初中英语语法三大从句总结,仅此一份,建议收藏!
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宾语从句
一、定义
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词
that: I think that you can pass the exam.
Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.
“Wh”:I don’t know what the word means.
I don’t know where he found the book.
只用whether的情况：
1. 与or not连用：
I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.
2. 与动词不定式连用：
He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.
3. 连接词前有介词时：
It depends on whether he is coming.
三、时态
1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)
She wants to know what he has done for the exam.
2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。
1）She said that she was a student.
2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3）She said that she had finished her homework already.
3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
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定语从句
一、定义
在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词
先行词指人who /that
先行词指物which/ that
定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后
三、关系代词
关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词
四、翻译方法“…. 的”
Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom
1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.
2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.
Whose :指人或物，作定语，表示“…的”
eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.
关系代词只能that 的特殊情况：
1.先行词前有序数词修饰时：
This is the first gift that my parents bought me.
2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时：
This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.
3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.
e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop
4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.
e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.
5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是，正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用that
e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.
6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头，只能用that引导.
Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?
当关系代词前使用介词时：
物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom
当关系代词前使用介词时：
e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.
2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.
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状语从句
一、定义
在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。
二、状语从句一般分为八大类
时间状语从句地点状语从句
原因状语从句目的状语从句
结果状语从句条件状语从句
方式状语从句让步状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
When ---当……时候,通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。
When I opened the window, I saw him come up.
When --- 正在……的时候，突然…。通常主句是进行时或be about to 时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。
I was walking along the street , when I met him.
When 当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。
Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.
When=after
When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.
While ---在……期间，往往指一段时间。
While we were inAmerica, we saw him twice.
While ---表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。
We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.
As --- 一边……一边, 随着
She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.
As --- 当……时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。
As I was going out, it began to rain.
The moment --- 一……就……=as soon as , immediately,
---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
---Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.
Not… until --- 直到……才
He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.
Before ---在……之前
The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.
After ---在…… 之后
The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.
Since ---自从……, 通常主句用现在完成时
I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.
It is just a week since we arrived here.
As soon as --- 一……就……
Jack went to school as soon as he got well.
No sooner than ---一……就……
no sooner… than… 用于句首要求倒装
Hardly …when…
Scarcely …when…
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
Once --- 一但……就……
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当
Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.
2. 条件状语从句
引导状语从句的连接词有：
If如果, unless除非, as long as只要, As (so) far as --- 据……所知，in case万一, provided that假如, on condition that若是，以…为条件
If ---如果
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.
Unless --- 如果不, 除非=if not
We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight
As long as --- 只要
We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.
As (so) far as --- 据……所知
As far as I know, he speaks English very well.
In case --- 假使, 如果
The plane cannot take off in case it rains.
Provided that 如果,有时省略that
The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.
On condition that --- 条件是…
He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.
注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时。
If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.
3. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句只有两个连词: Where, wherever
Where --- 在……地方
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever --- 无论哪里
Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.
4. 原因状语从句
because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.
Because --- 因为,通常从句放在主句后.
Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage.
As --- 因为, 通常放在句首
As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.
Since ---既然因语气较弱, 常译为既然(众所周知的原因)
Since everybody has come, we can set off.
Now that --- 既然
Now that you are here, you can join us.
considering that --- 顾及到
Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.
seeing that --- 由于
Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.
5. 结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so that, so…that…
such…that So… that --- 太……以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that
Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹.
So that --- 因而，以便，为了有时so 可以省去
Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.
Such …that… ---太……以至于用法与so…that相同，但such 后面应用名词。
The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.
6. 目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有: that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest
(So) that --- 以便,从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等
Let’s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.
in order that --- 为了, 与so that 相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.
for fear that --- 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生)
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.
in case --- 万一
You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.
Lest --- 以防万一
The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.
7. 让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether.
Although, though ---虽然 although 和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.
Though he did his best, he didn’t succeed.
As --- 尽管as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。
Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.
Even if /even though ---即使
Even if you don’t like your boss, you should do your work.
However --- 不论， however 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装
He couldn’t get there on time however fast he drove.
No matter (what, when, where, how) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）
He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.
Whatever --- 不管
Whatever other people may say, she won’t change her mind.
While ---尽管
While I have sympathy for you, I can’t help you.
Whether ---不管，常与or not 连用
Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.
8. 方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由: as, as if, as though
as ---与…… 一样
Do in Rome as the Romans do.
as if, as though --- 仿佛, 由as if或as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
高中英语从句总结
高中英语从句总结 1）主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why.如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。 解释： 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： +be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 +be+名词词组（no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.）+that从句。如： It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 +be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）+that从句。如： It is said that has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 +seem，happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at 似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。 +doesn’t matter（makes no difference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
高中英语的定语从句归纳与总结
定语从句 概念：定语从句，一个简单句跟在一个名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。 结构：先行词+关系词+从句 关系词： 关系词的类型：关系代词：who,whom,which,that,在从句中可作主语或宾语，whose,在从句中作定语 关系副词：why,where,when,其中why=for which，where=in/at/on which， when=during/on/in which,在从句中做状语 关系词的作用：1.连接作用，连接主句和定语从句 2.指代前面的先行词 3.在定语从句中担任成分 关系词的选择:1.看先行词（被定语从句修饰的词）先行词是“物”可能用which，that，whose,where，when，why等,先行词是“人”可能用who，whom，that， whose等 2.看关系词在定语从句中所担任的句子成分①先行词是人且关系词在从句 中作主语，用who/that②先行词是人且关系词在从句中作宾语，用 whom/that③先行词是物且关系词在定语从句中作主语，用that,which. ④先行词是物且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that,which，也可以省略 记住：关系代词作宾语或表语是可以省略的，作主语是不能省略的，因为主 语后直接是动词，省略的话就出现先行词直接接从句动词的语法错误。举例： Is there anything that you want to say? 中的that就可以省略。而He is the headmaster of this school who also teaches Chemistry. 中的who就不能省 略。⑤先行词是“人”或“物”，关系词在从句中作定语表所属关系，用 whose引导定语从句.注意：表示所属关系不仅仅是人,这个就叫做所属关系， 因此所属关系除了whose以外就有两个，对人是of whom,对物是of which. ⑥先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，则用关系副词引导定语从句。注意： 如果从句中的谓语动词是及物动词且后面无宾语，那么，即使先行词是表时 间、地点或理由的名词，也不能用关系副词（when，why，where），而要用 可作宾语的关系代词that或which，要考试的同学们千万千万要记住哦！ 3.必须用that引导的情况①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰③先行词被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰④先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时⑤先行词既有人又有物时⑥当句中已有who时， 为避免重复用that 限定与非限定定语从句 定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句： 例：I like the book which he bought yesterday.(我喜欢他昨天买的书) 非限定性定语从句：
英语语法从句讲解
从句 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类: 即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。 引导从句的词称作关联句. 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示]
1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
高中英语句子结构及类型大全
中学英语句子大全 英语学习的四原则：全（记得要全）、熟（熟练）、精（总结精华）、活（活学活用） 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 【附着在表面上，单独存在没有意义】 一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成（祁使句除外）——主语和谓语。主语是一个句子叙述的主体，表明这句话描述的是什么，谓语则用以说明主语的情况，它在人称和单复数形式上应与主语保持一致。 除了主语和谓语，句子有时还需要其他的成分，如用在系动词后表明主语性质，特征，状态或身份的表语，用在及物动后，表示行为对象或结果的宾语，修饰或限定名词或代词的定语，修饰动词形容词副词介词短语或全句的状语以及对一个名词或代词作进一步解释的同位语等。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），数词，名词化的形容词，动词不定式，动名词或从句。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，不能再接对象（即宾语），这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。 Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 2. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 3. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 4. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 5. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 6. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 7. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质，特征，状态或身份的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
各种英语从句类型
各种从句类型 一、名词性从句 1、主语从句： 定义：从句充当复合句的主语。 位置：①从句位于句首；②it（无意义）作形式主语放在句首，从句放在主句之后。 引导词：that，whether（连词） who，what，which，-ever（疑问代词/连接代词） when，where，how，why，-ever（疑问副词/连接副词） 练习：（1）从句位于句首 1.物价要上涨是明显的(go up) ____________________________________________________________________ 2.派谁去还没有决定 ____________________________________________________________________ 3.不清楚她为什么那样做(clear) ____________________________________________________________________ 4.你对我说的话很有用 ______________________________________________________________________ (2)it作形式主语 5.很奇怪他对此一无所知 _______________________________________________________________________ 6.碰巧那天她不在家（happen） _______________________________________________________________________ *与强调句句型比较 1. It is clear that he loves singing. 2. It is in Shanghai that I saw the film. 二、宾语从句 定义：从句充当复合句中的宾语。 位置：在及物动词后（动宾结构）；在介词后（介宾结构）；it作形式宾语，从句放在主句后； 主语+be+表语（adj.）+宾从 引导词：that、whether、if（连词）；who，whose，what，which，-ever（疑问代词/连接代词）；when,where,how,why（疑问副词/连接副词） 练习： （1）动宾、介宾结构 7.我们认为这是圈套。（圈套trick） _______________________________________________________________________ 8.我会留意我是否能帮助你 _______________________________________________________________________ 9.请跟我谈谈任何使你烦心的事（trouble） _______________________________________________________________________ (2)it作形式宾语 10.我想当然地认为你会来(take it for granted) _______________________________________________________________________ 11.我会很感激如果你把电视的音量调低（would appreciate it） _______________________________________________________________________ (3)主语+be+表语（adj.）+宾从 12.我确信他会赢（be sure） _______________________________________________________________________ 13.我肯定她看见我了(be certain) _______________________________________________________________________
初中英语语法——三大从句之表语从句
【初中英语语法——三大从句之表语从句】 【表语从句】 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。 表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。 名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句，例如： T he problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)// The s cissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)// What I told him was that I would find h im a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)// That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)// That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语) “That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，又如： That is why you se
e this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮，这就是现在这 个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异，说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。 下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构，它们与“Tha t is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚： (1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“That is the reason why...”中why引 导的是—个定语从句，将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样，例如： That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意 的理由。 (2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词 性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为什么……/ 因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...” 则指由于各种原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last night. That is because he ha d to help his littl e sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有
高中英语三大从句总结 练习
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词who whom whose as when （2）关系副词where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用_____________________。 二、名词性从句 1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if 名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能
初中英语语法-英语从句总结
初中英语语法总结（从句） 英语从句三大类型 按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。 一,名词性从句 1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen. 2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not. 3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not. 4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not. 二,定语从句 1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well. 2非限定性定语从句She is the student, who can speak English well. 三,状语从句 1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here. 2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.
3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student. 4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king. 5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well. 6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well. 7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me. 8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little. 1．定语从句 There are some old books in the box. The boy dressed in blue is from America. ?分清几个概念：先行词与关系代词/关系副词。先行词是指定语从句所修饰的中心词；关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that; 关系副词主要有 when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词有两个作用，一是连接主句和从句的作用，二 是在定语从句中做成分。 ?定语从句分为：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句, 限定性定语从句如果去掉会影 响句子意义的完整性，非限定性定语从句即使去掉也不会影响句子意义的完整性，如： July is the month when we have a lot of rain. There are many plays (that) I’d like to see. The meeting was put off, which surprised us a lot. This note is left by Mary, who was here a moment ago. 1.非限定性定语从句，其作用为：对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明，它与主句用逗号隔 开。此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定语从句中，which可代表前面的整个句子；代表人时只能用who，whom，而不能用that；as也可用作关系代词。例如: 2. telephone，as we know，was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell． 3. D．Roosevelt，who died there on April 12，1945． 4. in a damp（潮湿的）house for a long time is harmful to one’s health，which is known to everyone． 5.限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事，而which只代表事；二者在从句中作主语或 宾语。that作宾语时常可省略，which则不能，而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。which作宾语时，先行词与which之间的介词不能省。例如： 6.first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830． 7. second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part，during which he sailed round the Cape Horn合恩角． ?代表all，anything，something，nothing，much等词时，用that而不用which，that作宾语可省略。例如：
初中英语语法三大从句汇总重点笔记知识讲解
精品文档 初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可
以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 精品文档． 精品文档 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。 whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：
初中英语语法易错题及初中英语语法三大从句汇总
沪江英语 > 初中英语/初中英语语法易错题 一、名词、冠词 1.-What can I do for you? -I'd like two _______. A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple 2. Help yourself to _________. A. some chickens B. a chicken C. some chicken D. any chicken 3. ________ it is today! A. What fine weather B. What a fine weather C. How a fine weather D. How fine a weather 4. Which is the way to the __________? A. shoe factory B. shoes factory C. shoe's factory D. shoes' factory 5. This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them. A. are studying B. is studying C. be studying D. studying 6. We will have a _________ holiday after the exam. A. two month B. two-month C. two month's D. two-months 7.____ trees are cut down in the forests every year. A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of 8. Our sports meeting will be held ________. A. on 24, Tuesday, April B. in April 24, Tuesday
高中英语三大从句总结+练习培训资料
高中英语三大从句总 结+练习
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习 一定语从句 1.定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如： The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素 （1）先行词： （2）关系词： （3）从句： 3.定语从句的关系词 that which （1）关系代词 who whom whose as when （2）关系副词 where why 4.关系词的句法功能： （1）关系代词在定语从句中作______________，关系副词在定语从句中作_______________，关系代词作宾语时可以省略； （2）关系副词在定语从句中作______________。 5.定语从句解题方法 找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。 若从句缺主语或宾语选用_____________________，若从句却状语，选用 _____________________。 二、名词性从句
1.名词性从句分类 （1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句 2.名词性从句的语序 名词性从句使用________________语序 3.名词性从句的引导词 连接词：that, whether, if 名从引导词连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 4.名词性从句引导词的句法功能 （1）连接词： （2）连接代词： （3）连接副词 5.名词性从句解题方法 三、状语从句 1.状语从句的引导词： 时间状语从句： 地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句：
初中英语语法三大从句总结,建议收藏!
在初中英语中，主要有三大从句，即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句（包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 宾语从句 一、定义 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、连接词 that: I think that you can pass the exam. Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means. “Wh”: I don’t know what the word means. I don’t know where he found the book. 只用whether 的情况： 1.与or not 连用： I don’t know whether it’s raining or not. 2.与动词不定式连用： He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation. 3.连接词前有介词时： It depends on whether he is coming. 三、时态 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可) She wants to know what he has done for the exam. 2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。 1）She said that she was a student. 2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3） She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(完整版)初中英语从句知识点总结归纳.doc
宾语从句 一．定义：宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子 如： He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up. 二．宾语从句有三种类型： 1．由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句表示陈述意义，连词 that 常可被省略。例如： I hope (that) they will have fun. Mary said that she felt sleepy. Can’ t you see (that) ’I m a bird? 注意：（1）当主句的谓语动词是 think,believe 等时，宾语从句尽管要表示否定 意义，却不用否定形式，而将 think 等动词变为否定形式。如：I don’t think he will come. 我认为他不会来。 （2）两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词 that， 但第二个从句的连词 that 一般不可以省略。如： He told me (that)they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 2. 由从属连词 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句表示“是否（有，能，已经）” 等一般疑问句的含义。 例如： I wonder whether (if) he lives here. 3.由连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which 和连接副词 when,where,how,why 等引导的宾语从句表示“谁，谁的，什么，哪（个，些），何时，何地，怎样，为 什么” 等等特殊疑问句的意义。除了连接词及被修饰的词提前以外，宾语从句用 陈述句语序。 例如： To masked who could give the message to her mother. Do you know what he said just now? I wondered how old his brother was. 三.宾语从句的时态呼应：“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现” 1．当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。 2．主句是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用过去时的某种形式；当从句叙述的是 客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用现在时态。 3．情态动词 must 一般不用于过去时，但却可以用于主句是过去时的宾语从句中。四.宾语从句的语序 1宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后） 如： I want to know if he can come tomorrow 2当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词 如： She asked me who had helped him 状语从句 英语中 ,修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语。 状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方