任务型阅读

训练四1请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人最恰当的单词。

This year, about 2300 teenagers from all over the world will spend about 10 months in US homes. At the same time about 1300 American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and learn the rest of the world.Here is a 2-way student exchange in action. Fred ,19,spent last year in Germany with George’s family .In turn , George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in American.Fred ,a lively young man ,knew little German when he arrived. But after 2 months of studying ,the language become easy for him. School was completely different from what he had expected and it was much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took 14subjects instead of 6 that were usually taken in the US.Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was the law. All the activities were done with the family rather than individually. Fred found the food to be too simple at first. He also missed having a car.“Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out to have a good time. In Germany, you walk but you soon learn to like it.”At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his own ideas. “I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he says, ”It is far too easy for our level but I have to say that I like it a lot. In Germany, we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many activities . I think that maybe American schools are better than in training their citizens. There ough t to be some middle ground between the two.”请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人最恰当的单词。

The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of "rational accomplishment" and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public eventsand transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters.So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesn't allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see what's coming up. We may think we're giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes.Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. "Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street."More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress.3请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人最恰当的单词。

There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comfort of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation ,the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine .the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things .Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continuously dissatisfied .By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend (hurt) many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied .The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.Though in fact it is chiefly an act of imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrong doings. These should change this bad habit and be pleased with that is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.11. rise up/stand up2. teachers3. Family4. fathers5. subjects6. easy7.drive8.walk9.many 10.study21. Homes2. public3.connected4.indirectly5.books6.difference7. Content8. decided/ chosen9.adult 10. challenges31. Similarities2. convenience3. wealth4. opposite5. Analysis/ Opinions6. disagreeable7. Results8. politeness9. Tips/ Advice / Suggestions 10. worry。