《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案unit4
大学英语视听说2Unit4听力原文
Unit4Lead-in1.Both sides spend piles of money to produce cool ads, but in fact they will only cancel out each other's effort.Neither side will gain. Eventually, the large sums spent on advertising will be passed on to consumers. Sounds bad, doesn't it? But we have no alternative. If we allow ads for one product but forbid ads for another, this means unfair competition. As a result, one product will turn out to be successful, while the other is sure to havea poor market. Should we ban ads altogether? This seems fair to all manufacturers. But consumers will nothave enough information about products to make a choice. Worse still, they may not even know a new product has been turned out, let alone buy it. Perhaps we had better accept ads, but we can impose restrictions on them to protect consumers' interests. For example, an ad should not include an untruthful statement or exaggeration.Also, advertisers should not claim that their products are superior to others. Restrictions like these may partly compensate for the shortcomings of advertisements.2.It is certainly necessary for us to look at ads, for they provide valuable information on the function, quality andprice of a product. However, we should beware of ads that do not tell the truth. Comparing ads for similar products, we may become better informed and judge them more accurately. In addition to advertisements, we can depend on other consumers for information. A consumer has no personal interest in a product and therefore is likely to be more objective than the advertiser. Finally, our common sense can play a role in our choice of a commodity. To summarize, we can turn to various sources for help before we decide on an advertised product.3.Advertisements have negative social effects as well as economic effects. First, the posters and billboards canblock scenic views and ruin the environment. Second, people who cannot afford the advertised product may develop a sense of inferiority. Third, as often as not, ads encourage unnecessary buying. Fourth, ads usually portray young and beautiful people. Thus older, plain-looking people may feel as if they do not belong to the contemporary world. If you think carefully, you may find more disadvantages to advertising.4.On the whole, I do not think it is a good idea to imitate a movie star's clothes. Students should focus on theirstudies. In the case of students from disadvantaged families, they have no reason to add to the financial burden on their parents. A fashionable dress costs too much for their parents. If a student has done his work well and has plenty of money, then I have no objection to his wearing a film star's fashionable clothes. Wearing such clothes, some people may feel content and then concentrate on more useful pursuits.Listening InThe Influence of AdvertisingRichard: Dad, I need a pair of new shoes for an important basketball game. My old ones look kind of funny. Father: Funny! We just bought those last spring. There's a lot of life left in them.Richard: But look at this ad with Yao Ming. He says these shoes give him extra spring.Father: Yao Ming is so tall that he doesn't need extra spring. Anyway, he makes more money than I do. And they probably give him millions of dollars to wear those shoes.Richard: But if you bought me the shoes, I'd wear them for nothing. And I'd have that extra spring. Father: Do you think Yao Ming reached the top just because of the shoes he wears? Or was it something else? Richard: You mean like hard work, dedication, that sort of thing?Father: Exactly. Just focus on your studies and forget the shoes.I'll get a camera.One day just before closing time, John rushed into a TV store to buy a color TV set with the money he had savedfor three months. The friendly shop assistant was waiting for the day's last and 100th customer to reach his sales target for his bonus, so he warmly greeted John and showed him the various models on display. He asked John to see how sharp and colorful the image on the screen was. At that moment, a new commercial came onto the screen, introducing a popular brand of camera as well as some beautiful pictures it had taken. The camera and the pictures attracted John. He suddenly changed his mind and told the shop assistant: "Thank you for the TV commercial. Now I have to hurry to the camera store to get that camera."Don't even think about it!"Don't even think about it!" is a phrase commonly used in the United States when a person emphatically denies or refuses something.In 1995, Shaquille O'Neal, a popular basketball player, made a Pepsi commercial in which this phrase was used. The commercial begins with Shaq playing basketball, and a little kid is watching him. Then the boy cries out the name of this basketball star. Shaq turns to see the kid with a Pepsi in his hand. He walks over to the boy and says "Hey, can I have it?" He bends over, supposing that his admirer will give him the Pepsi. But then the kid says, "Don't even think about it!" This commercial was rather popular, and it had been shown on TV for about three years.The commercial seems to have a more dramatic effect than that produced by the Coca-Cola company in the 1970s. In the Coke ad a young boy meets football star "Mean" Joe Green as he is leaving the field after a game. The boy gives his hero a bottle of Coke, and in exchange for the drink, the football player throws his towel to the boy, who excitedly catches the souvenir.The phrase "Don't even think about it!" is used on many other occasions. Visitors to New York City are often amused to see a road sign with these words: "Don't even think about parking here." This road sign means that people are strictly prohibited from parking there.Ⅴ.Let’s talkJob Ad for a Friendly EmployeeA firm advertising for a "friendly" employee has been asked to change its wording because it discriminates against unfriendly people.Travelco, a travel agency, put in a request for a "friendly employee" to provide food for its staff. But the Job Center in Bristol told managing director Harry Smith that he would have to remove the word "friendly" before the advertisement could be accepted.Mr. Smith said he could not believe the decision and thought it was "ridiculous". He said: "We were told we could not use that particular word because it was discriminatory against people who looked unfriendly. We thought it was ridiculous. It's only too natural for us to specify what kind of people we want." He added, "The people at the center have since said they thought they had been a little over the top."The center had made it a rule that certain words were not allowed in ads and the words "motivated" and "enthusiastic" had been banned in the past.An official of the center said: "We do have guidelines of not using personality characteristics in advertisements to ensure that there is no discrimination in the process."She added: "We should leave the dispute to the local judges. They'll make the final decision. It's possible that a member of our staff has been over-enthusiastic in cutting out words in ads."Ⅵ.Further Listening and SpeakingTask1:Banning Cigarette AdsNancy: Hey, Robert, what do you think about cigarette ads?Robert: They're disgusting. Many countries have banned tobacco ads completely.Nancy: I heard in the States advertisers are not allowed to show young people smoking cigarettes, neither are ads targeted at youth allowed.Robert: But advertisers keep finding ways around the law. Some years ago one cigarette ad showed a deer smoking, but it was dressed in a university sweater. Obviously the ad is trying to attract young people. Nancy: In order to increase sales, they have to make smoking appealing to young people. Make them think it's cool.Robert: Right. Cigarette manufacturers need to keep bringing in new customers. The old ones are dying of lung cancer.Nancy: Good point. Our Student Union should do some publicity against smoking on campus.Robert: I couldn't agree more.Task2:A Radio CommercialAre you looking for appliances or furniture to give new life to your home?Look no further! Here at Frontier Furniture, we have everything you need to give your home a new look and feel.Stereos, video machines, refrigerators, dining tables, washers and dryers. You name it; we have it! Low on cash? We have an easy rent-to-own plan that will put you on your favorite sofa tonight. Big color TVs cost only two hundred and twenty-five dollars; digital pianos starting at three ninety-nine ($399); king size beds from two hundred and fifty dollars. Free delivery on all major appliances.So come on down to Frontier Furniture. Located downtown two blocks east of city hall, across from Union Square. We're open daily from 10:00 AM to 9:30 PM. So, come on in, and let us make your dream home a reality.Task3:An Introduction to AdvertisingAdvertising has become increasingly specialized in modern times. In today's business world, supply usually outnumbers demand. There is great competition among different manufacturers of the same kind of product to attract customers to their product. They always have to remind the consumer of the name and the qualities of their product. They do this by advertising. The manufacturers advertise in the newspapers and on posters. They sometimes pay for songs about their products in commercial radio programs. They employ attractive salesgirls to distribute samples. They organize competitions, with prizes for the winners. They often advertise on the screens of local cinemas. Most important of all, in countries that have television, they have advertisements put into programs that will accept them. Manufacturers often spend large sums of money on advertisements. Sometimes they even spend more on ads than on the products themselves. We buy a particular product because we think it is the best. We usually think so because of the advertisements that say so. Some people never pause to ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth.。
【优质】现代大学英语听力2 原文及答案全
【原文】
Oliver Twist had no parents and lived in the workhouse.
"Good morning!" said the stranger.
"Good morning!" said Mark Twain. "Nice weather we're having!"
"Very nice indeed," said the stranger. "How was fishing?"
Task 2
【答案】
A.1) F 2) F 3) T
B.
1) d 2) b
【原文】
Mark Twain was a famous American writer. There were many stories about him. One day MarkTwain was fishing. A stranger came along.
But the Greek ships did not sail far. The Greeks stopped at a place near Troy, where the Trojanscould not see them, and hid their ships. At first the Trojans wanted to burn the wooden horse, but aGreek prisoner said, "Don't bum the horse. Bring it into Troy. It will help you."
现代大学英语听力2 原文及答案教学教材
现代大学英语听力2原文及答案Unit 1Task 1【答案】A.1) She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral.2) She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.3) They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers.4) Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform.5) No, he didn’t.6) He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion.B.If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!【原文】Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of London. She wanted to see St. Paul's Cathedral. She was surprised to see so many Englishmen who looked alike. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats. They were all carrying umbrellas and newspapers. When she returned home she asked Mr clark about these strange creatures. "They must be typical English gentlemen," she said." I have often read about them and seen photographs of them. They all look as if they are wearing a uniform. Does the typical English gentleman still exist?"Mr. Clark laughed. "I've never thought about it," he answered." It's true that many of the men who work in the City of London still wear bowler hate and I suppose they are typical Englishmen. But look at this." Mr. Clark picked up a magazine and pointed at a photo of a young man. "He's just as typical, perhaps. It seems as if there is no such thing as a 'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English saying 'It takes all kinds to make a world'? That's true of all countries-including England."“Oh, just like the poem ‘If All the Seas Were One Sea’,” Gretel began to hum happily. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If all the trees were one tree, what a great tree that would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, w hat a great splash that would be!”Task 2【答案】A.1) people were much busier2) colder than England; minus thirty degrees; last longer3) much more mountainous; much higher and much more rocky; more beautiful4) tend to be more crowded5) the houses; smallerB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F【原文】John is British but has worked in Japan. Etsuko is Japanese from Osaka, but she is studying in Britain. In the following passage you are going to hear, they are comparing life as they see it in the two countries. But before listening to it, think of the two countries and try to answer the following pre-listening questions.John: I found that living in Japan, people were busier. They seem to work the whole day.Etsuko: Yes, that’s right. We work from Monday through Saturday, even in summer. You know, summer in Japan is jus t horrible. It’s very, very humid and hot, and you need to shower three times a day.John: So you find it cooler in England?Etsuko: Yes, that’s right.John: Where I was living in Japan, in the North, it was much colder than England, especially in winter, minus thirty degrees centigrade. Does the winter in Osaka last longer than the winter in England?Etsuko: No, I don’t think so. December, January, February, March.John: Yes. It’s a little bit shorter if anything.Etsuko: Ever since I came here, I noticed that the countryside here in England is very beautiful.John: It’s much flatter than in Japan.Etsuko: Yes. Japan is a mountainous country and our cities are full of people. There are lots of people in a limited flat area.John: Yes, I found Japan much more mountainous than Britain, especially in the north. The mountains are much higher and much more rocky. I found it more beautiful than Britain, I think.Etsuko: Yes, if you like mountains.John: And therefore the towns and villages tend to be more crowded.Etsuko: Yes, that’s right.John: Yes. So because the cities are more crowded, the houses tend to be smaller, don’t they?Etsuko: Yes, they are very compact, and we don’t have a lot of space. In big cities we have a lot of taller buildings now.John: Is this a problem because there are more earthquakes in Japan?Etsuko: Yes, that’s right and…Task 3【答案】A.1) In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves; they don’t invite other people to watch them.2)Usually eight people dance together.3)Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each side ofthe square.4) He usually makes it into a song.5) They wear old-fashioned clothes.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) TC.1) eight people form a square; on each side of the square2) what they should do; makes it into a song; sings it3) don’t have much time to think4) old-fashioned clothes【原文】Rosa: Why don’t you have folk dances in the United States? Most countries have special dances that the people have done for many years. The dancers wearclothes from the old days. Everyone likes to watch them dance.Steve: We have folk dances, too. A lot of people belong to folk dancing groups. But when they dance, they usually do it just to enjoy themselves. They don’tinvite other people to watch them.Rosa: Is there a folk dancing group here?Steve: I think so. There must be. There’s one in almost every city, and some big cities have several.Rosa: What are the dances like?Steve: Usually eight people dance together, four men and four women. When they start, they form a square, with a man and a woman on each side of thesquare. That’s why it’s called square dancing.Then there’s a man who tellsthe dancers what they should do. He usually makes it into a song. He singsit while they dance.Rosa: Oh, that should make the dances easy!Steve: Yes, but they are very fast. They don’t have much time to think. I like to watch them, though. The dancers wear old-fashioned clothes. That makesthe dances pretty to watch.Rosa: I’d like to watch a g roup dance.Steve: I’ll take you sometime.Task 4【答案】1) It was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) They burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.3) The custom said the brides must wear “something old, something new, somethingborrowed, and something blue” to bring good luck.4)Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they triedto use up these things before Lent began.5)It was a straw man made by children in Czech; it was a figure of death.6)People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into thechurch people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.【原文】1) On the evening of February 3rd, people in Japanese families took one dried bean for each year of their age and threw the beans on the floor, shouting "Good luck in! Evil spirits out!" This was known as "Setsubun", a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) Before the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old days, many Chinese families burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck. When Lunar New Year's Day came, they put ancw picture of the kitchen god on the wall.3) When American women got married, they sometimes followed an old custom in choosing what to wear on their wedding day. The custom said the bride must wear "something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue". This was to bring good luck.4) Before Lent (a time on the Christian calendar), the people of Ponti, Italy ate an omelet made with 1,000 eggs. People could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they tried to use up these things before Lent began.5) When winter ended in Czech, the children made a straw man called "Smrt", which was a figure of death. They burned it or threw it in the river. After they destroyed it, they carried flowers home to show the arrival of spring.6) January 17th was St. Anthony's Day in Mexico. It was a day when people brought their animals to church. But before the animals went into the church, the people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons. This ceremony was to protect people's animals.Task 5【答案】A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T【原文】Man: Well, I think life used to be much more fun than it is now. I mean, look at the Victorians. They had lots of servants to do all the work; they never had to doany cooking or cleaning; they just wore those beautiful dresses and went totea parties.Woman: You must be joking! Their clothes were terribly uncomfortable and their tea parties were very formal and boring. They used to wear their hats and longgloves even when they were eating cakes and biscuits. And men were notusually invited.Man: Really? Weren't they?Woman: And think of the poor servants. What a terrible life — just cleaning and cooking for other people all the time!Man: But you hate housework!Woman: Yes, I know, but there are lots of machines now to help you with the housework. People don't need servants.Man: Maybe they don't, but life then was much slower than it is now-people nowadays are always rushing, and they never have time to stop and enjoythemselves.Woman: Life then was fine for the rich, but it was dreadful for the poor. There was much more illness. They didn't have the money to pay doctors, and they oftenused to die of illnesses that don't exist in England now.Man: Maybe. But people used to talk to each other, play the piano or play cards together. Nowadays people just sit in front of the television for hours andnever talk to each other.Woman: I agree with you about television; but what about their children? They left their Children with the servants all day. Children hardly ever saw theirparents! And the clothes they had to wear! Horrible, tight, uncomfortable,grown-up clothes. Children have a much better life now than they used to,and schools and education are much better too.Man: I hate school.Woman: And look at opportunities for women. In those days, women used to stay at home, play the piano, change their clothes several times a day and have teaparties. What a life! They didn't have any freedom at all. I'm very happyliving now. I can work, have a career, do what I want to.Man: You mean you can work hard all your life like a Victorian servant. Woman: Life isn't all tea parties, you know.Task 6【答案】A.1) b 2) a 3) c 4) aB.1) family unit; process; change; used to be; the extended; the nuclear2) job patterns; progressed; agricultural; industrial; forced; job opportunities; split up3) traditional; family; expanded; other living arrangementsC.1) mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby2)only the parents and the children3)previously married men and women marry again and combine the children fromformer marriages into a new family【原文】The American family unit is in the process of change. There used to be mainly two types offamilies: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family most often included mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as job patterns changed and the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people were forced to move to different parts of the country for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family became more prevalent; this consisted of only the parents and the children. Now besides these two types of traditional groupings, the word "family" is being expanded to include a variety of other living arrangements.Today's family can be made up of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there is an increase in single parent homes: a father or mother living with one or more children. "Blended families" occur when previously married men and women marry again and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, some couples are deciding not to have any children at all, so there is an increase in childless families. There are also more people who live alone: single, widowed, divorced. Now one in five Americans lives alone.Task 7【答案】A.B.1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) c 7) c【原文】In Japan both men and women go to university and both men and women study the arts such as history or English. But very few women study science, medicine or engineering. In engineering classes of thirty or forty students, there may be only one or two women. Men and women both go to university in order to get good jobs: men want to work for a big company, be successful, earn a lot of money and support a family; women, on the other hand, want to work for a big company because they have a better chance of meeting a successful man and getting married. This is changing, however, as Japanese women begin to think about their own careers. They have began to take jobs which they like rather than jobs in order to find a husband.Men work for their whole lives and usually stay with the same company. A woman may work up to ten years, but after that she usually gets married. Most women are married by the age of twenty seven, then they stay at home and look after the children.A man does not cook or look after the children. When he comes home, his meal must be ready. The woman may go out in the afternoon, shopping with her friends or having a chat, but she must go back home by four o'clock to prepare the meal. Then she may have to wait a long time for her husband to come home. Often he has to go out for a drink after work: if he doesn't he may not rise very high in the company. After her children grow up, a woman can go back to work, but it is not easy. If her former company takes older women back, she might be lucky. But most women find it difficult to find a job when they are older.Task 8【答案】A.1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) bB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) T 10) F【原文】Matthew: Geth, how do people set about getting married in England?Geth: I suppose the most common way is still for people to go home. For example, people who live in London now will go back to their homes in the provinceswhere they'll meet all their relatives and their parents, and they'll getmarried in a church, with the bride wearing white, the traditional white.Then they'll go off and have a booze-up with their relatives and friends anda jolly good time will be had by all. Otherwise you can get married in aregistry office, which means you turn up with your bride-to-be orbridegroom-to-be with two witnesses only. The ceremony takes about fiveminutes, I suppose. You sign the form and that's it.Matthew: There are many today who say that marriage is a complete waste of time.What's your view of marriage in the twentieth century?Goth: Well, I live in London as you know. I think in London, the tendency is to...for a... boy and girl, man or woman to live together before marriage andoften to live together without any prospect of marriage at all. I think thisprobably is... is true of London and the other big cities than elsewhere,because after all people in London are living in a big place where home tiesare obviously less restrictive. They can do more or less as they please and Ithink this is the pattern.Matthew: But do you think it helps for people to live together before taking their vows?Geth: I think in a sense the habit of living together before marriage may, in a strange sort of way, make marriage stronger, because after all the people will knoweach other better when they do get married and it might be suggested thatdivorce would be less likely between such a couple.Matthew: Sue, you've been married for two or three years now. How's it working out? Sue: I think it's a successful marriage. It's... I mean, it's difficult to say why, because we basically suit each other very much. We have a good friendship,apart from anything else, and, you know, we just go together very wellbecause we respect each other's freedom and individuality, but on the otherhand we really need each other, you know, it's...Matthew: What about.., have you thought of having children?Sue: Well, obviously, like most young couples, we have thought about it, but, you know, we both feel rather, sort of, loath to lose our freedom just yet. I thinkwe'll probably wait another few years.Matthew: Is it easy in England today to people to get divorced, or is that quite difficult?Chris: I think technically it's probably fairly easy, I think, because I'm not English but, I think technically it's fairly easy to be... to get divorced. But it's not justthe technicality of it which is the problem. Divorce is... is a social stigmawhich people can probably Cope with to varying degrees, but it's also a loteasier for the man because the woman, after she is divorced is, in fact,frowned upon by... by a lot of people in society. She is... is... at a... a muchmore difficult social position in terms of... of meeting other men, or whatever, simply because she is a divorcee.Task 9【原文】Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in the room.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable — especially if they are your guests. There is a story about a rich nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.Unit 2Task 1【答案】1) b 2) a 3) d【原文】Texas was the biggest state before Alaska became the forty-ninth state in 1959. One good way to understand the size of Texas is to learn about its weather. Different parts of the state have very different kinds of weather.Laredo is one of the hottest cities in the United States in summer. The best time to visit Laredo is in winter, when it is pleasantly warm.Amarillo gets very cold in winter. Sometimes there is more snow in Amarillo than in New York, which is a northern city. Summers are better, but sometimes it gets quite hot. The best time to visit Amarillo is in the autumn when it is cool.If anyone asks you about the weather in Texas, ask him, “What p art of Texas do you mean？”Task 2【答案】A.1)T 2) F 3) FB.1) d 2) c 3) cC.climate, reputation, extraordinary, unreliable, dry, wet, clear, dull, hot, cold, bad, mild 【原文】Our friend, Nick, whose English gets better and better, declared solemnly the other day that he thought that the British climate was wonderful, but the British weather was terrible. He went on to explain by pointing out that the British climate was a temperate one. This meant, he said, "that you could always be certain that the weather would never be extreme — at any rate not for any length of time — never very hot and never very cold." He quite rightly pointed out that the rainfall in Britain, according to the statistics, was not very heavy. "Why then," he asked, "has the British climate such a bad reputation?" He answered by saying it was because of the extraordinary, unreliable weather. There was no part of the year at which you could be certain that the weather would be dry or wet, clear or dull, hot or cold. A bad day in July could be as cold as a mild day in January. Indeed you could feel cold at almost any time of the year. Nick blamed drafty British houses for this, but agreed you could also blame the small amount of sunshine and a great amount of dampness. He advised every student coming to Britain to bring an umbrella and to understand the meaning of that splendid word "drizzle".Task 3【答案】I.the country; Trees, grass, lakes and steamsII.A.1. concrete, iron, steel2. take in the heat during the day and throw off heat into the air at nightB. Warmer winters, car engines; electrical applianceⅢ.A. air pollution may stop sunlight from reaching the earthB.1. Ice near the North and South poles to melt2. to be slowly flooded and people living in these cities to move to higher land【原文】Cities change the climate around you. In the country, there are trees, grass, lakes, and streams. In hot weather, the trees and grass cool the area around them. Lakes and rivers also cool the area around them.But cities are not cooled in these natural ways. Cities are built of asphalt, concrete, iron, andsteel. There are few trees and usually not much grass. Rain falls onto the streets and into the sewers.When the summer sun shines, streets and buildings take in the heat; after the sun sets, the streets and buildings throw off heat into the street. Once the sun sets, the countryside cools off, but a city may stay hot all night.Cities are hotter than the countryside in winter, too. Standing near a car with its motor running, winter or summer, you will feel the heat thrown off by the engine. The heat comes from the gasoline burned by the engine. This heat warms the air and the ground around the car. Thousands of running cars are almost like thousands of small fires burning.Carefully put your hand near a light bulb or television set. As you can see, electricity creates a lot of heat. This heat from electricity warms the house and the outside air.The heat given off by cities can affect the climate. Some experts even believe that cities can change the climate of the whole world. They think that air pollution may stop sunlight from reaching the earth. If less sunshine reaches the earth, the earth may become cooler.Still other experts think the world will get warmer. If the world did get warmer, great changes would occur. Ice near the North and South poles would melt. This would make the oceans rise. Cities near oceans — like Los Angeles, Boston, and Miami — would slowly be flooded. People living in these cities would have to move to higher land.Task 4【答案】A.1) b 2) cB. night, delight; morning, warning; gray, way, red, headC.1) F 2) T 3) F【原文】A red sky at either dusk or dawn is one of the spectacular and beautiful weather predictors we have in nature. By closely observing this phenomenon, you can achieve short-range accuracy of the weather as good as, or better than your local weatherman. In the Bible, Jesus in Matthew 16, 2-3 is quoted as saying, “When it is evening, it will be fair weather: for the sky is red. And in the morning it will be foul weather today: for the sky is red” when speaking to the Pharisees. An old English weather proverb based on this passage is:Red sky at night, sailors delight.Red sky at morning, sailors take warning.OrEvening red and morning gray,Sends the traveler on his way.Evening gray, morning red,Brings the rain down on his head.At dusk, a red sky indicates that dry weather is on the way. This is due to the sun shining through dust particles being pushed ahead of a high pressure system bringing in dry air. A red sky in the morning is due to the sun again shining through dust. In this case however, the dust is being pushed on by an approaching low reassure system bringing in moisture. Don't confuse a red sky in the morning with a red sun in the morning. If the sun itself is red and the sky is a normal color, the day will be fair.Task 5【答案】1) c 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) c【原文】Mark: I am an avid fly fisherman and frequently find myself on the river ina raft during lightning storms. We always have a debate at thesetimes on where we are safest — pulling into shore or staying on thewater. Since I have heard one is safe in a car when lightning strikesI wonder if the raft floating on the water is insulated, and thereforethe safest place to be.Meteorologist A: We spoke with some scientists about your question, and they allagreed that under no circumstances should you remain on the waterduring a lightning storm. If your raft is made of rubber, you mightfeel that you're .well insulated, but don't kid yourself. Typicallightning flashes travel 10 to 15 kilometers and can deliver as muchas 100,000 amps of current. In comparison, a toaster uses about 10amps of current. If lightning strikes the water near you, it will haveno trouble traveling through a few extra centimeters of rubber. Meteorologist B: So, if you're on the water and a thunderstorm approaches, get to the shore and seek shelter on land. Try a building or car. If neither isavailable, look for a cave, cliff, wall, or a group of trees. Never takeshelter under an isolated tree-it's also a good target for lightning.Task 6【答案】A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) TB.Incredible, one minute, one kilometer, destroyed, lifted up, carried away, killed, injured【原文】Every spring and summer many inland areas are hit by tornados. A tornado is a kind of storm. It's a revolving, funnel-shaped column of air that moves through the sky at very high speeds. A tornado looks like a huge, black ice cream cone whirling through the sky. The speed of a tornado is very fast-it is believed to be between 200 and 700 kilometers per hour.Tornados form under very special weather conditions, and these special weather conditions occur most often in inland areas, such as the central United States. A tornado forms when a layer of warm, dry air is on top of a layer of cooler, moist air. This combination of dry, warm air above wet, cool air creates a condition that causes the lower layer of air to lift up. As the lower air rises, both layers of air begin to rotate, to turn around and around. The air begins to rotate faster and faster because of centrifugal force. The tornado has a center called an “eye” and the air rotates quickly around this eye.As the air begins to rotate faster and faster, the tornado cloud begins to grow downward; that is, it begins to form a funnel or cone, and this cone goes down toward the ground.The cone of air is dark because it develops from a dark rain cloud. As the cloud gets longer, as the cloud gets closer to the ground, it begins to pull up dirt from the ground. Then the funnel ofrotating air becomes very dark because of the dirt in it. As the tornado funnel gets longer, it begins to drag along the ground.When the tornado touches the ground, it does incredible damage. It usually touches the ground for only about one minute, and it usually travels along the ground for only about one kilometer, but during that one minute, buildings are destroyed, trees are lifted up out of the ground, small objects are carried away, and sometimes people are injured or killed.Task 7【答案】A.1) b 2) a 3) bB.1) It has been nice weather during the day, but it is going to change at night.2) Fine weather in southern Europe and not so nice in northern EuropeFor todaySoutheast England---26 degrees Celsius by mid-afternoonSouthern Scotland---Maximum temperatures of around 21 degreesBrighton---15 hours of lovely sunshineMidlands---23 degrees Celsius by early afternoonNorthwest of Scotland---Light showers around middayFor the weekendSpain---34 degrees CelsiusGreece---32 degrees CelsiusFrance---Cloudy with rain, maximum temperatures of 22 degrees。
现代大学英语听力2听力原文及题目答案Unit
现代大学英语听力2听力原文及题目答案Unit《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit 4Unit 4Task 1【答案】1) They were orphans and had nobody to support them. 2) Each boy was given only one bowl of gruel for supper and no more —far from enough. 3) They boys were so hungry that they could not bear it any more. They decided that tone of them must ask the master for more gruel. Olive Twist was chosen by casting lots. 4) He never thought that any boy would dare to ask for more food than the given portion. Therefore, he was both surprised andangr y on hearing Oliver’s request.5) He was struck on the head by the master and pushed out of the room. And for a week Olive remained prisoner in the cellar. 【原文】Oliver Twist had no parents and lived in the workhouse.The room in which the boys had their food was a large stone hall. Each boy was given one bowl of gruel and no more. Thebowls never needed washing. The boys polished them with their spoons. But still the boys were hungry. Oliver Twist and theother boys suffered from slow starvation for three months. Atlast they got so wild with hunger that one of the boys, who was tall for his age, said:\wild hungry eyes and the boys believed him. The boys gathered and thought of a plan. \gruel,\\the master and ask for more.\So they cast lots. The lot fell to Oliver Twist. He had to go up to the master and ask for more gruel.The evening came. The boys took their places and quickly ate up their gruel. Then they looked at Oliver. He rose from his place, bowl and spoon in hand, went up to the master and said, \healthy man, but he turned pale. \Oliver repeated: \The master struck Oliver on the head and pushed him out of the room. For a week Oliver remained a prisoner in the cellar.Task 2【答案】A.1)F2)F3)TB.1)d2)b【原文】Mark Twain was a famous American writer. There were many stories about him. One dayMark Twain was fishing. A stranger came along. \\\\\\\\\I'm the game warden of this county,\said the stranger. \is not allowed here.\Mark Twain paused a minute. Then he asked: \ \\Task 3【答案】A.Name: Lewis CarrollOccupation: mathematics; Oxford UniversityLiterary works: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland; 1865;Through the Looking-Glass; 1871B.These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures and has interesting adventures. 【原文】Which would you rather be? A mathematician or a writer? Perhaps you will never be faced with this kind of choice. Lewis Carroll was both a mathematician and a writer. He was a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford University. But he is better known as the auth or of two of the most famous children’ s books that have ever been written: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. The author’s real name was CharlesLutwidge Dodgson, but he preferred to use the pen-name “Lewis Carroll” when he wrote Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and this is the name we remember him by.Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland was published in 1865, when its author was 33 years old; it was followed by Through the Looking-Glass in 1871. Both books were written for a real girl called Alice, but they have been read by millions of children since they were first published. These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures and has interesting adventures . I’m sure you know this already, but if you don’t, you had better read the stories yourselves.Task 4【答案】the Greeks, closed the gates of the city and stayed behind the walls, the Greeks, a huge wooden horse, hide inside it, the horse, they stopped, hid their ships, Greekprisoner, the horse, The Greek soldiers, the wooden horse 【原文】But the Greek ships did not sail far. The Greeks stopped at a place near Troy, where the Trojans could not see them, and hid their ships. At first the Trojans wanted to burn the wooden horse, but a Greek prisoner said, \it into Troy. It will help you.\The horse was very big, and the Trojans could not bring it in through the gate. They had to make a hole in the wall. Then they brought the wooden horse into the city. The next day was a holiday in Troy. At night all the Trojan soldiers fell asleep after a heavy festive drinking.The Greek ships came back to Troy in the night. When everything was quiet, the Greek soldiers came out of the wooden horse and opened the gates of the city. The Greek army came into the city, killed many Trojans and took the city.Task 5【答案】A.1)c2)aB.1) All the animals thought that he was the king of beasts. Actually he was a coward. He was afraid of human beings and other big animals. He roared only to scare them away and never really hurt them. 2) Dorothy and her dog wanted to get back to Kansas. The Scarecrow wanted some brains and the Tinman wanted a heart. The Lion wanted to have courage. 【原文】The following story has been taken from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz written by L. Frank Baum in 1900. The book is a modern fairy tale and is one of the great favorites of American children.One day a tornado carried away Dorothy and her dog Toto from their home in Kansa sand landed them in the wonderful land of Oz. Here they made friends with two strange fellows, a scarecrow and a tin man. The four were now on their way to the Emerald City where the Great Oz lived.Just as the Tinman spoke there came from the forest aterrible roar, and the next moment a great Lion rushed into the road. With one blow of his paw he knocked the Scarecrow to the edge of the road, and then he hit the Tinman with his sharp claws. But, to the Lion's surprise, he could make no mark on the tin, though the Tinman fell over in the road and lay still.Little Toto, now that he had an enemy to face, ran barking towards the Lion. The great beast had opened his mouth to bitethe dog. Dorothy feared that Toto would be killed. She forgotall danger and rushed forward. She slapped the Lion upon hisnose as hard as she could, and cried out:\bite a poor little dog!\\Dorothy had hit it.\ \But how can I help it?\\Scarecrow?\\Scarecrow and set him upon his feet, while she patted him into shape again. \\me to see him turn around so. Is the other one stuffed also?\\ \said the Lion. \it made a cold shiver min down my back. What is that little animal you are so kind to?\\\said the girl.\one thinks of biting such a small, little thing except a coward like me,\continued the Lion sadly. \makes you acoward?\asked Dorothy. She looked at the great beast in wonder, for he was as big as a small horse.\don't know,\replied the Lion. \suppose I was born that way. All the other animals in the forest expect me to be brave, for the Lion is everywhere thought to be the King of Beasts. I learned that if I roared very loudly every living thing was afraid and got out of my way. Whenever I've met a man I've been very much frightened; but I just roared at him, and he has always min away as fast as he could go. If the elephants, tigers and bears ever tried to fight me, I would run away — I'm such a coward; but just as soon as they hear me roar, they all try to get away from me, and of course I let them go.\\Scarecrow.\his tail. \there is danger, my heart begins to beat fast.\ \\\you have,\continued the Tinman, \should be glad, for it proves you have a heart. For my part, I have no heart; so I can't have heart disease.\ \ \\\am going to the great Oz to ask him to give mesome,\remarked the Scarecrow, \\\\\\\\without courage.\\the other wild beasts. I think they must be more cowardly than you if they allow you to scare them so easily.\ \long as I know myself to be a coward I shall be unhappy.\ Task 6【答案】A.1) Civil War2) first, equality3) battlefields, bloodiest 4) ordinary B.1)d2)c【原文】Walt Whitman is often called the poet of American democracy. He lived during the American Civil War, and he admired President Abraham Lincoln very much.Whitman was the first American poet who wrote about tree equality among all people. In a poem called \and he found no difference. He wrote:\ In the same poem Whitman spoke up for women. He wrote: \He also wrote:\faces of men and women I see God.\and \city is that which has the greatest men and women.\Whitman understood war and the results of war. He worked in a hospital, taking care of wounded men. In a description of northern soldiers who had returned from prisons in the south he wrote: \or any collection of wounded, even the bloodiest.\war will never get in the books.\Whitman was the first important American poet to write about ordinary people, using ordinary language.Task 7【答案】A.1) A red, red rose that’s newly spring in June and the melody that’s sweetly played in tune.June---tune I---dry sun---run while ---mile 【原文】O, my love is like a red, red rose, That is newly sprung in June. O, my love is like the melody, That is sweetly played in tune.As fair are you, my lovely lass, So deep in love am I,And I will love you still, my Dear, Till all the seas go dry.Till all the seas go dry, my Dear, And the rocks melt with the sun! O I will love you still, my Dear, While the sands oflife shall run.And fare you well, my only Love, And fare you well a while!Task 8【答案】1) Tall stories, that is, unlikely ones.2) Because he wanted to be a member of a certain club.3) He went there because he was told that a lion came there each evening to drink water.5) He killed sixteen lions. 【原文】Task 9【答案】I. a young prince who lived on landA. changed her fish’s tail into a pair of human legsB. she gave the witch her tongue III. the p rince’s palace A. her feet hurt terribly B. didn’t love her Ⅳ. a young princessA. drive back into the seaB. a spirit of the air and lived forever 【原文】Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark. In Copenhagen harbor, you can see a statueof the Little Mermaid. I wonder if you know her story. It's a sad one.Finally she visited a witch. The witch changed her fish's tail into a pair of human legs so that she could go and live on land. But in return, the Little Mermaid had to give her tongueto the witch, so that she could never sing or speak again. She loved the prince so much that she gave it happily.She went and lived in the prince's palace, and every night, she danced for him, although her strange new feet caused her terrible pain. But she didn't mind the pain. She waited and waited for the prince to fall in love with her.But, although the prince liked the Little Mermaid very much, he didn't love her. He fell in love with a young princess and they got married. On their wedding night, the Little Mermaid sadly dived back into the sea. She had no tail now, only legs, and she thought that she would die. She didn't die, though.Because of her kind heart, she became a spirit of the air and lived forever.Task 10【答案】A.1)b2)c3)b4)a5)aB.No.1[e]No.2[b]No.3[a][d][c]【原文】1) A wolf thought that by disguising himself as a sheep he could get enough to eat. So he put on a sheepskin and joined the flock without being discovered. At sunset the shepherd shut him with the sheep in the fold. Then he felt hungry, so he picked up his knife and killed one of the sheep for his supper. But it was the wolf that he killed.3) Monkeys are said to have a strange habit. When twins are born to them, the mother will take care of only one of the twins. She will hold it tightly to her breast and neglect the other.But the one taken care of will die because it cannot breathe freely, while the neglected one will grow up strong and healthy.5) A reed and an olive tree were quarrelling one day. They wanted to see which one was the stronger. Finally the olive tree said to the reed, \are easily bent by the wind.\arose. The reed was tossed about and bent by the winds, but it was not hurt. The olive tree stood bravely against the storm and was broken by its force.Task 11【答案】I.A. struck a rock and began to break up.B. sank tooC. had survived II.A. he was tied very firmly by a large number of fine ropes.B. about forty little men shot at him with their arrows, which hurt like needles.C. the little men gave him all the bread, meat and wine they had. III.was seven feet by three feet, equipped with twenty-two wheels and pulled by fifteen hundred little horses 【原文】He slept until the following morning. When he woke up, he could not move. His arms and legs were tied to the ground, very firmly, and so was his hair. There were a large number of very fine, thin ropes across his body, he discovered, and these prevented him from moving.Gulliver could just manage to look down his body — that was all he could do — and there he saw, advancing up his body, about forty little men. These little men were only about six inches high. They were dressed as soldiers, and each one carried a bow and arrow. Gulliver shouted out, and when he did this, all the soldiers ran away, though they gradually came back again.After that one of the king's officers came up to Gulliver. He spoke to him, and indicated that he had to go to the city, tothe capital of the island. This was what the king had ordered. Guliver asked to be set free, but the officer refused. Gulliver again thought of trying to escape, but he remembered those arrows which the soldiershad shot at him, and he decided to do nothing. In any case he soon fell asleep, because of all the wine he had drunk. While he was asleep, the people on the island made arrangements — got everything ready — to take Gulliver to the capital. They managed to get him on a cart which they had built specially to take him to the city. It was seven feet long, and three feet wide, and it had twenty-two wheels in all. It took about three hours to get Gulliver on the cart, and fifteen hundred horses to pull the cart to the city.Task 12Aesop was a very clever man who lived in Greece thousands of years ago. He wrote many good fables. He was known to be fond of jokes. One day, as he was enjoying a walk he met a traveler, who greeted him and said, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I shall get to town?”“Go,” Aesop answered.“I know I must go”, said the traveler, “but I should Like you to tell me how soon I shall get to town.”“Go,” Aesop said again a ngrily.“This man must be mad,” the traveler thought and went on.After he had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You will get to town in two hours.” The traveler turned around in astonishment. “Why didn’t you tell me that before?” he asked.“How could I have told you before?” answered Aesop. “I did not know how fast you could walk.。
全新版大学英语听说教程2unit4听力原文
Dialogue 1:M: What's the trouble?W: I feel dizzy and my whole body aches.M: How long have you been sick?W: Two or three days now.M: How's your appetite?W: I've got no appetite. The sight of food simply turns my stomach. What's wrong with me?M: You seem to be generally run-down.Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?Dialogue 2:W: What's the matter, Jack? You look pale.M: Oh, I feel terrible.W: Why? What's the matter?M: I have a splitting headache and a sore throat.W: Why didn't you tell me?M: I thought they might go away, but I feel worse this morning. I'm aching all over.W: Hmm. You feel warm, too. You must have got a fever. There's a pretty bad flu going around, you know.Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?2-4-BGoing to See the DoctorD: So what's your trouble?P: Well, doctor, I haven't been feeling well lately. My biggest problem is that I'm having trouble sleeping.D: Have you tried any of the sleeping medications available?P: I've tried one or two, but they don't seem to help.D: How long have you had this problem?P: Three or four months -- it's been rather a long time now.D: Are you suffering from an unusual level of stress in your life lately?P: Not more than usual. My biggest worry is the fact I can't sleep.D: Well, some people don't need as much sleep as others.P: But I feel tired all day, so it is a problem for me.D: Have you been experiencing any other symptoms?P: I've also had a lot of indigestion lately.D: Well, you are a little overweight, aren't you?P: Yes. And I've gained about seven kilograms this past year.D: You really should try to lose at least that extra weight. Do you get much exercise?P: No, not very much.D: Physical activity is very important.P: So what do you recommend, doctor?D: I will give you some medication for your insomnia and your indigestion. But I also recommend that you begin a regular exercise program.P: But I have neither the time nor the money to go to a gym.D: You don't need to go to a gym. A simple walking program would be very beneficial for you. I think you'll find that diet and exercise will be very helpful in taking care of your recent complaints. 2-4-CEating ApplesYou probably know a famous saying about the importance of eating apples. It is, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away.Now, a new American study shows eating apples may help fight cancer, too. Research scientists at Cornell University in New York say a combination of chemicals found in apples is important for good health. The study shows that the combination of chemicals plays an important part in anti-cancer activity.The scientists say the chemicals are in both the skin and the flesh of apples. Results of the study were reported in the publication Nature. The Cornell researchers studied the chemicals, or extracts, taken from the skin and flesh of red apples grown in New York State. They studied the effectiveness of the apple extracts in fighting cancer.The researchers treated colon (结肠) cancer cells with fifty milligrams of apple extract (苹果汁). Extracts from the apple skin reduced the growth of cancer cells by forty-three percent. Extracts from the fruit's flesh reduced the growth of cancer cells by twenty-nine percent.The researchers also treated human liver (肝) cancer cells with apple extract. Extracts from the apple skin reduced the growth of those cells by fifty-seven percent. Extracts from the fleshy part of the apple reduced the cancer cells by forty percent.Lead researcher Liu Ruihai said scientists have long known that apples are good for human health. He says some scientists are interested in testing single vitamins or other substances to see if they alone fight disease. He says his study shows no single substance works alone to reduce cancer. Instead, the combination of chemicals in apples is effective and eating fruit and vegetables is better than taking extra vitamin pills.Unit 4Part A1. C2. DPart BTextExercise 1: 1. d 2.d 3. c 4. dExercise 2:1.He has suffered from insomnia for several months and lately has had alot of indigestion.2.She gave the patient some medicine for insomnia and indigestion. she advised the patient to have a proper diet and begin a regular exercise program.Part CExercise: 1. T 2.T 3. F 4.T 5.F。
现代大学英语听力2听力原文及题目答案Unit
Harry: Maybe not; but you'll learn to care about the money too, when you've got a family to keep.
In the station she went to one of the automatic ticket machines but she didn't have enoughchange, so she had to join the queue at the ticket window. She bought her ticket and ran to theescalator. Laura went to the platform and waited for the tube. It arrived and the crowd moved forward.
Nora: Now ifI were a man I'd be a farmer. To see the crops growing--that's my idea of a goodlife.
Harry: Yes, and to see the money rolling in is more important still.
Ihad two months until my new job began.It was like waiting an entire summer for school to start.Ispent those two months talking to figure skating coaches and judges.Iread boring rule books.Idrove to the rinks where the skaters trained, and made notes about our conversations.Ieven took a lesson, which made some of the skaters laugh.
大学英语二级视听说Unit4答案+原文
Unit Four Psychology in Our Daily LifePart 1 Listening, Understanding and SpeakingListening IExercise 1 1)F 2)T 3)T 4)F 5)F 6)FExercise 2 1)prison 2)the digging 3)ten 4)the money; the gun 5)plant the potatoesScript:A potato farmer was sent to prison just at the time when he should have been digging the ground for planting the new crop of potatoes. He knew that his wife would not be strong enough to do the digging by herself, but she could manage to do the planting; and he also knew that he did not have any friends or neighbors who would be willing to do the digging for him. So he wrote a letter to his wife which said, “Please do not dig the potato field. I hid the money and the gun there.”Ten days later he got a le tter from his wife. It said, “I think somebody is reading your letters before they go out of the prison. Some policemen arrived here two days ago and dug up the whole potato field. What shall I do now?”The prisoner wrote back at once, “Plant the potatoes, of course.”Listening IIExercise 1 √4 √5Exercise 21)the lift service 2)engineers 3)Add more lifts 4)faster ones 5)too expensive 6)a psychologist 7)Place a large mirror 8)simple 9)inexpensiveScript:The manager of a large office building received many complaints about the lift service in the building. He hired a group of engineers to study the situation. They suggested two solutions: 1) adding more lifts of the same type; 2) replacing the lifts with faster ones.The manager decided that both suggestions were too expensive. So he asked a psychologist to study the problem. The psychologist noticed that many people felt angry and impatient because they thought they had to wait too long for the lifts. However, the psychologist found that they had to wait only a relatively short time. It occurred to him that the reason they felt angry and impatient was that they had nothing to do while they were waiting for the lifts. He suggested a simple, inexpensive solution to the manager. This was adopted and complaints stopped immediately. The solution was to place a large mirror next to the lifts.Listening IIIExercise 1 1)T 2)T 3)F 4)F 5)TExercise 21)office 2)discussion 3)Immediately 4)long 5)describing 6)wrongs 7)over 8)shoulders 9)minutes 10)speechlessScript:After just a few years of marriage, filled with constant arguments, a young man and his wife decided the only way to save their marriage was to try therapy. They had been at each other's throats for some time and felt that this was their last resort.When they arrived at the therapist's office, the therapist jumped right in and opened the floor fordiscussion, “What seems to be the problem?” Immediately, the husband held his long face down without anything to say. On the other hand, the wife began describing all the wrongs within their marriage.After 5—10—15 minutes of listening to the wife, the therapist went over to her, picked her up by her shoulders, kissed her for several minutes, and sat her back down. Afterwards, the wife sat there—speechless.He looked over at the husband who was staring in disbelief at what had happened. The therapist spoke to the husband, “Your wife NEEDS that at least twice a week!”The husband scratched his head and replied, “I can have her here on Tuesdays and Thursdays.”Listening IVExercise 1 1)T 2)T 3)F 4)F 5)FExercise 2 1)less stressed 2)stress level; heart rate; blood pressure 3)discussion; social interaction; relaxed 4)laugh; greatScript:Joan: I'm so stressed out! I just can't get that new computer program written. I wonder if I'll ever finish it. I'm supposed to have dinner with my best friend from college tonight but I think I should call her and say I can't.Thomas: No, Joan, don't call her. Have dinner with her and have a good time.Shelly: I agree with Kristen. Have dinner and talk about what fun you two had in college. Tomorrowyou'll feel less stressed.Joan: How do you know, Shelly?Shelly: I recently read an article in the magazine Psychology Today. It said social support, especially with old and good friends, can help you keep down your stress level. It can actually slow your heart rate and reduce your blood pressure.Thomas: I read that too. It also said that making time for close relationships is vital to helping you have good health. Some research suggests that people who are socially connected get a better night's rest too.Joan: OK, I'll go. I really wanted to, but, well, you know... By the way, Kristen, your job is stressful too. What are you doing tonight?Thomas: I've joined a book discussion group. We're meeting tonight. I always enjoy the discussion and social interaction, so I go home afterwards, feeling relaxed.Shelly: I'm going to call my sister. We don't live close to each other so we phone when we can and laugh a lot. I always feel great afterwards.Joan:Sounds like we'll all be “distressing” tonight. I'm glad we talked.Part 2 Viewing, Understanding and SpeakingExercise 1 1)BCFHI 2)ADEGExercise 21)6:55 2)New Y ork 3)mechanical problems 4)their flight is overdue/delayed 5)the coffee shop 6)seating on another airline 7)1120Part 3 Video Appreciation and Singing for FunExercise 1 1)F 2)F 3)F 4)T 5)T 6)F 7)T 8)TExercise 2 √A √B √C √DExercise 3 1)curse 2)stuck 3)checkout 4)assess; objectively; 5)field; vision 6)fed 7)shoot 8)overtake Part 4 Further ListeningListening IExercise 1 √B √EExercise 2 1)T 2)F 3)F 4)T 5)TScript:Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural preference, not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly influence your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, then it's very likely that you will also provide separate bedrooms for your children. In America they train people to want their own private rooms by giving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many cultures the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a crib near their bed.The areas in the home where people meet also reveal a lot about psychological space needs. Some families cluster, and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little places where family members go to be alone.Although psychological space needs are not determined by economic factors, they sometimes have to be modified a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.Listening IIExercise 1 1)psychologists 2)influence 3)experimented 4)carrier 5)observed 6)normal 7)10 percent of the passers-by helped the non-handicapped man, and 15 percent helped the man with a cast. 8)set up a similar experiment in a situation where the subjects couldn’t leave.Exercise 2 1)A student volunteer 2)experiment 3)same 4)books 5)75 6)37.5 7)distracting 8)notice 9)respond 10)further annoyed 11)the noise 12)help outScript:Two recent studies by psychologists suggest that noise can influence how nice we are to others. They experimented by giving people a chance to help someone in trouble. A person would see a man carrying two boxes filled with books. As the person came closer, the book carrier dropped several books. The other researcher observed whether the passer-by offered to help.When the noise level was normal, 20 percent of the passers-by helped. When the experimenter wore a cast on his arm, 80 percent offered help.But when a very noisy lawnmower was nearby, 10 percent of the passers-by helped the non-handicapped man, and 15 percent helped the man with a cast.It seemed that people were less helpful when it was noisy because they wanted to escape the noise. So the researchers set up a similar experiment in a situation where the subjects couldn't leave.A student volunteer waited in a room before being called for an experiment he expected. The experimenter waited in the same room, holding some books. He dropped the books. The noise level in the room varied from normal to loud; 75 percent of the 52 students helped pick up the books under normal conditions, but only half that many volunteered when the room was noisy. Perhaps because of the distracting noise, the students didn't notice and respond quickly to the book-dropping. Or perhaps the book-dropping further annoyed the students already irritated by the noise, making them less likely to help out.Listening IIIExercise 1 1)C 2)A 3)C 4)A 5)BExercise 2 1)identify personalities 2)achievement 3)parties 4)center 5)crowd 6)getting along with 7)friendly; caring 8)planned 9)structured 10)a few friends 11)a big groupScript:(Three students, John, Sue, and Kelly, are looking at magazines in the library and commenting on some articles they see.)John: I think I've seen everything now!Sue: What do you mean?John: Have you ever heard of psycho-geometrics?Sue: No.John: I hadn't either. It's a new way of identifying personalities.Kelly: How?John: You think of the four basic shapes—square, triangle, circle and rectangle and decide which shape you like best.Sue: I like triangles. They make me think of the ancient Egyptian pyramids. What does that say about me?John: The triangle stands for ambition and high achievement.Sue: I like that. What else?John: You like to achieve. Once you decide what you want, nothing will stop you. Also you like to give big parties for friends and love being in the center of the crowd.Kelly: That fits you, Sue. What about me? I like circles. That's why I wear my blouse with the dots on it so often.John: The circle is a symbol of unity. Getting along with others is most important to you. You're friendly, caring and a good listener. No wonder you're so popular!Kelly: That's nice to know. What about you?John: I like squares. This is supposed to mean that I like things to be planned and structured, and also that finishing things is important to me.Kelly: What else?John: It says that I prefer being with just a few friends rather than with a big group. That's really true. Sue: Do you believe all of this, John?John: I don't know but it's fun to think about.Listening IVExercise 11)American history 2)$64,000 3)the best guest; missed a question 4)second 5)easier; play it safe Exercise 2 1)C 2)B 3)B 4)A 5)AScript:Bob had finally made it to the last round of the $64,000 Question. The night before the big question, he told the host that he desired a question on American history. The big night had arrived. Bob made his way on stage in front of the studio and TV audience. He had become the talk of the week. He was the best guest this show had ever seen. The host stepped up to the mike.“Bob, you have chosen American history as your final question. You know that if you correctly answer this question, you wi ll walk away $64,000 richer. Are you ready?”Bob nodded with confidence. The audience went nuts. He hadn't missed a question all week.“Bob, your question on American history is a two-part question. As you know, you may answer either part first. As a rule, the second half of the question is always easier. Which part would you like to answer first?”Bob was now becoming very nervous. He couldn't believe it, but he was drawing a blank. American history was his easiest subject, but he played it safe. “I'll try the easier part first.”The host nodded approvingly. “Here we go, Bob. I will ask you the second half first, then the first half.” The audience silenced with great anticipation.“Bob, here is your question: And in what year did it happen?”。
现代大学英语听力第二册答案
Unit 1 Social CustomsTask 1A1.She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral.2.She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.3.They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas andnewspapers.4.Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who alllooked as if they were wearing a uniform.5.No, he didn’t.6.He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world”to prove hisopinion.BIf all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!Task 2A1. people were much busier2. colder than England; minus thirty degrees; last longer3. much more mountainous; much higher and much more rocky; more beautiful4. tend to be more crowded5. the houses; smallerB1.T2. T3. F4. F5. FTask 3A1.In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves; they don’t invite otherpeople to watch them.ually eight people dance together.3.Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each side ofthe square.B1. F2. T3. F4. F5. TC1.eight people form a square; on each side of the square2.what they should do; makes it into a song; sings it3.don’t have much time to think4.old-fashioned clothesC1. eight people form a square; on each side of the square2. what they should do; makes it into a song; sings it3. don’t have much time to think4. old-fashioned clothesTask 41.It was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2.They burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.3.The custom said the brides must wear “something old, something new, somethingborrowed, and something blue” to bring good luck.4.Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they triedto use up these things before Lent began.5.It was a straw man made by children in Czech; it was a figure of death.6.People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into thechurch people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.Task 5A1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. T7. TBLife in Victorian timesAdvantages:Lots of servants to do the work; beautiful clothes to wear; lots of tea parties; life being slower; plenty of time to talk to each other, play the piano or play cards together Disadvantages:Terrible life for servants; very uncomfortable clothes; boring and formal tea parties---often no men being invited; much more illness; children left with servants all day; very poor education; no freedom for womenLife todayAdvantages:Lots of machines to help with the housework; a much better life for children; more freedom for womenDisadvantages:People being always rushing, having no time to stop or enjoy themselves; too much time spent in front of the television, no talk to each otherTask 6A1. b2. a3. c4. aB1. family unit; process; change; used to be; the extended; the nuclear2. job patterns; progressed; agricultural; industrial; forced; job opportunities; split up3. traditional; family; expanded; other living arrangementsC1.mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living inthe same house or nearby2.only the parents and the children3.previously married men and women marry again and combine the children fromformer marriages into a new familyTask 7A1. Both2. Men3. Both4. Women5. Men6. Men7. Women8. Women9. Women 10. Women 11. Men 12. WomenB1. c2. c3. a4. b5. c6. c7. cTask 8A1. a2. c3. b4. c5. c6. b7. c8. bB1.T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. F8. F9. T 10.FTask 9Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in the room.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one f the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.Unit 2 WeatherTask 11. b2. a3. dTask 2A1.T2. F3. FB1. d2. c3. cC1.climate2. reputation3. extraordinary4. unreliable5. dry6. wet7. clear8. dull 9. hot 10. cold 11. bad 12. mildTask 31.the country; Trees, grass, lakes and steams2.concrete; take in the heat during the day and throw off heat into the air at night;Warmer winters, car engines; electrical appliance3.air pollution may stop sunlight from reaching the earth; Ice near the North andSouth poles to melt; to be slowly flooded and people living in these cities to move to higher landTask 4A1. b2. cB1.night2. delight3. morning4. warning5. gray6. way7. red8. head C1. F2. T3. FTask 51. c2. b3. d4. c5. cTask 6A1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. TB1. incredible2. one minute3. one kilometer4. destroyed5. lifted up6. carried away7. killed8. injuredTask 7A1. b2. a3. bB1.For today: It has been nice weather during the day, but it is going to change atnight.2.For the weekend: Fine weather in southern Europe and not so nice in northernEuropeCFor todaySoutheast England---26 degrees Celsius by mid-afternoonSouthern Scotland---Maximum temperatures of around 21 degreesBrighton---15 hours of lovely sunshineMidlands---23 degrees Celsius by early afternoonNorthwest of Scotland---Light showers around middayFor the weekendSpain---34 degrees CelsiusGreece---32 degrees CelsiusFrance---Cloudy with rain, maximum temperatures of 22 degreesNorthern Ireland---Heavy rain, 17 degrees CelsiusMost of England---Cloudy but mainly dry with sunny periods, 23 degrees CelsiusTask 8Natural Phenomena Air Pressure Causes(Rise or Fall)Faraway objects are Fall The dust particles begin to settle to the more sharply focused. ground in thinner air and the air clears. Birds’ calls become Fall Instead of traveling upward and Sharper. outward into the atmosphere they arebent back to the earth and their rangeextended.Swamp doesn’t Rise The methane is trapped in the bottom smell very strong. of the swamp because of the thick air. Bird fly high. Rise Birds prefer to fly where the air is thedensest and they can get greater liftwith their wingsSmoke rise high in the air Rise Smoke rises with thicker air.Elderly people’s joints ache. Fall The gas in our bodies expands in lowerair pressure.Task 9AStatements 3, 6, 7 are true.Bf—c—a—d—b—eC1. F2. T3. F4. FD1. d2. bTask 10Undoubtedly, Tibet is one of the harshest places for human existence. It is cool in summer but freezing cold in winter. In Lhasa, the mildest city in Tibet, temperatures may exceed 29 degrees Celsius in summer while plummeting to -16 degrees Celsius in winter! Sun radiation is extremely strong in Tibet. The sunlight in Lhasa is so intense that the city is called Sunlight City. The thin air can neither block off nor retain heat so that there are great temperature extremes on the same day! The average temperature in northern Tibet is subzero and winter arrives in October until the following May or June. July or August are the best time to visit the area, enjoying warm temperatures, intense sunshine, beautiful scenery and festive events. May, June and September represent the tourist season in east Tibet. In winter, roads are blocked by heavy snow. Land slides and rock falls frequently occur, which will make travel difficult.Unit 3 Social IssuesTask 1A1.Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year inlower productivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs. 2.The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressureand those that carry a lot of responsibility without much control.3.The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the onlyanswer is to fight back or walk away.B1. Three- quarters2. psychologists, doctors3. nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problemsTask 2A1.give in so easily to hijackers’ demandsa)threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outageb)hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executingterrorists automaticallyc)be prepared to face the consequences of evil2a)It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven often enough that they reallymean business.b)Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its ends.B1.She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she wouldwant the government to give in to the demands so that she wouldn’t die.Task 3A1. thirty-five, natural light, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy2. Mexico3. ought to, shouldn’tB1.It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometersfrom downtown Los Angeles.2.This factory makes shirts and jeans3.She’s already been working for ten hours, but won’t stop for another two hours.4.She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.Task 4AEvery year the British government publishes statistics about social trends. Their findings show definite patterns in the British way of life.1.marked differencesa)one hour more every day, three hours more every weekb) 1 percent, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs orimprovementsc)30 percent2.leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks,Swimming, British womenB1.Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her won accounts and Adrian hasalways done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.Task 5ATopic: How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.Supporting details: 160 million, every year, 10 percent, 10 percent, the rest, public cooperation1.garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash2.electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys3.are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries4.bottles and glass containers that can be recycled5.metal containers that can be recycled6.furniture and bicycledon different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, give awayB1.The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building orhospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.2.official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can usesome of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems. Task 61.They were talking about Mrs. Carter.2.She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice aweek.3.She lived alone in a large house on an old farm---about three miles from the shop.4.He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidencewas this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.5.Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper believed that if they didn’tpunish her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.6.The judge thought that it was difficult case from a humanitarian point of view. Theexcuses her found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone---she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor---she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. Te items were only worth a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and she didn’t know that she had done it.Task 7ATopic: According to the urban planner, not all modern cities are alike. There seem to be two types of modern city.1. a single high-density center, skyscrapers, motorways, as far as you can see2.the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centers,shopping centers, factories, businesses, skyscrapersB1.He thinks that the second type( the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.2.He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completelydisappear.Task 8A1.He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflation, which is the resultof the Democrat’s careless spending.2.No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment.If the government cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.3.She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem,especially in the big industrial cities. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out.4.He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation orprotection. He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.5.No, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected/ it’s bad for theunderprivileged.B1.more and more money2. come from somewhere3. higher taxes and higherpricesTask 9A1.The problem is whether or not the inner city---the core of most urban areas---willmanage to survive at all.2.They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.3.As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many cities beganto fall into disrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.4.The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expandedstill more.5.Because from the decision of the Taylors and many other young couples, we cansee that some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.B1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. TC1.middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods2. Crime, public transportation3. housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructedTask 10A1. 54. 20. 1980, 70,0002. 30, 19803. a newspaper article, to research the market4. another few months, in April 1981, a 1,500 sq ft5. third, Canada, America, 20 percent, ￡1 million6. 20, 70, 3B1. F2. T3. F4. F5. TC1.He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thoughtthe shop was his own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter.However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to;he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC.”2.He thought that there was far more job satisfaction; and believed that he wasmaking money, rather than making money for other people.3.He’s about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domesticallyproduced wine and wines he’s producing himself.Task 11I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran onto the platform and up to the train. Luckily, someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was moving out of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sure the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passengers. Thecompartment was full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me liking at them. All except one, a beautiful woman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you kike my seat?”she asked. “You look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.Unit 4 LiteratureTask 11.They were orphans and had nobody to support them.2.Each boy was given only one bowl of gruel for supper and no more---far fromenough.3.They boys were so hungry that they could not bear it any more. They decidedthat tone of them must ask the master for more gruel. Olive Twist was chosen by casting lots.4.He never thought that any boy would dare to ask for more food than the givenportion. Therefore, he was both surprised and angry on hearing Oliver’s request.5.He was struck on the head by the master and pushed out of the room. And fora week Olive remained prisoner in the cellar.Task 2A1. F2. F3. TB1. d2. bTask 3AName: Lewis Carroll; Occupation: mathematics; Oxford UniversityLiterary works: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland; 1865;Through the Looking-Glass; 1871B1.These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures andhas interesting adventures.Task 41. the Greeks2. closed the gates of the city and stayed behind the walls3. the Greeks4. a huge wooden horse5. hide inside it6. the horse7. they stopped 8. hid their ships 9. Greek prisoner 10. the horse11. The Greek soldiers 12. the wooden horseTask 5A1. c2. aB1.All the animals thought that he was the king of beasts. Actually he was a coward.He was afraid of human beings and other big animals. He roared only to scare them away and never really hurt them.2.Dorothy and her dog wanted to get back to Kansas. The Scarecrow wanted somebrains and the Tinman wanted a heart. The Lion wanted to have courage.Task 6A1.civil war2. first; equality3. battlefields; bloodiest4. ordinaryB1. d2. cTask 7A1. A red, red rose that’s newly spring in June and the melody that’s sweetly played intune.2.He will love her till all the seas are dried and the rocks melt in the sun. his lovewill last as long as the sands of life run(there is life on earth).3.Yes, he is, and he will come back no matter how far it is.BJune---tune I---dry sun---run while ---mileTask 81.Tall stories, that is, unlikely ones.2.Because he wanted to be a member of a certain club.3.he went there because he was told that a lion came there each evening to drinkwater.4.Sixteen times.5.He killed sixteen lions.Task 91. a young prince who lived on land; rose to the surface of the sea and waited for theprince to come to her; never came2. a witch; changed her fish’s tail into a pair of human legs; she gave the witch hertongue3.the prince’s palace; her feet hurt terribly; didn’t love herTask 10A1. b2. c3. b4. a5. aB1. e2. b3. a4. d5. cTask 111.stuck a rock and began to break up; sank too; had survived2.he was tied very firmly by a large number of fine ropes; about forty little men shotat him with their arrows, which hurt like needles; the little men gave him all the bread, meat and wine they had3. 3. was seven feet by three feet, equipped with twenty-two wheels and pulled byfifteen hundred little horsesTask 12Aesop was a very clever man who lived in Greece thousands of years ago. He wrote many good fables. He was known to be fond of jokes. One day, as he was enjoying a walk he met a traveler, who greeted him and said, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I shall get to town?”“Go,” Aesop answered.“I know I must go”, said the traveler, “but I should Like you to tell me how soon I shall get to town.”“Go,” Aesop said again angrily.“This man must be mad,” the traveler thought and went on.After he had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You will get to town in two hours.” The traveler turned around in astonishment. “Why didn’t you tell me that before?” he asked.“How could I have told you before?” answered Aesop. “I did not know how fast you could walk.Unit 5 EducationTask 1A1.People’s ideas on permanent education.2.One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational psychologist.3.The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’tunderstand people who want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.B1.was; hated; stand; got out2. all their lives3. certain limits; age limitsTask 2AAge SchoolingFour Nursery SchoolFive The Infants’ SchoolSeven The Junior SchoolB1.He stayed there for a year.2.He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and playedgames---including story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.3.He began t have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.4.The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kindof secondary school they would get into.Task 3Apulsory; the ages of 5 and 16; state-funded; independent2.available; at a nursery school; in the nursery class at a primary school3.preparatory; primary; aged 5 to 134.enter the state education system; at the age of 5; secondary school5.7, 11, 13 or 16; gain admission at 11 or 13; the Common Entrance Examination6.one further year; Advanced Supplementary Examinations; Advanced LevelExaminations7.classroom; laboratory; work independently; undertake research for projects8.vocational; conventional9.secondary education; with A-levels; further; higherB1.GCSE stand for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normallytake at the age of sixteen.2.Students usually study form 8 to 12 subjects over two years.3.Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, whileothers are assessed entirely by examination.Task 4ATopic of This Discussion: Corporal PunishmentInterviewees Position onThis Topic Arguments/ReasonsFor/AgainstKate For It’s difficult to teach children these days, whenmany of them know they won’t get jobs. It’s hardto control the class if you can’t punish them. Somechildren need discipline.Rolf Against It always has been difficult to be a teacher. But youdon’t have to use violence. It’s impossible to teachstudents about nonviolence and being good citizenswhen you are violent yourself.Jane AgainstRaoul For Its’ impossible to teach the rest of the class of youhave one student who constantly misbehaves. It’sbad for the others.B1.. F2. FTask 5A1.Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many partsof the world.2.This program is very popular among children. Some educators object tocertain elements in the program. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street”are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.3.In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.4.1) The reasons may include the educational theories of its creators, thesupport by both government and private businesses, and the skillful use of avariety of TV tricks2) Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street”along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars oftenappear on “Sesame Street”.3) The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes everychild watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and hewants to learn more.B1.six million; regularly; half; economic; racial; geographical2.fifty; Spanish; Portuguese; German; one hundred thousand; English; every twoweeks3.songs; stories; jokes; pictures; numbers; letters; human relationshipsTask 6A1.It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and havecomputers available for all students.2.Its web site provides information about the school, the teacher and their mailaddresses. It also lists student events and organizations.3.They learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers theywill need later in their education.B1.1994; 35%; Last year; 89%2.universities; colleges; urge; requireTask 7A1.spoken; written; saying poetry aloud; giving speeches; advanced degrees; field ofstudy; custom; candidates; doctor’s degree2.written; nineteenth; the great increase in population; the development of modernindustry; objective; personal opinions; memory of facts and details; range of knowledge; a fairer chance; easier; quicker; learning; essay; ling answers; broad general questions; the element of luck; put facts together into a meaningful whole;really knowing much about the subject; have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form; examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer.3.unsatisfactory; along withB1. bTask 8Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lift their country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 6 WorkTask 1A1.d—b---a---e---cB1. aTask 21. a2. b3. d4. cB1.T2. T3. FCwondered; television plays; exciting; every cigarette lighter; tape recorder; held in a certain way; the touch of a gold ring against the hand of; reveal; How wrong they were!Task 3AHarry---Sailor Nora---Farmer(if she were a man)Robert---Civil engineer Peter---Racing driver or explorerB1. a2. b3. c . b 5. dTask 41.correspondents; columnist; may not need either; to go to places where events takeplace and write stories about them2.first; bigger; better; who will soon leave to work for other people3.working hours; free time; work long hours to begin withTask 5A1.acd2. abeB1.she is the wrong sex2. she wears the wrong clothesTask 6Former Jobs When Laid-off Why Laid-off1st man Car salesman Recently Low sales, due to the increaseof interest rates2nd man Worker at a vacuum 10 months ago Plant moved to Singapore where cleaner plant worker are paid much lessB1st speaker---bcd 2nd speaker---aeC1. F2. F。
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《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit 4Unit 4Task 1【答案】1) They were orphans and had nobody to support them.2) Each boy was given only one bowl of gruel for supper and no more —far from enough.3) They boys were so hungry that they could not bear it any more. They decided that tone of them must ask the master for more gruel. Olive Twist was chosen by casting lots.4) He never thought that any boy would dare to ask for more food than the given portion. Therefore, he was both surprised and angry on hearing Oliver’s request.5) He was struck on the head by the master and pushed out of the room. And for a week Olive remained prisoner in the cellar.【原文】Oliver Twist had no parents and lived in the workhouse.The room in which the boys had their food was a large stone hall. Each boy was given one bowl of gruel and no more. The bowls never needed washing. The boys polished them with their spoons. But still the boys were hungry.Oliver Twist and the other boys suffered from slow starvation for three months. At last they got so wild with hunger that one of the boys, who was tall for his age, said:"If this goes on, I am afraid I shall eat the boy who sleeps next me." He had wild hungry eyes and the boys believed him. The boys gathered and thought of a plan. "One of us must walk up to the master at supper this evening and ask for more gruel," said one boy."Let us east lots," said another. "In that way we shall see who must go up to the master and ask for more."So they cast lots. The lot fell to Oliver Twist. He had to go up to the masterand ask for moregruel.The evening came. The boys took their places and quickly ate up their gruel. Then they looked at Oliver. He rose from his place, bowl and spoon in hand, went up to the master and said, "Please, sir, I want some more." The master was a fat, healthy man, but he turned pale."What!" he said at last.Oliver repeated: "Please, sir, I want some more."The master struck Oliver on the head and pushed him out of the room.For a week Oliver remained a prisoner in the cellar.Task 2【答案】A. 1) F 2) F 3) TB.1) d 2) b【原文】Mark Twain was a famous American writer. There were many stories about him. One day Mark Twain was fishing. A stranger came along."Good morning!" said the stranger."Good morning!" said Mark Twain. "Nice weather we're having!""Very nice indeed," said the stranger. "How was fishing""Very good. I caught three trout here yesterday in just about an hour.""Is that so" said the stranger."Yes. I'm very fond of trout.""By the way," said the stranger, "do you happen to know who I am""No, I haven't any idea," said Mark Twain."Well, I'm the game warden of this county," said the stranger. "Fishing is notallowed here."Mark Twain paused a minute. Then he asked:"By the way, do you know who I am""No, I don't.""Well, I am the biggest liar in the country."Task 3【答案】A.Name: Lewis CarrollOccupation: mathematics; Oxford UniversityLiterary works: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland; 1865;Through the Looking-Glass; 1871B.These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures and has interesting adventures.【原文】Which would you rather be A mathematician or a writer Perhaps you will never be faced with this kind of choice. Lewis Carroll was both a mathematician and a writer. He was a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford University. But he is better known as the author of two of the most famous children’s books that have ever been written: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. The author’s real name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, but he preferred to use the pen-name “Lewis Carroll” when he wrote Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and this is the name we remember him by.Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland was published in 1865, when its author was 33 years old; it was followed by Through the Looking-Glass in 1871. Both books were written for a real girl called Alice, but they have been read by millions ofchildren since they were first published. These stories are about a dream world in which Alice meets strange creatures and has interesting adventures . I’m sure you know this already, but if you don’t, you had better read the stories yourselves.Task 4【答案】the Greeks, closed the gates of the city and stayed behind the walls, the Greeks, a huge wooden horse, hide inside it, the horse, they stopped, hid their ships, Greek prisoner, the horse, The Greek soldiers, the wooden horse【原文】Many, many years ago there was a war between the Greeks and the Trojans. The Greek ships sailed up to the city of Troy. When the Trojans saw the Greek ships, they closed the gates of their city and stayed behind the walls. The Greeks attacked the city many times, but could not take it. Then one of the Greeks thought of a plan. The Greeks made a big wooden horse and had some soldiers hide inside the horse. In the morning the Greeks burned their camps and sailed away. Only the big wooden horse remained in front of the city gate.But the Greek ships did not sail far. The Greeks stopped at a place near Troy, where the Trojans could not see them, and hid their ships. At first the Trojans wanted to burn the wooden horse, but a Greek prisoner said, "Don't bum the horse. Bring it into Troy. It will help you."The horse was very big, and the Trojans could not bring it in through the gate. They had to make a hole in the wall. Then they brought the wooden horse into the city. The next day was a holiday in Troy. At night all the Trojan soldiers fell asleep after a heavy festive drinking.The Greek ships came back to Troy in the night. When everything was quiet, the Greek soldiers came out of the wooden horse and opened the gates of the city. The Greek army came into the city, killed many Trojans and took the city.Task 5【答案】A.1) c 2) aB.1) All the animals thought that he was the king of beasts. Actually he was a coward. He was afraid of human beings and other big animals. He roared only to scare them away and never really hurt them.2) Dorothy and her dog wanted to get back to Kansas. The Scarecrow wanted some brains and the Tinman wanted a heart. The Lion wanted to have courage.【原文】The following story has been taken from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz written by L. Frank Baum in 1900. The book is a modern fairy tale and is one of the great favorites of American children.One day a tornado carried away Dorothy and her dog Toto from their home in Kansa sand landed them in the wonderful land of Oz. Here they made friends with two strange fellows, a scarecrow and a tin man. The four were now on their way to the Emerald City where the Great Oz lived.Just as the Tinman spoke there came from the forest a terrible roar, and the next moment a great Lion rushed into the road. With one blow of his paw he knocked the Scarecrow to the edge of the road, and then he hit the Tinman with his sharp claws. But, to the Lion's surprise, he could make no mark on the tin, though the Tinman fell over in the road and lay still.Little Toto, now that he had an enemy to face, ran barking towards the Lion. The great beast had opened his mouth to bite the dog. Dorothy feared that Toto would be killed. She forgot all danger and rushed forward. She slapped the Lion upon hisnose as hard as she could, and cried out:"Don't bite Toto! You should be ashamed of yourself, a big beast like you, to bite a poor little dog!""I didn't bite him," said the Lion, as he rubbed his nose with his paw where Dorothy had hit it."No, but you tried to," she said in anger. "You are nothing but a big coward." "I know," said the Lion, and he hung his head in shame. "I've always known it. But how can I help it""I don't know, I'm sure. But how can you hit a stuffed man like the poor Scarecrow" "Is he stuffed" asked the Lion, in surprise, as he watched her pick up the Scarecrow and set him upon his feet, while she patted him into shape again."Of course he's stuffed," replied Dorothy. She was still angry."That explains it. He really went over easily," said the Lion. "It surprised me to see him turn around so. Is the other one stuffed also""No," said Dorothy, "he's made of tin." And she helped the Tinman up again. "He really hurt my claws," said the Lion. "When they scratched against the tin it made a cold shiver min down my back. What is that little animal you are so kind to""He is my dog, Toto," answered Dorothy."Is he made of tin, or stuffed" asked the Lion. "Neither. He's a meat dog," said the girl."Oh. He's a curious animal, and seems really small, now that I look at him. No one thinks of biting such a small, little thing except a coward like me," continued the Lion sadly."What makes you a coward" asked Dorothy. She looked at the great beast in wonder, for he was as big as a small horse."I don't know," replied the Lion. "I suppose I was born that way. All the otheranimals in the forest expect me to be brave, for the Lion is everywhere thought to be the King of Beasts. I learned that if I roared very loudly every living thing was afraid and got out of my way. Whenever I've met a man I've been very much frightened; but I just roared at him, and he has always min away as fast as he could go. If the elephants, tigers and bears ever tried to fight me, I would run away —I'm such a coward; but just as soon as they hear me roar, they all try to get away from me, and of course I let them go.""But that isn't right. The King of Beasts shouldn't be a coward," said the Scarecrow."I know it," said the Lion, and he wiped a tear from his eye with the tip of his tail. "It is a great sorrow, and it makes my life very unhappy. But whenever there is danger, my heart begins tobeat fast.""Perhaps you have heart disease," said the Tinman."It may be so," said the Lion."If you have," continued the Tinman, "you should be glad, for it proves you have a heart. For my part, I have no heart; so I can't have heart disease.""Perhaps," said the Lion, "I am a coward because I have a heart.""Have you brains" said the Scarecrow."I suppose so. I've never looked to see," replied the Lion."I am going to the great Oz to ask him to give me some," remarked the Scarecrow, "for my head is stuffed with straw.""And I am going to ask him to give me a heart," said the Tinman."And I am going to ask him to send me and Toto back to Kansas," added Dorothy. "Do you think Oz can give me courage" asked the Cowardly Lion."Just as easily as he can give me brains," said the Scarecrow."Or give me a heart," said the Tinman."Or send me back to Kansas," said Dorothy."Then if you don't mind, I'll go with you," said the Lion, "for life is hard without courage.""You will be very welcome," answered Dorothy, "for you will help to keep away the other wild beasts. I think they must be more cowardly than you if they allow you to scare them so easily.""They really are," said the Lion, "but that doesn't make me any braver, and as long as I know myself to be a coward I shall be unhappy."So once more the little company set off upon the journey. The Lion walked at Dorothy's side. Toto did not like the Lion at first, because he could not forget how nearly he had been crushed between the Lion's great jaws; but after a time he became more at ease, and before long Toro and the Cowardly Lion became good friends.Task 6【答案】A.1) Civil War2) first, equality3) battlefields, bloodiest4) ordinaryB.1) d 2) c【原文】Walt Whitman is often called the poet of American democracy. He lived during the American Civil War, and he admired President Abraham Lincoln very much.Whitman was the first American poet who wrote about tree equality among all people. In a poem called "Song of Myself" he compared himself to all other people, and he found no difference. He wrote:"...every atom belonging to me... belongs to you."In the same poem Whitman spoke up for women. He wrote:"The Female equally with the Male I sing."He also wrote:"In the faces of men and women I see God." and "A great city is that which has the greatest men and women."Whitman understood war and the results of war. He worked in a hospital, taking care of wounded men. In a description of northern soldiers who had returned from prisons in the south he wrote: "The sight is worse than any sight of battlefields or any collection of wounded, even the bloodiest." In Whitman's words: "The real war will never get in the books."Whitman was the first important American poet to write about ordinary people, using ordinary language.Task 7【答案】A.1) A red, red rose that’s newly spring in June and the melody that’s sweetly played in tune.2) He will love her till all the seas are dried and the rocks melt in the sun. his love will last as long as the sands of life run(there is life on earth).3) Yes, he is, and he will come back no matter how far it is.B.June---tune I---dry sun---run while ---mile【原文】O, my love is like a red, red rose,That is newly sprung in June.O, my love is like the melody,That is sweetly played in tune.As fair are you, my lovely lass,So deep in love am I,And I will love you still, my Dear,Till all the seas go dry.Till all the seas go dry, my Dear,And the rocks melt with the sun!O I will love you still, my Dear,While the sands of life shall run.And fare you well, my only Love,And fare you well a while!And I will come again, my Love,Although it were ten thousand mile!Task 8【答案】1) Tall stories, that is, unlikely ones.2) Because he wanted to be a member of a certain club.3) He went there because he was told that a lion came there each evening to drink water.4) Sixteen times.5) He killed sixteen lions.【原文】A famous French writer who wrote many books about England and the English people once wrote about the Englishman's fondness for improbable or tall stories. In oneof his books about the First World War, an English priest tells the following story: He had wanted to become a member of a certain club in Africa. In order to become a member, each person had to shoot at least one lion. The priest had never shot an animal in his life. So, armed with a rifle and accompanied by a young African boy, the priest set out one evening for a pool in the jungle where he was told a lion came each evening to drink. He waited patiently for a few hours until shortly before midnight when he heard a rustling noise. Sure enough a few yards away the head of a lion appeared above a bush that separated the priest and the pool. He aimed and fired. The head of the lion immediately fell behind the bush but a moment later reappeared. So the priest aimed and fired again. The head of the lion immediately fell behind the bush but a moment later reappeared. The priest fired again: the same result. He remained calm because he knew he had brought sixteen bullets with him. After his fourth attempt his aim seemed to become more and more inaccurate. In fact, after his fifteenth attempt the African boy had to warn him, "This is your last chance. If you miss this time, we are in trouble."The priest then realized how serious the situation was, so he took a deep breath, aimed very carefully and fired. They waited a moment, then slowly counted up to twenty: the head of the lion did not reappear. The priest was certain that at last he had shot his lion. They rushed forward together to the spot behind the bush. And what do you think they found Sixteen lions.Task 9【答案】I. a young prince who lived on landA. rose to the surface of the sea and waited for the prince to come to herB. never cameII. a witchA. changed her fish’s tail into a pair of human legsB. she gave the witch her tongueIII. the prince’s palaceA. her feet hurt terriblyB. didn’t love herⅣ. a young princessA. drive back into the seaB. a spirit of the air and lived forever【原文】Copenhagen is the capital of Denmark. In Copenhagen harbor, you can see a statue of the Little Mermaid. I wonder if you know her story. It's a sad one.That Little Mermaid fell in love with a young prince who lived on the land. Every night she used to rise up to the surface of the sea and sit staring at his palace, waiting for him to come to her. But he never came.Finally she visited a witch. The witch changed her fish's tail into a pair of human legs so that she could go and live on land. But in return, the Little Mermaid had to give her tongue to the witch, so that she could never sing or speak again. She loved the prince so much that she gave it happily.She went and lived in the prince's palace, and every night, she danced for him, although her strange new feet caused her terrible pain. But she didn't mind the pain. She waited and waited for the prince to fall in love with her.But, although the prince liked the Little Mermaid very much, he didn't love her. He fell in love with a young princess and they got married. On their wedding night, the Little Mermaid sadly dived back into the sea. She had no tail now, only legs, and she thought that she would die. She didn't die, though. Because of her kind heart, she became a spirit of the air and lived forever.Task 10【答案】A.1) b 2) c 3) b 4) a 5) aB.No. 1[e] No. 2 [b] No. 3 [a] [d] [c]【原文】1) A wolf thought that by disguising himself as a sheep he could get enough to eat. So he put on a sheepskin and joined the flock without being discovered. At sunset the shepherd shut him with the sheep in the fold. Then he felt hungry, so he picked up his knife and killed one of the sheep for his supper. But it was the wolf that he killed.2) A bird in a cage at a window used to sing during the night. A bat which heard her came up and asked why she never sang by day, but only by night. She explained that there was a good reason: she was caught while she was singing in the daytime, and this had taught her a lesson. "One must be careful before one is caught, not after," said the bat.3) Monkeys are said to have a strange habit. When twins are born to them, the mother will take care of only one of the twins. She will hold it tightly to her breast and neglect the other. But the one taken care of will die because it cannot breathe freely, while the neglected one will grow up strong and healthy.4) A gnat alighted on a bull's horn. After it had stayed there a long time and felt like moving on, it asked the bull if he would like it to go now. "I didn't notice when you came," replied the bull, "and I shall not notice if you go."5) A reed and an olive tree were quarrelling one day. They wanted to see which one was the stronger. Finally the olive tree said to the reed, "You are weak. You are easily bent by the wind." But the reed did not say a word. Before long a storm arose. The reed was tossed about and bent by the winds, but it was not hurt. Theolive tree stood bravely against the storm and was broken by its force.Task 11【答案】I.A. struck a rock and began to break up.B. sank tooC. had survivedII.A. he was tied very firmly by a large number of fine ropes.B. about forty little men shot at him with their arrows, which hurt like needles.C. the little men gave him all the bread, meat and wine they had.III.was seven feet by three feet, equipped with twenty-two wheels and pulled by fifteen hundred little horses【原文】Gulliver was travelling by ship. The ship struck a rock and began to break up. Some of the sailors and Gulliver got away in a boat, but that sank too. In the end Gulliver was the only person who survived-who didn't drown. He kept on swimming, and just managed to reach land. By that time it was already evening. Gulliver kept on walking, but by then he was so exhausted that he lay down on the grass, and fell sound asleep.He slept until the following morning. When he woke up, he could not move. His arms and legs were tied to the ground, very firmly, and so was his hair. There were a large number of very fine, thin ropes across his body, he discovered, and these prevented him from moving.Gulliver could just manage to look down his body — that was all he could do — and there he saw, advancing up his body, about forty little men. These littlemen were only about six inches high. They were dressed as soldiers, and each one carried a bow and arrow. Gulliver shouted out, and when he did this, all the soldiers ran away, though they gradually came back again.Gulliver decided to try to escape. He managed to break some of the ropes, and he was also able to free his head. But when he began to move, the soldiers shot at him with their arrows. These arrows were small but sharp like needles, and they hurt Gulliver. He decided to keep still and when he did so, the soldiers stopped shooting at him with their arrows.By this time Gulliver was feeling very hungry, so he put his finger to his mouth, to show the little people that he needed food. They understood this, and they brought him bread and meat. Gulliver ate all the bread and meat, and then indicated that he was thirsty. Again he was understood, and the people brought him wine. In fact Gulliver drank all the wine that was available — all they had.After that one of the king's officers came up to Gulliver. He spoke to him, and indicated that he had to go to the city, to the capital of the island. This was what the king had ordered. Guliver asked to be set free, but the officer refused. Gulliver again thought of trying to escape, but he remembered those arrows which the soldiers had shot at him, and he decided to do nothing. In any case he soon fell asleep, because of all the wine he had drunk.While he was asleep, the people on the island made arrangements —got everything ready — to take Gulliver to the capital. They managed to get him on a cart which they had built specially to take him to the city. It was seven feet long, and three feet wide, and it had twenty-two wheels in all. It took about three hours to get Gulliver on the cart, and fifteen hundred horses to pull the cart to the city.Task 12Aesop was a very clever man who lived in Greece thousands of years ago. He wrote many good fables. He was known to be fond of jokes. One day, as he was enjoying awalk he met a traveler, who greeted him and said, “Kind man, can you tell me how soon I shall get to town”“Go,” Aesop answered.“I know I must go”, said the traveler, “but I should Like you to tell me how soon I shall get to town.”“Go,” Aesop said again angrily.“This man must be mad,” the traveler thought and went on.After he had gone some distance, Aesop shouted after him, “You will get to town in two hours.”The traveler turned around in astonishment. “Why didn’t you tell me that before” he asked.“How could I have told you before”answered Aesop. “I did not know how fast you could walk.。