虚拟条件句的三种基本类型
虚拟语气
在表示一种纯假想的情况或主观愿望时,动词需用一种特殊形式,称为虚拟语气。虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不就是客观存在的事实,而就是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: If I were you, I should study English、 (如果我就是您,我就学英语了。)May you succeed! (祝您成功！) 那在什么情况下用虚拟语气?
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气;表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。
虚拟条件句的三种基本类型
条件句有真实条件句与非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设就是有可能发生的,而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想,与事实相反或不大可能会发生,即如果假设的情况就是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则就是虚拟条件句。:
If I have time, I will go with them、假若我有时间,我就同她们去。(陈述语气)
If I were you, I would go with them、假若我就是您,我就同她们去。(虚拟语气)
虚拟条件句的三种基本类型:
一、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, migh t)+动词原形”:
If you took a taxi,you’d get there quicker、如果您坐出租车去,您可以快一点到那里。(但您不坐) If I knew her number I could ring her up、要就是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道)
二、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“s hould (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”:
If I’d left sooner,I’d have been on time、要就是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life、要就是我们当时早点找到她的话,我们就可以救活她。(可惜我们找到她太晚了)
三、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, migh t)+动词原形”:
If he went,would you go too? 如果她去,您也去不?(大概她不会去)
If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help us、如果我向她提出要求,肯定她会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做)
注:几点特别说明
①主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。would, might, could的大致区别就是:would表示结果, might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。比较:
If you tried again you would succeed、要就是您再试一试,您就会成功的。(would表结果)
If you tried again you might succeed、要就是您再试一试,您可能会成功的。(might表可能)
If you tried again you could succeed、要就是您再试一试,您就能成功了。(could表能力)
②条件从句的谓语动词为be时,不管其主语为单数还就是复数通常都用were,但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称与第三人称后,也可用was,不过在If I were you这样的表达中,通常还就是以用were 为宜。
③有时条件从句用would表示愿意:
If he would live on with me, I would be his better half、要就是她还愿意跟我过,我仍会做她的妻子。
④对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:一就是这里说的与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测;二就是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设);三就是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气或祈使语气:
If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me、万一明天下雨,就不要等我了。
I should see him, I’ll tell him、万一我见到她,我就告诉她。
使用虚拟语气的几类从句
1、wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气
要表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时,表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词,表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would (c ould)＋动词原形。如:
I wish he were more careful、您就是您更仔细点就好了。
I wish I hadn’t said that、我要就是没有说那话就好了。
I wish I could speak your language、但愿我能讲您们国家的话。
2、if only后的句子用虚拟语气
if only 与I wish一样,也用于表示与事实相反的愿望,其后所虚拟语气的时态与wish后所接时态的情况相同。如:
If only I weren't so nervous、但愿我不这样紧张。
If only I had listened to your advice! 我要就是听了您的劝告就好了!
3、as if (though) 从句用虚拟语气
以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句,有时用虚拟语气,若表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;若表示与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;表示将来的可能性不大,用would (might, could)+动词原形。如:
I love you as if you were my son、我爱您就像您就是我的儿子。
注:若从句所内容可能为事实,也可用陈述语气。如:
t seems as if we shall have to walk、似乎我们得步行了。
4、It’s time后的从句用虚拟语气
从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来,有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见,且shoul d不能省略),其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如:
It’s time we ordered dinner、现在该叫菜了。
I think it’s t ime you made up her mind、我想您该拿定主意了。
注:time前有时有about与high修饰。
5、would rather后句子用虚拟语气
通常用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望,用过去完成时表过去的愿望。如:
I’d rather you didn't do it、您宁愿您别这样做。
I would rather you didn’t mention the pric e、我宁愿意您没提价钱。
6、某些用虚拟语气的宾语从句
在表示“坚持”、“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词有人归纳为“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”,这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。如:
I insisted that he (should) stay、我坚持要她留下。
The doctor advised that he change his job、医生劝她换工作。
注:动词insist, suggest后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别就是:若从句内容尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气;若从句内容已经成为事实,则用陈述语气。比较:
He insisted that I had read his letter、她坚持说我瞧过她的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter、她坚持要我瞧她的信。
7、某些用虚拟语气的主语从句
形容词important, impossible, necessary等后的主语从句通常用虚拟语气。如:
It is impossible that he should leave here、她不可能会离开这儿。
It is necessary that he be sent there at once、有必要马上派她到那里去。
要注意题中的虚拟语气
请瞧下面两道题,虽然不就是考查虚拟语气,但其中的虚拟语气对做题至关重要:
题1:—It looks as if he were drunk、
—So it does、_________、
A、He’d better give up drinking
B、He shouldn’t h ave drunk so much
C、Health is more important than drink
D、I wonder why he is always doing so
【分析】此题最佳答案为D,但A、B、C均有可能误选,主要就是受题中drunk 一词的影响。
做此题的关键就是要抓住It looks as if he were drunk 中的关键词were,因为它表明此句的谓语为虚拟语气,也就就是说,“她喝醉了”不就是事实,只就是她的言行好像就是喝醉了,所以此题的最佳答案就是D。另外注意,句中的so it does 表示强调,意为:她瞧上去的确像就是喝醉了。
类似用法:
—The building looks beautiful、这房子瞧上去很美。
—Yes, so it does、就是的,瞧上去的确很美。
此句中的so it does 也表强调。
题2:I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _________ too busy、
A、was
B、had been
C、would be
D、would have been
【分析】此题容易误选B或D,认为前句用了had hoped,所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。正确答案为A:前一句谓语用had hoped,表示的就是过去未曾实现的想法或打算,可以译为“本想”,而后一句说“我太忙”,这就是陈述过去的一个事实,所以要用一般过去时。请瞧类例(答案均为A):
(1)We had hoped to catch the 10:20 train, but _________ it was gone、
A、found
B、had found
C、would find
D、would have found
(2)We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _________、
A、didn't
B、hadn't
C、would not
D、would not been
(3)We had wanted to come to see him, but we _________ no time、
A、had
B、had had
C、would have
D、would have had
(4)I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone _________ and I couldn't get away、
A、called
B、had called
C、would call
D、would have called
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法总结
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法 先看一道高考题： ____ more attention，the trees could have grown better． A．Given B．To give C．Giving D．Having given （答案是A） 句中"．．．the trees could have grown better"是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better．"来表示，就不难理解了。很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为"含蓄条件句"。 含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。现分述如下： 一、介词短语 常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with，without，in，under，but for等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if从句替换。 （1）without，with without表示否定的条件，意为if．．．not；with与without意义相反，表示肯定的条件。如：Without air，there would be no living things．（without air ＝if there were no air）没有空气，便没有生物。 With her help（＝If I had her help），I would do the experiment well．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。 （2）under Under the leadership of a less experienced person，the experiment would have failed．（u nder．．．＝If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person）假设在一个缺少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。 （3）in I would have lost my head in that position．（in that position ＝if I had been in that po sition）我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。 （4）but for
if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解
虚拟语气(一) 一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America 如果我是你，我就会努力学习 If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了 If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛． If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.
使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点： １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了． If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) ２．省略句 在条件句中，可省略if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式．If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Were I a boy, I would join the army. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 （1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。 表现在过去时 表过去过去完成时 表将来would, might, could＋动词原形 I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. I wish (that) I were a bird. I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I would\could go.
虚拟语气if假设句
一．分别对过去、现在和未来的假设 1、过去发生事情进行假设 这时从句动词用had done，主句用would/should/could/might+have done If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam. If you had asked me, I would have told you. I would have been in bad trouble if Jane hadn’t helped me. If it hadn’t been for your help, we could have been in lots of trouble.(要不是你的帮助，我们要陷入很大的麻烦) 2、对现在情形进行假设 这时从句用did和were（be 动词都改成were），主句为would should/could/might+do If I knew her name, I would tell you. I would perfectly happy, if I had a car. If I were rich，I would spend all my time traveling. If my nose were a little shorter I’d be quite pretty. If it weren’t for the children, we could go skiing.要不是孩子们的原因，我们就会去滑雪 3、对将来情形假设 这时从句有以下三种动词形式 1.were/did 2.were to 3.should 主句为would/should/could/might+do看看下面的例子 What would I do if I were to lose/should lose/lost my job？ If you were to move your chair a bit, we could all sit down. if it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, I would not go out. If they should play/were to play / played better next time , they would not fail again
If条件句和虚拟语气
If条件句和虚拟语气 if 条件句和虚拟语气 包含条件从句的句子叫条件句。条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句（First conditional）,一类是非真实条件句(Second Conditional)。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句；如果是纯属假设情况或是不可能发生或可能性不大的情况，则是非真实条件句。 1.真实条件句,可用if和unless引导 1）一个动作发生，另一动作随之发生 I’ll lend Peter the money if he needs it. If he has time, he will come. If he doesn’t come before 12 o’clock, we won’t wait for him. I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. I won’t go to her party unless I am invited. 2）表示命令、建议或请求,这时的if等于when If she telephones, let me know. Give my love to Lawrence if you see him. 3)will用于if从句中，不表示将来，而表示愿意或坚持的意思 If you will come this way, I’ll take you to the manager’s office. If you will get drunk every night, it’s not surprising you feel ill. 2. 非真实条件句
非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句和错综时间条件句 1）虚拟条件句分三类，其结构列表如下： If I become president, I’ll make all of my people live a happy life. (竞选总统的候选人这样说) If I became president, I’d make all of my people live a happy life. (一个小学生这样说) l 以下与现在事实相反 He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors. I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I hade time, I would certainly go to the movie with you. l 以下与过去事实相反 If you had come here a little earlier, you would have met the pop star. I don’t know what would have happened if Jane hadn’t been able to speak Japanese. l 以下推测将来 If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way. If it should rain again, what else could we do? 2) 错综时间条件句
真实条件句,虚拟语气.
当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。首先看以下例句：（1） You like calssical music, don't you? 你也喜欢古典音乐，对吗？(2 He lived in Vienna, too,didn't he? 他也住在维也纳，对吗？（3）Your parents can swim, can't they? 你父母会游泳，是吗？（4） Tony doesn't like classical music,does he? 托尼不喜欢古典音乐，对吗？（5） This music isn't very popular, is it? 这音乐并非十分流行，对吗？从以上句子可以看出，反意疑问句是由“助动词/ 系动词be（肯定或否定）+主语（代词）” 构成的。在反意疑问句的构成中要注意以下几点： 1.前面当陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式，如（1）、（2）、（3）；前面的陈述句如果是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式，如（4）、（5）； 2.反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词； 3.翻译疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句谓语动词保持一致。陈述句部分如果有标识否定意义的词，反意疑问句要用肯定式。如：They have never visited his home, have they? 他们从来没有到他家玩过，是吧？在回答反意疑问句时，要特别注意英、汉两种语言习惯的差别。试看下面当例句：——Mr Smith isn't American, is he? 史密斯先生不是美国人，对吧？——Oh yes, he is.不对，他是美国人。可以看出，在英语中，无论问题是怎样问的，只要答语的事实是肯定句，就要用YES；只要答语的事实是否定的，就要用NO. 编辑本段英语18种特殊的反意疑问句介绍 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如：Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如： Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？ 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？ 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。 一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类： 1).真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。例如： ⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。 (2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。） 2).虚拟条件句（Sentences of Unreal Condition）：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。例如： ⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen h is old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。 ⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。） 2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能
够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是： ①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。例： ⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my stud ents. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 4、注意事项 ①if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。
if引导的虚拟条件句(20200509141756)
Subjunctive Mood Ⅰ. Listen to the songs and fill in the blanks Number one: If _______________, _____________so high That the only people near me Would be the pilots in the sky. And If _______________, _______ so gracefully Through the air so all mankind could see. If _______________ Number two: If ______________I'd never hear your voice again, ___________each thing you ever said And on those lonely nights I could think of them once more And keep your words alive inside my head If _______________I'd never hear your voice again Number three: If I ______________, I _______________ in your way So I'll go, but I know I'll think of you every step of the way And I will always love you I will always love you Number four: yeah if ___________, then money, fame and fortune never _____________ If ____________, _____________a party( it'd be ecstasy(狂喜)) yeah if __________ you y-y-y-y do y-y-y-y-y do y-y-y-y-y do If _____________ that would be the only thing I'd ever need Subjunctive mood is used to talk about situations that are ______ true or _____ likely to become true. Ⅱ Observe the following sentences and put them into throw groups 1.If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go and see my friends. 2. If she hadn't called me, I could have overslept(睡过头) this morning. 3. If he were you, I might go and try. 4. If I had time right now, I should certainly help you. 5. If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you. 6. If it should rain in the near future, the crops could be saved. 7. If he were here tomorrow, I should speak to him. 8. If we had no air and water, we wouldn't survive. 9. If it snowed tomorrow, I might stay at home. 10. If you were to be a millionaire soon, what would you do with your money? Contrary to the present:__________________ Contrary to the past:_____________________ Contrary to the future:___________________ Ⅲ Structures of subjunctive mood 1. 虚拟条件从句主句 与现在事实 相反的假设If+S+________________ S+_____________________ 与过去事实 相反的假设If+S+ ________________ S+_____________________ 与将来事实 相反的假设 _______________ If+ S+ _______________ _______________ S+_____________________ 2. If 的省略:________________________________________________ 3. 错综条件句:______________________________________________ 1)If you had followed my advice the other day, you would feel better now.
if条件句中的虚拟语气(一)(同步练习)-word文档资料
（答题时间：20分钟） 一、单项选择： 1. —I didn’t attend the lecture yesterday. —I ________, either，if my mother hadn’t reminded me. A. wouldn’t B. wouldn’t have C. didn’t D. hadn’t 2. —Will you accept the job offer? —If I ________ five years younger, I ________ it. A. were; would have taken B. have been; would take C. were; would take D. had been; would have taken 3. —Pity you missed the concert. —I ________ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. must have attended B. had attended C. would have attended D. would attend 4. Don’t complain about your pet dog.Your pet dog _____ like you more, if you ____ him better. A. would, treated B. could, had treated C. can, treated D. would, treat 5. If he _____ tomorrow, we _____ the meeting till next week. A. should not come, would put off B. does not come, would put off C. comes, will put off D. came, would put off 二、翻译下列句子： 1. 如果我是你，我就会努力学习。 ____________________________________________________ 2. 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛。 ____________________________________________________ 3. 假如明天他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？ ____________________________________________________ 4. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。 __________________________________________________ 5. 如果我是Tom，我不会做这样的事情。 ____________________________________________________ 6. 如果我很了解她，我会告诉你关于她的一些情况。 ____________________________________________________ 7. 如果我能出国，我会到美国去。
if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句
Unit 4 一. if 条件句 if可以引导真实条件句和虚拟条件句。真实条件句表示在假设的条件下，能够实现的情况。在这种情况下，主句和从句的谓语动语随各自的人称和时态发生变化，同时if条件句遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我们去野餐。 如果if条件句用来描述说话人认为与事实相反的内容，或仅是一种愿望，假设、猜测等，我们称为虚拟条件句。 If I got rich , I would travel around the world. 如果我有钱了，我将周游全世界。 1. —I often get nervous when I have an English class. What should I do?
—If I were you, I . (ask the English teacher for help) 2. —What would the earth be like if there ?(is no air or water on it) —It could be like the moon without any living things. 3. If it ,the crops would be saved. (is to rain tomorrow) 4. If we had found him earlier, we .(solve the problem more easily) 5. If I hadn’t been so busy, I .(take part in the party) 四、单选。 ( )1. If my father here now, he tell me what to do. A. were, would B. were, will C. is would D. is will ( )2. If I a bee, I work much harder. A. were, would B. were, shall C. had, will D. have, should ( )3. If I much money, I buy a house. A. have, will B. had, would C. had, will D. have, should ( )4. He learn more quickly if he harder. A. will, work B. would , worked C. would, work D. will, worked ( )5. If I you, I do that. A. was, wouldn’t were, wouldn’t C. am, won’t D. were, won’t ( )6. It’s quite impossible that it will rain tomorrow. But if it ,I would still go to the park. A. should rains B. would rain C. rained D. had rained 五、汉泽英 1. 如果我是你，我会帮助她。If I you, I her. 2. 如果我以前去过那个地方，我就认识路了。（和相反） If I to the place before, I the way. 3. 万一你明天迟到了，我们就不等你了。（和相反） If you tomorrow, we for you.=If you late tomorrow, we for you. 4. 如果没有空气，地球上就不存在生物。 If there no air, there no living things.
高考if条件句虚拟语气
高考虚拟语气试题 1. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone 2. If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed 3. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 4. If I ___ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have 5. If he had not gone out in the storm _____. A. he will be alive now B. he would be alive now C. he would have been alive now 6. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 7. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should k now D. knew 8. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet. A. is to, should B. were to, would C. were going to, would D. was going to, should 9. If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now. A. had lis tened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 10. ---- I thought you would come back tomorrow. ---- I would if I ___ to attend a meeting. A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. will not have D. would not have 11. If I had hurried, I ___ the train. A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had caught 12. If I had known that, I ___ so. A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done C. won’t do D. have not done 13. If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. we re 14. If the doctor had been available, the child ___. 教育是一项良心工程 1
必修2 If真实条件句与虚拟条件句
If真实条件句与虚拟条件句 真实条件句与虚拟条件句 1.真实条件句 真实条件句是指主句中的某一动作或状态是在真实情况下或有可能实现的情形下发生的。在表示真实条件句的复合句中，表条件的状语从句和表结果的主句的谓语都用陈述语气。 * If you come back late, your mother will worry about you. 如果你回来晚了，你妈妈会担心的。（if引导真实条件句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来） * If your suggestion is rejected, they will let you know. 如果你的建议遭到拒绝，他们会让你知道的。（if引导真实条件句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来） 2.虚拟条件句 （1）虚拟条件句指的是与事实相反或不太可能实现的事。在表示非真实条件的复合句中，表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主语的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
* If I were you, I would focus my attention on looking after my elderly parents. 如果我是你，我会把注意力集中在照顾年迈的父母上。（if引导虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反，主句谓语动词用would do,从句谓语动词用过去式，be用were） * If he had got up a little earier, he wouldn’t have been late. 如果他早一点起床，他就不会迟到了。（if引导虚拟条件句，叙述与过去事实相反，主句用谓语动词would have done,从句谓语动词用had done） * If he should come(were to come/came)tomorrow, I would treat him to dinner. 如果他明天来，我就请他吃饭。（if引导虚拟条件句，叙述与将来事实相反，主句谓语动词用would do,从句谓语动词有三种形式：should do, were to do, 过去式） 当条件状语从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整，这种虚拟条件句称之为错综复杂虚拟条件句。往往是主句叙述与现在事实相反，谓语动词用would/should/might/could do,而从句叙述与过去事实相反，
If 条件句 虚拟语气
If 条件句虚拟语气 if 条件句 If it hadn’t rained ,I would have been out to play If I were to be a doctor,I would help those patients Hadn’t it rained, ,I would have been out to play 情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气： Should have done 本该做。。却没做 Shouldn’t have dong 不该做。。却做了 Needn’t have done 没必要做。。。却做了。。。 例如：I should have called me . 强化训练：虚拟语气 1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we ----- all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 2.-------- more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he ------me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able 4.----------- today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 5. ______I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were 6. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he-------- our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be
虚拟条件句练习题附答案
虚拟条件句 在英语中，语气是动词的一种形式，用来表示说话人的意图或态度。 英语的语气有三种：_____语气（表示所说的话是事实）， _____语气（表示所说的话是请求或命令） _____语气（表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望或假设或建议等）。 如果所表示的条件是真实的，或者完全有可能实现的，叫真实条件句，主句和从句的谓语都用陈述语气。如果所表示的条件不可能实现或者实现的可能性很小时，叫非真实条件句，主句和从句的谓语要用虚拟语气。 （ 练习： 1.If I _____(be) you, I __________(tell) them the truth. 如果我是你的话，我就会把真相告诉他们。 2.If I_____(get) the information, I__________(let) you know first. 如果我知道这个情况的话，我会第一个告诉你。 3.If we__________(have) enough money, we _______________(buy)the house. 如果我们有足够的钱的话，我们就买下那座房子了。 4.If she ______________(come), what _______________(say) to her? 万一她来了，我该怎么对她说呢？ 5.If you don’t hurry, you__________(be) late for school. （2）省略if的虚拟条件句 在虚拟条件句中，如果有were，had，或should，就可以省略if，把这些助动词放在句首。 练习：改写下面句子，省略句中if 1.If I were you, I would tell them the truth. 2.If we had had enough money, we would have bought the house. 3.If she should come, what should I say to her? 能力训练
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法总结
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法先看一道高考题： ___ more attention ，the trees could have grown better ． A．Given B．To give C．Giving D ．Having given (答案是A ) 句中" ．．．the trees could have grown better" 是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better ．" 来表示，就不难理解了。很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为" 含蓄条件句" 。含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。现分述如下：一、介词短语常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with ，without ，in ，under ，but for 等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if 从句替换。 ( 1 ) without ，with without 表示否定的条件，意为if ．．．not ；with 与without 意义相反，表示肯定的条件。如： Without air , there would be no living things .(without air = if there were no air)没有空气，便没有生物。 With her help (= If I had her help )，I would do the experiment well ．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。 ( 2 ) under Under the leadership of a less experienced person ，the experiment would have failed ．( u nder ．．．= If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person )假设在一个缺 少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。 (3 ) in I would have lost my head in that position ．( in that position = if I had been in that po sition )我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。 ( 4 ) but for