pictures.我给他看我的照片。 4. I gave my car a wash.我洗了我的汽车。 5. I told him that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 6. He showed me how to run the machine.他教我开机器。 [分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思,故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语,指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常

(完整word版)简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型 一、句子分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 ①简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成,其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。 ②并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子。并列连词有:an d, but, or, so 等。 ③复合句是由主句+从句构成。由从属连词连接,如because, if, whe n, while, un til, after, before, as soon as等。分为名词性从句,形容词性从句(即定语从句),副词性从句(即状语从句)三大类。其中最著名的是宾语从句,定语从句和状语从句。 二、简单句的五个基本句式: ①主谓②主谓宾③主谓双宾④主谓宾补⑤主系表 主语:句子说明的人或事物。 谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 表语系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 宾语:1.动作的承受者一一动宾。2.介词后的名词、代词和动名词一一介宾。 补语:宾补,对宾语的补充。主补,对主语的补充。 判断下列句子是那种结构: 1. He is swimmi ng. 2. It made him an gry. 3. The little boy is ask ing the teacher questi ons. 4. She is young. 5. My mom bought me a beautiful gift. 6. He kept his eyes closed. 7. He told us an excit ing story. 8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clea n. 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitti ng room. 10. Ca n you push the win dow ope n ? 11. He seemed tired. 1. 主谓 2.主谓宾补 3.主谓双宾 4.主系表 5.主谓双宾 6.主谓宾补 7.主谓双宾 8.主谓宾补 9. 主谓宾补10.主谓宾补11.主系表

简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型 只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。简单句有五种基本句型结构: ★主语+谓语(S+V) 谓语是不及物动词,其后可加副词、介词短语等。例如: They sat together quietly. 他们静静地坐在一起。 The meeting begins at nine. 会议9点开始。 ★主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) 谓语是及物动词,宾语通常是名词、代词、动词不定式、V-ing形式等。例如: He doesn’t like the movie. 他不喜欢这部电影。 Do you know them, Li Ming? 李明,你认识他们吗? ★主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, turn, get等,表语通常是形容词、名词、代词等。例如: Your new watch looks very nice. 你的新手表看起来很漂亮。 That sounds a good idea. 听起来是个好主意。 ★主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+InO+DO) 某些动词后的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语,如:give, lend, pass, show, send等;某些动词后的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语,如:buy, choose, cook, make, sing等。例如:Can you pass me the book? = Can you pass the book to me? 你能把书递给我吗? She sang us an English song. = She sang an English song for us. 她为我们唱了一首英语歌。★主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) 这类谓语动词主要有find, keep, feel, wish, think, name, call, ask, advise, teach, want, notice 等。宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态,通常是形容词、名词、动词不定式、介词短语等。例如: He found his new job very interesting. 他发现他的新工作很有趣。 Mr. Li asked us to write a report. 李老师让我们写一份报告。 即时操练 ( ) 2. Can you lend me your dictionary? ( ) 3. Mum is cooking in the kitchen. ( ) 4. Danny made all of us laugh.

简单句共有五种基本句型

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A. rain B. is raining C. rained D. has rained ( )8. —Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? —Yes, I did. My uncle ______ in the match. A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. will play ( )9. —What did your father say just now? —Sorry, I don’t know. I ______ on the phone. A. am talking B. talk C. was talking D. have talked ( )10. You ______ first and I ______ behind. A. go; was following B. will go; follow C. will go; followed D. go; will follow 二、S + V + P(主语+系动词+表语) 系动词通常与表语一起构成系表结构,用来说明主语的性质、特点或状态等。表语通常由名词、形容词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, get, grow, turn, become, stay, seem等。如: All her friends are now outside the door. 她的所有朋友现在都在门外。 The milk turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。 【练习导航】 翻译下面的汉语句子。 1. 他感到有点累。 ______________________________ 2. 这听起来是个好主意。 ______________________________ 3. 海伦在家吗? ______________________________

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