石油化工专业英语词汇
目录
石油化工英语词汇.................................................................. - 2 - 石油行业标准---中英对照........................................................... - 4 - 石油钻井业常用专业词汇---中英对照................................................. - 5 - 常用化工产品英文缩写............................................................. - 41 - 石化工业......................................................................... - 73 - 石油公司......................................................................... - 76 - 原油价格......................................................................... - 78 - 油藏工程引论(I).................................................................. - 79 - 油藏工程引论(II)................................................................. - 81 - 国际石油区块合同词汇(中英文)..................................................... - 83 - 日语词汇：石油/天然ガス用語...................................................... - 86 -
石油化工英语词汇gate valve闸阀
globe valve截止阀；球心阀
angle valve角接阀
plug cock旋塞
free ball valve自由式球阀
fixed ball valve固定式球阀
angle lift check valve角接式升降止逆阀
diaphragm valve隔膜阀
butterfly valve蝶阀
tilting-disk check valve斜盘式止逆阀
swing check valve旋启式止逆阀
vartical lift check valve直立升降式止逆阀
wedge gate楔形闸板
globe type disc球心形阀盘
ball球体
diaphragm隔膜
oil field 油田
wildcat 盲目开掘的油井
percussive drilling 冲击钻探
rotary drilling 旋转钻探
offshore drilling 海底钻探
well 井，油井
derrick 井架
Christmas tree 采油树
crown block 定滑轮
travelling block 动滑轮
drill pipe, drill stem 钻杆
drill bit钻头
roller bit 牙轮钻头
diamond bit 钻石钻头
swivel 泥浆喷嘴
turntable, rotary table 轮盘
pumping station 泵站
sampling 取样
sample 样品，样本
core sample 矿样
storage tank 储油罐
pipeline 油管
pipe laying 输油管线
oil tanker 油轮
tank car, tanker （铁路）罐车，槽车
tank truck, tanker （汽车）运油罐车，油罐车refining 炼油
refinery 炼油厂
cracking 裂化
separation 分离
fractionating tower 分馏塔
fractional distillation 分馏
distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔polymerizing, polymerization 聚合reforming 重整
purification 净化
hydrocarbon 烃，碳氢化合物
crude oil, crude 原油
petrol 汽油（美作：gasoline）
LPG, liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气LNG, liquefied natural gas 液化天然气octane number 辛烷数，辛烷值
vaseline 凡士林
paraffin 石蜡
kerosene, karaffin oil 煤油
gas oil 柴油
lubricating oil 润滑油
asphalt 沥青
benzene 苯
fuel 燃料
natural gas 天然气
olefin 烯烃
high-grade petrol, high-octane petrol 高级汽油，高辛烷值汽油
plastic 塑料
石油行业标准---中英对照
埋地钢质管道直流排流保护技术标准：Standard of D.C.drainage protection for buried steel pipelines
钢制管道及储罐腐蚀评价标准埋地钢质管道外腐蚀直接评价：Standard of steel pipeline and tank corrosion assessment steel pipeline external corrosion direct assessment
钢质储罐罐底外壁阴极保护技术标准：Standard of external surface cathodic protection for bottom for steel storage tank
天然气地面设施抗硫化物应力开裂和抗应力腐蚀开裂的金属材料要求：Metallic material requirements-Resistance to sulfide stress cracking and stress corrosion cracking for gas surface equipment
石油钻采设备用气动元件：Pneumatic components for petroleum drilling and production equipment
抽油杆：Sucker Rods
石油天然气工业用柴油机：The diesel engine for the petroleum and natrual gas industry
钻井液循环管汇：Drilling fluid recurrence manifold
钻井工程术语：V ocabulary of well drilling engineering
岩心分析方法：Practices for core analysis
空心抽油杆：Hollow sucker rods
单螺杆抽油泵地面驱动装置：PC Pump Drive Heads
石油钻采设备可靠性、维修性预计方法：The reliability, maintainability prediction on equipment of oil field
drilling and production
司钻安全技术考核规则：Assessment rules of safety technlogy for driller
独立井口装置规范：Specification for independent wellhead equipment
石油钻机用柴油机偶合器机组：Diesel hydraulic coupling set for oil drilling rig
油田用V带规范：Specification for Oil-Field V-Belt
石油天然气工业用钢丝绳的选用和维护的推荐作法：Recommended practice on application, Care,and use of wire rope for petroleum & natural gas industry service
分流器系统设备及作业推荐作法：Recommended practice for diverter systems equipment and operations
游梁式抽油机的安装与润滑：Installation and lubrication of beam pumping units
端盖、联结件和旋转接头规范：Specification on end closures,connectors and swivels
油气田消防站建设规范：The construction specification for fire station of oil and natural gas field
石油设施电气设备安装区域一级、0区、1区和2区区域划分推荐作法：Recommended practice for classification of locations for electrical installations at petroleum facilities classified as class 1,zone 0, zone 1,and zone 2
天然气处理厂保护环境的推荐作法：Natural gas processing plant recommended practices for protection of the environment
常压与低压储罐通风的推荐作法：Recommended practice venting atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks
密度测井刻度器校准方法：The transformation method of density logging calibrator
石油钻井业常用专业词汇---中英对照
A
氨基三乙酸(NTA) || aminotriacetic acid
胺基|| amino
铵基|| ammonium
安全地层|| safe formation
安全试破|| safe destruction
安全钻井|| safe drilling
坳陷|| down warping region
螯合|| chelation
凹陷|| sag
凹陷地层|| subsidence formation
奥陶系|| Ordovician system
API模拟法|| API recommened method
B
多靶点|| multiple target point
白沥青|| white asphalt
白油|| mineral oil
白云母|| white mica
半透膜|| semipermeable membrane
包被絮凝剂|| flocculant
包被|| envelop
包被抑制性|| encapsulating ability
饱和度|| saturation
饱和度剖面图|| profile map of degree of saturation 饱和盐水|| saturated salt water
背斜|| anticlinal
钡|| barium
苯环|| benzene ring
苯酚|| phenyl hydroxide
本质区别|| essential difference
泵压过高|| overhigh pumping pressure
比表面积|| specific surface area
比吸水量|| specific absorption
比重瓶法|| density bottle method
避免|| avoid
蓖麻油|| ricinus oil
边界摩擦|| boundary friction
扁藻（浮游植物）|| algae
变化趋势|| variation trend
标准化|| standardization
标准粘度测量|| standard visicosity measure
表面粗糙度|| roughness of the surface
表面电位|| surface electric potential
表面活性剂|| surfactant ,surface active agent
表面能|| interface energy
表面粘度|| surface viscosity
表面抛光|| sample surface
Aibbs表面弹性|| Aibbs surface elasticity
表面张力|| surface tension
表明|| verify /reveal
表皮系数(S) || skin coefficient
憋钻|| bit bouncing
宾汉方程|| bingham equation
丙三醇|| glycerine
丙烯情|| acrylonitrile
丙烯酸|| acrylic acid
丙烯酸盐|| acrylate
丙烯酰胺|| acrylamide
薄而韧的泥饼|| thin,plastic and compacted mud-cake || 薄片|| flake
薄弱地层|| weak formation
泊松比|| poisson?s ratio
剥离|| peel off
补救|| remediation
不分散泥浆|| nondispersed mud
不干扰地质录井|| play no role in geological logging 不均质储层|| heterogeneous reservoir
不均匀|| uneven
不可逆|| irreversible
不同程度|| inordinately
部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA) || partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide C
参数优选|| parametric optimization
残酸|| reacted acid
残余饱和度|| residual staturation
残渣|| gel residue , solid residue
测量|| measure
侧链|| side chain
侧钻水平井|| sidetrack horizontal well
层间|| interlayer
层间距|| the distance between the two crystal layer, layer distance 层理|| bedding
层流|| layer flow
差减法|| minusing
尝试|| trial
柴油|| diesel oil
长连缔合物|| long chain associated matter
操作方法|| operation method
超伸井|| high deep well
超深预探井|| ultradeep prospecting well
超声波|| ultrasonography
超高密度泥浆|| extremely high density mud
超细碳酸钙|| super-fine calcium carbonate
产层|| production/pay zone
产层亏空|| reservoir voidage
产量|| production ,output
沉淀|| precipitation
沉降|| subside
沉降速度|| settling rate
沉砂|| sand setting
衬套|| sleeve
程序|| program
成对水平井|| paired parallel horizontal wells
成分|| ingredient
成胶剂|| gelatinizing agent
成膜树脂|| film-forming resin
成岩性差|| poor diagenetic grade
承压|| bearing pressure
承压低|| lower pressure resistance
承压能力|| loading capacity
尺寸|| dimension
斥力|| repulsion
除硫效果|| sulfur limitation effect
除硫剂|| sulfur elimination
除砂器|| desander
触变性|| thixotropy
触变剂|| thixotropic agent
垂沉|| sag
垂直井|| vertical well
充气钻井液|| aerated drilling fluid
磁化|| magnetization
次生有机阳离子聚合物|| secondary organic cationic polymer 冲砂|| sand removal
冲蚀|| flush
冲刷|| washing out
冲洗|| clean
冲洗效率|| cleaning efficiency
冲洗液|| washing fluid
从…角度|| from the standpoint of
丛式井|| cluster well
稠化剂|| gelling agent
稠油区|| viscous oil area
稠油藏|| high oil reservoir
初步分析|| preliminary analysis
初始稠度|| initial consistency
初始粘度|| initial viscosity
初探|| primary investigation
处理剂|| additive ,treating-agent
粗分散泥浆|| coarse dispersed mud
粗泡沫堵漏工艺|| coarse-foam plugging technology
促凝剂|| accelerating agent
醋酸|| acetate
醋酸钠|| sodium acetate
窜流|| fluid channeling
脆裂|| embrittlement crack
脆性|| brittle/crisp ,fragility
催化剂|| accelerant , catalyst
萃取剂|| extracting agent
D
达西定律|| Dar cy?s equation
大段水层|| thick aqueous formation
大分子氢键络合作用|| polycomplexation of hydrogen bond 大灰量|| mass slurry
大井斜角|| high deviation angle
大块岩样|| big rock sample
大块钻屑|| massive drilling cuttings
大类|| genera
大理石|| marble
大砾石层|| large gravel bed
大量分析|| quantitative analysis
大排量洗井|| high flow rate washover
大排量循环|| high flow rate circulation
大位移定向井|| extended-reach directional well
大斜度钻井|| big inclination/angle drilling
大直径井眼|| large hole
代表性岩心|| representive core sample
单宁酸|| tannate
单体|| monomer
单相关分析法|| analyzing method of single correlation
单相关系数加权|| coefficient weighted method of single correlation 单轴抗压强度|| uniaxial compressive strength
氮|| nitrogen
N-羟甲剂胺|| N-hydroxymethyl amine
淡水|| fresh water
单向压力暂堵剂|| unidirectional pressure temporary plugging additive 导向螺杆钻具|| stearable assemly
导向器|| guider
等温曲线|| isothermal curve
低毒油基|| low toxicity oil based
低返速|| low return-velocity
低固相泥浆|| low solid drilling fluid
低级醛|| low-grade aldehyde
低粘土相泥浆|| low clay content drilling fluid
狄塞尔堵漏剂|| diacel plugging agent
滴定|| titration
底水丰富|| basal water abundance
底水油藏井|| bottom water reservoir well
第二界面|| second contact surface
缔合物|| associated matter
地层|| formation
地层出液量|| formation fluid production
地层破碎|| straturn breaking
地层倾角大|| higher formation clination
地层水|| formation water
地层损害|| formation damage
地面岩心压汞|| surface core mercury injection test
地下水|| groundwater , subsurface water
地应力|| ground stress
地质|| geology
地质构造|| geologic structure
淀粉|| starch
电测|| electronic logging
电导率|| electric conductivity
电荷|| electricity
电化学法|| electrochemistry method
电解质|| electrolyte
电镜分析|| electronic microscope photos
电位|| potential fall
ξ电位|| zeta potential
电性|| electric property
电泳法|| electrophoresis method
电子探针|| electron spectrum
调查|| census
顶替过程|| displacing operation
定量设计|| quantitative design
定向井|| direction well
定子|| stator
冻胶|| gel
动静弹性模量|| dynamic and static elasticity modulus
动力稳定性|| settling stability
动力学|| kinetics
动态滤失|| dynamic filtration
动切力|| yield value
动塑比|| ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity 堵漏|| plugging
堵塞|| seal
堵塞比(DR) || damage ratio
堵塞物|| bulkhead
堵水|| water shutoff
毒性大|| high toxicity
毒性污染环境|| toxicity ruins the environment
短过渡|| short transition time
短纤维|| brief fiber
断层发育|| mature fault
断裂带|| faulted zone
对策|| countermeasure
多产层|| multilayered reservoir
多分支侧钻井|| multi-lateral sidetracking well
多功能添加剂|| multifunction additive
多孔介质|| porons medium
多目标定向井|| multi-target directional well
多相稳态胶体悬浮体系|| polynomial gel suspension system
多元醇|| polyatomic alcohol
多元非线性回归|| multielement non-linesr regression
多元统计|| multivariate statistics
惰性材料|| inert material
惰性润滑剂|| inert lubricant
E
二次沉淀|| secondary precipitation
二叠系|| Permian system
二甲胺|| dimethylamine
二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵|| dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride 二价阳离子|| bivalent ion
二开|| second section
二氧化碳（CO2）carbon dioxide
二元共聚物|| binary polymer
F
发气剂|| gas-development
发展趋势|| development tendency
反排解堵|| plug removal by reverse flow
范氏力|| van der waals force
范氏粘度计|| fann viscosimeter
返回|| go back to
方便钻井液复合粉|| convenient mud compound powder
方程|| equation
芳香烃|| aromatic group
防窜水泥|| anti-fluid-channeling cement
防腐|| anti-corrosion
防卡|| pipe-sticking prevention ,anti-sticking
防漏失|| lost circulation prevention
防气窜|| anti-fluid-channeling
防塌机理|| mechanism of anti-caving
防塌剂|| anti-caving/collapse agent , clay stabilizer
防止|| prevent…from
纺织|| textile
放空不返|| loss of bit load with loss return
放射性示踪剂|| radioactive tracer tritium
非均质|| nonhomogeneity
非离子|| nonionic
非牛顿流体|| non-newtonian fluid
非渗透性|| impervious
废泥浆|| mud disposal
沸石|| zeolite
分布|| distribution
分段固井技术|| stage cementing technology
分光度法|| spectrophotometer
分类|| division
分散|| dispersion
分散剂|| dispersant
分散介质|| dispersion medium
分析|| analysis
分形理论|| fractal theory
分形几何|| fractal geometry
分子|| molecules
分子间能量交换|| energy exchange between molecules
分子量|| molecular weight
分子链|| molecular chain
分子形态|| shape of molecular chain
粉尘|| dust
粉煤灰|| fly ash
粉末|| powder
粉砂质|| aleuritic texture
酚羟基的邻位或对位氢|| p-or o-hydrogen atom of phenolic group 封闭剂|| sealing agent
封闭稳定|| good isolation
封堵|| formation sealing
封堵剂|| formation sealant
封固段|| interval isolation
扶正器|| centralizer
氟硼酸|| borofluorhydric
浮力效应|| effect of buoyancy
孵化速度|| incubation
浮游植物|| floating vegetation
复合|| combine
复合离子|| multifunctional ionic
复合离子聚合物|| amphiprotic/amphoteric polymers ,
复合金属两性离子聚合物|| composite metal zwitterionic polymer 复合聚合物泥浆|| compound-polymer mud
复配方案|| compositional formulation
复杂地层|| complex formation, troublesome region ,trick formation 复杂度|| complex rate
复杂时效|| outage time
复杂情况|| down-hole troublesome condition
腐蚀|| corrosion
腐蚀电位|| corrosion potential
腐蚀速率|| corrosion rate
腐殖酸|| humate ,humic acid
腐殖酸钾(KHm) || potassium humic
辅料|| auxiliary material
负|| negative ||
负压钻井|| underbalanced drilling
符合|| accord with
符合率|| coincidence || rate
副产品|| by-product
附加密度|| addition mud density
G
改善泥饼质量|| improvement of mud cake
改性|| modification
改性淀粉|| modified starch
改性沥青|| modified asphalt
改造|| refomation
钙|| calcium
钙矾石|| ettringite
钙膨润土钠化|| sodium modified calcium betonite || 干混拌技术|| mixing technology
干扰|| interfere with
甘油|| glycerol
锆|| zirconium
高分子|| higher molecular weight
高分子聚合物|| macromoleclar polymer ||
高分子絮凝剂|| polymer flocculant
高负荷|| high load
高级脂肪醇树脂|| higher fatty alcohol
高价金属阳离子|| high valent cationic
高角度微裂缝|| high angle micro-fracture
高矿化度地层水|| highly mineralized formation brines 高岭土|| kaolinite
高炉矿渣(BFS) || blast furnace slag
高密度钻井液|| high density drilling fluid
高难度|| high challenge
高粘度清扫液|| viscous sweeping fluid
高砂比|| high sand ratio
高温静置|| quiescence in high temperature
高温泥浆|| high-temperature mud
高吸水量树脂|| absorbent resin
高温高压流变仪|| HTHP rheometer
高效润滑剂|| super lubricant
高压盐水层|| high pressured slatwater layer
膏岩层|| gypsolyte
膏质泥岩|| creaming mudstone
膏状磺化沥青|| paste sulphonated asphalt
隔离冲洗液|| spacer/flushing fluid
隔离膜|| isolating membrane
各向异性|| anisotropy
工程|| engineering
共聚|| copolymerization
共聚物|| copolymer
共聚物类降粘剂|| copolymer thinner
狗腿|| dogleg
构造裂缝|| structural fracture
固化|| solidification
固化剂|| hardener , curing agent
固井技术|| cementing technology
固体团块|| solid cake
固相|| solid phase
固相含量|| solid concentration
固相颗粒|| solid particles
固相颗粒侵入|| solid invasion
固相控制技术|| solid control technology
固相损害|| damage of particles
固液分离技术|| centrifugal separation method 胍胶|| guargum
瓜尔胶|| guar
挂片失重法|| weight loss method ||
关掉电机|| turn off the power
光谱|| spectroscopy
硅|| silicone
硅粉|| silica powder
硅氟|| fluosilicic
硅铝比|| ratio of silicate to aluminium
硅酸钠|| sodium silicate
硅酸盐|| silicate
滚轮失重法|| roller weight loss method
国内外|| home and abroad
过渡金属|| transitional metal
过平衡压力|| over-balanced pressure
过剩浓度|| residual concentration
过氧化物|| peroxide
H
海绿石|| chlorite
海上|| offshore
海水泥浆|| sea water mud
海湾|| bay
海洋生物|| marine animal
含量|| content
含水量|| moisture content
耗氧量（COD）|| chemical oxygen demand
耗氧量(BOD520) || biological oxygen demand
核桃壳粉|| walnut shell flour
核磁共振（NMR）|| nuclear magnetic resonance 合成|| synthesis
合成基钻井液|| synthetic base drilling fluid
合格|| eligible
合理级配|| reasonable distribution
褐煤|| lignite
赫巴模式|| Herschel-Buckley model
黑色正电胶(BPG) || black positive gel
恒定滤失速率|| constant filtration rate
葫芦串|| irregular borehole
护胶剂|| colloid protecting resistance
护胶作用|| colloid stability
互层|| interbeded
红外光谱|| infrared spectrography
花岗岩|| granite
划眼作业|| reaming operation
化学螯合剂|| chelating agent
化学冲洗液|| chemically washing solution
化学结垢(沉淀) || chemical precipitation
环保型|| environment friendly /acceptable
环境保护|| environment protection
环空当量密度|| annular equivalent density
环空返速|| velocity in annular
环空压耗|| annular pressure lost
环氧丙烷|| epoxypropare
环氧氯丙烷(ECH) || epoxy chloropropane ,epichlorohydric 缓蚀剂|| corrosion inhibitor
磺化|| sulfonation
磺化酚醛树脂|| sulfomethal phenolaldehy resin
磺化剂|| sulfonating agent
磺化类处理剂|| sulfonated additives
磺化沥青|| sulfonated gilsonite
磺化沥青泥浆|| sulfonated-asphalt mud
磺甲基酚醛树脂|| sulfonated methypheuo formald-ehyde 磺酸基团|| sulfonic acid group ,sulfo group
灰色关联分析法|| gray relative analysis method
灰岩|| limestone
回归分析|| regressive analysis
回收率|| recovery percent
回填还耕|| refilling for plowland
石油化工英语的构词特点及翻译策略
第19卷第5期茂名学院学报V ol.19No.5 2009年10月JO URNA L OF M AO M IN G UNI VERSI TY Oct.2009 石油化工英语的构词特点及翻译策略X 初良龙 (辽宁石油化工大学外国语学院,辽宁抚顺市113001) 摘要:石油化工英语属于专门用途英语,其词汇的构成具有独特的特征。从派生词、复合词和缩略词几个方面出发,分析了石油化工英语词汇的构词方式,并分别探讨了它们的翻译方法。 关键词:石油化工;化工英语;构词方式;翻译方法 中图分类号:H315.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1671-6590(2009)05-0049-04 石油化工词汇涉及范围广泛,从原油、天然气到炼油、石油化工产品加工及化纤、化肥等范围的专业词汇和化合物名称,为了适应实际翻译工作的需要,还要了解有关机械、设备、仪器仪表和自动化控制、土建、电气、储运等方面的词汇[1]。本文对石油化工英语词汇的构成特点进行详细的分析,探讨其翻译策略。 1派生词 派生词是词根加上前缀或后缀构成的。一般说来,前缀只是改变词的意义,并不改变其词性。如形容词leaded加铅的,加上前缀un-变成unleaded不加铅的、无铅的,词义发生变化,而词性不变。后缀不仅改变词的意义,而且使单词词性发生改变。如动词crack为/裂化、裂解0,加上后缀-er变成cracker,作为/裂化装置、裂解炉0解,不仅词义发生变化,而且由动词变成了名词。然而,应当指出,前缀加于某些词前也可构成另一种词性,如rich(形容词)富裕的、浓厚的)enrich(动词)富化、增浓等。除了常用词缀外,一些专业词缀的构词能力也非常强。本文以部分词缀为例,分析和探讨石油化工领域派生词构成与翻译方法。1.1前缀 1de-是一个在石油化工行业常见的词缀,因为在石化产品加工过程中,分解裂化过程是必不可少的。de-作为前缀,在构成不同的词时,由于生产工艺的不同,分别译为/破0、/消0、/脱0、/去0、/除0等,在翻译中要灵活应对,如:dementallization脱金属,de mulsifier破乳剂,delusterant消光剂,desulfurization脱硫,de2 foamer去沫剂、消泡剂,decoking除焦。 o前缀per-是/高0、/过0、/全0之义,如:perchlorate高氯酸盐,perhydride过氢化物,perchloro-ethylene 全氯乙烯,peroxide过氧化物。 ?poly-译为/聚0或/多0,如:polythene聚乙烯,polyacrylonitrile聚丙烯腈,polymerbitumen聚合沥青, polysulfide多硫化物,polyphosphate多聚磷酸酯。 ?pre-表示/预先0、/在前0等义,如:prevulcanization预硫化,predistillation初步蒸馏,prewashing预洗, prehydrogenation预加氢,preflash预闪蒸。 ?bio-是表示/生物0之义,如:bio-ethylene生物乙烯,bio-diesel生物柴油,bio-surfactant生物表面活性剂,biocatalyst生物催化剂,biodegradation生物降解作用。 ?ethyl-译为/乙基0,如:ethylene乙烯,ethylalcohol乙醇,ethylbenzene乙苯、苯乙烷,ethylether乙醚,eth2 ylal乙醛,ethylidene亚乙基。 X收稿日期:2008-12-15;修回日期:2009-02-16 作者简介:初良龙(1972)),男,山东昌邑人,副教授,上海外国语大学在读博士生,从事二语习得和翻译理论研究。
油气储运专业英语reading部分翻译
Petroleum and Its Modern Uses [1] Petroleum, coal, and natural gas are the most widely used sources of energy in the m odern world. They are of primary importance in the industrialized countries, where vast am ounts of energy are consumed to operate the different kinds of machines used today. The se three energy sources are collectively referred to as fossil fuels. 石油、煤炭和天然气是现代世界最广泛使用的能源。它们在工业化国家中最为重要，在这些国家，人们消耗大量的能源来操作今天使用的各种机器。这三种能源统称为化石燃料。 [2] At various depths beneath land and sea, there are accumulations of hydrocarbons form ed millions and even hundreds of millions of years ago by decomposition of animal and v egetable remains. They were covered by sand or mud, which in time was itself covered by the water of the seas. Hydrocarbons are compounds of hydrogen and carbon which, at n ormal temperatures and pressures, may be gaseous, liquid or solid according to their mole cular complexity. The natural deposits are correspondingly gaseous, liquid or solid, dependi ng on the relative proportion of the various hydrocarbons present in mixture. Petroleum is composed largely of the remains of these tiny marine animals and plants that lived so lo ng ago. 在陆地和海洋的不同深处，有数百万年甚至数亿年前由于动物和植物残骸的分解而形成的碳氢化合物的积聚。它们被沙或泥覆盖着，而沙或泥很快就被海水覆盖了。碳氢化合物是氢和碳的化合物，在正常的温度和压力下，根据其分子复杂性，碳氢化合物可以是气态、液态或固态的。根据混合物中各种碳氢化合物的相对比例，天然沉积物相应地是气态、液态或固态的。石油主要由这些生活在很久以前的微小海洋动植物的残骸组成。 [3] Oil in one form or another has been used by humankind for many centuries to provid e light and heat. Until only a relatively short time ago, most o f this oil came from animal or vegetable sources. Olive oil, for example, was used in lamps and for cookin g in the anc ient civilizations bordering the Mediterranean. Many other kinds of oils have also been co mmercially important, including oil from sesame seeds or cottonseed and oil from whales. 人类用这种或那种形式的油来提供光和热已有许多世纪了。直到相对较短的时间以前，这些油大部分来自动物或蔬菜来源。例如，在地中海沿岸的古代文明中，橄榄油被用于灯具和烹饪。许多其他种类的油在商业上也很重要，包括芝麻油、棉籽油和鲸鱼油。 [4]Petroleum differs from other oils because it comes from a mineral source rather than any ani mai or vegetable source. In fact, the prefix "petr- in the word petroleum is derived from the Gre ek word for rock. When petroleum first went on the market, it was called rock oil to distinguish it from all the other kinds of oil. Since then modern technology has become such an enormous consumer of energy that petroleum is probably the most valuable single product in the world. I ndeed it is often called "black gold". 石油不同于其他石油，因为它来自矿物来源，而不是任何动物或植物来源。事实上，单词petroleum中的前缀“peter-”源自希腊单词rock。当石油首次进入市场时，它被称为岩石油，以区别于所有其他种类的石油。从那时起，现代技术已经成为巨大的能源消费国，石油可能是世界上最有价值的单一产品。实际上，它通常被称为“黑金”。 [5]Up until the industrial revolution, human beings did not use energy on anywhere near the same scale that we do nowadays. The machines of the ancient world ( which were few and
石化行业英语词汇
一：配管工程常用英语缩写 1 管子及管件 编号缩写中文名称英文名称 P 管子Pipe EL 弯头Elbow ELL 长半径弯头Long radius elbow ELS 短半径弯头Short radius elbow MEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰弯头）Mitre elbow REL 异径弯头Reducing elbow T 三通Tee LT 斜三通Lateral tee RT 异径三通Reducing tee R 异径管接头（大小头）Reducer CR 同心异径管接头（同心大小头）Concentric reducer ER 偏心异径管接头（偏心大小头）Eccentric reducer CPL 管箍Coupling FCPL 双头管箍Full coupling HCPL 单头管箍Half coupling RCPL 异径管箍Reducing coupling BU 内外螺纹接头Bushing UN 活接头Union HC 软管接头Hose coupler SE 翻边短节Stub end NIP 短节Pipe nipple or straight nipple SNIP 异径短节Swaged nipple CP 管帽（封头）Cap PL 管堵（丝堵）Plug BLK 盲板Blank SB 8字盲板Spectacle blind (blank) RP 补强板Reinforcing pad 2 法兰 编号缩写中文名称英文名称 PLG 法兰Flange WNF 对焊法兰Welding neck flange SOF 平焊法兰Slip-on flange SWF 承插焊法Socket-welding flange T 螺纹法兰Threaded flange LJ 松套法兰Lapped joint flange REDF 异径法兰Reducing flange BF 法兰盖（日法兰）Blind flange FSF 法兰密封面Flange scaling face FF 全平面Flat face RF 凸台面Raised face MFF 凹凸面Male and female face LF 凹面Female face LM 凸面Male face RJ 环连接面Ring joint face TG 榫槽面Tongue and groove face TF 榫面Tongue face GF 槽面Groove face 3 垫片 编号缩写中文名称英文名称 G 垫片Gasket NMG 非金属垫片Non-metallic gasket AG 石棉垫片Asbestos gasket RG 橡胶垫片Rubber gasket TEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片PTFE envelope gasket SMG 半金属垫片Semimetallic gasket MJG 金属包垫片Meta-jacket gasket SWG 缠绕式垫片Spiral wound gasket MG 金属垫片Metallic gasket FMG 金属平垫片Flat metallic gasket SMSG 齿形金属垫片Solid metal serrated gasket LER 透镜式金属环垫Lens ring gasket OCR 八角形金属Octagonal ring gasket OVR 椭圆形金属环垫Oval ring gakset IR/OR 内外定位环Inner ring and outer ring IR 内定位环Inner ring OR 外定位环Outer ring 4 坚固件 编号缩写中文名称英文名称 螺栓Bolt SB 螺柱Stud bolt NU 螺母Nut TB 花蓝螺母Turnbuckle WSR 垫圈Washer SWSR 弹簧垫圈Spring washer 5 阀门 编号缩写中文名称英文名称 GV 闸阀Gate valve GLV 截止阀Globe valve CHV 止回阀Check valve BUV 蝶阀Butterfly valve BAV 球阀Ball valve PV 旋塞阀Plug valve (cock) CV 调节阀Control valve SV 安全阀Safety valve RV 减压阀Pressure reducing valve ST 蒸汽疏水阀Steam trap PRV 泄压阀Pressur relief valve BV 呼吸阀Breather valve NV 针形阀Needle valve AV 角阀
石油化工管道术语英语
管道专业术语 2.1 配管 piping 按工艺流程、生产操作、施工、维修等要求进行的管道组装。 2.2 公称直径 nominal diameter 表征管子、管件、阀门等口径的名义内直径。 2.3 公称压力 nominal pressure 管子、管件、阀门等在规定温度下允许承受的以压力等级表示的工作压力。 2.4 工作压力 working pressure 管子、管件、阀门等在正常操作条件下承受的压力。 2.5 设计压力 design pressure 在正常操作过程中①,在相应设计温度下，管道可能承受的最高工作压力。2.6 强度试验压力 strength test pressure 管道强度试验的规定压力。 2.7 密封试验压力(严密性试验压力) seal test pressure 管道密封试验的规定压力。 2.8 工作温度 working temperature 管道在正常操作条件下的温度。 2.9 设计温度 design temperature 在正常操作过程中①，在相应设计压力下，管道可能承受的最高或最低温度。 2.10 适用介质 suitable medium 在正常操作条件下，适合于管道材料的介质。 3 管子与管道 3.1 管子 pipe 一般为长度远大于直径的圆筒体，是管道的主要组成部分。 3.2 管道(管路) piping (pipe line) 由管子、管件、阀门等连接成的，输送流体或传递流体压力的通道口。3.3 管道系统（管系） piping system 单独一组设计条件相互联系的管道。 3.4 管道组成件 piping components 连接或装配成管道系统的元件，包括管子、管件、法兰、阀门、支撑件以及补偿器等。 3.5 管子表号 pipe schedule number 工作压力与工作温度下的管子材料许用应力的比值乘以一个系数，并经圆整后的数值，是表征管子壁厚系列的代号。 3.6 无缝钢管 seamless steel pipe 钢坯经穿孔轧制或拉制成的管子，以及用浇注方法制成的管子。 3.7 有缝钢管 seamed steel pipe 由钢板、钢带等卷制，经焊接而成的管子。 3.7.1 电阻焊接钢管 electricresistancewelded steel pipe 具有纵向对接焊缝的钢管,利用管子的电阻热经加压将预
海院油气储运专业英语词汇表
海院油气储运专业英语词汇 * absorption n. 吸收 * accumulate vt. 积累，聚集access manway 人孔 * activated alumina 活性铝，铝钒土* active site 活性中心 adjacent a. 近邻的 * adsorbent n. &a. 吸附剂，吸附的* adsorber n. 吸附塔 * adsorption n. 吸附 * adsorption tower 吸附塔 * aerial cooler 空气冷却器 affinity n. 亲和力 afloat a. 漂浮的 * agitation n. 搅动 allow for 给…创造条件，允许 * aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝 * amine n. 胺 * ammonia n. 氨 * annular space 环形空间 * aromatics n. 芳烃 articulate v. 绞接，用活节连接asbestos n. 石棉 * ascend v. 上升，往上走 * asphalt n. 沥青 asphyxiation n. 窒息 * associated crude-oil stream （气井井流的）伴生原油 * atmospheric heat exchanger 空气换热器 * atmospheric distillation 常压蒸馏* atmospheric pressure 常压 * auxiliary process 辅助工艺atop 在…的顶上，在顶上 * back pressure 回压，背压 * baffle n. 挡板，折流板 * barrel n. 桶 * batching n. 批量 * batch treating 批量处理 bauxite n. 铝钒土 * bead n. 小珠；焊珠；焊道 * blockage n. 阻塞，堵塞 be designed for 打算用作，为…而设计* be referred to as 叫做，称为 * boiling point 沸点 bolted tank 螺栓罐 boost n. & v. 提高，增加 booster pump 增压泵 * bottoms塔底产品 * bottleneck n. 瓶颈；薄弱环节 * bring about 引起，产生 * Brownian movement 布朗运动 * bubble tray 泡罩塔盘 buckle v. 弯曲变形，变成起伏 不平 bulge v. 隆起，凸起 butterfly valve 蝶阀 * butylene n. 丁烯 bund v &n. 作堤；堤岸 * burner n. 燃烧器 burnout n. 烧毁，烧坏 * butane n. 丁烷 by virtue of 由于 * by-pass valve 旁通阀 * capillary n. &a. 毛细管（的） * capital n.& a. 资本（的） * carbon-carbon bond scission 碳碳键 断裂 cargo n. 船只 * carrier n. 载体 * catalyst/oil ratio催化剂/油比率 * catalytic cracking 催化裂化 categorize vt. 分类，把…归类 * calcium carbonate 碳酸钙 * carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 * catalyst n. 催化剂 * cavitation n. 气蚀 central dispatch office 中心调度室 * chamber n. 反应室 chem-electric treater 电化学处理器 * chemical injection pump 化学药剂 注入泵 * chloride n. 氯化物 * choke n. 节流件,油(气)嘴,堵塞 city utility 城市公用事业 cling v. 粘住，紧贴 coastal a. 海岸的 * coalescence n. 聚结，凝聚，合并 * coalescing baffle 聚结板 * coke n. 焦炭 * coke deposition积碳 * collision n. 碰撞 * cooling coil 冷却盘管 * compressor station 压气站 * continuous phase 连续相 * control valve 控制阀 * conversion n. 转化率 * convert v. 转化 * crack v. 裂化 cross-country pipeline 跨州管道 * crude oil 原油 * cut oil 含水油 * decomposition temperature 分解温度 * definition n. 定义 Deflector n. 导向，折流；导流片 deflector baffle 导流挡板 * dehydration n. 脱水，干燥 * dehydrator n. 脱水器 * delayed coking 延迟焦化 * desalt vt. 脱盐 * deasphalter n. 脱沥青 * desiccant n. &a.干燥剂；干燥的 desiccant bed 干燥剂床层 * DEG, diethylene glycol 二甘醇 * desulfurization n. 脱硫 * deteriorate v. 变坏，降低品质 * dew point 露点 * dew point depression 露点降 diaphragm n. 膜片，隔膜 * diesel fuel 柴油 * dilute v.& a. 稀释（的） * dilute solution 稀溶液 * diolefine n. 双烯化合物 * direct heater 加热炉 * discharge vt. 排出，释放 * discharge pressure 排出压力 * discontinuous phase 非连续相 * distillate n. 蒸馏 * distillation temperature 蒸馏温度
流行病学专业英语词汇
流行病学专业英语词汇 A 安慰剂Placebo 安慰剂效应placebo effects B 把握度study power 半试验semi-trial 保护率protective rate ，PR 报告偏倚reporting bias 暴露exposure 暴露标志exposure marker 暴露怀疑偏倚exposure suspicion bias 爆发调查outbreak survey 被动监测passive surveillance 比例研究proportional study 比值比Odds Ratio ，OR 必需病因necessary factor of cause 标点地图spot map 标化比例死亡比standardized proportional mortality ratio，SPMR 标化比值比standardized odds ratio，SOR 标化死亡比standardized mortality ratio，SMR 标准化standardization 标准化率比standardized rate ratio，SRR "冰山"现象ice-berg phenomenon 丙型肝炎hepatitis C，HC 并联试验parallel test 病毒性肝炎viral hepatitis 病例报告case report 病例-病例研究case-case study 病例调查case survey 病例对照研究case-control study 病例交叉设计case-crossover design 病例交叉研究case-crossover study 病例-系列研究case-series study 病死率fatality rate 病因causation of disease 病因的异质性etiological heterogeneity 病因分值etiologic fraction，EF 病因链chains of causation 病因网web of causation 不合格ineligibility 不依从noncompliance C 测量偏倚measurement bias
化工装置常用英语词汇对照
化工装置常用英语词汇对照 一概论 introduction 方案(建议书) proposal 可行性研究 feasibility study 方案设计concept design 工艺设计process design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 开工会议kick-off meeting 审核会议review meeting 外商投资foreign investment 中外合资joint venture 中外合营joint venture 补偿贸易compensation trade 合同合同附件 contract 卖方vendor 买方buyer 顾客client 承包商contractor 工程公司company 供应范围scope of supply
生产范围production scope 生产能力production capacity 项目project 界区battery limit 装置plant 公用工程utilities 工艺流程图 process flow diagram 工艺流程方块图process block diagram 管道及仪表流程图 piping and instrument drawing 物料及热量平衡图 mass & heat balance diagram 蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图 equipment layout 设备表equipment list 成品(产品) product(final product) 副产品by-product 原料raw-material 设计基础数据basic data for design 技术数据technical data 数据表data sheet 设计文件design document 设计规定design regulation 现场服务site service
油气储运专业英语
Unit one well fluids 井流 natural gas 天然气 hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢 free water 游离水，自由水 water vapor 水蒸气 end product 终端产品 field-processing method 现场处理法，现场加工法 rate of flow =flow rate流量 sales line 销售管线 flowing pressure 流动压力 operating pressure 操作压力 lease operating 矿场操作压力mechanical separation 机械分离 basic sediment 底部沉淀物 gathering system 收集系统 gas transmission company 输气公司 mist extractor 除雾器，捕雾气 relief valve 泄压阀，安全阀 safety head 安全头 liquid level 液位
control valve 控制阀 gas hydrates 气化水合物 freezing temperature 冰冻温度，凝固温度 anti-freeze agent 防冻剂 glycol dehydrator 甘醇脱水器 bubble cap 泡罩，泡帽 surge tank 缓冲罐 still column 蒸馏柱，蒸馏塔 heat exchanger 换热器 drying agent 干燥剂 molecular-sieve 分子筛 desiccant bed干燥剂床层 expansion refrigeration 膨胀制冷homogeneous mixture 匀质混合物pressure drop 压降 water-in-oil type 水包油型 reverse emulsion 反相乳状液 heater- actable加热处理器 electrostatic coalescer 静电聚结器chem-electric treater电化学处理器 free water knockout （FWKO）游离水分离
常用分析化学专业英语词汇
常用分析化学专业英语词汇absorbance 吸光度 absorbent 吸附剂 absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption peak 吸收峰absorptivity 吸收系数accident error 偶然误差accuracy 准确度 acid-base titration 酸碱滴定 acidic effective coefficient 酸效应系数acidic effective curve 酸效应曲线 acidity constant 酸度常数activity 活度 activity coefficient 活度系数 adsorption 吸附 adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂 affinity 亲和力aging 陈化 amorphous precipitate 无定形沉淀 amphiprotic solvent 两性溶剂 amphoteric substance 两性物质 amplification reaction 放大反应 analytical balance 分析天平 analytical chemistry 分析化学 analytical concentration 分析浓度 analytical reagent (AR) 分析试剂 apparent formation constant 表观形成常数 aqueous phase 水相argentimetry 银量法 ashing 灰化
atomic spectrum 原子光谱autoprotolysis constant 质子自递常数 auxochrome group 助色团back extraction 反萃取band spectrum 带状光谱bandwidth 带宽bathochromic shift 红移blank 空白 blocking of indicator 指示剂的封闭 bromometry 溴量法 buffer capacity 缓冲容量buffer solution 缓冲溶液burette 滴定管calconcarboxylic acid 钙指示剂 calibrated curve 校准曲线calibration 校准 catalyzed reaction 催化反应 cerimetry 铈量法charge balance 电荷平衡chelate 螯合物 chelate extraction 螯合物萃取 chemical analysis 化学分析chemical factor 化学因素chemically pure 化学纯chromatography 色谱法chromophoric group 发色团coefficient of variation 变异系数 color reagent 显色剂 color transition point 颜色转变点 colorimeter 比色计colorimetry 比色法 column chromatography 柱色谱 complementary color 互补色complex 络合物complexation 络合反应complexometry
化工常用英语词汇
化工专业英语词汇化学专业课程中英文对照 一、化工装置常用词汇 一概论introduction 方案(建议书) proposal 可行性研究feasibility study 方案设计concept design 工艺设计process design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 开工会议kick-off meeting 审核会议review meeting 外商投资foreign investment 中外合资joint venture 中外合营joint venture 补偿贸易compensation trade 合同合同附件contract 卖方vendor 买方buyer 顾客client 承包商contractor 工程公司company 供应范围scope of supply 生产范围production scope 生产能力production capacity 项目project 界区battery limit 装置plant
公用工程utilities 工艺流程图process flow diagram 工艺流程方块图process block diagram 管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument drawing 物料及热量平衡图mass & heat balance diagram 蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam & condensate balance diagram 设备布置图equipment layout 设备表equipment list 成品(产品) product(final product) 副产品by-product 原料raw-material 设计基础数据basic data for design 技术数据technical data 数据表data sheet 设计文件design document 设计规定design regulation 现场服务site service 项目变更project change 用户变更client change 消耗定额consumption quota 技术转让technical transfer 技术知识technical know-how technical knowledge 技术保证technical guarantee 咨询服务consultative services 技术服务technical services 工作地点location 施工现场construction field 报价quotation 标书bidding book
油气储运工程专业英语-复习资料
课程编号： 中国石油大学（北京）远程教育学院期末考试卷 《油气储运工程英语》复习资料答案 一、填空 1、______are solid compounds that form as crystals and resemble snow in appearance．考生答案：Hydrates 2、Natural gas with H2S or other sulfur______present is called “______gas 考生答案：compounds 3、Most oil and gas pipelines fall into one of three groups:______,______, or______. 考生答案：gathering trunk/transmission/distribution 4、All______tanks have a cover that floats on the surface of the liquid 考生答案：floating-roof 5、Natural gas______is highly dependent on weather. 考生答案：demand 6、Energy is supplied to the liquid through the pump by the pump’s driver-an______, a______, or an electric______. 考生答案：engine/urbine/motor 7、To form a stable emulsion of crude oil and______,an emulsifying______must be present. 考生答案：water/agent 8、Most pipelines are coated on the exterior to prevent______. 考生答案：corrosion 9、Natural gas with only CO2 is called “______gas”. 考生答案：sweet 10、The hydrocarbons contain only ______ and ______. 考生答案：carbon / hydrogen 11、Centrifugal pump consists of an______and a______. 考生答案：impeller/ casing 12、The distance between compressors varies, depending on the______of gas, the line______, and other factors.
常用分析化学专业英语词汇.
常用分析化学专业英语词汇absorbance 吸光度absorbent 吸附剂 absorption curve 吸收曲线absorption peak 吸收峰absorptivity 吸收系数accident error 偶然误差accuracy 准确度 acid-base titration 酸碱滴定acidic effective coefficient 酸效应系数 acidic effective curve 酸效应曲线 acidity constant 酸度常数activity 活度 activity coefficient 活度系数adsorption 吸附 adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂 affinity 亲和力 aging 陈化 amorphous precipitate 无定形沉淀 amphiprotic solvent 两性溶剂amphoteric substance 两性物质 amplification reaction 放大反应 analytical balance 分析天平analytical chemistry 分析化学analytical concentration 分析浓度 analytical reagent (AR) 分析试剂 apparent formation constant 表观形成常数 aqueous phase 水相argentimetry 银量法 ashing 灰化 atomic spectrum 原子光谱autoprotolysis constant 质子自递常数 auxochrome group 助色团back extraction 反萃取
中石油北京19春《油气储运工程专业英语》第三阶段在线作业
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.（2.5分）If the refinery is supplied by tanker, days of storage is recommended. A、30-32 B、32-35 C、6 D、16-18 正确答案： 2.（2.5分） Natural gas demand is highly dependent on . A、weather B、regulation C、production D、compressor 正确答案： 3.（2.5分） Because LNG must be stored at very low temperatures to maintain it in a liquid state, is one of the most important elements of LNG storage design?. A、temperature B、pressure C、insulation D、shape 正确答案： 4.（2.5分） For fixed-roof tank, which one is right？ A、For cone-roof tanks, they don’t have cylindrical shells. B、For cone-roof tanks, the top is made in the form of a shallow cone. C、Umbrella-roof tanks are usually constructed to diameters larger than 60ft. D、For umbrella-roof tanks, there are column supports that must be run to the bottom of the tank. 正确答案： 5.（2.5分）For floating-roof tanks, they have a cover that floats on the surface of the . A、liquid B、pipeline C、gas D、shell 正确答案： 6.（2.5分） The floating cover or roof is a disk structure that has sufficient to ensure that the roof will float under all expected conditions. A、weight B、diameter C、buoyancy D、pressure 正确答案： 7.（2.5分） Corrosion is usually the most severe at the . A、bottom