专四模拟试题附参考答案8

专四模拟试题附参考答案8
专四模拟试题附参考答案8

专四模拟试题附参考答案(3)8

Text C 短文大意

本文讲的是睡眠问题。琼斯医生说,睡眠紊乱经常被诊断为其他毛病。睡眠有规律是很重要的。与睡前的活动也有关系。晚饭不要吃得太晚,睡前避免过长时间的运动,洗个热水澡,都会使人睡得香一点。

90.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】平均而言,美国人的睡眠时间比过去少。

【试题分析】事实细节题。

【详细解答】答本题应仔细阅读头上两段。第2段说,美国人现在平均每天只睡7个半小时,比1910年平均睡9个小时要少得多。而且,有将近三分之一的美国人在工作完后只剩6个小时还不到的睡眠时间。对大多数人而言,这是不够的。故只有C是正确选项。

91.【参考答案】A

【参考译文】为了保证身体正常工作,我们应该至少有8个小时的睡眠时间。

【试题分析】事实细节题。

【详细解答】[JP+3]本题测试考生对第1段最后第2句话的理解。

该句说,大多数男人和女人每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠时间才能保证他们的正常工作。因此A是正确答案。

92.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】作者认为,睡眠紊乱是由于不合理的睡眠方式引起的。

【试题分析】事实细节题。

【详细解答】第3段第3句说,“许多睡眠问题是由晚睡晚起、经常作跨时区旅行及上夜班引起的”。在这里只提到了“晚睡晚起”,即C所指的improper sleep patterns,而没有提到其他疾病、睡前锻炼和慢性疲劳综合症,因此惟有C是正确选项。

93.【参考答案】B

【参考译文】睡眠之前洗个热水澡可以帮助你睡的香一些。

【试题分析】事实细节题。

【详细解答】本题问的是下面的措施中哪一个可以帮助你睡得香一些。文章最后一句说,改变一下生活方式可以帮助你睡得香一些,句中列举的几项措施包括晚饭不要吃得太晚或洗个热水澡等。故B “洗个热水澡”是正确选项。

94.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】为了得到足够的睡眠,有必要牺牲其他事情。

【试题分析】词语理解题。

【详细解答】本题考对短语“sleep defensively”的意思理解,这要从上下文去理解。下面一句话说,人们须挤出足够的睡眠时间,哪怕这意味着放弃其他的事情。这就解释了该短语的意义。因此选项C“如果必要人们应牺牲其他事情来得到足够的睡眠”是正确答案。

Text D 短文大意

本文讲述的是激光的发现。激光是辐射刺激性放射光扩大的首字母缩略词。当原子或分子没有任何外部的干涉并摆脱超额能量的时候,从太阳或灯泡中就会自然发出普通光。刺激性放射与之不同是因为它的发光是在拥有超额能量的原子或分子被刺激而发射出来的。文章重点叙述了不同时期科学家的工作和研究,其中,汤尼斯和阿瑟 Schawlow作出了巨大贡献,然而人们到今天还在争论谁应享有最终的荣誉。

95.【参考答案】A

【参考译文】下列的陈述哪个最能描述激光?

【试题分析】考查学生对细节理解的能力。

【详细解答】A 刺激原子和分子发出光来的发明;B 高能量状态下的原子;C 破坏原子或分子的技术;D 测定光波的器械。第一段中谈到:激光是辐射刺激性放射光扩大的首字母缩略词,而原子或分

子被刺激而发射出来的光不同于自然发射的光。故A为正确选项。

96.【参考答案】B

【参考译文】为什么汤尼斯早期的刺激性放射工作是用微波来进行的?

【试题分析】考查学生细节阅读的能力。

【详细解答】A 他对光的扩散不感兴趣;B 和更长的波长一起使用更方便;C 他的伙伴Schawlow 已经开始对激光的研究;D 激光已经被开发。第三段第一,二句话表明:最初的成功人物是查尔斯H.汤尼斯,他在纽约的哥伦比亚大学(美)工作。没有用光来工作,他利用微波,因为它有更长的波长。他还建造叫做微波激射器的装置,为辐射刺激性放射的微波扩大。故应选B。

97.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】他在哥伦比亚大学(美)的研究中,查尔斯·汤尼斯用以下的工作,除了________。

【试题分析】考查学生理解细节的能力。

【详细解答】同样参考第②题不难看出,应该选C。

98.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】大约在哪一年,第一个微波激射器被建造了?

【试题分析】考查学生对重点句的理解能力。

【详细解答】第三段第三句话:Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later. 尽管在1951年关键的想法已经产生,第一个微波激射器还是直到二年后完成。所以应该选C。

99.【参考答案】B

【参考译文】为什么人们还在争论谁应该获得提出激光概念的荣誉?

【试题分析】考查学生因果分析的能力。

【详细解答】前面我们说道,汤尼斯和阿瑟Schawlow提出了扩大可视激光波长的条件,然而几乎同时,类似的想法在戈登·古尔德的头脑中结晶了。汤尼斯和Schawlow在科学报刊上发表了他们的想法,但是古尔德把理论归档了。所以,应该选B。

100.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】根据文章,Townes, Arthur Schawlow 和Gordon Gould 没有___________。

【试题分析】考查学生总结分析的能力。

【详细解答】由最后一段可知这三人几乎在同时提出了有关激光的见解,前两人写出了一篇长长的论文,而Gordon Gould 则将这些想法写在了一系列的笔记薄中。正因如此,几十年来人们争论不休

的是激光概念的形成究竟应归功于谁,但是三者确实都为此做出了自己的贡献。只有C项没有明确提及。

专四模拟试题附参考答案(2)8

Text C 短文大意

炼油业是在内战后开始发展起来的,但是在数年后人们才开始使用石油以及其产品。接着,作者又讲述了石油的发现经过。第一位开采石油的人被人们嘲笑为傻子。后来,人们又把石油精炼成各种各样的产品,并在人们的生活中起到了非常重要的作用。

90.【参考答案】A

【参考译文】本篇文章的标题是什么?

【试题分析】主旨归纳型,通过详细阅读文章,找出该文章的标题。

【详细解答】选项A的意思是“炼油业-历史的展望”,与全文的内容完全一致;选项B的意思是“加利福尼亚的淘金热-迅速致富”,这只是文章中一个非常小的细节;选项C的意思是“个人财产-入侵者将被起诉”,这与本文的内容压根无关;选项D的意思是“煤油灯-隧道里的亮光”,这只是文章第三段中的一个小细节。故本文的标题是选项A。

91.【参考答案】A

【参考译文】我们可以从文章中得出结论与煤油相比,鲸油的缺点

是什么。

【试题分析】细节推理型,通过对某一段话的理解,并进行总结和概括。

【详细解答】文章第二段第二句话It was a cheap substitute

for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get.告诉我们鲸油很难得到,而且煤油是一个比较便宜的替代品。故本题的正确答案是A。

92.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】根据文章内容,刚开始很多人认为E. L. Drake开始寻找石油是一个重大的错误。

【试题分析】细节推理型,通过对某一段话的理解,并进行总结和概括。

【详细解答】文章第三段话中的The first oil well was drilled by E. L. Drake, a tired railroad conductor. In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it “Drake’s Folly”.告诉我们E. L. Drake开始寻找石油时,被人们认为是愚蠢的行为。故本题的正确答案是C。

93.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】作者为什么提到加利福尼亚的淘金热?

【试题分析】细节推理型,通过对某一段话的理解,并进行总结和概括。

【详细解答】文章第四段中The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere.提到了“淘金热”。仔细阅读前后的句子,我们可以得出结论:这里是把“淘金热”和发现石油的狂热加以对比。而在四个选项中,只有C在意思和观点上与原文相一致。故本题的正确答案是C。

94.【参考答案】D

【参考译文】下面哪个单词能够替换第五段第二行中的代词one?【试题分析】词义推测型,通过对上下文的理解,推测出代词所代指的含义。

【详细解答】做这类题目时,首先找到该代词所在的位置,并把上下文的句子仔细研读。它们所提供的线索和提示会告诉我们这个陌生单词的意思。特别是该代词前面的名词短语或从句。一般来说,这类题目的答案都能在同一句话的主语或宾语,或者在前一句话的主语和宾语中找到。仔细阅读完前面的句子后,我们可以得知这里one指的是product。故本题的正确答案是D。

Text D 短文大意

本文谈论的是历史考古学的方法和目的是如何发生变化的。考古学长期是用来研究史前文化公认的工具。最近,相同的方法已经有系统的应用到更接近现在的过去的研究,这被叫做“历史考古学”,这个术语在美国被使用,指的是任何延后欧洲人到来的北美遗迹。

随着历史考古学家进入社会,他们知识有限并且长期从事历史文献的深入研究,故他们使用的方法和研究的目的发生了变化。

95.【参考答案】B

【参考译文】文章主要是讨论什么?

【试题分析】考查学生分析理解全文宗旨的能力。

【详细解答】A 为什么历史考古学首先得到发展;B 历史考古学的方法和目的是如何发生变化的;C 建筑对历史考古学做的贡献;D 职业考古学家对历史考古学的态度。文章第一、二段开始提到历史考古学,第三、四段讲到它的方法和目的的变化,第五段举例证明。故B为正确选项。

96.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】20世纪30年代和40年代流行的是什么?

【试题分析】考查学生对文章内容掌握的能力。

【详细解答】A 研究史前文化;B 考古调查;C 建筑物重建;D 历史考古学。由第二段第一句 when building restoration was popular 知C项为正确答案。

97.【参考答案】A

【参考译文】根据第一段所说考古学里的比较新的焦点是什么? 【试题分析】考查学生分析段落大意的能力。

【详细解答】A 最近的过去的调查;B 史前的文化研究;C 在现在的美国挖掘出的古老遗迹;D 比较在北美和在欧洲的发现。第一段第二句:Relatively recently the same techniques have been

systematically applied to studies of the more immediate past。表明A为正确选项。

98.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】根据文章,历史考古学家是什么时候作为人类学家来培养的?

【试题分析】考查学生掌握细节的能力。

【详细解答】A、20世纪30年代之前;B、20世纪30年代到40年代之间;C、20世纪50年代和60年代之间;D、20世纪60年代之后。仔细阅读第三段第一、二句话可以看出选择是C。

99.【参考答案】A

【参考译文】在第三段中,作者暗示社会科学的方法和历史的方法是__________。

【试题分析】考查学生分析比较的能力。

【详细解答】A 非常不同于彼此;B 在研究史前文化时同等有用;C 通常教授于学考古学的学生;D 两者都依据类似的原则。第三段第五句表明:历史考古学家进入社会,由于他们知识有限以及长期从事历史文献的深入研究,故他们对美国社会的贡献并不大。这一切都说明A是本题的选择。

100.【参考答案】C

【参考译文】作者提到在萨克拉门托的一个旅馆的发掘是为了举例说明__________。

【试题分析】本题测试考生根据文章内容进行综合归纳的能力。

【详细解答】〖JP3〗A 建筑物再建设计;B 最初的历史考古学家的工作;C 与记录的文献相冲突的发现;D 历史学家照常规核查的信息。文章第四段第一、二句话表明:职业考古学家正在提供崭新的视点来反映普通人的生活,而他们的生活通常没有正确的记载。紧接着作者开始在最后一段举出例子证明与记录的文献相冲突的发现。故C是正确选项。

英语专业四级模拟试卷

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仁爱版2020届中考英语模拟试卷(四)B卷

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中考英语模拟试题4

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