英美概况试题
英美概况模拟试题（一）
https://www.360docs.net/doc/c02835054.html, 2003-7-19 庄舍茶馆
一．单项选择题
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: (20 points)
1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first amendments to the Constitution.
a. ten B. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen
2. The President of the United States is head of the branch.
a. legislative
b. executive
c. judicial
d. party
3. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War.
a. George Washington
b. Abraham Lincoln
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. Franklin Roosevelt
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .
a. cultural revival
b. loss of purpose
c. development in science and technology
d. material success and spiritual frustration
5. It was who first called Native Americans “Indians”.
a. Lincoln
b. Columbus
c. Washington
d. Jefferson
6. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until
a. Great Depression
b. Pearl Harbor incident
c. the Japanese attack on China
d. the German attack on Poland
7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”, we are referring to .
a. the Colorado River b . the Ohio River
c. the Missouri River
d. the Mississippi River
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from .
a. France
b. Denmark
c. Ireland
d. Germany
9. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, .
a. First/1774
b. First /1776
c. Second/1774
d. Second/1776
10. The British recorded history begins with .
a. the arrival and settlement of Celts
b. the Norman Conquest
c. Roman invasion
d. Viking and Danish invasions
11. The predecessor of the English parliament is .
a. the Great council
b. the Witan
c. the House of Plantagenet
d. Magna Carta
12. Civil Rights Movement happened in .
a. the 1960s
b. the 1950s
c. the 1940s
d. the 1930s
13. The , the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.
a. Appalachians
b. Rockies
c. Blue Ridge Mountains
d. Great Smokies
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty, the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people.
a. coffee
b. spice
c. silk
d. tea
15. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .
a. the United States
b. South-east Asia
c. the EC
d. the Latin America
16. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.
a. 651
b. 1,200
c. 1,198
d. 763
17. Most Americans lived in .
a. city areas
b. countryside
c. mountain areas
d. river valleys
18. The British Parliament has a maximum duration of years.
a. four
b. six
c. eight
d. five
19. Of the five Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the United States,
is the only one entirely in the U. S.
a. Lake Huron
b. Lake Ontario
c. Lake Michigan
d. Lake Erie
20. The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great meeting in Birmingham in , with the aim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People’s Charter.
a. 1836
b. 1838
c. 1840
d. 1842
二．是非题
Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points) ( )1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world.
( ) 2. America is a name given by Columbus.
( ) 3. The United Kingdom is a federal, not a unitary state.
( ) 4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.
( ) 5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.
( ) 6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power.
( ) 7. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth.
( ) 8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.
( ) 9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution.
( ) 10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the workers’ struggle for liberation.
( ) 11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects.
( )12. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.
( ) 13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II broke out.
( ) 14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.
( ) 15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of England as a major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.
( ) 16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.
( ) 17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 1620. ( ) 18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.
( ) 19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister. ( ) 20. The Hundred Year’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.
三．名词解释
Explain the following terms in English: (20 points)
1. The Great Depression
2. Industrial Revolution
3. Melting Pot
4. Black Death
5. American Constitution
四．简答题
Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (10 points)
1. When was the Second War with England in American history?
2. What are the two major political parties in Britain?
3. What is the general climate in Britain?
4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair?
5. What is the most important river in Britain?
五．论述题
Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: (10 points)
Norman Conquest and its influence?
Key to Model 1
英美概况模拟试题（一）
一．
1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb
二．
1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT
三．
1．On October 24, 1929, the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression.
2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britain first began in the textile industry.
3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a “melting pot,” meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.
4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a result of the plague, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor.
5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introduced checks and balances into government for the first time in history.
四．
1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.
2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.
3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.
4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.
5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River.
五．
In 1066 the army of William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle ensure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established, England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture ere introduced.
英美概况模拟试题（二）
https://www.360docs.net/doc/c02835054.html, 2003-7-20 庄舍茶馆
一．单项选择题
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points )
1. Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called .
a. Progressivism
b. laissez faire
c. New Freedom
d. New Deal
2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941.
a. Great Depression
b. Pearl Harbor incident
c. the Japanese attack on China
d. the German attack on Poland
3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as .
a. Lord Protector
b. Lieutenant General
c. Commander of the New Model Army
d. President
4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain.
a. east
b. south
c. west
d. north
5. WASPs referred to .
a. the mainstream Americans
b. Hispanics
c. Asian-Americans
d. Blacks
6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended .
a. the immigration movement
b. the Civil War
c. the slave system
d. the industrialization
7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled one fourth of the world people and of the world’s land area.
a. one third
b. one fifth
c. one fourth
d. tow fifths
8. The Celt’s religion was .
a. Teutonic religion
b. Christianity
c. Druidism
d. Buddhism
9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.
a. the Archbishop of Canterbury
b. the barons
c. the church
d. the king
10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the .
a. the House of Lords
b. the House of Commons
c. the Privy Council
d. the Shadow Cabinet
11. The English Renaissance was largely .
a. religious
b. ideological
c. philosophical
d. literary
12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in .
a. hardware
b. textile
c. pottery
d. chemicals
13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in
.
a. 200B. C.
b. 55 B. C.
c. 55 A. D.
d. 410 A. D.
14. The Hundred Years’ War started in .
a. 1733
b. 1453
c. 1337
d. 1357
15. Civil Rights Movement happened in .
a. the 1960s
b. the 1950s
c. the 1940s
d. the 1930s
16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 in a speech to the joint session of Congress.
a. President Roosevelt
b. President Kennedy
c. General Marshall
d. President Truman
17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.
a. 651
b. 1,200
c. 1,198
d. 763
18. About half of the Britain’s t rade is with .
a. the United States
b. South-east Asia
c. the EC
d. the Latin America
19. The British recorded history begins with .
a. the arrival and settlement of Celts
b. the Norman Conquest
c. Roman invasion
d. Viking and Danish invasions
20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of
.
a. containment
b. neutrality
c. pro-Germany partiality
d. pro-Ally partiality
二．是非题
Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points ) ( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.
( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States.
( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, and on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.
( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the
establishment of the British Empire.
( ) 7. The word English means “the language that belongs to the Angles.”
( ) 8. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.
( ) 9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of 397 square kilometers.
( ) 10. Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston.
( ) 11. The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances. ( ) 12. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.
( ) 13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious
( ) 14. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
( ) 15. William, Duke of Normandy, founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as “Father of the British Navy.”
( ) 16. Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh people.
( ) 17. After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in 1979, she adopted a new program to cure the “British disease”.
( ) 18. America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian, but a new continent. As a result, the new continent was named after him and became known as America. ( ) 19. Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 14, 1776, a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States. ( ) 20. When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London, the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in 1782.
三．名词解释
Explain the following terms in English: (20 points)
1. The New Deal
2. counterculture movement
3. checks and balances
4. Constitutional monarchy
5. Emancipation Proclamation
四．简答题
Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. ( 10 points )
1. What is the longest river in Britain?
2. How long did the Wars of the Roses go on?
3. When did American Civil War break out?
4. What were the mainstream Americans called?
5. What does American Congress consist of?
五．论述题
Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: ( 10 points )
Cold War
Key to Model 2
英美概况模拟试题（二）
一．
1~5dbaca 6~10 cccdb 11~15 dbbca 16~20daccb
二．
1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFT
三．
1．It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possible collapse of the American economic and political system.
2．It was a movement of revolt in the 1960s against the moral values, the aesthetic standards, the personal behavior and the social relations of conventional society.
3．Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative, the executive and the judicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.
4．A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reigns, but does not rule. In English history, constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688.
5．On September 22, 1862 during American Civil War, Lincoln issued the famous document Emancipation Proclamation which would become effective on January 1, 1863. it provided that all the black slaves in the rebelling states were freed and they were welcome to join the armed forces of the Union.
四．
1. The longest river in Britain is Severn river.
2. The War of the Roses went on for 30 years.
3. American Civil War began in 1861.
4. The mainstream Americans are called WASPs.
5. American Congress consists of Senate and House of Representatives.
五．
Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States, relying on its large economic and military strength, tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism, represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts without bloody “hot war” between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.