英语听力和翻译

UNIT1 L1

While some visitors to Singapore expect a high-tech city, there are also some parts of the island that still reflect how it used to look before urban development took over.

In one of the main Central Nature Reserves, monkeys still roam freely, living side by side with humans. The macaques have grown accustomed to being fed, so they look to humans as a source of food. But this in itself is problematic. As the monkeys depend more on humans for food, they venture further from their natural habitat, a phenomenon that has worried experts.

There is just not enough space. Essentially, in much of Southeast Asia we’ve seen a lot of habitat loss where rainforest has been destroyed and converted into human settlement. Singapore is a very urbanized city, and it’s taken a lot of space, so there is not much space left for long-tailed macaques.

We really need to stop encroaching into nature reserves. We need to stop building the houses so nearby the reserves, which then causes the problem of the macaqu es coming into people’s houses and raiding them. These macaques are French species so they live on the edges of the rainforests.

If humans keep building the houses so near the reserves, there will definitely be a constant human-macaque conflict issue.

After all, the macaques are essential to maintaining the rainforest’s ecosystem. More should be done to protect them.

虽然一些游客到新加坡，期待一个高科技城市，也有一些地区的岛屿，还反映了如何使用前看了城市发展。在一个主要中心的自然保护区，猴子仍然在自由，并肩生活与人类。猕猴们已经习惯了被美联储，让他们看看人类作为食物来源。但这本身是有问题的。由于猴子更依赖人类的食物，他们进一步从他们的自然栖息地，这种现象还担心专家。有没有足够的空间。基本上，在南洋的许多我们见过很多栖息地丧失在雨林遭到破坏并转化为人居。新加坡是一个城市化的城市，它采取了很多的空间，因此没有多少空间留给长尾猕猴。我们真的要停止侵犯到自然保护区。我们需要停止建造的房屋附近的储备，然后导致问题的猕猴进入人们的房屋和袭击他们。这是法国的物种，他们生活在边缘的热带雨林。如果人类继续建造的房子，靠近储备，肯定会有一个恒定的人类猕猴的冲突问题。毕竟，猕猴是必不可少的维护雨林的生态系统。应采取更多措施保护他们。

L2

During the whole year’s promotion, a series of activities will be held to promote public awareness in protecting biodiversity like summit forums and biodiversity knowledge competitions. Also, the government will conduct supervision to fight illegal hunting and other related conduct in nature reserves nationwide.

Wan Bentai, general engineer at the Ministry of Environmental Protection says biodiversity is vital to human life. The Earth is colorful just because of biodiversity. If all the species were gone and there were only us humans left, humans wouldn’t be able to survive.

Biodiversity not only refers to all the species, including animals, plants and insects but also the genes and our living environment. However, dozens of species are disappearing on our planet everyday. Currently, 34,000 plants and 5,200 animals are on the edge of extinction.

Scientists say many species’ extinction is attributed to human activities. Many animals are endangered because of human activities like hunting and fishing. But many animals

have a close connection with humans, so we should treat them as friends. Besides, many plants make great contributions to human life, some of which are even more precious than gold.

在整个一年的推广，我们将举办一系列活动来促进公众意识在保护生物多样性和生物多样性知识竞赛像高峰论坛。此外，政府将进行监督，打击非法狩猎和其他相关行为在全国自然保护区。万bentai，总工程师在环境保护部说，生物多样性是人类生活。地球是因为生物多样性丰富多彩。如果所有的物种都不见了，也只有我们人类，人类就无法生存。生物多样性不仅是指所有物种，包括动物，植物和昆虫也和我们的生存环境。然而，许多物种正在消失，我们这个星球上生活。目前，34000种植物和5200种动物在灭绝的边缘。科学家说，很多物种的灭绝是由于人类活动。很多动物正在濒临灭绝由于人类活动，如狩猎和捕鱼。但许多动物有着密切的联系与人类，所以我们应该把他们当作朋友。此外，许多植物做出重大贡献的人的生命，其中一些甚至比黄金更宝贵。

UNIT2 L1

When it comes to intelligence, there has always been one fundamental question: Is intelligence a function of nature? Is it simply encoded in a child’s genes? Or is it a function of nurture? Is it more about the environment that a child grows up in?

On the one hand, if we take two people at random from the crowd, it is very likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. However, if we take two identical twins, chances are that they will be as intelligent as each other. Therefore, a conclusion can be drawn that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. On the other hand, though, if we put identical twins in different environments, we would find differences in their intelligence several years later, which indicates that environment does play a crucial role in people’s intelligence.

Recently, data has clearly indicated that nurture is indeed more than 50% of the equation. That is good news for educators, but even better news for society as a whole.

Fortunately, President Obama has come out in strong support of early childhood education, particularly for those children most at risk of school failure. Investing in quality pre-school opportunities clearly helps give children from poverty-stricken areas the chance at a stronger start in school and in life.

If we are serious about helping our children succeed in school, if we are truly interested in “Leaving No Child Behind,” we will take a hard look at this compelling data and begin investing greater sums at the early childhood level.

在智力上，一直存在的一个基本问题：一是智力功能的性质？这是编码在一个孩子的基因？或者这是一个功能的培养？这是更

多的环境，孩子长大？一方面，如果我们把人随机从人群，这可能是他们的智力将完全不同。然而，如果我们取两只相同的双胞胎，机会是他们将被作为智能对方。因此，可以得出结论，我们的智力在某种程度上是天生的。另一方面，虽然，如果我们把相同的双胞胎在不同的环境中，我们可以找到不同的情报，几年后，这表明环境发挥关键作用，在人的智力。最近，数据清楚地表明，培养确实是50%以上的方程。这是一个好消息，教育工作者，但甚至是更好的消息给整个社会。幸运的是，奥巴马总统已经表示了强烈支持儿童早期教育，特别是对那些最危险的儿童学校的失败。投资于优质学前教育机会显然有助于给贫困地区的孩子的机会，更开始在学校和生活。如果我们真的想帮助我们的孩子在学校取得成功，如果我们真正感兴趣的是―没有留下孩子，―我们将认真审视这一令人信服的数据并开始投资金额大的幼儿教育水平。

Albert Einstein was a German-born physicist, although most people probably know him as the most intelligent person who ever lived. His name has become part of many languages when we want to say someone is a genius, as in the phrase, “She’s a real Einstein”. He must have been pretty brainy to discover the Theory of Relativity and the equation E=MC2.

In 1999, Time Magazine named Einstein as the Person of the Century. No one could have

guessed this would happen when he was in school. He was extremely interested in science but hated the system of learning things by rote memory. He said it destroyed learning and creativity. He had already done many experiments but failed the entrance exams to a technical college. He didn’t let this setback stop him. When he was 16, he performed his famous experiment of imagining traveling alongside a beam of light. He eventually graduated from university, in 1900, with a degree in physics.

Twelve years later he was a university professor and in 1921, he won the Nobel Prize for

Physics. He went on to publish over 300 scientific papers. Einstein is the only scientist to become a cult figure, a household name and part of everyday culture. He once joked that when people stopped him in the street, he always replied, “Pardon me, sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein.” Today, he is seen as the typical mad, absentminded professor, who just happened to change our world.

艾伯特爱因斯坦是一个德裔物理学家，虽然大部分人都知道他是最聪明的人谁住。他的名字已经成为我的一部分，许多语言，当我们想要说某人是一个天才，在短语，―她是一个真正的爱因斯坦‖。他一定很聪明发现相对论和方程=mc 2。在1999年代，杂志将爱因斯坦列为世纪之人。没有人能想到这会发生，当他在学校。他对科学感兴趣，但极讨厌死记硬背学习系统内存。他说，它破坏了学习与创新。他已经做了许多实验，但未能通过入学考试技术学院。他不让这一挫折阻止他。他16岁时，他进行了著名的实验想象旅游与一束光线。最后他从大学毕业，在1900，与物理学学位。十二年后，他是一个大学教授，并在1921，他获得了诺贝尔奖物理。他继续发表超过300篇科学论文。爱因斯坦是唯一的科学家成为偶像人物，一个家喻户晓的名字和部分日常文化。他曾经开玩笑说，当人们在街上拦住他，他总是回答说，―对不起，对不起！我一直误认为是爱因斯坦教授。‖今天，他是被视为典型的疯狂，心不在焉的教授，他要改变我们的世界。UNIT3 L1

To imagine life in the future, you have to know what might be possible. You also need a lot of imagination. There have been many exhibits, such as those at World‘s Fairs and theme parks, showing how future homes might look and work, sponsored by builders, developers or technology companies. Science fiction is another way to pre dict the future. It‘s a kind of writing that blends real science with fantasy. Over the years, science fiction writers, artists and engineers have had many ideas about what life would be like in the future. Here‘s a look at what some of the leading scientists are working on today to bring into your homes tomorrow.

On the outside a home might look like any other. But inside, it can be high-tech all the way! Computer scientists have found new ways to use technology to make people‘s lives easier. For instance, sensors can show if someone is in your home and where they are at all times. You can check in from any computer —anywhere. The stuff of cutting-edge scientific research today is tomorrow‘s household technology, and high-tech consumer products could be available in your future home!

想象未来的生活，你必须知道什么是可能的。你还需要很多的想象力。有很多的展品，如在世界博览会，主题公园，展示了如何未来的家的样子和工作，由建筑商，开发商或科技公司。科幻小说是另一种方式来预测未来。它是一种书写将现实科学与幻想。多年来，科幻小说作家，艺术家和工程师有很多想法，生活会是什么样子。这里看看什么的一些著名科学家的工作今天带到你家，明天。在家庭以外可能看起来像任何其他。但里面，它可以是高新一路！计算机科学家已经找到新的方法来使用技术，使人们的生活更方便。例如，传感器可以表明如果有人在你的家庭和他们所处的位置。你可以从任何计算机的任何地方。东西的尖端科研今天是明天的家用技术和高科技产品消费，会在你未来的家！

What if we could wear bodysuits to give us super strength? Own an identical robot twin to work for us? What if we could travel through time? Technology is pushing from every direction, getting faster with each passing second. Prepare yourself! The future is closer than you think.

A robot conducting a symphony orchestra! Amazing as that is, it‘s just one way reality is

outpacing science fiction. Every day robots become even more sophisticated, taking on additional human traits. Until now, robots have mostly gotten the toughest jobs. They work at the assembly line and defuse or even detonate explosive devices.

The traditional tasks for a robot have always been the 3-D‘s: dull, dirty, dangerous. But as

technology improves and as researchers are work towards

developing these intelligent humanoids, we are going to see our homes and offices occupied by robots. It makes sense that if you are going to build a general-purpose robot that can perform any task that a human can do, you‘d like to give it a human shape. It can walk gracefully. His creators study motion-capture video of both humans and animals. I believe that humanoid technologies will improve our lives in the 21st century.

如果我们可以穿紧身衣给我们超强的实力？拥有一双相同的机器人为我们工作吗？如果我们能通过时间旅行？技术是推动从各个方向，越来越快，在过去的每一秒。准备自己！未来比你想象的更接近。机器人在指挥交响乐管弦乐团！令人惊异的是，这只是一个方法，现实是超过了科幻小说。每一天，机器人变得更加复杂，承担额外的人类特质。直到现在，机器人大多得到最艰难的工作。他们的工作在装配线和化解或甚至引爆爆炸装置。传统的任务，为机器人一直是三维的：迟钝，脏的，危险的。但作为技术的改进和研究人员正在努力发展这些智能机器人，我们要把我们的家里和办公室被机器人。这是有道理的，如果你想建立一个通用的机器人，可以执行任何任务

一个人可以做的，你想给它一个人形。它可以优雅地走。他的创作研究人类和动物的动作捕捉视频。我相信拟人化技术将提高我们的生活在第二十一世纪。

UNIT4 L1

A leading US scientist has predicted that computers will be as intelligent as humans by 2029. Futurologist Dr Ray Kurzweil told the American Association for the Advancement of Science that in the near future, machine intelligence will overtake the power of the human brain. He said that within two decades computers will be able to think quicker than humans. Dr Kurzweil painted a picture of us having tiny robots called nanobots implanted in our brain to boost our intelligence and health. He told reporters that these microscopic nanobots would work with our brains to make us think faster and give us more powerful memories. Kurzweil explained that we are already ―a human machine civilization‖ and that the upcoming technology ―will be a further extension of that.‖

Dr Kurzweil was one of 18 top intellectuals asked by the US National Academy of Engineering to identify our greatest technological challenges. Other experts included Google founder Larry Page and the human genome pioneer Dr Craig Venter. Kurzweil has a very impressive background in science and innovation. He was an innovator in various fields of computing, including the technology behind CDs. He also pioneered automatic speech recognition by machines. He predicts the pace of new inventions will increase greatly from now, saying: ― … the next half century will see 32 times more technical progress than the past half century.‖ This mean s scenes from science fiction movies, like Blade Runner, The Terminator and I, Robot, will become more and more a part of our everyday lives. 美国著名科学家预测，电脑会和人一样聪明2029。未来学家雷·库兹韦尔博士告诉美国科学促进协会，在不久的将来，机器智能将超过人脑的能力。他说，二十年内，电脑将能够觉得快于人类。Kur zweil博士画了一张我们有微小机器人为机器人植入大脑中增加我们的智慧和健康。他告诉记者，这些微小的纳米机器人将与我们的大脑，使我们觉得更快，让我们更强大的记忆。库兹威尔解释说，我们已经是―一人一机文明‖，即将到来的技术‖将进一步的延伸。‖Kur zweil博士是一个18的高级知识分子的要求由美国国家工程院确定我们最大的技术挑战。其他专家包括谷歌创始人佩吉和人类基因组的先驱克雷格·文特尔博士。有一个非常令人印象深刻的时代背景，在科学和创新。他是一个创新者在各种领域的计算，包括背后的技术光盘。他还首创了自动语音识别机。他预测的步伐的新发明将大大增加了，说：―……接下来的半个世纪将看到32倍以上的技术进展比过去半个世纪。‖这意味着从科幻电影场景，像银翼杀手的终结者，我，机器人，将越来越成为我们日常生活的一部分生活。

The scientists who launched the Human Genome Project believed in the power of genetic information to transform health care to allow earlier diagnosis of diseases than ever before and to fuel the creation of powerful new medicines.

But it was also clear that genetic information could potentially be used in ways that are hurtful or unfair —for example denying health insurance because of an increased risk for developing a particular disease.

Aware of the danger and hoping to ward it off, the founders of the Human Genome Project created a program to explore the ethical, legal, and social implications of new genetic knowledge. The goal was to anticipate problems that might arise and to prompt solutions.

For example, in the future, doctors will likely be able to give each of us a ―genetic report card‖ that wil l spell out our risk of developing a variety of different diseases. But will we really want that information? How will it be used? Who will have access to our genetic information? How will it affect our lives, our families, and our communities?

The challenge of addressing these issues is not reserved for scientists. We all have a stake in making sure that everyone will benefit from genetic research and no one is harmed.

科学家们展开了人类基因组计划相信权力的遗传信息转化卫生保健，使早期诊断的疾病比以往任何时候都和燃料建立强大的新药物。但它也很清楚，遗传信息可能被使用的方式是有害的或不公平的-例如否认健康保险由于风险增加发展中国家的疾病。意识到危险和希望避开它，创始人的人类基因组计划，创造了一个程序，探讨了伦理，法律，和社会影响的新的基因知识。该计划的目标是预测可能出现的问题，并及时解决方案。例如，在未来，医生将能够给我们每个人一个―报告卡‖，将我们的风险，发展中国家的各种不同的疾病。但我们真正想要的信息？如何使用？谁将获得我们的遗传信息？它将如何影响我们的生活，我们的家庭，和我们的社区？

挑战，解决这些问题是不保留的科学家。我们都有股份，确保每

个人都将受益于遗传研究，没有人受到伤害。

UNIT 5 L1

―Art does not solve problems, but makes us aware of their existence,‖ sculptor Magdalena Abakanowicz has said. Arts education, on the other hand, does solve problems. Years of research show that it‘s closely linked to almost everything that we as a nation say we want for our children and demand from our schools: academic achievement, social and emotional development, civic engagement, and equal opportunity. Involvement in the arts is associated with gains in math, reading, cognitive ability, critical thinking, and verbal skill. Arts learning can also improve motivation, concentration, confidence, and teamwork. A 2005 report by the Rand Corporation about the visual arts argues that the intrinsic pleasures and stimulation of the art experience do more than sweeten an individual‘s life —according to the report, they ―can connect people more deeply to the world and open them to new ways of seeing,‖ creating the foundation to forge social bonds and community cohesion. Comprehensive, innovative arts initiatives are taking root in a growing number of school districts. Many of these models are based on new findings in brain research and cognitive development, and they embrace a variety of approaches: using the arts as a learning tool, incorporating arts into other core classes and creating a school environment rich in arts and culture. ―When you think about the purposes of education, there are three,‖ an educator says. ―We‘re preparing kids for jobs. We‘re preparing them to be citizens. And we‘re teaching them to be human beings who can enjoy the deeper forms of beauty. The third is as important as the other two.‖

―艺术不能解决问题，但让我们意识到它们的存在，―雕塑家玛格达阿巴卡诺维奇说。艺术教育，另一方面，解决问题。多年的研究表明，这是密切相关的几乎一切，我们作为一个国家说，我们要为我们的孩子和我们的学校：学术成就需求，社会和情感发展，公民参与，平等和机会。参与艺术相关的收益在数学，阅读，认知能力，批判性思维，和语言技能。艺术学习也可以改善动机，浓度，信心，和团队精神。2005个报告的兰德公司关于视觉艺术认为，内在的乐趣和刺激的艺术经验更使个人生活-据报道，他们可以更深入地向世界开放他们的新途径看，―创造的基础建立社会联系和社区凝聚力。综合艺术，创新举措是扎根在越来越多的学区。许多这些模型的基础上新的结果在脑研究和认知能力的发展，他们包括了各种办法：用艺术作为一种学习工具，将艺术融入其他核心课程和学校的创建环境丰富的艺术和文化。―当你思考教育的目的，有三说，―一个教育工作者。―我们准备孩子的工作。我们准备将他们的公民。我们教他们是人谁可以享受更深的形式美。第三是一样重要的其他两家。‖

The arts are windows of the world in the same way that science helps us see the world around us.

Literature, music, theater, the visual arts, the media, architecture, and dance reveal aspects about ourselves, the world around us, and the relationship between the two. In 1937, German planes flying for Franco in the Spanish civil war bombed a defenseless village as a laboratory experiment, killing many of the inhabitants. In Guernica, Pablo Picasso painted his outrage in the form of a vicious bull surveying a scene of human beings screaming, suffering, and dying. These powerful images mark in our minds the horror of a senseless act of war.

Today, one major goal of education has become very practical: employability. Children should know

how to read, write, and compute so that they can assume a place in the work force. Few would argue with that. But this objective should not allow us to overlook the importance of the arts and what they can do for the mind and spirit of every child and the function of schooling.

Educational administrators need to be reminded that schools have a fundamental responsibility to

provide the fuel that will ignite the mind, spark the aspirations, and illuminate the human spirit. The arts can often serve as that fuel. They are the ways we apply our imagination, thought, and feeling through a range of ―languages‖ to illuminate life in all its mysteries, miseries, delights, pities, and wonders.

艺术是世界之窗以相同的方式，科学帮助我们看到我们周围的世界。文学，戏剧，音乐，视觉艺术，媒体，建筑，和舞蹈方面揭示自己，我们周围的世界，以及两者间的关系。1937，飞机飞行佛朗哥西班牙内战中的轰炸手无寸铁的村作为一个实验室实验，杀害了许多的居民。格尔尼卡，毕加索画了他的愤怒在一个邪恶的公牛测量现场人尖叫，痛苦，和死亡。这些强大的图像标记在我们心中的恐惧一个毫无意义的战争行为。今天，一个主要目标的教育已成为非常实用：就业。孩子们应该知道

如何读，写和计算，使他们能够承担地方部队的工作。很少有人会争辩说。但这一目标不应使我们忽略了艺术和他们能做什么的精神和心灵的每一个儿童和教育功能。

教育行政人员需要提醒的是，学校有一个基本的责任提供燃料将点燃的愿望，火花，照亮了人类的精神。艺术往往可以作为燃料。他们是我们如何运用我们的想象力，思想和感觉，通过一系列的―语言‖，阐明生命的奥秘，痛苦，欢乐，同情，和奇迹。

UNIT6 L1

A solution may be at hand for holidaymakers who are finding it harder to get off the beaten track. For those who really want to get away from it all, a new holiday destination has sprung up —Antarctica. However, this new hotspot, or freezing zone, might only be for those with the deepest pockets if a new policy gets under way. Tourism on Antarctica has been increasing dramatically in the past twenty years, from a few thousand people in 1985 to more than 40,000 in 2007. The growing numbers are having a negative effect on the pristine environment of the South Pole. To combat this, researchers from Holland‘s Maastricht University have come up with a possible solution: limit the number of tourists allowed to visit

and auction the vacations to the highest bidders.

Many environmental protection agencies agree that there is a need to protect the frozen wilderness from the damage created by modern tourism. Antarctica is the last unspoiled place on Earth. It has a very delicate ecosystem that could be easily upset by hordes of tourists landing in airplanes and using skimobiles. A difficulty exists because Antarctica is not a country and therefore has no government to pass laws or guidelines to control the number of visitors. The Maastricht University team‘s proposal to auction off a fixed number of tourist places seems a workable solution. It would limit the number of visitors and therefore contain the amount of environmental damage, and the money would be used to protect Antarctica‘s future.

一个解决方案可能在手的度假者谁发现它难以打破常规。对于那些谁真的想摆脱这一切，一个新的度假胜地的兴起-南极洲。然而，这一新的热点，或冷冻区，可能只有那些最深切的口袋新政策如果受。旅游业对南极已急剧增加，在过去的二十年，从几千人在1985到40000以上在2007。越来越多具有负面影响的原始环境南极。为了解决这个问题，研究人员从荷兰的马斯特里赫特大学想出了一个解决方案：限制游客人数允许访问和拍卖给出价最高的人的假期。许多环境保护机构同意有需要保护的冰冻荒野的损害所造成的现代旅游。南极洲是地球上最后的未受破坏的地方。它有一个非常脆弱的生态系统，可以很容易地心烦意乱，成群的游客，降落飞机和使用skimobiles。一个困难的存在是因为南极洲不是国家，因此没有政府通过法律或准则控制游客人数。马斯特里赫特大学队的建议拍卖一批固定的旅游地点似乎是一个可行的解决方案。它将限制游客人数，因此包含大量的环境破坏，而且这些钱将用于保护南极洲的未来。

During your traveling, tread lightly and respect the natural environment. These destinations are World Heritage sites because of their exceptional natural or cultural splendour. Do your part to keep them that way by following designated trails, respecting caretakers and not removing archaeological

or biological treasures from sites. Besides, while it is important to support local economies, certain tourist activities and souvenirs can damage a fragile World Heritage site. Say ―no‖ to souvenirs that are a piece of the site itself and to tourist activities that may be harmful to a site‘s longevity.

你的旅途中，轻轻和尊重自然环境。这些目的地处世界遗产，由于其特殊的自然或文化的辉煌。做你的一部分，让他们这样的指定路径，尊重照顾，不排除考古

从网站或生物宝藏。此外，虽然它是重要的，支持当地经济，旅游活动和纪念品可损害脆弱的世界遗产遗址。说―不‖的纪念品，是一块网站本身和旅游活动可能有害网站的长寿。

UNIT 7 L1

Anyone who has experienced it knows all too well –video game addiction is real. Although gaming addiction is not yet officially recognized as a disorder by the American Medical Association, there is increasing evidence that people of all ages, especially teens and pre-teens, are facing very real, sometimes severe consequences associated with compulsive use of video and computer games.

Video games are becoming increasingly complex, detailed and compelling to a growing international audience of players. With better graphics, more realistic characters and greater strategic challenges, it‘s not surprising that some teens would rather play the latest video game than hang out with friends, play sports or even watch television.

Of course, all gamers are not addicts –many teens can play video games a few hours a week, successfully balancing school activities, grades, friends and family obligations. But for some gaming has become an uncontrollable compulsion. Studies estimate that 10 percent to 15 percent of gamers exhibit signs that meet the World Health Organization‘s criteria for addiction. Just like gambling and other compulsive behaviors, teens can become so enthralled in the fantasy world of gaming that they neglect their family, friends, work and school.

任何人谁经历它深知–视频游戏成瘾是真实的。虽然游戏成瘾尚未正式承认为一种疾病的美国医学协会，有越来越多的证据表明，各种年龄的人，特别是青少年和青春期前的孩子，面对的是非常真实的，有时严重的后果与强迫性使用的视频和电脑游戏。视频游戏也变得越来越复杂，详细和令人信服，越来越多的国际观众的球员。更好的图形，更现实的人物和更大的战略挑战，这并不奇怪，一些青少年宁愿玩最新的视频游戏和朋友出去玩，玩或看电视。当然，所有玩家都不依赖–许多青少年可以玩视频游戏几个小时一个星期，成功地平衡学校活动，成绩，家人和朋友的义务。但一些游戏已成为一种无法控制的冲动。研究估计，百分之10至百分之15的玩家展出的迹象，符合世界卫生组织的标准成瘾。就像赌博和其他强迫性行为，青少年可以变得如此着迷于幻想世界的游戏，他们忽视了自己的家庭，朋友，工作和学校。Internet Addiction Disorder has long been recognized as a social problem.

According to psychological counselor Li Jianling, if you have the following symptoms, it is

likely that Internet addiction has begun to infiltrate your life. Internet addicts lose track of time and spend less and less time on meals at home or at work. They are used to eating in front of a computer screen. Also, they deny spending too much time on the Net. They can‘t help going online when already busy at work, and they sneak online when family members aren‘t at home, with a sense of relief. It‘s a commonly known fact that Internet addiction can have a devastating effect on peoples‘ health and social lives. Adults may lose the most important years for their career development and students may waste too much of their youth in front of a computer screen.

But why is Internet addiction so prominent in China? Li Jianling explains that many youths are the only children in their families. They don‘t have enough chanc es to associate with

parents and relatives. Also, the lack of activities for adults can lead to Internet addiction. When people grow up, if they don‘t spend time on sports or other positive interests, they often turn to the Internet to kill time.

How do we deal with this problem? Li Jianling says associating more with family, friends and nature can really help Internet addicts kick the habit. Everyone understands that parents nowadays are busy, but if they just spend more time communicating with their kids, they can help avoid their children from becoming addicted to the Internet.

网络成瘾症一直被认为是一个社会问题。根据心理辅导员李建玲，如果你有以下症状，这是可能是网络成瘾已开始渗入你的生活。网络成瘾者失去时间和花费的时间越来越少，吃饭在家中或工作。他们习惯吃在电脑屏幕前。此外，他们否认花太多时间在网上。他们不能帮助上网时已经忙于工作，和他们偷偷在线当家人不在家，带着一种解脱的感觉。这是一个众所周知的事实，互联网成瘾会严重影响人们的健康及社交生活。成年人可能失去最重要的几年他们的职业发展和学生会浪费了太多的青春在电脑屏幕前。但为什么是如此突出，在中国互联网成瘾？李建玲解释说，很多青少年都是独生子女的家庭。他们没有足够的机会与父母和亲戚。此外，缺乏活动的成年人可以导致网络成瘾。当人们长大，他们不把时间花在运动或其他积极的利益，他们经常把上网打发时间。

UNIT8 L1

The ability of a country to reduce poverty and increase its development depends on a number of things: its physical geography, the policy choices it makes, and the resources, institutions and capacities it has access to. On top of these, money is also needed to enable a country to invest in infrastructure or programs that support economic growth and development. Countries can finance their development in several different ways. First and foremost are the domestic financial resources that countries already have —the taxes they collect on economic activity or government borrowing from the savings that people and companies make. But for many developing countries, domestic resources are insufficient to meet the scale of investment necessary. So there is often a need to supplement them with financial resources from other countries. In 2005, many donor countries committed to increasing the amount of money they give in aid by $50 billion by 2010.

Of equal importance, aid also needs to work better. For example, aid sometimes can be tied to the purchase of goods and services from the donor. This means that aid is not necessarily directed to the things that matter for poor people. This undermines the effectiveness of aid, as measured by its ability to reduce poverty. Making aid more effective is a responsibility shared by donor and recipient countries. The organization called United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been focusing on supporting recipient governments, ensuring aid coordination, and supporting to monitor arrangements that include the private sector and civil society.

有能力的国家减少贫困和增加其发展取决于很多事情：其自然地理，政策选择它，和资源，体制和能力都可以使用它。上面这些，钱也需要使国家投资在基础设施或计划，支持经济增长和发展。国家资助其发展在几个不同的方式。第一和最重要的是国内财政资源的国家已经有-税金收集对经济活动或政府借款从储蓄人和公司。但是，对于许多发展中国家来说，国内资源不足以满足必要的投资规模。所以经常有一个需要补充它们的金融资源从其他国家。2005，许多捐助国承诺增加他们的钱给援助50000000000美元2010。同样重要的是，援助还需要更好的工作。例如，援助有时可以与商品和服务的采购从捐助。这意味着，援助不一定直接的事情，对贫穷的人们。这损害了援助的有效性，作为衡量其能力，减少贫困。使援助更加有效的是一个共同的责任由捐助国和受援国。该组织呼吁联合国开发计划署（开发计划署）一直注重支持受援国政府，确保援助协调，并支持监测安排，包括私营部门和民间社会。

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon says the global financial crisis may have shaken world confidence, but not the international community‘s resolve to help the United Nations continue working to fight poverty and disease. Mr. Ban said the international community‘s determination to help what he calls the world‘s ―bottom billion‖ — those who live on less than $1 a day — has not weakened. During the annual meeting of the UN General Assembly that wrapped up last week in New York, member states pledged $16 billion to help the UN meet targets of cutting poverty and disease worldwide by 2015.

―Everyone has felt the earthquake on Wall Street,‖ said the U.N. chief. ―But it has not shaken our resolve. Banks may be failing, but the world‘s bottom billion can bank on us.‖ He said the generosity of these commitments is very encouraging, given the economic climate.

In the first of a new monthly series of press conferences, Mr. Ban spoke about the many challenges facing the United Nations —among them, the deteriorating situation in Darfur, the precarious political and military situation in Afghanistan, piracy and instability in Somalia and the effects of climate change.

The UN chief said that amid these crises the world must not forget the plight of others and he urged world leaders to honor the monetary pledges they have made. ―Grave as it may be, today‘s financial crisis will be overcome,‖ he said. ―We must underline the need for ?crisis-proofing‘ of the important priorities of the United Nations from international financial turbulence.‖

联合国秘书长潘基文说，全球金融危机会动摇世界的信心，但国际社会的决心帮助联合国继续努力消除贫困和疾病。潘基文说，国际社会的决心帮助他所谓的―世界最底层的10亿人每天不到1美元并没有被削弱。在年度会议的联合国大会结束了上周在纽

约，会员国承诺提供16000000000美元来帮助联合国实现目标削减贫困和疾病的全球的2015。―每个人都感受到地震在华尔街，说：‖联合国秘书长。―但这并未动摇我们的决心。银行可能会失败，但世界最底层的10亿可以指望我们。‖他说，慷慨的承诺是非常令人鼓舞的，鉴于目前的经济形势。在第一个新的每月一系列新闻发布会，潘先生谈到了联合国面临的许多挑战中，日益恶化的达尔富尔局势，不稳定的政治和军事形势在阿富汗，海盗和索马里的不稳定局势和气候变化的影响。安南说，在这些危机，世界不能忘记别人的处境，他敦促世界领袖承诺他们所取得的荣誉货币。―坟墓，因为它可能是，今天的金融危机将被克服，‖他说。―我们必须强调需要的crisis-proofing‘的重要优先事项的联合国国际金融动荡。‖