2010-2011第二学年测量试题
化学反应工程试题
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
8．脉冲示踪法测定停留时间分布对应曲线为（ ）。
A. E(t)曲线 B. F(t)曲线 C. I(t)曲线 D. y(t)曲线
9．反应级数n=（ ）时微观流体和宏观流体具有相同的反应结果。
（Ａ）。
A. 溶蚀法 B. 热熔法 C. 沉淀法 D. 混合法
20、对于一级反应，催化剂颗粒的无因次西勒模数 值的大小反映了表
面反应速率与（Ｃ）之比。
A. 扩散速率 B. 外扩散速率 C. 内扩散速率 D. 实际反应速率
二、间答题(20分，每题5分) 1、气-固催化反应一般包括那些步骤？ 2、停留时间分布密度函数E(t)布函数F(t)的意义。 3、简述常用理想反应器的种类和特点。 4、简述表征催化剂颗粒特征的基本参数粒径的表示方法。 三、证明题(20分)
度和温度与其外表面上的相等时的反应速率之比。
A.外扩散速率 B. 实际反应速率 C. 内扩散速率 D. 表观反应速率
15、全混流反应器中有（ Ｂ）个稳定的定常态操作点。
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
16、全混流流动的E（t）曲线的无因次方差=（Ｃ ）。
A. 0
B. 0～1
C. 1 D. ＞1
17、脉冲示踪法测定停留时间分布对应曲线为（ Ａ ）。
。 (3分) 停留时间分布函数F（t）：在定常态下的连续稳定流动系统中，相对于 某瞬间t=0流入反应器内的流体，在出口流体中停留时间小于t的物料所 占的分率为F（t）。
。 （2分） ３、简述常用理想反应器的种类和特点。 答：常用的理想反应器有间歇反应器、平推流反应器和全混流反应器。 （1分）间歇反应器特点：①反应器中各处的物料温度、浓度都相同；
2010-2011-2B联考操作系统试卷及答案
2010-2011学年第2学期考试试题（B）卷课程名称《操作系统》任课教师签名出题教师签名审题教师签名考试方式（闭）卷适用专业计算机各专业考试时间（120 ）分钟第一部分基础部分（共65分）一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共30分）1. 以下________项功能不是操作系统具备的主要功能。
A．内存管理B．中断处理C．文档编辑D．CPU调度2.特权指令________执行。
A．只能在目态下B．只能在管态下C．在目态或管态下均能D．在目态或管态下均不能3.进程的动态、并发等特征是利用________表现出来的。
A．程序B．数据C．程序和数据D．进程控制块4.若当前进程因时间片用完而让出处理机时，该进程应转变为________状态。
A．就绪B．等待C．运行D．完成5.实时系统中的进程调度，通常采用________算法。
A．响应比高者优先B．短作业优先C．时间片轮转D．抢占式的优先数高者优先6.一种既有利于短小作业又兼顾到长作业的作业调度算法是________。
A．先来先服务B．轮转C．最高响应比优先D．均衡调度7. 下列算法可用于磁盘移臂调度的是_________。
A．LRU算法B．电梯调度算法C．时间片轮转法D．响应比高者优先算法8、若系统中有五个并发进程涉及某个相同的变量A，则变量A的相关临界区是由_________临界区构成。
A．2个B．3个C．4个D．5个9.使进程从运行状态切换到等待状态所用的进程控制原语是_______。
A．阻塞原语B．唤醒原语C．创建原语D．撤消原语10.在操作系统中，对信号量S的P原语操作定义中，使进程进入相应等待队列的条件是_______。
A．S>0 B．S=0 C．S<0 D．S≤011.对磁盘进行移臂调度的目的是为了缩短_______时间。
A．寻找B．延迟C．传送D．启动12.逻辑文件存放在到存储介质上时，采用的组织形式是与_______有关的。
A．逻辑文件结构B．存储介质特性C．主存储器管理方式D．分配外设方式13. 在可变分区存储管理中，最优适应分配算法要求对空闲区表项按______进行排列。
人教版试题试卷广宁中学2010-2011学年第二学期必修2第二章《基因和染色体的关系》的试卷
广宁中学2009-2010学年生物必修2第二章《基因和染色体的关系》测试题班别：姓名：2010-4-1 一、单项选择题（每小题4分，共56分）1．进行有性生殖的高等动物的三个生理过程如图所示，则①、②、③分别为 A．有丝分裂、减数分裂、受精作用B．有丝分裂、受精作用、减数分裂C．受精作用、减数分裂、有丝分裂D．减数分裂、受精作用、有丝分裂2．如图所示是甲、乙两个分裂的细胞（正常生物体为二倍体），下列有关叙述中不正确的是（）A．甲是减数分裂图像，乙是有丝分裂图像B．乙细胞所属动物的体细胞中有4条染色体C．甲细胞中，染色体、染色单体、DNA数目依次是2、4、4D．甲细胞的亲代细胞，其基因型一定是AaBb3.下列有关某生物体各细胞分裂示意图的叙述正确的是（）A．图①处于减数第一次分裂的中期，细胞内有2对姐妹染色单体B．图②处于减数第二次分裂的后期，细胞内有2对姐妹染色单体C．图③处于减数第二次分裂的中期，该生物体细胞中染色体数目恒定为8条D．四幅图可排序为①③②④，出现在该生物体精子（或卵细胞的形成过程中4.在人的下列每个细胞中，含性染色体的数目最多的是（）A．次级精母细胞分裂中期 B．白细胞 C．红细胞 D．卵细胞5.人类在正常情况下，精子形成过程中常染色体和性染色体数目和类型包含有（）①44+XY ②44+XX ③22+Y ④22+X ⑤44+YY⑥88+XXXX ⑦88+XXYY ⑧88+YYYYA．①和③ B．③和④ C．①②③④ D．①②③④⑤6.水稻的体细胞中有24条染色体，在一般正常情况下，它的初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞和精子中染色体数目，DNA分子含量，分别依次是（）A．24、12、12和24、12、12 B．24、24、12和24、12、12C．48、24、12和24、24、12 D．24、12、12和48、24、127.初级卵母细胞和次级卵母细胞在分裂时都会出现的现象是（）A.同源染色体分离B.着丝点分裂C.细胞质不均等分裂D.染色体复制8.决定配子中染色体组合多样性的因素包括（）A.染色体的复制和平均分配B.同源染色体的联会和非同源染色体的自由组合C.同源染色体的联会和互换D.非姐妹染色体的交叉互换和非同源染色体的自由组合9.有一对表现正常的夫妇，生了一个白化病的女儿。
2010-2011学年度高一第二学期期末考试试题(必修4-必修5)
2010 -2011 学年度第二学期高一级数学科期末考试试卷本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共10页，满分为150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B 铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，有2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
第一部分选择题(共50分)一．选择题（本大题共10小题. 每小题5分，共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.） 1. sin(300)-的值是（* ）A ．;21B ．;21-C ．;23-D ． ;23 2．已知(1,2),(2,1)a b x ==-，若b a ⊥，则=xA ．2B ．1C.21D.03．在直角坐标系中，若α与β的终边关于y 轴对称，则下列各式成立的是 A ．sin sin αβ= B ．cos cos αβ= C ．tan α= tan β D ．cot α= cot β4．在等差数列}{n a 中,1280a a +=,3460a a +=,那么=+65a a A.30 B.40 C.50 D.605．若a 、b 、c 为实数，则下列命题正确的是（* ）A.若a ＞b ，则ac 2＞bc 2B.若a ＜b ＜0，则a 2＞ab ＞b 2C.若a ＜b ＜0，则a 1＜b 1 D.若a ＜b ＜0，则a b ＞ba6．函数5cos(2)6y x π=+图象的一条对称轴方程是（* ）A ．;12x π=B ．;6x π=C ． 5;12x π=D ．;3π=x 7．函数sin(2)3y x π=-的单调递减区间是（* ）A ．2,;63k k k Z ππππ⎡⎤++∈⎢⎥⎣⎦ B ．5112,2;1212k k k Z ππππ⎡⎤++∈⎢⎥⎣⎦ C ．22,2;63k k k Z ππππ⎡⎤++∈⎢⎥⎣⎦ D ．511,;1212k k k Z ππππ⎡⎤++∈⎢⎥⎣⎦ 8．若a 、b 、c 成等比数列，则函数f (x )＝ax 2+bx +c 的图象与x 轴的交点个数是（* ） A ．2 B ．1 C ．0 D ．不确定9．若y x ,满足条件⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧≥≥≤-+≤-+10042052y x y x y x目标函数y x z -=2，则A ．25max =z B ．1max -=z C ． 2max =z D ．0min =z 10．设集合y x y x y x A --=1,,|),{(是三角形的三边长}，则A 所表示的平面区域（不含边界的阴影部分）是（* ）A B C D第二部分非选择题(共100分)二．填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.） 11．半径为a （0>a ）的圆中，6π弧度圆心角所对的弧长是_____* ______，长为a 2的弧所对的圆周角为______* ______弧度。
理论力学试题和答案
2010 ～2011 学年度第 二 学期《 理论力学 》试卷（A 卷）一、填空题（每小题 4 分，共 28 分）1、如图1.1所示结构,已知力F ，AC ＝BC ＝AD ＝a ，则CD 杆所受的力F CD ＝（ ），A 点约束反力F Ax =（ ）。
2、如图1.2 所示结构，,不计各构件自重，已知力偶矩M ，AC=CE=a ，A B ∥CD 。
则B 处的约束反力F B =（ ）；CD 杆所受的力F CD =（ ）。
E 1.1 1.23、如图1.3所示，已知杆OA L ，以匀角速度ω绕O 轴转动，如以滑块A 为动点，动系建立在BC 杆上，当BO 铅垂、BC 杆处于水平位置时，滑块A 的相对速度v r =（ ）；科氏加速度a C =（ ）。
4、平面机构在图1.4位置时， AB 杆水平而OA 杆铅直，轮B 在水平面上作纯滚动，已知速度v B ，OA 杆、AB 杆、轮B 的质量均为m 。
则杆AB 的动能T AB =（ ），轮B 的动能T B =（ ）。
1.3 1.45、如图1.5所示均质杆AB 长为L ,质量为m,其A 端用铰链支承,B 端用细绳悬挂。
当B 端细绳突然剪断瞬时, 杆AB 的角加速度 =（ ），当杆AB 转到与水平线成300角时，AB 杆的角速度的平方ω2=（ ）。
6、图1.6所示机构中,当曲柄OA 铅直向上时,BC 杆也铅直向上,且点B 和点O 在同一水平线上；已知OA=0.3m,BC=1m ，AB=1.2m,当曲柄OA具有角速度ω=10rad/s 时,则AB 杆的角速度ωAB =（ ）rad/s,BC 杆的角速度ωBC =（ ）rad/s 。
AB1.57、图1.7所示结构由平板1、平板2及CD 杆、EF 杆在C 、D 、E 、F 处铰接而成，在力偶M 的作用下，在图上画出固定铰支座A 、B 的约束反力F A 、F B 的作用线方位和箭头指向为（ ）（要求保留作图过程）。
1.7二、单项选择题（每小题 4 分，共28 分）1、如图2.1所示，四本相同的书，每本重均为P ，设书与书间的摩擦因数为0.1，书与手间的摩擦因数为0.25，欲将四本书一起抱起，则两侧手应加的压力至少大于（ ）。
2010——2011学年度(下) 七年级期中英语测试卷--A
第二学期七年级英语中考试题( A卷)出题范围：Units 1-6(时间：90分钟总分：100分)第一部分听力（10’）一：听第一段录音，写出出你所听到的动物序号A 老虎B 海豚C 考拉D 大象E 小狗F 长颈鹿G 熊猫1 ____________2 __________________3 ________________二：听录音选出正确答案4 Where is Sandra ?A：China B：France C：U.S.A. D：Canada5 What is Sandra doing ?A doing homeworkB playing basketballC having lunchD writing a letter6 How’s the weather in Shanghai ?A : cold B: hot and sunny C :snowing and windy D: hot and humid第二部分一、词汇：( 10’)1. She _____（总是）wears a T-shirt.2. The supermarket is on the ______（第五）Avenue.3. Koalas are from Australia. They eat l_________.4. John’s father works in a r_________. He is a cook.5. Look! My mum’s ______（躺）on the beach.6. If you are hungry you can buy something to eat in the s___________.7. He wants to go hiking when it’s ______（多云的）.8. Is there a ______ (银行) near here?.9. Mary is talking o______ the phone.10.There are many a______ in the zoo. I like pandas best.二、用所给词的适当形式填空（5’）1．It’s a beautiful, ______ day. (sun)2. Mary enjoys _______football games very much. (watch)3. Thanks for _____me so much help. (give)4. Lin Tao wants ________an actor when he grows up. (be)5. Look! The children ______happily over there. (play)三、单项选择（15’）( )1.Everyone ______him, because he is friendly.A. likeB. likesC. to likeD. liking( ) 2. --- What __________ he do? --- He __________ an actor.A. is, isB. does, doesC. does, isD. is, does( ) 3. --- What time does she get up? --- She ___________ up at 6:10 am.A. is gettingB. getsC. to getD. get( ) 4. -----What language does the woman speak?---She speaks ________ . She' s from Australia.A. JapaneseB. ChineseC. FrenchD. English( ) 5.--- ________ Mary cleaning her room? --- No, she is ________ .A. Does, readsB. Can, readC. Is, readingD. Does, reading ( ) 6. __________ does your aunt work? -------In a restaurant.A. WhatB. HowC. WhereD. Which( ) 7.Where _______ your pen pals_______ ?A. are, fromB. do, fromC. do, comeD. is , from( ) 8. --- ________ it going? --- Great!A. What’sB. How’sC. Why isD. Where’s( ) 9. People are really __________ on the beach in summer (夏季).A. relaxedB. relaxingC. relaxD. to relax( ) 10.Who are you _____? ----- My mother.A. waitB. waitingC. waiting forD. wait for( ) 11.-Let’s go to see the action movies. ---_________.A. Yes, we doB. No, we don’tC. That sounds excitingD. No, thanks. ( ) 12.Tony is busy _____his homework.A. doingB. doC. to doD. does( ) 13. I like the ____ the story. It’s fun.A beginB begin ofC beginningD beginning of( ) 14. She likes ______ to the movies with her friends and _____sports.A. going, playingB. go, playC. going , playD. going , plays ( ) 15. Welcome to Disneyland! It’s a good place _____ fun .A .havingB to haveC haveD has四、句型转换（10’）1. How' s the weather today?_______ the weather_____ today?2. There is a supermarket across from the park. ( 改为一般问句)第1页共8页第2页共8页________ __________ a supermarket across from the park?3. She often plays soccer after school. (用now改写句子)She __________ ____________ soccer now.4.My mother is working in a restaurant.(划线部分提问)________ your mother __________?5. I like koalas because they are very friendly. (就划线部分提问）_______ do you ______ koalas?五、情景交际（10’）B: Hi, Judy. 1 I miss(想念) you very much.A: I’m in Canada. I’m studying here now.B: That’s great! 2A: Not bad. How about you?B: Pretty good. 3A: It’s cold and humid. It’s snowing outside.B: Snowing? Wow. Chongqing is sunny and hot. 4A: You’re right! 5B: I’m talking to my good friend, Kelly!A: Oh, I see. Thank you.1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______( B )根据句意补全对话,每空一词。
20102011学年度全市高二年级质量监测考试_4
2010—2011学年度全市高二年级质量监测考试物理试题（二）参考答案及评分标准一．选择题：（每小题4分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，至少有一个是正确的，全部选对得4分，选对而不全得2分）1 C;2 C ;3 BCD;4 D; 5C ; 6 D ; 7 C . 8 ABD ; 9 B ; 10 D ; 11A ; 12 BC; 13A ; 14 B二．填空题：（每空2分，共10分）15．4 cm; 16. 120 r/min ; 17。
24m/s ; 18。
b ; 19。
A;三、简答、计算题：（20题10分，21、22题各12分，共34分）20答案：（1）。
由t=0时摆球位置是负的最大值，故开始时刻摆球在B 处。
（2分）（2）。
摆球位移为零的时刻摆球具有速度的最大值，其中位移由正变零的各时刻的速度方向与正方向相反，是“负最大”，故速度首次达负最大的时刻是0.6s 。
（2分）位置恰在O 点。
（2分）（3）。
位移值最大的时刻，加速度值也最大。
当位移为正向最大时，加速度的方向与正方向相反，是“负最大”。
故加速度首次达到负最大值时刻t=0.4s 。
（2分）摆球位置在C 点。
（2分）21解析：依题意画出如图所示的示意图，且AO 长为L ，因60AO O '∠=，所以tan 30BC O O L L '===。
（2分） 因为s i n 30s i n n r = ， 所以sin 301sin 2r n n == 。
（2分）sin tan cos h r CD h r r ==== 。
（4分）所以水底的影子长为BD DC BC =+=。
（4分） 22. （1）当波向左传时，实线波向左移动6厘米（1/4波长）而得到虚线波形，V 1=s/t=0.06/0.5 m ／s =0.12m ／s …（3分）; 波的周期T 1= λ/t=0.24/0.12s=2ｓ（3分）（2）当波向右传时，实线波向右移动18厘米（3/4波长）而得到虚线波形，V 2= s/t=0.18/0.50 m ／s=36 m ／s …（3分）; 波的周期T 2=λ/t=0.24/0.36s= 0.67ｓ…（3分）。
2010-2011第二学期期终(U2-5)
南京外国语学校2010—2011学年度第二学期期终初二年级英语试题（卷）命题人：朱海燕马春荣杨嘉易付翠审核人：连凯卷I 客观题（60分）I. Listening comprehension 10% (0.5 x20=10)Part AListen to the following dialogues and choose the right answers for the questions. You will hear each dialogue twice.1. A. Home. B. To the hospital. C. To school.2. A. It‟s her birthday. B. It‟s Mother‟s Day. C. His mother has no handbag.3. A. To a party. B. To France. C. To the museum.4. A. Planting trees. B. Visiting a park. C. Decorating a Christmas tree.5. A. Neighbors. B. Old classmates. C. Teacher and student.6. A. Monkeys. B. Dogs. C. Pandas, elephants and cats.7. A. $3. B. $33. C. $36.8. A. It‟s rainy. B. It‟s nice. C. It‟s cold.9. A. See a film. B. Have a meeting. C. Get ready for her talk.10. A. He reads books.B. It‟s easy to read a book in one morning.C. He can read a lot wh en he‟s interested.Part BListen to Dialogue 11 and choose the right answers for questions 11 to 13. You will hear the dialogue twice.11. What are they talking about?A.How to go to school.B.How to save the environment.C.How to recycle waste paper.12. How many ways did they talk about?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.13. What‟s the last way?A.Saving money.B.Riding a bike.ing a bag instead of plastic bags.Part CListen to Dialogue 12 and choose the right answers for questions 14 to 17. You will hear the dialogue twice.14. Why does the girl feel nervous before going to Switzerland?A.Because she will go alone.B.Because she has never been abroad.C.Because she doesn‟t know what she is supposed to do.15. What does the girl know about Switzerland?A.It‟s famou s for watches.B.The people are friendly.C.The food is delicious.16. What should the girl do if she goes to a party there?A.Be later.B.Be earlier.C.Be on time.17. What should the girl do if she visits a friend?A.Call first.B.Take a present with her.C.Ask other friends to go with her.Part DListen to the passage. Choose A for the right statement and choose B for the wrong one. You will hear it twice.18. Clouds in the move around all the time but never join up.19. The thunderclouds are like small white balls of cotton.20. Clouds in the sky are different in shape, size and color.II. Multiple choices. 20% (1 x20=20)21.Wang Fei is such a wonderful singer and ______________ people came to her concert to enjoy her beautiful songs last month.A. several thousandB. several thousandsC. thousandsD. thousand of22. The you work, the you will be.A. hardly; more successfulB. harder; more successfulC. hardly; more successfullyD. harder; more successfully23. Which of the following sentences is NOT correct?A. My father would rather drink a cup of coffee than go to the movies on a rainy morning.B. I prefer reading books to going to the movies in my free time.C. Jason likes playing football better than playing computer games.D. She prefers listening to jazz music to play the piano.24. My money , so I can‟t afford another expensive house.A. has used upB. uses upC. has been used upD. was using up25. I called Jim last night but no one answered it. He .A. would fall asleepB. must have fallen asleepC. can be sleepingD. may be asleep26. money have been spent on the improvement of the school buildings.A. A large amount ofB. A great deal ofC. A lot ofD. Huge amounts of27. this room Michael? No, it‟s .A. Is; belonged to; Mike‟s and Jack‟sB. Does; belong to; Mike‟s and Jack‟sC. Is; belonging to; Mike and Jack‟sD. Does; belong to; Mike and Jack‟s28. you have had playing football together!A. What great funB. What a great funC. How funD. How funny29. After the elbow, you‟ll feel tingling pain the fingers.A. striking on; onB. being struck on; inC. striking on; inD. being struck on; on30. in Paris for over ten years, he was familiarevery sight there.A. Stayed; withB. Having stayed; toC. After having stayed; toD. Having stayed; with31. The boy, that he ha d made a big mistake, came to teachers‟ office to ask forforgiveness (原谅).A. has knownB. knowingC. knewD. that had known32. A strong wind is by a difference in pressure. The movement of air causes thewind .A. causing; blowingB. causing; to blowC. caused; to blowD. caused; blowing33. Can you tell me the way you solved this problem?Which of the following is NOT correct?A. in whichB. thatC. /D. where34. In the past, pigeons were tools sending messages.A. used as; forB. used for; forC. used as; toD. used in; as35. -- What the people when the earthquake ?-- Well, the children were at school and the adults were at work.A. were, doing, was happeningB. did, do, happenedC. did, do, was happeningD. were, doing, happened36. The hunter felt to find his little son had shot the wolf .A. amazed; dyingB. amazing; dieC. amazing; diedD. amazed; dead37. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to our text?A. Warm air rises and creates areas of high pressure.B. The two kinds of elephants living in the world are African and Indian elephants.C. Sweat glands produce a mixture of water and waste chemicals.D. The funny bone has nothing to do with the humerus.38. Can you tell me the city ?A. which you enjoyed a visitB. where we enjoyed a visit toC. that you enjoyed visiting toD. which you enjoyed a visit to39. When you go shopping, please remember to buy a of lipstick,two of bread and a of cigarettes.A. bottle; packs; bagB. tube; loaves; packC. tube; bottles; packageD. bottle; books; set40. If you earlier, you the train yesterday morning.A. got up; would not missB. had got up; would not missC. got up; would not have missedD. had got up; would not have missedIII. Cloze test 15% (1x15=15)My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ___41___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn‟t know he ha d a problem when you saw him ___42___.Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___43___ their play, and Joey would jump and run and play, ___44___. We never told him that he probably wouldn‟t be ___45___ to run like the other children. So he didn‟t know.In ___46___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___47___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___48___. We didn‟t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn‟t know.He ran four to five miles every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___49___, so I went to___50___ him after school and wanted to stop him. I found him running ___51___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He ha d two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept___52___.Two weeks later, the names of the team ___53___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___54___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‟t do it … so he didn‟t know. He just ___55___ it.41. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid42. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk43. A. after B. before C. during D. till44. A. either B. too C. though D. yet45. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid46. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth47. A. so B. if C. then D. because48. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade49. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried50. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for51. A. lonely B. away C. almost D. already52. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running53. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers54. A. got B. kept C. made D. found55. A. made B. played C. had D. succeededIV. Reading comprehension 15% (1x15=15)ACan you remember any of the bad habits you used to have when you were very young? Perhaps, as a baby, you used to suck(吮吸) your thumb. Of course, you do not do that any more, but you can surely remember your mother‟s efforts to train you. The good habits you now have in such matters as personal cleanliness were part of this early training.We may not suck our thumbs any more, but as we get older, we get other bad habits. We can‟t give them up easily, either. (Anyone who has tried to give up smoking knows this very well!) Each period brings its own problems. In babyhood, it‟s thumb-sucking; in childhood, it‟s nail-biting; in our teens, it‟s smoking; in middle-age, it‟s over-eating, and so on. And if anyone tells you that he has no bad habits, you can be sure that he must have the worst habit of all.56. Generally speaking, a child likes ______.A. sucking thumbsB. biting nailsC. smokingD. eating too much57. According to the passage, now we have good habits such as personal cleanliness, for which webenefit from(受益于) _______.A. the social conditionsB. some strict rulesC. our friends‟ kind helpD. our mothers‟ early training58. At the end of the story the writer says "And if anyone tells you that he has no bad habits, you canbe sure that he must have the worst habit of all". Here what do you suppose the worst habit is?A. Reading.B. Playing.C. Walking.D. Lying.59. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. It is difficult to get rid of our bad habits.B. At different ages, people have different bad habits.C. Giving up smoking is as difficult as giving up other bad habits.D. Sucking thumbs is a young child‟s bad habit.BThe yearly Academy Awards ceremony was once a private affair. Now, because of television, it is very much a public affair. Hundreds of people gather in Hollywood to see the Oscars presented to outstanding(杰出的) actors, and others involved in the motion picture industry. Millions more watch on television.It all began on May 16, 1929, when 270 men and women sat down to dinner at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. There was no secret about the winners. The names of the winners had been known for months. Janet Gaynor, for example, had won as Best Actress. Douglas Fairbanks presented her with the famous gold statue. The little statue was not then called Oscar. Like a new actor, Oscar was unknown. About six years later, it somehow got that renowned name. A number of explanations have been offered for its origin, but nobody knows the true story for certain.Nowadays the results of the Oscar voting are kept secret. Only two people know the winners before the names are announced at the ceremony. The counting of votes is not done by one group of people but by different groups. Nobody except two members of an accounting(计票) company sees the final results.The information is not kept in open files. Winners‟ names are placed in closed envelopes. The accountants each carry a complete set of envelopes to the ceremony. One set is simply a spare to be used in case(万一) something happens to the other one.60. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word …renowned‟ means _______.A. strangeB. wonderfulC. much-dislikedD. famous61. May 16, 1929 marks _______.A. Douglas Fairbanks‟ first winning of an Academy AwardB. the first time Oscar got its nameC. the first time the Awards were kept secretD. Janet Gaynor‟s recognition as Best Actress62. Two sets of envelopes are prepared for the ceremony _______.A. one for New York, one for HollywoodB. in order to be perfectly safeC. one for the ceremony, one for the newspapersD. just because that is the customCBamboo is one of the nature‟s most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains(平原).Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables(绳索) that hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong.In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills(钻) can help to make the poor thirsty fields to be watered.63. How is bamboo like grass?A. It is thin and easy to cut.B. It grows everywhere.C. It grows quickly after it‟s cut short.D. It is short and green.64. The sentence “while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across.” means “some otherbamboo plants may grow to be very _______.”A. shortB. strongC. thickD. tall65. From the text we know ______.A. most people call bamboo plant treesB. a bamboo plant may grow 4.5 meters in three daysC. the bamboo plant changes its colors when it growsD. a bridge held by bamboo cable was built thousands of years ago66. Why did the engineers teach the poor farmers in Africa to make use of bamboo?A. Because it is cheap.B. Because it is colorful.C. Because it drills fast.D. Because it is used by Asians.67. Which of the following is NOT true?A. There are many different kinds of bamboo with different colors.B. Cables made of bamboo can last for over a thousand years.C. Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering projects(工程).D. Bamboo plants are able to grow well in any part of the world.DIn most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back.Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they can‟t stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: the muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swollen(充血红肿) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warrior‟s Wrist”.Other strange aches and pains are also likely to affect the elbows and shoulders.Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl, which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost consciousness(晕倒) and fell to the floor.Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency.68. Electronic games are found very popular with _______.A. people living in townsB. students studying in high schoolsC. girls working in their father‟s workshopsD. young people69. The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the writer _______.A. supports playing electronic gamesB. feels very sorry for the girlC. disagreed with young people‟s playing electronic gamesD. feels worried about young people‟s poor he alth70. From the passage we can know that playing electronic games is _______.A. enjoyable and helpful to the studyB. exciting but harmful to the health and studyC. interesting but harmless to the eyesD. amusing and pleasant卷II 主观题（60分）V. Vocabulary 20%A. Complete the sentences according to the first letters of the words given. 10%（0.5x20=10）1. Titanic crashed into an i______________ and then sank into the deep Atlantic.2. Doing scientific researches needs f___________ thinking, which means that we can‟t think infixed(固定的) ways.3. When facing the financial crisis(经济危机), all the employees thought of every possible way to helpthe company w_____________ the tough situation, which made the manager greatly pleased.4. He is such a s______________ person that he never listens to others‟ advice.5. There used to be many s______________ of animals on the island. Now most of them have died outbecause of the pollution.6. The position is very c______________ because only one person will be selected out of the 400 jobhunters.7. Summer vacation is a______________. What are you planning to do in the coming vacation?8. You can see yourself in the mirror because it r______________ light.9. I want to e______________ my holiday in Paris for another one week because there are so manyfantastic sights to see. Five days is not enough.10. If you want to be a polite person, you should be careful with your b______________ in public.11. A lot of people in the western part of the country are suffering from d______________. Neitheranimals nor people have enough water to drink.12. I‟m going to buy some nails and a saw from the h______________ store.13. His face r______________ disappointment when he heard the bad news.14. In 2014, young a______________ aged from 14 to 18 will take part in the Youth Olympics inNanjing.15. Try to avoid s_____________ exercise immediately after a meal. It‟s bad for your health.16. This ancient temple is l______________ on the top of the mountain and it attracts a great manytourists every year.17. After being surrounded by the enemy, the soldiers had to y______________ to them. Otherwise,they would be killed.18. Please r______________ him to bring the pictures to school; as you know, he is a forgetful person.19. This building will be c______________ in three months. After the construction is finished, we willmove into it.20. The archaeologists felt so surprised to see that the ancient works of art were preserved in suchgood c______________.B. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words. 5% (0.5x10=5)1.Every year, Yale University receives thousands of ___________ forms. These ___________ areall excellent students coming from all over the world. (apply)2.Her questions about my private life ____________ me a lot. Noticing it, she stopped asking me.But it is really an ____________ experience that I will never forget. (embarrass)3.All the characters in the book are ___________ and I can‟t even __________the ending of it.(imagine)4.They questioned the ____________ of the information in the file. They claim all the informationshould be kept ___________.(accurate)5. Nanjing was___________ by storms last night and the trees took a __________ in thestorm.(buffet)C. Choose the proper phrases from the box and complete the sentences with the right forms ofthem. 5% (1x5=5)1. This ancient building in the east corner of the city, attracting thousands of visitors every day.2. He the wisest man in the village and every villager shows respect to him.3. The top universities choose the students with creative and critical(批判的) thinking instead of those students only with high scores.4. the extremely hot weather, the farmers are still working hard in the fields.5. When night comes, all the streets neon lights in big cities.VI. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions and adverbs. 5% (0.5x10=5)1. In China many people think that graduating ____________ college is very easy.2. Monica wore a new dress to the party last night and she looked very pretty ____________it.3. Y ou can‟t make the machine work ____________ such a high temperature, otherwise it will stop working.4. At weekends, you can see a lot of people lining ____________ in front of the cinema to buy tickets.5. In this match, you can have the chance to pit your strength ____________ the professional football players.6. --When you are free, do you mind helping me ____________ the housework?--Of course not, and I‟m coming in a minute.7. This building is the most beautiful one ____________ seen.8. Flowers can grow here all year ____________ because the climate here is very mild.9. --Can you help me work ____________ the total of all these numbers?--Why not use a calculator? It will be much easier.10. Nearer the poles, the sun‟s rays strike the Earth ____________ a low angle and the heat is not sointense.VII. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verbs. 5% (0.5x10=5)1.--- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?--- Sorry. It ___________ (repair) now.2.This is the first time we___________ (see) a film in the cinema together.3.I was out of town at the time, so I did n‟t know exactly how it ___________(occur).4.--- What is the price of gas these days?---Oh, it ___________ (rise) sharply since last month.5.The staff were working till midnight even at weekends so that they ___________ (can finish) theirproject in time.6.Bill suggested ___________(hold) a meeting on what to do for the new project during thevacation.7.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ___________(leave) when he __________(arrive)at the party.8. On Christmas Day, children couldn‟t wait ___________(open) their presents which _________(give)by their parents. But they all believed that their presents were from Father Christmas who didn‟t exist in the world at all.VIII. Rewrite the sentences without changing their meanings. 5% (1x5=5)1. When Mr. Green was young, his father always made him work from morning till night.When Mr. Green was young, he _____________ always _____________ ____________ ______________ from morning till night by his father.2.As we didn‟t reach them on the phone, we sent an email, instead._____________ ______________ them on the phone, we sent an email, instead.3.The hall can hold at least 100 people.100 people can ______________ _____________ the hall.4.After a day and a night, the professor succeeded in working out the answer.After a day and a night, the professor _____________ ____________ work out the answer.5. You are not a politician, and I am not a politician, either.You are not a politician. ______________ ______________ I.IX. Translation. 10% (0.5x20=10)1.在得知经理也卷入这个案件以后，所有人都显得很震惊。
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3. 道路工程定测阶段测量工作的主要内容有（ BCD ）。
A放线测量 B中线测量 C纵断面测量 D横断面测量
6. 道路定测中，中平测量的任务是测算下列各点的高程（ BD ）。
A水准基点 B导线点 C中线点 D中线控制点
3. 若观测附合导线的左角，则导线角度闭合差分配的原则将余数凑整到测角的最小为分配到短边大角上去。
桥轴线：
简述题试简述经纬仪测绘地形图的方法和操作步骤。
用经纬仪视距法测绘地形，其一个测站上的工作有哪些？
答：在测站上安置好经纬仪后，量出仪器高，测定仪器的竖盘指标差，将水平度盘读数安置于零度，并照准另一控制点作为测
量水平角的起始方向。
旋转照准部，照准待测碎部点上的标尺，先读出水平度盘读数，然后使十字死的横丝对准标尺上的仪器
高处，读上下视距丝处读数，得出视距读数。
（答案斟酌）
何谓曲线主要点?如何推算其里程?
偏角法详细测设曲线，当偏角增加方向与平盘刻划方向一致时，称为正拨曲线。
偏角法详细测没曲线．当偏角增加方向与平盘刻划方向相反时，称为反拨曲线。
14.
6. 桥梁施工平面控制网的基本网形有（ ABD ）。
A．双三角形 B．大地四边形 C．菱形 D．双大地四边形简述桥梁施工平面控制网的典型网形式及适用情况。
双三角形，大地四边形，双大地四边形，三角形和四边形的混合
隧道洞外控制测量的作用在于（ B ）。
A．按必要精度测定各洞口控制桩间的相对位置
B．作为引测进洞和测定洞内中线的依据
C．将隧道中线与线路中线在平面位置上正确衔接
D．将隧道中线与线路中线在高程位置上正确衔接
解释名词
桥轴线长度桥梁工作线
桥轴线长度 : 桥轴线上两岸二控制桩之间的水平距离
桥梁工作线: 曲线桥上，梁中线随着线路中线的弯曲形成一条折线，称为曲线桥的桥梁工作线。
导线转角：相邻两直线之间的水平角
桥梁偏角：相邻梁跨工作线构成的偏角称为桥梁偏角
制定变形观测周期的依据是什么?如何制定变形观测的周期?
变形观测的周期随荷载的变化及变形速率而异。
在施工过程中，高层建筑物的变形观测，通常楼层加高1—2层，应观测一次，大坝的变形观测，则随着水位的高低，而确定观测周期；已经建成的建筑物，在初期，变形值大，周期宜短，当变形趋于稳定后，即可停止观测。
对于频临破坏的建筑物，或者是即将产生滑坡，崩塌的地面，其变形速率会逐渐加快，周期要逐渐缩短。
简述桥梁施工平面控制网的作用和特点。
桥梁平面控制网的目的是测定桥轴线长度和据以进行墩、台位置的放样，也可用于施工过程中的变形监测。
在布设平面控制网时，控制点应尽可能使桥的轴线作为三角网的一个边，对于控制点的要求，除了图形刚强外，还要求地质条件稳定，视野开阔，便于交会墩位。
什么叫正拨和反拨？
答：偏角值与度盘读数增加方向一致，则称为正拨
偏角值与度盘读数减少方向一致，则称为反拨
为什么要进行槽口放线，如何进行?
管沟开挖时的，其开挖深度是如何控制的?
在下图中（比例尺为1：2000），完成下列工作：
（1）在地形图上用圆括号内的符号绘出山顶（△），鞍部的最低点（×），山脊线(—〃—〃—)，山谷线(……)。
（2）B点高程是多少？AB水平距离是多少？
HB = 200.5m
（3）A、B两点间，B、C两点间是否通视？
AB不通视 BC通视
（4）由A选一条既短、坡度又不大于3℅的线路到B点
（5）绘AB断面图，平距比例尺为1：2000，高程比例尺为1：200。
填表计算（35分）。