高中英语语法分词

高中英语语法分词
高中英语语法分词

高中英语语法现在分词部分

-- (1)-ing分词的构成

1. -ing分词的构成

-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化,通常有下表几种形式(以do为例):

一般式doing 被动式being done 完成式having done 完成被动式having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如:

Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.

不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。

His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。

2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式:

-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如:

Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。

Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。

3. -ing分词的被动式:

-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如:The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。

He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. 他从来没谈起过他被记者采访的事情。

Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了。

注意:在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后,作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如:

Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。

This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。

4. -ing分词的语法作用

-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。

1)–ing分词(短语)作主语:

Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。

Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。

在下面两种结构中,-ing分词也作主语。

①为了保持句子平衡,通常用作形式主语,而把真实主语放在句末。如:

It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。

It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。

②在There is no结构中,通常用-ing分词。如:

There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。

There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。

2) -ing分词(短语)作表语:

His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票。

The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。

3) -ing分词作宾语:

①–ing分词作动词宾语。如:I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。

We enjoy attending Miss Li's class. 我们喜欢听李老师的课。

②-ing分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语,而用it作形式宾语。如:

I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place.我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。

Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗?

③-ing分词作介词宾语,经常用在一些短语的后面。如:

I'm against inviting him to dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭。

They don’t feel like walking that much.他们不喜欢走那么多路。

He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter. 他去了伦敦,希望能成为一个著名的画家。

此类短语还有很多。如:look forward to(渴望,盼望), be proud of(以……自豪), be responsible for(对……负责), insist on(坚持), think of(考虑,想到), dream of(梦想), object to(反对,抗议), hear of(听说), prevent…from(防止,阻止), keep…from(防止,阻止), stop…from(防止,阻止), be engaged in(从事于), depend on(依靠,依赖), thank…for (因……而道谢), excuse…for(因……而道歉), aim at(目的在于), devote…to(献身于), set about(着手做), be/get used to(习惯于), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), be tired of(对……厌烦), succeed in(成功地做……), be interested in(对……感兴趣), be ashamed of(对……感到羞愧)等等。

注意:在有些句子中,介词常可省去。如:

I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。

He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。

What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚?

另外,-ing分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语,在句中作状语。如:

He left ahead of time without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就提前离开了。

Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.

除了做饭和缝纫以外,她还要照顾四个孩子。

On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy. 听到这个消息后,所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。

4) -ing分词作定语:

①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如:

reading room 阅览室mming pool 游泳池dining car 餐车

sleeping car 卧车singing competition 歌咏比赛waiting room 候车室

a waiting car 一辆等待着的车 a sleeping child一个酣睡的孩子flying fish 飞鱼

the exciting news令人振奋的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出

②-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面,也相当于一个定语从句。如:

Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁?

They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。

③–ing分词还可以作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,常用逗号和句子其它部

分分开。如:

The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.

歌词一般讲当前的工作,大部分是他自己写的。

When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy. 当她出现的时候,约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去。

5) -ing分词做状语:

-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

①-ing分词短语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时可由连词when, while引出。如:

While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书,一边不时地点头。Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画,他想起了她的童年。

②-ing分词短语作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。如:

Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书送给他。

Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night.因为非常激动,那晚我们许多人都没睡着。

③–ing分词短语作结果状语。如:

His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。

She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.

她非常生气,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片。

④-ing分词作伴随状语,可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间,表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如:

They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星。

Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.

年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。

⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语,相当于一个状语从句。如:

A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.

一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。

Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。

注:-ing分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。

⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语,表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如:

His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移,他的头发变花白了。Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。

6) -ing分词作补语:

①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语,作宾语补语。如:

I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.

我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。

Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.

昨晚,店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。

②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态,这时,-ing分词可看成是主语补语。如:

We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间。

Jily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。

5. -ing分词的复合结构:

-ing分词的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing 分词构成,在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格,通常在句中作主语和宾语。如:His coming made us very happy. 他的到来使我们大家都很高。

He was awakened by someone’s knocking at the door.他被某人的敲门声吵醒了。

1. –ing分词作主语和表语时与不定式的区别:

-ing分词和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于:在表示比较抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing分词;在表示具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。如:

Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸烟)这里禁止吸烟。

It’s not good for you to smoke so much.(指你吸烟)吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。

My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。

My job is to teach you English this term. 我这一学期的工作是教你们英语。

2. 高中阶段能接-ing分词作宾语的常见动词:

mind(介意), suggest(建议), enjoy(欣赏,), admit(承认), appreciate(感激,欣赏), avoid (避免), delay(推迟), dislike(不喜欢,厌恶), escape(逃脱), finish(完成), forgive (宽恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(错过), practise(训练), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒险), deny(拒绝,否认), consider(考虑)等。

3. 有些动词既能接不定式,又能接-ing分词,含义有所不同。如:

①forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如:

Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗?

Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门。

②动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同。如:

I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。

Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗?

I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。

Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.

做完练习以后,我们继续学习下一单元的单词。

After a short rest, they went on working. 短暂地休息以后,他们又继续工作。

He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候,他停止了讲话。

While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候,他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。

注意:有时人们把stop后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。

③动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补语。如:

Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话。

We don’t permit smoking here.我们这儿不允许吸烟。

④动词need, require, want作“需要”解时,后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式。如:

The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。

These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.

这些小孩需要细心地照料。

⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing分词;如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式。如:

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you.我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。

I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。

I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。

⑥动词begin, start后面,如表示有意识地开始做某事,常用-ing分词,否则用不定式更多一些。如:

We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的。

They started talking about the film at once. 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影。

注:下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语:

a. 当start, begin本身用于进行时态时。

When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.

老师走进教室的时候,他正开始写信给他的父母亲。

b. 当start, begin后接表示心理活动的动词时。

Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.

一听到消息,他就开始考虑一个好办法来解决这个问题。

c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。

We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开,天开始下雨了。

4. -ing分词作表语的两种不同含义:

①-ing分词作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。如:

Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是盖房子。

The real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的问题是了解人民的需要。

②-ing分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。如:

This story is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。

The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。

①–ing分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。如:

reading material 阅读材料walking stick 手杖fishing pole 鱼杆

flying suit 飞行服writing table 写字台 listening practice 听力训练

②-ing分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。如:

developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家

a growing city = a city that is growing 发展着的城市

an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子

a touching story = a story that is touching 一个动人的故事

working people= people who are working 劳动人民

6. 不定式和-ing分词作宾语补语的区别:

在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后,既可用-ing分词构成复合宾语,也可用不定式构成复合宾语,两者之间有一定的区别。用-ing分词时,表示动作正在进行;用不定式时,表示动作发生了,即动作的全过程结束了。如:

Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲门你听见了吗?

Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你听见有人敲门了吗?

7. 高中阶段常见的带介词to的短语,后接-ing分词或名词。如:

admit to(承认), contribute to(捐助、贡献), get down to(着手做), give way to(让位于),keep to (坚持、遵守), lead to (导致),look forward to(期待), take to(从事), turn to (求助于), stick to(忠于、坚持), point to(指向、表明), see to (注意、处理), be used to (习惯于), devote oneself to (献身于), be equal to (胜任的、等于), be familiar to (为……熟悉).

高中阶段有一些固定的-ing分词短语,如generally speaking(一般来说), judging from…(根据……来判断), considering…(考虑到……), talking of…(谈到……,提到……), supposing…(假如……)等,它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这种短语可以被称之为句子的状语,也可当作一个插入语。如:

Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.

考虑到他是多么的穷,我们决定让他免费听音乐会。

选择填空:

1. The officers narrowly escaped ___________in the hot battle.

A. have killed

B. to kill

C. to be killed

D. being killed

2.___________ the letter, he went out to post it.

A. Writing

B. Being writing

C. Having written

D. Written

3. Don't you remember ___________ ?

A. seeing the man before

B. to see the man before

C. saw the man before

D. to have seen the man before

4. People couldn't help ___________ the foolish emperor in the procession.

A. laugh at

B. to laugh at

C. laughing at

D. laughing on

5. We're looking forward ___________ the photo exhibition.

A. to visiting

B. to visit

C. to having visited

D. visiting

6. The girl ___________ under that tree is my sister.

A. sitting

B. sits

C. is sitting

D. sat

7. This sentence needs ___________ .

A. a improvement

B. improve

C. improving

D. improved

8. ___________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual..

A. Not known

B. Known not

C. Knowing not

D. Not knowing

9. The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead.

A. lying

B. lie

C. lay

D. laying

10. There was terrible noise ___________ the sudden burst of light.

A. followed

B. following

C. to be followed

D. being followed

11. The secretary worked late into the night, ___________ a long speech for the president.

A. to prepare

B. preparing

C. prepared

D. was preparing

12. "Can't you read?" Mary said ___________ to the notice.

A. angrily pointing

B. and point angrily

C. angrily pointed

D. and angrily pointing

13. How about two of us ___________ a walk down the garden?

A. to take

B. take

C. taking

D. to be taking

14. ---I must apologize for ___________ahead of time. ---That's all right.

A. letting you not know

B. not letting you know

C. letting you know not

D. letting not you know

15. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ___________ that.

A. to do

B. to be doing

C. to have done

D. having done

16. Would you ___________ me your identification card, sir?

A. mind to show

B. mind showing

C. trouble to show

D. trouble showing

17. He suggested ___________ on Saturday.

A. to have a meeting

B. having a meeting

C. a meeting to have

D. that having a meeting

18. It is no good ___________ to come now. He is busy.

A. if you ask him

B. to ask him

C. asking him

D. that you ask him

19. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ___________ late for his lecture.

A. to have students

B. for students to be

C. for students' being

D. to students' being

20. He dressed himself quickly ,___________ his schoolbag , and went to school.

A. carried

B. to carry

C. carrying

D. carries

21. ___________ for several weeks, the city needed food.

A. As having flooded

B. being flooded

C. Having been flooded

D. To flood

22. ___________ ill worried my parents greatly.

A. I fell

B. Me falling

C. My falling

D. I falling

23. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, ___________ him to attend the meeting.

A. having invited

B. inviting

C. to invite

D. invited

24. Our town has dozens of factories, ___________several saw mills.

A. included

B. are including

C. are included

D. including

25. ___________ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.

A. To clean

B. Having cleaned

C. Cleaned

D. Cleaning

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1-5 D C A C D 6---10 A C D A B

11---15 B A C B D 16---20 B B C D C 21---25 C C B D B

(完整版)高中英语语法动词不定式和动名词做宾语

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imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续 例如:Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点,好吗 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 b. 有些结构后面能够用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如:

admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of be busy can't help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of burst out keep on insist on count on

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子邮件。 He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。 B. 动词-ing形式的完成式 动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作,这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年,她对这里已很熟悉。 I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲,我真的很遗憾。 注意: 在现代英语中,作宾语的-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。 I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲,我真的很遗憾。(=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.) We remembered seeing the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。(=We remembered having seen the film. ) C. 动词-ing形式的被动形式 动词的-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。 1.一般式的被动形式 The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。

高中英语动名词的用法(完美版)

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Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语,有时用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如:It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收) It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有:advise,avoid,delay,escape,excuse,enjoy,consider,finish,deny,fancy,keep,mind(在乎)postpone,pardon,practise,suggest,imagine等。 need,want,require后接动名词,表示被动意义。 如:Would you mind opening the door?请你把门打开好吗? Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport,I saw my mother standing in the

高中英语语法总结大全-动词

高中英语语法总结大全之动词 动词 1)表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2)根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。 说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如: We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。(having是实义动词。) He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 (has是助动词。) 3)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如: She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。) 4)根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)例如: She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。 说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。 5)根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:单字词(One-Word Verb)、短语动词(Phrasal Verb)、动词短语(Verbal Phrase)例如: The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。(contains是单字动词。)

(完整版)高中英语语法知识思维导图

什么是语法? +表语 +宾语 +间接宾语+直接宾语 +宾语+宾语补足语 to/-ing s not

一般现在时vs.一般过去时

一般将来时 将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的 动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经 常或者重复发生的动作,常与表示 将来的时间副词连用,例如:soon, next week, this afternoon, tomorrow We will graduate next year. 我们明年毕业。

进行时(1) (V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing)?

进行时(2)

完成时(1) Part1 完成时的句型构成 1-1 陈述句型:S+has/have+过去分词(p.p.) I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业) 1-2 否定句型:S+has/have+not+过去分词(p.p.) Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years.(珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。) 1-3 疑问句型:Has/Have+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?(过去3个月内,你看见过彼吗?) 2-1 陈述句型:S+had+过去分词(p.p.) This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it. (这个计划在艾伦完成以前,伊娃就已经提交出去了) 2-2 否定句型:S+had+not+过去分词(p.p.) I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前,我还没有完成工作。) 2-3 疑问句型:Had+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Had you ever been to a blind date before you married?(你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗?) 3-1 陈述句型:S+shall/will+have+过去分词(p.p.) They wll have finished the meeting by now. (他们现在应该已经开完会了) 3-2 否定句型:S+shall/will+have+not+过去分词(p.p.) We will have not made 10 apple pies by the end of today.(我们在今天结束之前不能做完10个苹果派。) 3-3 疑问句型: Shall/Will+ s+have+过去分词(p.p.)? Will they have already left by the time we get there?(我们到的时候,他们会不会已经离开了? )

(word完整版)高中英语语法全解-过去分词

第7章动词的过去分词形式 动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种,它具有动词的一些特点,同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能,在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。 一、动词的-ed形式的特征 A.动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成 动词的-ed形式只有一种形式,即传统语法中的过去分词。绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成,也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。 1.规则动词的-ed形式 limit→limited(限制) pretend→pretended(假装) escape→escaped(逃脱) provide→provided(提供) refer→referred(提交) drag→dragged(拖) pray→prayed(祈祷) supply→supplied(供应) 2.不规则动词的-ed形式 cast→cast(投掷) spread→spread(传播) bite→bitten(咬) forgive→forgiven(原谅) spit→spat(吐) wear→worn(穿) fight→fought(搏斗) lose→lost(丢失) 3.少数动词的-ed形式作定语时,读音与一般过去分词不同 learned a learned professor 一位知识渊博的教授 aged an aged man 老人 beloved his beloved computer 他心爱的计算机 B.动词的-ed形式的否定形式 动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去,他只好在外面等着。 Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 从未被邀请过去他的聚会,她很生气。 C.动词的-ed形式的特征 动词的-ed形式有被动的意思,有时也可表示完成的动作。 1.动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的-ed形式外,动词的-ed形式可带有完成的意义,有的同时也带有被动的意义。

高中英语语法大全动词的语态

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Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事闻所未闻。 3. 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组,基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。例如: It is said that…据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that…大家认为 It is suggested that…据建议 It i s taken granted that…被视为当然 It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remember that… 务必记住的是

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