新人教一轮复习Book1 Unit 2

新人教一轮复习Book1 Unit  2
新人教一轮复习Book1 Unit  2

话题词汇

1.absorb v.吸引;使全神贯注

2.accumulate v.积累;积聚

3.consult v.咨询;商量

4.correction n.改正

5.dictation n.听写

6.fluent adj.流利的;流畅的

7.grasp v.抓住;掌握

8.bearsth.inmind记住(某事)

9.enlargeone’svocabulary扩大词汇量

10.havedifficulty/troubleindoingsth.在……方面有困难

经典语篇(2015·四川)

假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发帖,希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平,她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1.表达给她提供帮助的意愿;

2.说明你能胜任辅导的理由;

3.给出讲好普通话的两点建议;

4.提出你学习英语的具体需求。

注意:1.词数120左右,开头与结尾已为你写好;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Hi,Sharon,

ThisisLiXia.IlearnedfromyourpostthatyouwanttoimproveyourMandarin.

LiXia

佳作欣赏

Hi,Sharon,

ThisisLiXia.IlearnedfromyourpostthatyouwanttoimproveyourMandarin.Iamquiteinterestedinit. IthinkI’mfitforit.Asastudent,IhavebeenlearningMandarinformanyyears.Inaddition,IamChinese,whichmeansMandarinisamustformetocommunicatewithothersinmydailylife.①SoI’mquiteconfident thatIcanhelpyoulearnMandarin.

LearningMandarintakestime,②soifyouwanttolearnitwell,youshouldspendmuchtimepracticingMandarineveryday.Asthesayinggoes,practicemakesperfect.Besides,youcanalsoreadsomebooksinChinese,seesomeChinesefilmsandlistentosomeChineseradioprogrammes.Speakingandlisteningareveryimport antforlanguagelearning,bywhichyouaresuretomakegreatprogress.③

Inyourpost,yousayyoucanteachEnglishasareward.ItisjustwhatIwant.I’meagertoimprovemyEnglish.So,ifyouallowmetohelpyoulearnMandarin,youcanalsohelpmeimprovemyEnglish.Wecancontacteachotherbyvideochateverynightforhalfanhouri nEnglishandhalfanhourinChinese,sothatwecanimproveouroralspeaking.④Hopeforyourearlyreply!

LiXia

思维发散

1.将第①句改为并列句

Inaddition,IamChinese,andthismeansMandarinisamustformetocommunicatewithothersinmydailylife.

2.仿照第②句用动名词短语作主语完成句子

挑选衣服真的是一件难事,因为你喜欢的衣服并不总是适合你。Choosingclothesisreallyadifficultjob,becausetheclothesyoulikearenotalwayssuitableforyou.

3.仿照第③句用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句翻译句子

他写了许多儿童读物,几乎有一半是在二十世纪九十年代出版的。(2015·重庆,14) Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfofwhichwerepublishedinthe1990s.

4.将第④句改为简单句WecancontacteachotherbyvideochateverynightforhalfanhourinEnglishandhalfanhourinChinesesoast o/inordertoimproveouroralspeaking.

Ⅰ.重点单词

A.写作单词

1.native (adj.)本国的;本地的;(n.)本国人;本地人

2.actually (ad v.)事实上;实际上

3.base (v t.)以……为根据;n.基部;基础;基地

4.latter (adj.)较后的;(两者中)后者的;后半的

5.command (n.&v t.)命令;指令;掌握

6.request (n.&v t.)请求;要求

7.expression (n.)词语;表示;表达

8.recognize (v t.)辨认出;承认;公认

9.straight (ad v.)直接;挺直;(adj.)直的;笔直的;正直的

10.gradual (adj.)逐渐的;逐步的

gradually (ad v.)逐渐地;逐步地

B.阅读单词

11.official (adj.)官方的;正式的;公务的

12.voyage (n.)航行;航海

13.identity (n.)本身;本体;身份

14.accent (n.)口音;腔调;重音

15.block (n.)街区;块;木块;石块

16.lightning (n.)闪电

17.cab (n.)出租车

18.vocabulary (n.)词汇;词汇量;词表

19.spelling (n.)拼写;拼法

20.elevator (n.)电梯;升降机

21.apartment (n.)<美>公寓住宅;单元住宅

22.usage (n.)使用;用法;词语惯用法

23.African (adj.)非洲的;非洲人的;非洲语言的

24.Spanish (adj.)西班牙的;西班牙人的;西班牙语的;(n.)西班牙人;西班牙语25.fluent (adj.)流利的;流畅的

fluently (ad v.)流利地;流畅地

26.frequent (adj.)频繁的;常见的

frequently (ad v.)常常;频繁地

27.eastern (adj.)东方的;东部的

southeastern (adj.)东南方的;来自东南的

northwestern (adj.)西北方的;来自西北的

midwestern (adj.)中西部的;有中西部特性的

Ⅱ.重点短语

1.becauseof由于,因为

2.comeup走近;上来;提出

3.atpresent目前,现在

4.makeuseof利用;使用

5.suchas例如……;像这种的

6.playapart(in)扮演一个角色;参与

7.believeitornot信不信由你

8.eventhough/if即便,即使

Ⅲ.经典句式1.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.

以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。2.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.

当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。

3.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.

信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。4.Thisisbecauseintheearlydaysofradio,thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.

这是因为在广播发展的早期,播报新闻的人应该说出色的英语。

5.However,onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.

然而,从电视或广播中你可以听出人们说话方式的不同。

Ⅳ.课文语法填空

Attheendofthe16thcentury,EnglishwasonlyspokenbypeoplefromEngland.Theywerenativespeakers.Today,thelargestnumberofpeople1.speaking(speak)

EnglishmaybeinChina.AlotofChinesepeoplespeakEnglish2.astheirforeignlanguage. 3.TheEnglishlanguage4.haschanged(change) quitealotoverthelastcenturies.OldEnglishsoundedmorelikeGermanforit5.wasbased(base) onGerman,butmodernEnglishsounds6.more(much) likeFrenchthanGerman7.becausethosewhoruledEnglandspokeFrench.Twopeoplehadgreateffects8.on theEnglishchanges.9.OnewasSmamelJohnson,whowrotehisdictionary;theotherwasNoahWebster,whowrote TheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,10.whichgaveAmericanEnglishitsownidentity.

1.basevt.以……为据点(或总部等);把(总部等)设在(use...asthemainplace);以……为基础;n.根基,基底;底座(thelowestpart);根据,出发点;基础

[应试指导]过去分词句法功能的考查

butneithercontainedanyusefulsuggestions.(2015·福建)

这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道,但是都没有有用的建议。

(2)Ournextmeetingwillbe onthebasisof thisagenda.

下次会议将以本议程为中心议题。

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①Basing(base) animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.

②Based(base) onmyownopinion,thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.

(2)同义句改写

Therestaurantisbasedontrust,anditisworkingallright.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)

①Therestaurant,whichisbasedontrust,isworkingallright.

②Therestaurant,whichisworkingallright,isbasedontrust.

(3)单句改错

Thissongisbasedanoldfolksong.based后加on

https://www.360docs.net/doc/519833623.html,mandv.命令(order);博得;拥有;指挥(beinchargeof);n.命令;掌握(control);运用能力

[应试指导]虚拟语气的考查

警察到达后就控制了局势。

(2)Muchasheconfirmshe hasagoodcommandof English,hesometimesfeelsithardtofindanappropriateversionforsomeChineseidioms.

虽然他承认自己掌握了英语,但有时他感到为一些汉语习语找到合适的英语翻译很难。

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①Iamhereatthepresident’scommand.

②Theyareincommandofthepresentsituation.

(2)一句多译

他命令我们马上出发。

①Hecommandedthatwe(should)setoffatonce.(commandthat...)

②Hecommandedustosetoffatonce.(command+复合宾语)

3.requestvt.&n.要求;请求(ask;askfor)

[应试指导]虚拟语气的考查

请不要吸烟。

(2)He requested aloan from abankyesterday.

昨天他向银行申请了贷款。

[特别提醒]

动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词为“(should+)动词原形”。

多维训练

同义句改写

(1)WerequestedMr.Wangnottosmokeintheoffice.

WerequestedthatMr.Wang(should)notsmokeintheoffice.

(2)Itisrequestedthatalltheclubmembersattendtheannualmeeting. Alltheclubmembersarerequestedtoattendtheannualmeeting.

(3)Herequestedthatheshouldbetransferredtoanotherdepartment. Hewastransferredtoanotherdepartmentathisownrequest.

4.atpresent(=atthepresenttime)现在;目前

[应试指导]atpresent作为高级词汇替换now

(1)Atpresent Idonothaveinformationonthemeetingyouaskedabout.

至于是否有你提到的会议,我现在还没有这方面的消息。

(2)WangHua,ourmonitor,presented her with thepreparedflowers.

班长王华向她献上了准备好的鲜花。

[图解助记]

[特别提醒]

present作前置定语时意为“目前的”;作后置定语时,意为“出席的,在场的”。

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①Themayorpresentedhimwithagoldmedalatanofficialcityreception.

②WewerepresentattheconcertwhileTomwasabsentfromit.

③Iwillleavethematterasitstandsforthepresent.

(2)一句多译

他们向学院赠送了一笔款项以纪念他们的儿子。

①Theypresentedasumofmoneytothecollegeinmemoryoftheirson.(present v.+to)

②Theypresentedthecollegewithasumofmoneyinmemoryoftheirson.(present v.+with)

③Theymadethecollegeapresentofasumofmoneyinmemoryoftheirson./Theymadeapresentofasumofm oneytothecollegeinmemoryoftheirson.(present n.)

5.makeuseof利用;使用(use,especiallytogetanadvantage)

最后但同样重要的是,充分利用水资源是我们每个人的责任。

(2)Iusuallymemorizetwentynewwordsadayand putthemtouse wheneverpossible.

我通常每天记20个生词,然后尽可能地使用它们。

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①Yourtimeshouldbemadefulluseoftoexercise(exercise).

②Thenewbridgewillcomeintousenextmonth.

③Mymotheralwaystoldusthereisnousecrying(cry) overspoiledmilk.

(2)用同位语从句合并下列两个句子

①Hecanmakegooduseofeverychancetoimprovehimself.

②Hissuccessliesinthis. Hissuccessliesinthefactthathecanmakegooduseofeverychancetoimprovehimself.

6.separatev.把……分开;分隔;adj.分开的;单独的;独立的

多维训练

单句语法填空

(1)Icanseparatecreamfrommilk.

(2)Thetwocitiesareseparatedbyahighway.

(3)Dividethecakeintohalves.

(4)TaiwanispartofChina.Butitisaseparateisland.It’sseparatedfromthemainlandbyTaiwanStrait.(sepa rate)

7.recognizev.认识;辨认出(makeout);意识到;承认(admit);赏识,表彰;向……打招呼(saluteto)

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①Beingrecognizedinpublichasbroughthermuchtrouble,sosheisalwayswearingdarkglassestoavoidrecognition.(recognize)

②Everyonerecognizedhimasthelawfulheir(法定继承人).

(2)同义句改写Itisrecognizedthatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.(用sth.berecognizedto...改写) Environmentalpollutionisrecognizedtohavebecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface. (3)单句改错

Deeplysorry,Idon’trecognizeyouatfirst,forithasbeenalongtimesincewelastmet.don’t→didn’t https://www.360docs.net/doc/519833623.html,eup走近(comeover);上来;发生(happen);出现(appear);被提出/讨论(bementioned);长出地面,发芽;(太阳、月亮)升起;被提出

多维训练

写出下列句子中comeup的汉语意思

(1)Thesnowdrops(雪花莲) arejustbeginningtocomeup.长出地面;发芽

(2)Wewatchedthesuncomeup.(太阳)升起

(3)I’mafraidsomethingurgenthascomeup;Iwon’tbeabletoseeyoutonight.发生;出现

(4)Thequestionisboundtocomeupatthemeeting.被提出

(5)Oneoftheteacherscameupandstartedtalkingtome.走近

9.playapart(in)扮演一个角色;参与

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①Whoeverplayswithfirewillgetburnt.

②Goodhealthiskeyifolderpeoplearetoremainindependentandtoplayapartinfamilylife.

③Don’tplayajokeonpeopleyoudon’tknow.

(2)翻译句子

而且,我能够学一些学习技巧和方法,这些技巧和方法在我的学习过程中起着重要作用。Besides/Inaddition/What’smore,Icanlearnsomelearningskillsandmethods,whichplayanimportantpartinmystudyprocess.

10.NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEngli sh.,以英语为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。

句型公式:...evenif...

(1)Evenif onemakesamistake,correctingitintimeisagoodthing.

即使一个人犯了错,及时改正就是一件好事。

(2)It’sraining.Evenso,wemustsetoff.

天在下雨。尽管如此,我们还是要出发。

多维训练

(1)单句语法填空

①I’llgothereeveniftheweatheris(be) badtomorrow.

②Eventhoughtheforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.

(2)补全句子中的省略成分

Hewon’tcometoourpartyevenifinvited.

Hewon’tcometoourpartyevenifheisinvited.

11.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。

句型公式:more...than...

不要对他太苛刻,与其说他愚蠢,倒不如说他是被误导了。

(2)Hiswholeschooleducationaddedupto nomorethan oneyear.

他所受的全部学校教育加起来只有一年。

多维训练

(1)篮子里至多有15个鸡蛋。

Therearenotmorethanfifteeneggsinthebasket.

(2)同义句改写

①Heisveryhappyatthegoodnews.(用morethan改写) Heismorethanhappyatthegoodnews.

②Neitherhenoryouarediligent.(用nomore...than...改写)

Heisnomorediligentthanyou.

③Heismorecleverthandiligent.(用less...than...改写)

Heislessdiligentthanclever.

Ⅰ.语境填词

1.Whenanantfindsfood,itproducesapheromone(外激素) thatwillleadothersstraight(直接地) towherethefoodis.(2015·安徽)

2.Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently(经常),especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.(2015·湖南) 3.Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehisidentity(身份) whenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.(2015·湖北)

4.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butisgradually(逐渐地) gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.(2015·湖北) 5.Hetoldthetownofficials(官员) thattheyshouldspeakforthecitizens.(2014·湖南)

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.Weshouldmakefulluseoftimetostudy(study).(2015·广东)

2.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslistening(listen) totheradioandplaying(play) sports.(2015·广东) 3.IwouldalsoliketoknowhowhefeltinspaceandwhetherspacetravelissuchgreatfunasIhaveread.(2015·安徽)

4.ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognized(recognize) publiclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity.(2015·江苏) 5.Thelessonstheylearnedmaynotbedifferentfromwhattheywouldhavegotteninschool.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 6.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?(2015·江苏) 7.“It’ssuchaniceplace.”Mothersaidasshesatatthetablereserved(reserve) forcustomers.(2012·浙江)

8.Therobotdoesn’tjustdelivergeneralanswerstoquestions;itrespondsbased(base) onwhatitlearnsabouteachindividualinthehousehold.(2015·天津)

9.Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdropped(drop) by17percentinjustoneyear.(2015·江苏) 10.Theprofessorwouldactually(actual) liketoseeyouandansweryourquestions.(2015·浙江)

Ⅲ.短语填空

suchas,atpresent,comeup,playapartin,makeuseof,becauseof 1.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthate-wastedeservestobemadeuseof.(2015·江苏) 2.Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.(2015·江苏)

3.Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).(2014·辽宁)

4.Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeservesourduerespect.(2013·广东)

5.Iplantedsomelily(百合花) seedsintheyard.Buttheyfailedtocomeup.(2012·重庆) 6.Atpresentthereareoverfivehundredmapprojectsbeingdevelopedin54countries.(2011·重庆)

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.如今家用机器人做正常的家务活,而社交机器人却更像同伴而不只是单纯的工具。Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthanmeretools.(2015·天津)

2.大多数情况下,那是因为这些人只是不喜欢他们正在做的工作。

Inmostcases,itisbecausethesepeoplesimplydonotenjoythejobtheyaredoing.(2013·广东)

3.无论花费多少他们都要把孩子送去上大学,即使那意味着会欠一屁股债。Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.(2011·山东) 4.一切都有代价;世界上没有免费的午餐。

Everythingcomeswithaprice;thereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.(2010·重庆)

5.毫无疑问,我们利用记忆的方式正在变化。Thereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.(2015·安徽)

写作素材(关于英语)

1.目前,英语在我们的生活中起着重要作用。

2.我们应充分利用每一次机会来练习英语,这样我们就能逐渐扩大词汇量并能流利地讲英语。3.如果你掌握好英语,对你将来的发展是有好处的。

提示:黑体部分用本单元词汇表达,并且请使用sothat引导的目的状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。

连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

At present,English plays an important part in our daily life.We should make full use of every opportunity to practise English so that we can gradually enrich our vocabulary and speak English fluently.If you have a good command of English,it is good for your future development.

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Weofferfivekindsofcourses.Eachcoursehasbeendesignedtohelpstudentsaccordingtotheirneeds. Coursel:GeneralEnglish

GeneralEnglishisdesignedtodevelopstudents’basiccommunicationskillsinspeakingandpronunciatio n,reading,listening,writing,grammarandvocabulary.TuesdaytoFriday:9:00amto11:00am,288perweek.

Course2:AcademicEnglish AcademicEnglishisforstudentswhowanttotaketheIELTSexamorforthosewhoneedtouseEnglishinapro fessionalarea.MondaytoFriday:4:00pmto5:00pm,320perweek.

Course3:HighSchoolESL WhynotmakethemostofyourtimestudyinginAustraliawiththehelpfromTIES?WehaveHighSchoolESLclasseseachweekspecificallydesignedforinternationalstudents.TuesdaytoFri day:8:00amto11:00am,25perhour.

Course4:NightClasses DoyouwanttoimproveyourEnglishandgetthebestpossibleresultsinyourGREtest?Wehavetwonightclasseseachweekdesignedtomeetyourneeds.TuesdayandThursdayevenings:8:30pmto10:30pm.60perday.

Course5:OneonOne IfyouareinterestedinsomeOneonOnelessonswithTIESteachers,wecandesignacoursetomeetyourneeds.OneonOnelessonscanimproveyourEnglishlanguageskillsmore quicklyandhelpstudentswhowanttotakeTOEFL.TuesdayandFriday:2:00pmto5:00pm,80perhour. Pleaseclickheretolearnmoreaboutthecourses! 1.WhichcoursewouldbehelpfulforanEnglishbeginner?

A.HighSchoolESL B.GeneralEnglish

C.NightClasses D.AcademicEnglish

答案 B

解析细节理解题。由第一则广告中的“GeneralEnglishisdesignedtodevelopstudents’basiccommunicationskills...”可知GeneralEnglish是针对初学者的。2.HowmuchwillyoupayifyouspendtwoweekstakingtheNightClasses?

A.360.

B.300.

C.600.

D.240.

答案 D

解析数字计算题。NightClass学费每天60,每周两天(周二和周四)两周共2×60×2=240,故答案选D。

3.Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutthecoursesmentionedinthetext,youcan.

A.makeacall B.writeanemail

C.visitthewebsite D.submitanapplication

答案 C

解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Pleaseclickheretolearnmoreaboutthecourses!”可知,要想了解更多关于课程的信息,点击这儿,当然是在网站上点击啦,故选C。

B Isthereclearboundarybetweenscienceandtheliberalartsasamajorforcollegestudents?Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighere ducationisnotaneither-orproposition(命题),althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway. Thelatestcongressionalreportnotonlyacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsostressesthatthestudyofthehumanities(人文学科) andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralelementsofAmerica’seducationalsystematalllevels.Botharecrit icaltoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovative(创新的) leaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides. Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates’jobprospects(前景) astechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformprofessionsinwaysthatre ducewagesandcutjobs.Underthiscircumstances,it’snaturaltolookforwhatmayappeartobethemost“practical”wayoutoftheproblem.“Majorinasub jectdesignedtogetyouajob”seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.Indeed,accordingtosurveys,employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathasta ughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.

Moreover,studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob,butfortheir4thand5thjobs,asthereislittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworkforcetodaywillbecalledupontoplaymanydiffer entrolesoverthecourseoftheircareers.Theoneswhowilldothebestinthisnewenvironmentwillbethosewh oseeducationshavepreparedthemtobeflexible.Theabilitytodrawuponeveryavailabletoolandinsight—p ickedupfromscience,arts,andtechnology—tosolvetheproblemsofthefuture,andtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatpresentthemselves,willbehelpfultothemandtheUnitedStates. 4.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreportsuggest?

A.Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety. B.Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents’spirituallife.

C.STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety. D.ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.

答案 D

解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thelatestcongressionalreportnotonlyacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsostressesthatthestudyofthehumanities(人文学科) andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralelementsofAmerica’seducationalsystematalllevels.”可知人文学科和社会学科应具有同样重要地位,故选D。5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthesocalledsoftsubjects? A.Theyareessentialtostudents’healthygrowth.

B.Theyimprovestudents’communicationskills.

C.Theybroadenstudents’rangeofinterests.

D.Theybenefitstudentsintheirfuturelife.

答案 D

解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob’seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas‘soft’often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.”可知这样的课程有利于学生的未来生活,故选D。6.Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychooseamajor? A.Theacademicvalueofthecourses.

B.Theirinterestinrelevantsubjects.

C.Theirchancesofgettingagoodjob.

D.Thequalityofeducationtoreceive.

答案 C

解析细节理解题。根据文章的第三段“Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob.”可知选C。7.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetocollegestudents? A.Trytotakeavarietyofpracticalcourses. B.Preparethemselvesfordifferentjoboptions. C.Adoptaflexibleapproachtosolvingproblems. D.Seizeopportunitiestotaptheirpotential.

答案 B

解析推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段可知多学些功课有利于孩子将来的谋生,故选B。

Ⅱ.七选五

8Thisdatewastheoldmid-winterfestivalinpre-Christmastimes,aroundthetimeofthelongestnightandtheshortestday.Christmasinthe21stcenturyhasmanytraditions:Christmastrees,cardsandpresents.Shopscanmakeabout60percentoftheiryear’sincomeinthethreemonthsbeforeChrist mas,somostshopsgetreadyforitinOctober.9Thefirsttimethishappenedwasin1867whenMacy’sfamoussho pinNewYorkstayedopenuntilmidnightonChristmasEve.

Bymid-December,almosteveryshopandstreethasaChristmastree.10Inthenortherncountries,winteriscoldanddarkandmosttreesaredecoratedwithlightsandcoloredglassballsthatgivepeoplehopetha tspringwillcome.

FatherChristmasisknownacrosstheworldwithhiswhitehair,redcoatandbigbagoftoys.YoungchildrenaretoldthathelivesinthenorthofFinlandandmakestoysforthem.

11

OnChristmasDayatraditionalmealiseaten,usuallyaturkeyandarich,spicycake.SomepeoplehateChristmas.12Theyloveseeingfamilyandfriends;theyalsolovethetraditions.Loveitorhateit,Christmasisatimetolookbackovertheoldyearandforwardtothenewone. A.ThistraditionwasstartedbytheGermansasearlyas700AD.

B.Believeitornot.

C.Sinceabout400AD,ChristmasDayhasbeencelebrated. D.Othersfeelitisamagicalandexcitingtime. E.Theshoppingcentersarebeautifullydecoratedandstayopenlateatnight. F.Itwasreallybeautifulindeed.

G.Bytradition,hebringsthetoystochildrenatnight,onthenightbeforeChristmas.

答案8.C9.E10.A11.G12.D

Ⅲ.短文改错

I’mstillahighschoolstudent,andonmywaytobeginmycollegedays.Everyday,devotedinmystudy,Ihavelearnedmuchknowledge,whichwilldefinitepromisemeagoodperformanceinmycollegeentranceexams.IhopethatIcanbeadmittin gintomydreamuniversity,onewithgoodequipmentandlearnedprofessors,whichcanoffermeguidancewhenIamintrouble.Ofcourse,therewillbeexamsincollegetocheckmystudy.IsharethesameideawithMikethatweshouldbeactiveincoll ege.Iwon’tburyhimselfinbooksthewholeday.Insteadof,I’lljoinmuchclubswhereIcandevelopmysocialskillsandmypotential.IfirmbelievethatonlywhenIhave

acommongroundImakemycollegelifemorecolorful. 答案

I’mstillahighschoolstudent,andonmywayto

begin

beginning mycollegedays.Everyday,devoted

in

to

mystudy,Ihavelearnedmuchknowledge,whichwill

definite definitely

promisemeagoodperformanceinmycollegeentranceexams.IhopethatIcanbe admitting admitted

intomydreamuniversity,onewithgoodequipmentandlearnedprofessors,which who

canoffermeguidancewhenIamintrouble.Ofcourse,therewillbeexamsincollegetocheckmystudy.IsharethesameideawithMikethatweshouldbeactiveincoll

ege.Iwon’tbury himself

myself inbooksthewholeday.Insteadof,I’lljoin

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many

clubswhereIcandevelopmysocialskillsandmypotential.I

firm firmly

believethatonlywhenIhaveacommonground ∧

can Imakemycollegelifemorecolorful.

英语必修二知识点整理

英语必修二知识点整理 Unit1 Cultural relics 1.基础梳理 rare valuable survive vase dynasty amaze honey design fancy style decorate jewel artist belong to remove troop reception doubt former worth local apartment paint castle trail envidence entrance sink sailor maid in formal debate take apart keep…in one’s heart 2.词语归纳 1)state 指“国家”时,常表示“政权,国体”等政治性概念,首字母常常大写。表示“状态,情况”时,为可数名词,常作单数;in a state表示“处于混乱或者是不整洁的状态”;get into a state变得十分紧张。 in state 庄严堂皇的,隆重的 state也可以作动词,表示“陈述,阐明,声明”,多用于正式场合或者是公文,商务信函,日常用语中应该避免。 表示“据说,据称”常用于it或者sb/sth作主语的被动句中。 2)rare 作形容词,表示“罕见的,稀少的,稀有的,难得的”,可形容人或者是物。rare也可以指肉,表示“未熟的,半熟的”。 rare也是作副词,相当于rarely,意思是“很,非常”。 rare和and连用,相当于一个副词,意思是“很,极,非常”。 3)belong 不能用于被动语态和进行时。 belong in 适宜于,用利于,应该用在……。 4)gift

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1.1 孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验(一)(第一课时) 【教学目标】1、阐明孟德尔的一对相对性状的杂交实验。 2、体验孟德尔遗传实验的科学方法和创新思维。 【知识梳理】 一、为什么选用豌豆作为实验材料容易成功?(观察图1-1,1-2,1-3,总结选用豌豆的优点) 1. 豌豆传粉(且闭花受粉),结果是:自花传粉(自交),产生; 自交:两性花的花粉落到同一朵花的雌蕊柱头上的过程叫自花传粉,也叫自交。 杂交:基因型不同的个体之间的交配。 豌豆花大,易于进行人工杂交,即去雄—套袋(防止其它花粉的干扰)—授粉(采集另一种豌豆的花粉,授到去掉雄蕊的花的柱头上),获得真正的杂种; 父本:供应花粉的植株叫父本(♂) 母本:接受花粉的植株叫母本(♀) 正交、反交:若甲作父本、乙做母本为正交,反之为。 2. 具有稳定遗传、的性状,如豌豆茎的高度有悬殊的差异,通过观察很容易区分,进行统计。 性状:是指生物体的形态特征和生理特征的总称。如:豌豆茎的高矮。 相对性状是指一种_____ _的____ __性状的____ _表现类型。如:_____________ 。 设问:豌豆有多对相对性状,孟德尔做杂交实验时是同时观察的吗?他先观察一对相对性状的遗传,并对此进行分析。 二、一对相对性状的遗传实验(观察图1-4) P 纯种的高茎豌豆×纯种的矮茎豌豆 ♀(♂)↓♂(♀) F1高茎豌豆 ↓自交 F2 高茎豌豆矮茎豌豆 3 :1 思考: F1为什么表现出高茎,没有表现出矮茎的性状? F2为什么又出现了矮茎?且统计是3:1的数量比?这比值是偶然的吗? 具有相对性状的两个亲本杂交所产生的F1中__________ _的性状叫显性性状。而 _______________ 的性状叫隐性性状。 性状分离指在______ _后代中,同时显现出________ _和_________ _的现象。 三、对分离现象的解释 1、孟德尔在观察和统计分析的基础上,果断地摒弃了前人融合遗传的观点,通过严谨的推理和大胆的想象,提出了如下假说: (1)性状是由_________ 决定的。遗传因子不融合、不消失。 显性性状:由显性遗传因子控制(用大写D表示) 隐性性状:由隐性遗传因子控制(用小写d表示) (2)体细胞中遗传因子是___________存在。 纯合子是指_________________的个体。如:纯种高茎豌豆:DD;纯种矮茎豌豆:dd 纯合子表现出来的性状能稳定遗传,自交不发生性状分离。 杂合子指_________________的个体,如:F1高茎豌豆:Dd 杂合体表现出来的性状不稳定遗传,自交后代发生性状分离。 (3)生物体在形成生殖细胞(______)时,成对的遗传因子彼此分离,分别进入不同的配子中。配子中只含每对遗传因子中的一个。 (4)受精时,雌雄配子的结合是的。 2、观察遗传分析图解图1-5 思考: F1形成的雌雄配子种类、比值都相等。两种雌配子和两种雄配子结合机会______,因此F2便有了____、_____、_____三种基因组合,比例为_______ ,在性状上则近于高:矮=________。 [记忆节节清] 性状:生物体形态特征和生理特征的总称 相对性状:一种生物的同一性状的不同表现类型。 显性性状:具有相对性状的亲本杂交,F1显现出来的性状。 隐性性状:具有相对性状的亲本杂交,F1不显现出来的性状。 性状分离:杂种的自交后代中,同时出现显性性状和隐性性状的现象。 孟德尔对分离现象的解释 1、生物的性状是由遗传因子决定的。遗传因子不融合、不消失。 2、体细胞中遗传因子是成对存在的

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必修② 遗 传 与 进 化

问题探究:红牡丹与白牡丹杂交的后代开的花,会是什么颜色? 知识目标: 1. 杂交常识: ①杂交的操作方法:P3 图1-2. ②孟德尔选豌豆做遗传实验的原因:豌豆是传粉受粉的植物,还具有易于 区分的。 ③相对性状:一种生物的同一的不同表现类型,如豌豆的高茎和矮茎。 2. 一对相对性状的杂交试验(P4 左上角图1-4):你从杂交实验图中发现了什么问题?有 什么规律吗? 3. 对分离现象的解释:(请完成下列假说的内容并用遗传图解释) ①假说内容: a.生物的性状是由决定的。 b.体细胞中遗传因子是存在的。 c.生物体在形成生殖细胞——配子时,成对的彼此分离,分别进入到不同的配 子中。配子中只含有遗传因子中的一个。 d.受精时,雌雄配子的结合是的。 ②.遗传图解:(能力目标) 4. 对分离现象解释的验证:(测交) 5.分离定律:在生物的细胞中,控制着同一性状的遗传因子成对存在,不相;在形成配子时,成对的遗传因子发生分离,分离后的遗传因子进入到不同的配子中,随配子遗传给后代。 作业: 1. 请列举出你在本节内容中所见到的新的专业术语并加以理解。 2.P8 基础题及资料上相关试题。

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一、柱、台、锥、球的结构特征 二、柱体、锥体、台体、球体的表面积、体积 1、面积公式 2、体积公式

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高中英语必修二第一单元知识点总结 内部编号:(YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128)

高一英语知识点归纳和总结必修2第一单元 一、重点短语回顾 1. in search _________ 寻找,搜寻 2. _______ to 属于 3. in _________ 作为报答,回报 4. at _________ 处于交战状态 5. _______ than 少于 6. be __________ doing 值得做 7. add A ______ B 把A添加到B 8. serve _______ 充当 9. agree ______ 同意;赞成 10. care _______ 关心;在乎 11. rather _______ 而不是 12. for _________ 亲自 13. to one’s _______ 令某人吃惊的是 14. think _______ of 看重;器重 15. search _______ 寻找 1. of 2. belong 3. return 4. war 5. less than 6. worth 7. to 8. as 9. with 10. about 11. than 12. oneself 13. to 14. highly 15. for 二、课本知识点

2. in search of 寻找,找寻in the search of (?) in one’s search for = in the search for (?) search sp.某地 for sb./sth 搜查某地寻找某人某物in one’s research of (×) 3. could have done 意思1:过去可能做过某事 I can't imagine how he could have thought of doing such a thing。 我不能想象他怎么会想到做这样的事。 这里的could表示对可能性的一种推测。 意思2:本来可以做某事(而实际上没做)*- But for your help, I could have fed the fishes. 若不是你搭救,我恐怕已经葬身鱼腹了 4.must have done 肯定干了某事 can’t have done = couldn’t have done 肯定没干某事 5. may have done = might have done 可能干了某事 may not have done = might not have done 过去可能没做过某事6. need have done 本应该做某事但是没有 needn’t have done 本不必做某事(而实际上做了) 7. should have done = ought to have done 本该做某事(而实际上未做)

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