代词

代词
代词

【代词】

人称代词

1.人称代词

主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词

第一人称单数I me my mine myself

复数we us our ours ourselves

第二人称单数you you your yours yourself

复数you you your yours yourselves

第三人称单数he him his his himself

she her her hers herself

it it its its itself

复数they them their theirs themselves

当三个人称代词(单数)同时出现时,其先后顺序为you,he,I。而复数一般采用we,you,they 顺序。

2.物主代词物主代词的用法:

形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词。

名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。

3.反身代词

1)反身代词的构成分两种:第一、二人称反身代词在形容词:性物主代词后加上self或selves,第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.

2)反身代词的用法:一种是作宾语,由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。

如:I enjoyed myself at the party.另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;用来加强语气。如:I can do it myself.

3)初中阶段由反身代词构成的常用词组有:enjoy oneself,help oneself to,learn by oneself,teach oneself,(all)by oneself,leave...by oneself,lose oneself in等,在运用反身代词时,应注意它在数、性别上与哪一个保持一致。试比较:

“Help yourselves to some fish,Tom and Mike.”与I can’t leave the girl by herself.

指示代词

指示代词的特殊用法:

(1)为了避免重复,可用that,those代替前面提到过的名词,但是this,these不可以。

(2)this,that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。

不定代词主要不定代词的用法:

(1)it和one的用法区别:it用来指特定的东西,而one则用于替代不特定的东西。

(2)some和any的用法区别

A. some,any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中。

B. some,any与—thing,—body,—one构成的合成词的用法与some,any一样。

(3)other,another的用法

数种类单数复数

泛指another=an other other (boys) others

特指the other the other (boys) the others

功能作主语、宾语、定语、作定语、作主语、宾语

A. another=another"另一个”,泛指众多者中的另一个,在原有基础上自然增加的另一个。一般后面接单数名词,前面不能加定冠词。有时another可以用在复数名词前表示“又”“再”,如:I want to have another two cakes.我想再吃两个蛋糕。

B.the other表示两个中的另一个,常与one连用。常见形式是“one...the other...”。

C. other+复数名词=others

D. the other+复数名词=the others

(4) a11、both的用法

both表示“两者都……”,而a11表示“三个或三个以上的人或物都……”。

a11、both在句中放在be动词,情态动词及助动词之后,放在实义动词之前。

(5)either,neither,both的用法

either:指两者中的任意一个。作主语谓语用单数。

neither:指两者都不,全否定。作主语谓语用单数。

both:指两者都。作主语谓语用复数。

(6) many和much

many只能和复数可数名词连用。much只能和不可数名词连用。

注意:

a lot of/lots of / plenty of=much/many

a large/great number of=many a great/good deal of=much

(8)few,a few,little,a little

few,little表示否定含义,“很少”“几乎没有”;a few,a little表示肯定含义,有一些”。few,a few用在可数名词前,little,a little用在不可数名词前。

练习

1. ______ the twins enjoyed ______ at the party yesterday.

A. Both; them

B. Both; themselves

C. Neither; them

D. All; themselves

2. —Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a cup of tea?

—______, thanks. I'd like just a cup of water.

A. Either

B. Neither

C. Both

D. None

3. —Would you like ______ milk in your tea? —Yes, just ______.

A. any; little

B. some; a little

C. much; a few

D. a little; some

4. There is______ to do this evening.

A. much nothing

B. many nothing

C. nothing much

D. nothing many

5. The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forget ______.

A. anything else

B. something else

C. nothing else

D. everything else

6. —Is this your shoe? —Yes, it is. But where is______?

A. the others

B. another

C. other one

D. the other one

7. What I want to say is ______English is a very useful language.

A. it

B. this

C. that

D. those

8. They have an English lesson ______ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

A. each other

B. every other

C. some others

D. another more

9. We found______ very important to learn a foreign language well.

A. this

B. that

C. it

D. it's

10. —______ is Lily like? —Oh, she's tall and thin.

A. How

B. Who

C. Which

D. What

11. —Would you like milk or orange? —_______ I prefer water.

A. Each

B. Neither

C. Either

D. Both

12 .—Oh, there is someone in the room. —______ must be my mother.

A. There

B. She

C. This

D. It

13. Betty and John have come back, but _______ students in the class aren't here yet.

A. the other

B. others

C. another

D. the others

14. ______ of us has read the story.

A. Some

B. Both

C. All

D. None

15. —Which of her parents is a doctor? —________.

A. Any

B. Either

C. Both

D. All

16. I have bought a new watch because my old ______ doesn't work.

A. it

B. one

C. that

D. this

17. —Is this dictionary _______ or _______? —It's mine.

A. your; hers

B. your; her

C. your; her

D. yours; hers

18. There is ______ water in my glass. Will you please give me ______.

A. little; some

B. few; any

C. few; some

D. little; any

19. —______pencil-box is this, Patrick? —It’s ______

A. Whose; mine

B. Who’s; mine

C. Whose; my

D. Who’s; my

20. —The pen is _______. She wrote _______ name with it _______.

A. hers; her; herself

B. her; hers; her

C. her; hers; herself

D. her; herself; hers

代词详解+例句

代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1._______ in the regulations that you shouldn’t tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A.As is required B.It is required C.It requires D.What is required 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查主语从句。句意:根据规定,你不应该告诉别人你电子邮件账户的密码。固定句式:It is required that---“据要求,根据规定”,it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。故选B。 2.----Which of these resorts do you like best? ----______. They are both hot and crowded. A.Either B.Nothing C.Neither D.None 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个?”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both ...and修饰的是hot和crowded,不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知,是三者以上,排除A、C;nothing“什么也没有”;none“一个也没有”。故选D。 3.----Will $ 1,000 _______ the cost of the trip? ----I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need _______ $500. A.pay; another B.charge; more C.cover; another D.afford; more 【答案】C 【解析】 句意“1000美元够旅行的费用吗?”“恐怕不够,也许还需要500美元。”charge“收费”;cover“包括”;afford“买得起”。根据句意可知,用cover;在原来的基础上再多一些用“another+数词”或“数词+more”表示,这里用another。故选C。 4.The restaurant is full, so we have to look for ______ one. A.other B.the other C.the second D.another 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:这个饭店满了,我们得再找一家。A. other其他的;B. the other二者中的另一个;C. the second第二个;D. another三者以上的另一个。故选D。

代词(三)

一,按要求补全表格 二,按要求写单词 1) this (复数)________ 2) him (复数)_______________ 3) your (宾格)_______________ 4) us (名词性物主代词)________________ 5) those (单数) _______________ 6) they(形容词性物主代词)_______________ 7) my (名词性物主代词)____________ 8) she (形容词性物主代词)_________________ 9) our (人称代词主格)____________ 10) his (宾格)________________ 三,用适当的人称代词填空 1)______ is ten o’clock. ______ should go to bed, Sue. 2)My father is a policeman and ______ has a gun. 3)Where are my keys? I can’t find______. 4)The prince walked up to Cinderella and asked ______ for a dance. 5)______ is very cold here in winter. 6)______ am Jim Green. Y ou can call______ Jim. 7)Uncle Joe is a good storyteller. We all like______ very much. 8)Dad bought ______ a computer. We were very happy. 9)Miss White is our teacher. ______ teaches ______ English. 10)H enry and Dick are friends. ______ often play baseball together. 四,用适当的物主代词填空: 1)Fred is a friend of ______. We often invite him to dinner. 2)We grow an apple tree in front of ______ house. 3)The young couple are too busy to look after ______ baby. 4)Tom never wears a watch, so this watch can’t be_____. 5)I’m a student. This is ______ schoolbag. 6)Paul is my friend. Paul is a friend of ______. 7)Mrs Black doesn’t let______ children play in the street. 8)Look at the dog. ______ tail is brown. 9)-Is this spoon ______, Nina? -No, it is Judy’s. 10) Boys and girls, open______ books and turn to Page 26. 五,选择填空:

突破英文中代词的翻译

突破英文中代词的翻译 中文善于用名词或省略,英文善于用代词The fact引导的句子的译法 一个英文单词如果中文里没有对应词如何翻译 “中间语言”的翻译方法 英译汉时,多用名词,或者省略;汉译英时,多用代词 代词要指明要点;代词的翻译要不抽象,不具体 It may seem strange to put an industrial revolution and two political revolutions into the same packet. But the fact is that they were

all social revolutions. 把一场工业革命和两场政治革命放在相同的篮子里,似乎看上去有点奇怪。但是。事实上它们都是社会革命。 把一场产业革命和两场政治革命归为一类,这似乎有点奇怪,但是,事实上,这三场革命都是社会革命。 Put into the same packet 本位词和外位语 中文先事实后评论 The fact is that:引导表语从句;引导同位语从句 President Bush is making a noble effort to pull together the fraying alliance but the fact is that Europeans and Americans no longer share a common view of the world.

美国总统布什正竭力将有摩擦的联盟拉扯到一起,但是,事实上,欧洲人和美国人不再享有相同的世界观。 The fact that he had stolen some important files was true. 他偷了一些重要的文件,这是真的。 They 把一场产业革命和两场政治革命归为一类,这似乎有点奇怪,但是,事实上,这三场革命都是社会革命。 An industrial revolution Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterize all Industrial Revolution. 两件事情在英国运河网络的创造中很突出,并且他们让整个产业革命有了特点。

代词详解+例句

A . Neither 【答案】C B . None C. Any D . Either 【解析】 考查代词:A . Neither 两者都不,B . None 三者以上都不,C. Any 三者任何一个, D . Either 两者任何一个,从后面的 all 看出路是三条以上,句意是: 子?-你喜欢走哪条就走哪条,距离上都是一样的。选 --你想走哪条路去村 Co 4. ----Which of these resorts do you like best? —— ____ . They are both hot and crowded. A . Either B . Nothing C. Neither 【答案】D D . None 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。 这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个? ” 一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又 拥挤。"答语中的both ...and 修饰的是hot 和crowded ,不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的 these 可知,是三者以上,排除 A 、C ; nothing 什么也没有”;none 一个也没有”。故选 Do 5. - Which of the two drivers is to blame for the accident? .It ' s the cyclist 's fault. 代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1. — Have Max and Tina sold out all the En glish dict ion aries? —Yes, comp letely. _____ is left. A. None C. No one 【答案】A 【解析】 考查代词及状语从句。句中 it 作形式宾语,真正宾语为 to leave things where you can find them easily ; where 引导地点状语从句,选 3. -Which of the ways should I take to the village? -.way as you pl ease. All seem to be equal in dista nee . B . Nothing D . Neither who 。 none 具体指什么 考查代词。no one 只能指人,但不具体指什么人,一般用来回答 how many 。句意:卖完所有的英语字典了吗?是的,全部卖完了, 人或物,一般用来回答 没有一本剩下来。故选 A 。 2. You should make a rule to leave things you can find them easily. A . it; where 【答案】A B . it; then C. that; there D . this; when A 。

代词(三)

六、不定代词 不定代词包括all,some,any,both,(a)few,many,each,either,neither,(a)little,much,another,other,none,every,no,复合不定代词。 其中(1)all,some,any用作形容词,其后跟不可数名词或复数可数名词。用作代词,可单独用,也可跟“of+不可数名词或复数可数名词”。 (2)both,(a)few,many用作形容词,其后跟复数可数名词。用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数可数名词”,也可单用。 (3)each,either,neither用作形容词,其后跟单数可数名词。用作代词,其后可跟“of+复数名词”,也可单用。 (4)(a)little,much用作形容词,其后跟不可数名词,也可单用。 (5)another,other用作形容词,前者与单数可数名词连用,而后者可跟单数可数名词或复数名词,两者都可与“数字+复数可数名词”或one连用。 (6)none只用作代词,代替可数或不可数名词,其后可用“of+复数可数名词”或不可数名词。 (7)every,no只用作形容词,作定语。 (8)复合不定代词:这类代词后通常不跟of短语,但其后可跟形容词作后置定语。 由-body和-one构成的复合代词之后可跟else,而且可用所有格(-’s)形式。 1. some,any (1)表示“一些”时,some与any既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。一般来说,some常用于肯定句中,而any常用于否定句和疑问句中。 例:He asked for tea,so I gave him some. 他要茶,因此我给了他一些。 There is not any water in the bottle. 瓶子里面没有一点水。 Is there any water in the bottle? 瓶子里面有水吗? (2)some用于疑问句时,表建议、请求、邀请等,并希望得到对方的肯定回答。 例:Would you buy me some books when you pass the bookshop? 路过书店的时候给我买一些书好吗? Can I have some coffee with sugar? 我能要加糖的咖啡吗?

翻译技巧汇总Word版

第一节省略法 所谓“省略”并不是把原文的意义删去,而是省略一些可有可无的,或者有了反而显得累赘甚至违背译文语言习惯的词。 一、结构考虑的省略 1.代词的省略 A.省略作主语的代词 在英文句子中,作主语的代词较多。为了使译文前后句子的意思紧凑,避免重复用词,或者为了使译文前后句子的主语能清楚地表示出来,有时可以将作主语的代词省去。但省去的人称代词在意思上仍明显地包含在译文里。例如: 1). That is the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 但我就是这个脾气,虽然几经努力,却未能改变过来。 2)Like his friends he had many wonderful ideas, but he only put a few into practice. 像他的朋友一样,他头脑里虽然有许多美妙的想法,却只有少数付诸实施。 B. 在英语句子中,泛指的人称代词常常不译出来。例如: 1)One is never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 2)They say it’s so. 据说是这样。 C. 作宾语的代词往往也可省略。 在英语句子中,有时作宾语的代词,无论在前面是否提到过,翻译成汉语的时候往往可以不译出来。例如: 1)The following letter will explain itself and needs no apology. 下面的话一看就明白,用不着道歉。 2)If you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 如果你读过这些故事,就用自己的话讲出来。 3)The more he tried to hide his warts, the more he revealed them. 他越是要掩盖他的烂疮疤,就越是会暴露。 D. 省略物主代词 在英语句子里的物主代词,出现的频率很高。一个句子中往往会出现好几个物主代词,如果将每个物主代词都翻译出来那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。所以在没有其他人称的物主代词出现的情况下,在翻译的时候物主代词大多省略。例如: 1)For two weeks, he had been studying the house, looking at its room,its electric wiring, its path and its garden. 两个星期以来,他一直注意房子的情况,查看各个房间、留心电路的走向以及通道和花园的布局。 2) In order to survive, to feed, clothe and shelter himself and his children, man is engaged in a constant struggle with nature. 为了生存,为了自己和子孙后代的衣食住行,人类和大自然不断地进行着斗争。 1)She felt the flowers were in her finger, on her lips, growing in her breast. 她觉得手里和唇上都是花儿,胸中也生长着花儿。 2.省略非人称或无意义的代词it “it”也起着代词的作用,在译文中,当它被用作非人称或没有意义的时候,往往可以省略。 A.非人称的 it

【英语】代词详解+例句

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2010大三下《古代汉语》复习资料

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