高二英语上册语法复习练习
人教版高中英语必修5与选修6语法练习
过去分词练习
1. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _____ as 3M.
A. knowing
B. known
C. being known
D. to be known
2. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded
D. having recorded
3. — How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? — The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.
A. to solving; making
B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making
D. to solve; made
4. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing
B. introduced
C. introduce
D. being introduced
5. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ______ at the meeting by my boss.
A. questioning
B. having questioned
C. questioned
D. to be questioned
6. ______ with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare
B. When comparing
C. Comparing
D. When compared
7. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ______ as the plane was making
a landing.
A. seat
B. seating
C. seated
D. to be seating
8. Friendship is like money: easier made than ______.
A. kept
B. to be kept
C. keeping
D. being kept
9. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents ______.
A. worried
B. to worry
C. worrying
D. worry
10. —What’s happening in the street?
— A group ______ Green Peace are protesting against the summit.
A. calls
B. called
C. calling
D. to be called
11. He had his leg ______ when playing football.
A. break
B. to break
C. breaking
D. broken
12. Your letter ______ Nov. 25 has reached me.
A. dated
B. dating
C. was dated
D. which dated
13. ______ with excitement, the children couldn’t fall asleep.
A. To fill
B. To be filled
C. Filling
D. Filled
14. Even if ______, I won’t go.
A. invited
B. inviting
C. I invited
D. he invites
15. With the homework ______, he was allowed to watch the football match.
A. finished
B. finishing
C. to finish
D. to be finished
16. With his finger ______ to the ______ window, the teacher asked: “Who did that?”
A. pointing; broken
B. pointed; broken
C. pointing; breaking
D. pointed; breaking
17. Your umbrella wants ______. Do you want it ______?
A. repairing; repairing
B. repairing; repaired
C. to repaired; to be repaired
D. to be repaired; repairing
18. ______ to train his son in English, he put an ad like this in the paper ,“______, an English teacher for a ten-year-old boy.”
A. Determined;Wanted
B. Determined;Wanting
C. Determines;Wanted
D. Determining;Wanting
19. The shy girl never speaks unless ______.
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. speaking to
D. spoken to
20. Many young teachers，Ms Zhou ______，were chosen as model workers in this city.
A. to include
B. including
C. included
D. being included
21. ______ by Yang Liwei’s speech，the students are determined to study even harder.
A. Deeply moved
B. Having deeply moved
C. To be deeply moved
D. Moving deeply
22. Though ______ badly，the fighter continued to fire at the enemy.
A. he wounded
B. was wounding
C. wounding
D. wounded
23. If ______ green, the door might look more beautiful.
A. paint
B. painted
C. painting
D. to paint
24. Though ______ of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
A. warning
B. to warn
C. warn
D. warned
25. The girl is still fast asleep, with her head ______ deep in arms.
A.bury
B. to bury
C. buried
D. burying
26. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself________.
A. understand
B. to understand
C. understanding
D. understood
27. The workers want us________ together with them.
A. work
B. working
C. to work
D. worked
28. What's the language________in Germany?
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. be spoken
D. to speak
29. ________some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed
B. Followed by
C. Being followed
D. Having been followed by
30. Most of the people________ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. inviting
31. He was disappointed to find his suggestions________.
A. been turned down
B. turned down
C. to be turned down
D. to turn down
32. Do you know the boy________ under the big tree?
A. lay
B. lain
C. laying
D. lying
33. -Good morning. Can I help you?
-I'd like to have this package________, madam.
A. be weighed
B. to be weighed
C. to weigh
D. weighed
34. There was a terrible noise________ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
35. ________more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given
36. The secretary worked late into the night, _______a long speech for
the president.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. prepared
D. was preparing
37. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night.
A. to burn
B. burn
C. burning
D. burned
38. Generally speaking,________ according to the directions, the drug
has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D.when took
39. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________the girl and
took her away,________ into the woods.
A. seizing;disappeared
B.seized; disappeared
C. seizing; disappearing
D.seized; disappearing
40. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but
it remains________ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
倒装句练习题
1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn't I realize
B. did I realize
C. I didn't realize
D. I realized
2. Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.
A. you can
B. can you
C. you will
D. will you
3. If you don't go，neither ____.
A. shall I
B. do I
C. I do
D. I shall
4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.
A. had I got，when
B. I had got，than
C. had I got，than
D. did I get，when
5. -- Your father is very strict with you.
____. He never lets off a single mistake of ours.
A. So he is
B. So is he
C. He is so
D. So does he
6. ____ today，he would get there by Sunday.
A. Would he leave
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If he leave
7. Never in my life ____ such a thing.
A. I have heard or have seen
B. Have I heard or seen
C. I have heard or seen
D. did I hear or see
8. -- Here ____! Where is Xiao Liu? There ____.
A. comes the bus，is he
B. comes the bus, he is
C. the bus comes，is he
D. the bus comes，he is
9. ____ ，I will not buy it.
A. Much as do I like it
B. As much I like it
C. Much as I like it
D. As I like it much
10. -- I like football. I don't like volleyball.____.
A. So do I
B. Neither do I
C. So it is with me
D. So is it with me
11. _____ the expense，I _____ to Italy.
A. If it were not，go
B. Were it not for，would go
C. Weren't it for，will go
D. If it hadn't been，would have gone
12. So _____ in the darkness that he didn't dare to move an inch.
A. he was frightened
B. was he frightened
C. frightened he was
D. frightened was he
13. -- In modem times，girls like beautiful clothes.
Yes, _____ and . After all, our life has greatly improved.
A. so do they，so do you
B. so they do，so you do
C. so do they，so you do
D. so they do,so do you
14. -- You have an English class every day except Sunday. _____.
A. So we have
B. So we do
C. So have we
D. So do we
15. I wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _____， so ____ mine.
A. does，will
B. will，does
C. will，would
D. does，do
16. Only after I read the text over again _____ its main idea.
A. that I knew
B. did I knew
C. 1 could know
D. I did know
17. -- You seem to have learned all the English words by heart._____ .
A. So l do
B. So do l
C. So I have
D. So have I
18. -- I seldom watch TV，but listen to the radio a lot._____ .
A. So do I
B. Neither do I
C. I m the same
D. So it is with me
19. So excited _____ that he couldn't say a word.
A. he seemed
B. did he seem
C. was he seeming
D. he did look
20. Jimmy was so nervous not a single word _____ down in the dictation.
A. he wrote
B. he was written
C. did he write
D. was he written
21. Little ______ when 1 took the trip where it would lead me.
A. have I known
B. had I known
C. do 1 know
D. did I know
22. -- Have you ever seen anything like that before?
---- ____.
A. No，I never have seen anything like that before
B. No，never I have seen anything like that before
C. No，never have I seen anything like that before
D. No，I have seen anything like that before never
23. _____ ，1 would accept the invitation and go to the party.
A. Were I you
B. Was I you
C. Had I been you
D. Would 1 be you
24. You should work less _____.
A. and neither should I
B. and so should I
C. and nor should I
D. and so I should
25. _____ and caught the mouse.
A. Up the cat jumped
B. The cat up jumped
C. Up jumped the cat
D. Jumped up the cat
26. Not only _____ a promise，but also he kept it.
A. did he make
B. he made
C. does he make
D. has he made
27. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. _____.
A. So is his aunt
B. So has his aunt
C. So his aunt does
D. So it is with his aunt
28. Not once _____ their plan.
A. did they change
B. they changed
C. changed they
D. they did change
29. -- Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?
I don't know, and ______ .
A. nor don't I care
B. nor do I care
C. I don't care neither
D. I don't care also
30. Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet had been stolen.
A. did
B. would
C. when
D. that
省略句语法练习题
1. --- I won’t do it any more.--- ________?
A. Why don’t
B. Why don’t do it any more
C. Why not
D. Why not to
2. Although ________ to stop, he kept on working.
A. tell
B. telling
C. having told
D. told
3. --- Will you waste your time and money on that? --- Certainly ________.
A. I not
B. don’t
C. not
D. no
4. --- Mary didn’t attend the lecture, did she?--- Yes, she ________.
A. attended
B. didn’t attend
C. didn’t
D. did
5. --- What’s Joan doing?
--- _________ newspapers in the room.
A. She reading
B. She reads
C. To read
D. Reading
6. _________ always succeed.
A. Honest and clever students
B. Students who honest and clever
C. Honest students and clever
D. Students are honest and clever
7. --- Can you climb that tree, my boy? --- __________ ?
A. I
B. Myself
C. Mine
D. Me
8. Some people are against the plan but _______ support it.
A. any more
B. many more
C. much more
D. no more
9. --- I’ll b e away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
--- Not at all. _________.
A. I’ve no time
B. I’d rather not
C. I’d like to
D. I’d be happy to
10. --- Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant? --- _________. It’s too expensive.
A. Why not
B. I agree
C. I’m afraid not
D. I’m sure
11. _____, I will help you with your work.
A. If I am possible
B. If it possible
C. If possible
D. Possible
12. —Do you follow me? —Yes, _____.
A. it is good
B. I will
C. perfectly
D. very good
13. —How are you getting on with your work?
—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as _____.
A. plans
B. planning
C. planned
D. to plan
14. —Are you a teacher?
—No, but I _____. I worked in a middle school for three years.
A. am
B. will
C. do
D. was
15. —How many poor counties will there be in our province by 2010?
—There will be only a few, if _____.
A. much
B. some
C. any
D. many
16. —Why didn’t you come to Mike’s birthday party yesterday ?
—Well, I_____, but I forgot it.
A. should
B. must
C. should have
D. must have
17. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’t take
medicine _____.
A. like directed
B. to be directed
C. as directed ;
D. so that directed
虚拟语气练习题
1. If I ____ where he lived，I ____ a note to him.
A. knew，would
B. had known，would have sent
C. know，would send
D. knew，would have sen t
2. If they ____ earlier than expected，they ____ here now.
A. had started，would be
B. started，might be
C. had started，would have been
D. will start，might have been
3. I didn't know his telephone number. ____ it，I ____ then.
A. Had I known，would ring him up
B. Should I know，would have rung him up
C. If I knew；would ring him up
D. Had I known；would have rung him up
4. Mary is ill today. If she _____，she ____ absent from school.
A. were not ill，wouldn't be
B. had been ill，wouldn't have been
C. had been ill，should have been
D. hadn't been ill，could be
5. Were I to do it，I ________ it some other way.
A. will do
B. would do
C. would have done
D. were to do
6. I ________ him the answer ________ possible，but I was so busy then.
A. could tell，if it had been
B. must have told，were it
C. should have told，had it been
D. should have told，should it be
7. Without your help，we________ so much.
A. won't achieve
B. didn't achieve
C. don't achieve
D. wouldn't have achieved
8. You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice，you ______ such a mistake.
A. Had you taken，wouldn't have made
B. If you had taken，would make
C. Were you lo take，shouldn't have made
D. Have you taken，won't have made
9. We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.
A. did
B. could have done
C. have done
D. should do
10. She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.
A. went
B. would go
C. had gone
D. were going
11. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he ________ be tall when he grows up.
A. could
B. should
C. would
D. were able to
12. My sister advised me that I ________ accept the invitation.
A. could
B. must
C. should
D. might
13. He asks that he ________ an opportunity to explain why he's refused to go there.
A. is given
B. must give
C. should give
D. be given
14. Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he ______ Mr. Li to the party？
A. will invite
B. have invited
C. is invited
D. invite
15. I insisted that he ________ at once.
A. be gone
B. go
C. would go
D. might go
16. Li Ming insisted that he ________ anything at all.
A. hadn't stolen
B. shouldn't steal
C. doesn't steal
D. steal
17. It is quite natural that my coming late again ________ them very angry.
A. had made
B. would make
C. makes
D. make
18. He acted as if he ________ everything in the world.
A. knew
B. knows
C. has known
D. won't know
19. Read it aloud so that I ________ you clearly.
A. may hear
B. will hear
C. hear
D. have heard
20. They got up early in order that they ________ they first train.
A. caught
B. will catch
C. might catch
D. shall catch
21. I am sorry that he ________ in such poor health.
A. are
B. shall be
C. were
D. should be
22. That is a good book. You ________ it yesterday.
A. could buy
B. should buy
C. should have bought
D. bought
23. It is high time we ________ home.
A. will go
B. would go
C. have gone
D. went
24. I'd rather that you ________ home.
A. went
B. have gone
C. will go
D. had gone
25. If only I _________ to the lecture！
A. listen
B. will listen
C. am listening
D. had listened
26. —— If he_____，he ______ that food.
---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned，would not take
B. had been warned，would not have taken
C. would be warned,had not taken
D. would have been warned，had not taken
27. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she _________，she would have met my brother.
A. has come
B. did come
C. came
D. had come
28. Without electricity，human life ________ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
29. He ________ you more help，even though he was very busy.
A. might have given
B. might give
C. may have given
D. may give
30. If city noises _______ from increasing，people _______ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept，will have to
B. are not kept，have to
C. do not keep，will have to
D. do not keep，have to
31. Mike's father，as well as his mother，insisted that he ________ home.
A. stayed
B. could stay
C. has stayed
D. stay
32. Mr. Smith insisted that he ________ the work all.
A. had done
B. have done
C. did
D. so
33. Jane would never have gone to the party ________ that Mary would come to see her.
A. has she known
B. had she known
C. if she know
D. if she has known
34. If you had enough money，what ________？
A. will you buy
B. would you buy
C. would you have bought
D. will you have bought
35. If you ________ that film late last night，you wouldn't be so sleepy.
A. didn't see
B. haven't seen
C. wouldn't have seen
D. hadn't seen
36. Our monitor requested that ________.
A. all the class studied more carefully the problem
B. the problem was more carefully studied
C. with great care the problem could be studied
D. all the class study the problem more carefully
37. —— Would you have called her up had it been possible？
Yes, but I ________ busy doing my homework.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
38. His tired face suggested that he _____ really tired after the long walk.
A. had been
B. was
C. be
D. should be
39. It is important that we ________.
A. shall close the window before we leave
B. will close the window before we leave
C. must close the window before we leave
D. close the window before we leave
40. I didn't know his telephone number，otherwise I ______ him.
A.had telephoned
B.would telephone
C.would have telephoned
D. telephone
It用法练习
1. It ___ for this reason ___ her uncle moved out of New York.
A. is ... which
B. was ... why
C. was ... that
D. were ... How
2. It was ___ he said at the meeting __ disappointed me.
A. what.., that
B. that.., that
C. what.., what
D. that.., what
3. ---Wasn’t it Dr. Li who spoke to you just now?
--- ______ .
A. I didn't know he was
B. Yes, he did
C. No, he didn't
D. Yes, it was
4. Was it during the Second World War____ he died?
A. this
B. then
C. that
D. while
5. I don’t think _____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this
B. it
C. that
D. its
6. Does ____ matter if he can't finish the job on time?
A. it
B. this
C. that
D. he
7. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____didn’t help.
A. he
B. which
C. she
D. it
8. Was ___ in 1998 ___ your teacher graduated from university?
A. that.., that
B. it... which
C. it... that
D. it... when
9. He felt ___ duty to work for human rights and progress.
A. it his
B. his
C. that is a
D. that is his
10. ___ is no good ___ without doing anything.
A. This... talking
B. It... to speak
C. That... to say
D. It... talking
11. All the children except my partner ___ late because of traffic jam.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. has been
12. Your new clothes fit you, but mine ___ me.
A. don’t fit
B. doesn’t fit
C. don’t fit for
D. aren’t fit
It用法练习二
1. It was this village ___ I was brought up.
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. which
2. It was in this village ___ I was bought up.
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. which
3. Can it be in the drawer ___ you put your passport?
A. where
B. in which
C. there
D. that
4. It was July 1, 1997 ___ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. in which
5. It is two years __ I joined the army.
A. before
B. since
C. that
D. after
6. It was two years ___ I joined the army.
A. before
B. since
C. that
D. after
7. --- Was it under the tree ___ you were away talking to a friend?
--- Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. while
8. --- Why don’t we take a little break ?
--- Didn’t we just have ____ ?
A. it
B. that
C. one this
9. It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcast began.
A. while
B. which
C. that
D. since
10. ___ is the fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
11. It was about 600 years ago ___ first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that
B. until
C. before
D. when
12. I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it
B. that
C. these
D. them
13. It was only when I reread his poems recently ____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. until
B. that
C. then
D. so
14. It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one
B. that
C. what
D. it
15. The Parkers bought a few house but __ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they
B. it
C. one
D. which
16. ____ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.
A. It has
B. There has
C. It is
D. There is
17. Was it in 1969 __ the American astronaut succeeded ___landing on the moon.
A. when; on
B. that; on
C. when; in
D. that; in
18. Was ___ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. it you
B. not you
C. you
D. that yourself
19. ____ was in 1979 ___ I graduated from the university.
A. That; that
B. It; that
C. That; when
D. It; when
20. What a pity my new computer doesn’t work! ____ must be something wrong with it.
A. It
B. There
C. This
D. That
21. I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
22. Someone is knocking at the door, but who can ___ be?
A. one
B. he
C. she
D. it
23. A knock on the door made him look up. But ___ was only the manager.
A. this
B. that
C. she
D. it
24. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____ .
A. who is he
B. who he is
C. who is it
D. who it is
25. Is ___ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. he
26. Does ___ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A. this
B. that
C. he
D. it
27. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning grey.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
28. They have made __ a rule __in the room.
A. this; not to smoke
B. it; smoking
C. it; to not smoke
D. it; not to smoke
现在分词基础练习
1. The old farmer,________ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of the burning house, ________for help.
A. supporting; calling
B. supported by; called
C. being supported by; called
D. being supporting; called
2. -Oh, it’s already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening?
-We’ll go on with the matter________ this afternoon.
A. be discussed
B. being discussing
C. discussed
D. which discussed
3. The brave man died,_______ his young wife nothing but a________ cottage.
A.left; breaking
B.leaving; broken
C.left; broken
D.to leave; breaking
4. ________hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam.
A. Having been worked
B. Not to have worked
C. Having never worked
D. Never have worked
5.________the exam, the boy was punished by his father.
A. No passing
B. Having passed
C. Not passing
D. Not having passed
6. Time________, I can have done it better.
A. permit
B. be permitted
C. permitting
D. to permit
7.________, the boy couldn’t enter his house.
A. Since the key has lost
B. The key been lost
C. Lost the key
D. Having lost the key
8. ____into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now.
A. Being translated
B. Having translated
C. To be translated
D. Having been translated
9. ________for the terrible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do.
A. Having blamed
B. To blame
C. Being to be blame
D. Being to blame
10. ________from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with
him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered
B. To suffer
C. Having suffered
D. Being suffered
11. ______from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.
A. Judging
B. Judged
C. To judge
D. Judge
12. ________with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, ________his tail to the rain.
A. Trembling; exposing
B. Trembled; exposed
C. Trembled; exposing
D. Trembling; exposed
13. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr. Zhou________.
A. including
B. being including
C. to include
D. included
14. -Who were those people with the flags?
-A group________ itself the League of Peace.
A. calls
B. calling
C. called
D. being called
15. ________you the truth, she knows nothing about it.
A. Tell
B. Telling
C. To tell
D. Told
16. We slept with the light________ all night long last night.
A. burnt
B. to burn
C. being burnt
D. burning
17. Linda can’t attend the party________ at Tom’s house at present because she is preparing a speech for the party _______ at Marie’s house tomorrow.
A. being held; to be held
B. to be held; held
C. held; being held
D. to be held; to be held
18. The situation is more _______than ever. I’m ______about what to do next.
A. puzzled; puzzled
B. puzzling; puzzling
C. puzzling; puzzled
D. puzzled; puzzling
19. When______ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed.
A. find
B. finding
C. found
D. to find
20. ________her mother had come, her face lit up.
A. Hearing
B. Having heard
C. When hearing
D. When she heard
过去分词练习参考答案：
1-5 BABBC 6-10 DCAAB 11-15 DADAA 16-20 ABADC
21-25 ADBDC 26-30 DCBBA 31-35 BDDBA 36-40 BCBDB
倒装句练习题参考答案
1~5 BDACA 6~10 CBBCC 11~15 BDDBA
16~20 BADBC 21~25 DCABC 26~30 ADABA
省略句语法练习题答案
1-5 CDCDD 6-10 ADBDC 11-15 CCCDC 16-17 CC
虚拟语气练习题参考答案
1~5 BADAB 6~10 CDABC 11~15 CCDDB 16~20 ADAAC 21~25 DCDAD 26~30 BDDAA 31~35 DABBD 36~40 DABDC It用法练习题答案
练习一1-5 CADCB 6-10 ADCAD 11-12 BA
练习二1-5 ABDAB 6-10 ADDCD 11-15 AABBB
16-20 DDABB 21-25 DDDDC 26-28 DBD
现在分词基础练习
1-5 ACBCD 6-10 CDDDC 11-15 AADBC 16-20 DACBD
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tele-(telephone) un-(unlock) de-(decrease)/in-(increase) mini-(miniskirt) semi-(semicircle) self-(self-control,self-tauht) kilo-(kilometre) 2.常用后缀 -ability(capability) -ibility(possibility) -al(nationala./arrivaln.) -an(Eropean) -ian(musician) -arian(vegetarian)-ee(employee)/-er(employer) -or(actor)/-ss(actress) -ar(scholar) -hood(neighborhood) -ist(artist) -ese(Chinese) -ness(kindness) -y(difficultyn./noisya.) -ty(safety) -ity(activity)
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