四级真题
全国大学英语四级真题
全国大学英语四级真题In recent years, passing the National College English Test (CET-4) has become a crucial requirement for Chinese college students. This English proficiency examination, administered nationwide, aims to assess students' listening, reading, writing, and translation skills. With the increasing importance of English in various aspects of life, such as academia, employment, and international communication, it is essential for students to perform well in the CET-4. In this article, we will delve into the nature of the CET-4, its significance, and effective strategies to prepare for the test.1. Understanding the CET-4The CET-4 consists of four sections: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, writing, and translation. The listening comprehension section assesses students' ability to understand English spoken at a normal pace. The reading comprehension section evaluates reading skills, including comprehension of passages and understanding of vocabulary in context. The writing section requires candidates to express their opinions on given topics in a coherent and organized manner. The translation section tests students' ability to translate Chinese into English accurately.2. Significance of the CET-4Passing the CET-4 is not only a requirement for graduation but also a prerequisite for many employment opportunities in China. Employers often consider the CET-4 certificate as evidence of candidates' English proficiency. Additionally, for students aspiring to pursue further studies abroad, a good CET-4 score is often necessary for university applications. Therefore,success in the CET-4 can significantly impact both academic and career prospects.3. Strategies for CET-4 PreparationEffective preparation is crucial for achieving a satisfactory result in the CET-4. Here are some strategies:a) Develop a Study Plan: Allocate sufficient time for each section of the test, focusing on areas that need improvement. Consistent study habits help build confidence and enhance overall performance.b) Improve Listening Skills: Regularly practice listening to English audio materials, such as news broadcasts, podcasts, and TED Talks. Pay attention to various accents and practice answering questions based on what you hear.c) Enhance Reading Comprehension: Read a variety of English texts, such as news articles, academic papers, and fiction. Pay attention to vocabulary in context, practice summarizing main ideas, and work on speed reading techniques to improve efficiency.d) Strengthen Writing Skills: Practice writing essays on different topics, ensuring proper paragraph structuring, logical organization, and coherent arguments. Revise and edit your writing to improve grammar, vocabulary, and overall clarity.e) Translation Practice: Regularly translate English paragraphs or sentences into Chinese to improve accuracy. Focus on idiomatic expressions and phrasal verbs commonly used in formal writing.f) Mock Exams: Take practice tests under exam-like conditions to familiarize yourself with the test format, manage time effectively, and reduce test anxiety.4. ConclusionThe National College English Test (CET-4) is a significant examination for Chinese college students, with implications for both academic and career opportunities. By understanding the nature of the test and implementing effective strategies in preparation, students can increase their chances of success. By devoting time and effort to improving listening, reading, writing, and translation skills, students can confidently approach the CET-4 and achieve their desired results.。
大学英语四级考试真题试卷及答案
大学英语四级考试真题试卷及答案第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Stay in bedB. Go for a walkC. Get exercise2. What do we learn about the speakers?A. They like the movieB. They have known each other for yearsC. They are going for a walk3. What is the woman going to do next?A. Make a planB. Talk with her friendC. Help the man4. What does the man mean?A. He wants the woman to sit downB. He prefers the woman to stand upC. He doesn't want to distract the woman5. Why is the man going to Cuba?A. For a jobB. For a holidayC. For further study第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法？Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customerservice representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a languageservice that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my bossreceived Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how importantinclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base hasincreased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone .Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differencesand similarities . It is about building better communities andorganizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our sharedhumanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think wehave learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations andcommunities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalizationaccording to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’srequest for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , wecan achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
大学英语四级真题CET及答案解析
2015年6月份英语四级真题（CET4）未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册!Part 1 Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and them comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.THIS MODERN LIFE:WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will bear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decision laterB) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a club member2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpricedB) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying oneC ) The guide books in the library have the latest informationD) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver3. A) He regrets having taken the history courseB) He finds little interests in history booksC) He has trouble finishing his reading assignmentsD) He has difficulty in writing the weekly book report4. A) The man had better choose another restaurantB) The new restaurant is a perfect place for datingC) The new restaurant caught her fancy immediatelyD) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant5. A) He has been looking forward to sping C) He will clean the woman’s boots for springC) He has been waiting for the winter sale D) He will help the woman put things away6. A) At a tailor’s C) In a cloth storeB) At Bob’s home D) In a theatre7. A) His guests favors Tibetan drinks C) Mineral water is good for healthB) His water is quite extraordinary D) Plain water will serve the purpose8. A) Report the result of a discussion C) Submit an important documentationB) Raise some environmental issues D) Revise an environmental report Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you just heard9. A) They pollute the soil used to cover themB) They are harmful to nearby neighborhoodsC) The rubbish in them takes long to dissolveD) The gas they emit is extremely poisonous10. A) Growing populations C) Changed eating habitsB) Packaging materials D) Lower production cost11. A) By saving energy C) By reducing poisonous wastesB) By using less aluminum D) By making the most of materials12. A) We are running out of natural resources soonB) Only combined efforts can make a differenceC) The waste problem will eventually hurt all of usD) All of us can actually benefit from recyclingQuestions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) Miami C) BellinghamB) Vancouver D) Boston14. A) To get information on one-way tickets to CanadaB) To inquire about the price of “Super saver ”seatsC) To get advice on how to fly as cheaply as possibleD) To inquire about the shortest route to drive home15. A) Join a tourist group C) Avoid trips in public holidaysB) Choose a major airline D) Book tickets as early as possibleSection BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marketed A), B),C) and D). Then marked the correspond letter on Answer sheet I with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级真题试卷及答案
英语四级真题试卷及答案一、听力理解1. Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) She's going to clean the kitchen.B) She's going to clean the bathroom.C) She's going to clean the living room.D) She's going to clean the bedroom.2. A) He's going to the library.B) He's going to the classroom.C) He's going to the gym.D) He's going to the cafeteria.3. A) The man is a teacher.B) The man is a student.C) The man is a doctor.D) The man is a lawyer.4. A) She's going to the cinema.B) She's going to the theater.C) She's going to the museum.D) She's going to the concert.5. A) The woman is happy.B) The woman is sad.C) The woman is angry.D) The woman is surprised.6. A) He's going to the beach.B) He's going to the mountains.C) He's going to the desert.D) He's going to the forest.7. A) The man is cooking.B) The man is eating.C) The man is sleeping.D) The man is watching TV.8. A) She's going to the airport.B) She's going to the train station.C) She's going to the bus station.D) She's going to the subway station.9. Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, some questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) They are talking about a party.B) They are talking about a movie.C) They are talking about a book.D) They are talking about a play.10. A) The man is going to the party.B) The woman is going to the party.C) Both of them are going to the party.D) Neither of them is going to the party.11. A) They are talking about a class.B) They are talking about a test.C) They are talking about a project.D) They are talking about a holiday.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) The man is a teacher.B) The man is a student.C) The man is a doctor.D) The man is a lawyer.13. A) He's going to the library.B) He's going to the classroom.C) He's going to the gym.D) He's going to the cafeteria.14. A) The woman is happy.B) The woman is sad.C) The woman is angry.D) The woman is surprised.15. A) They are talking about a party.B) They are talking about a movie.C) They are talking about a book.D) They are talking about a play.二、阅读理解1. Directions: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one word for eachblank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may notuse any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 16 to 25 are based on the following passage.Despite these challenges, the Internet remains a powerful tool that has the potential to bring about positive change in the world. It has connected people from different parts of the world and has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge. It has also provided a platform for marginalized voices to be heard and has empowered individuals to take action on issues they care about.2. Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.B. The Internet has connected people from different parts of the world and has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.C. The Internet has brought about some challenges, such as the issue of online privacy.D. The Internet has provided a platform for marginalized voices to be heard and has empowered individuals to take action on issues they care about.E. The Internet has made it easier for us to access information.F. The Internet has the potential to bring about positive change in the world.G. The Internet has led to the spread of fake news and the creation of echo chambers.I. The Internet has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.27. The Internet has made it easier for us to access information.28. The Internet has brought about some challenges, such as the issue of online privacy.29. The Internet has connected people from different parts of the world and has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.30. The Internet has provided a platform for marginalized voices to be heard and has empowered individuals to take action on issues they care about.31. The Internet has led to the spread of fake news and the creation of echo chambers.32. The Internet has the potential to bring aboutpositive change in the world.35. The Internet has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.3. Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.B. The Internet has connected people from different parts of the world and has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.C. The Internet has brought about some challenges, such as the issue of online privacy.D. The Internet has provided a platform for marginalized voices to be heard and has empowered individuals to take action on issues they care about.E. The Internet has made it easier for us to access information.F. The Internet has the potential to bring about positive change in the world.G. The Internet has led to the spread of fake news and the creation of echo chambers.I. The Internet has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.37. The Internet has made it easier for us to access information.38. The Internet has brought about some challenges, such as the issue of online privacy.39. The Internet has connected people from different parts of the world and has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.40. The Internet has provided a platform for marginalized voices to be heard and has empowered individuals to take action on issues they care about.41. The Internet has led to the spread of fake news and the creation of echo chambers.42. The Internet has the potential to bring aboutpositive change in the world.45. The Internet has facilitated the sharing of ideas and knowledge.三、翻译46. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.随着互联网的普及，人们的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。
英语四级真题(附答案)
英语四级真题（附答案）01选词填空Something in the air tonight 南加州雾霾Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26. pollutants. Gazing down on the city from the Getty Centre, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s bad air 27. restricted to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected as a 28. consequence.All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29. innovation, makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30. detail. And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31. intended to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32. outdoor airpollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33. collaborating with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34. inhabitants were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35. creating pollution lows.A）assisted I）inhabitantsB）collaborating J）innovationC）consequence K）intendedD）consumers L）outdoorE）creating M）pollutantsF）detail N）restrictedG）domestic O）sumH）frequently02仔细阅读第一套Passage one：green spaceQuestion 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the European Centre for Environment and Human Health at the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety."There could be a number of reasons,”he said, “for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with all those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don’t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery（彩票）winners who had won more than £500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many of the other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?A) Improve their work efficiency.B) Add to their sustained happiness.C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.D) Lessen their concerns about material well-being.47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?A) Earn more money.B) Gain fame and popularity.C) Settle in an urban area.D) Live in a green environment.48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?A) How it affects different people.B) How strong its effect is.C) How long its positive effect lasts.D) How it benefits physically49. What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green environment?A) Their stress was more apparent than real.B) Their decisions required less deliberation.C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.D) Their communication with others improved.50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?A) Find financial support.B) Improve urban planning.C) Involve local residents in the effort.D) Raise public awareness of the issue.第一套Passage two：the Olympic class shipsYou probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the art(最先进的) ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included theOlympic,the Britannic and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn’t even the flagship of this class.All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water. Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time. However, all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wreaked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster, the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship’s smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with doucle hulls（船体）believed to make them “unsinkable”, perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic’s and theBritannic’s tragic end.The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service od 1935, ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.51. What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?A) They performed marvellously on the sea.B) They could all break the ice in their way.C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.D) They were models of modern engineering.52. What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?A) Their capacity of sailing across all waters.B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.D) The long voyages they were able to undertake.53. What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?A) It was a mere piece of decoration.B) It was the work of a famous artist.C) It was designed to let out extra smoke.D) It was easily identifiable from afar.54. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?A) Their unscientific designs.B) Their captains' misjudgment.C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?A) She was used to carry troops.B) She was sunk in World WarⅠ.C) She was converted into a hospital ship.D) She was retired after her naval service.第二套Passage one：memory slipsQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia （痴呆）increases with age. But if you have memory slips，you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50，it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people，places and thing quickly，says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink，especially areas in the brain that are important to learning，memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie，for example，is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it，that’s far more concerning，Daffner says. When you forget entire experiences，he says，that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.”Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven，or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then，Daffner says，people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss，including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications like antidepressants.You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory.And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive （认知的）reserve，Daffner says.“Read books，go to movies，take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，”he says. In other words，keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active，because exercise is a known brain booster.46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips？A）Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.B）They occur only among certain groups of people.C）Not all of them are related to one’s age.D）They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage？A）Our interaction skills deteriorate.B）Some parts of our brain stop functioning.C）Communication within our brain weakens.D）Our whole brain starts shrinking.48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously？A）Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.B）Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.C）Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.D）Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up？A）Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.B）Turn to a professional for assistance.C）Stop medications affecting memory.D）Exercise to improve their well-being.50. What is Dr Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss？A）Having regular physical and mental checkups.B）Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.C）Engaging in known memory repair activities.D）Staying active both physically and mentally.第二套Passage two：达尔文的信Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives（档案馆）by the FBI after being stolen twice.“We realized in the mid-1970s that it was missing,”says Effie Kapsalis, head of the Smithsonian Institution Archives. “It was noted as missing and likely taken by an intern, from what the FBI is telling us. Word got out that it was missing when someone asked to see the letter for research purposes,”and the intern put the letter back. “The intern likely took the letter again once nobody was watching it.”Decades passed. Finally the FBI received a tip that the stolen document was located very close to Washington, D.C. Their art crime team recovered the letter but were unable to press charges because the time of limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with the Archives to determine that the letter was both authentic and definitely Smithsonian’s property.The letter was written by Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, for sending him copies of his research into the geology of the region that would become Yellowstone National Park. The letter is in fairly good condition, in spite of being out of the care of trained museum staff for so long.“It was luckily in good shape,”says Kapsalis,“and we just have to do some minor things in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing that will prevent us from using it. After it is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and that will be available online. One of our goals is to get items of high research value or interest to the public online.”It would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a thief to steal a document like this. “Archiving practices have changed greatly since the 1970s,”says Kapsalis. “and we keep our high value documents in a safe that I don’t even have access to.”51.What happened to Darwin’s letter in the 1970s?A. It was recovered by the FBI.B. It was stolen more than once.C. It was put in the archives for research purposes.D. It was purchased by the Smithsonian Archives.52. What did the FBI do after the recovery of the letter?A. They proved its authenticity.B. They kept it in a special safe.C. They arrested the suspect immediately.D. They pressed criminal charges in vain.53.What is Darwin’s letter about?A. The evolution of Yellowstone National Park.B. His cooperation with an American geologist.C. Some geological evidence supporting his theory.D. His acknowledgement of help from a professional.54. What will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do with the letter according to Kapsalis?A. Reserve it for research purposes only.B. Turn it into an object of high interest.C. Keep it a permanent secret.D. Make it available online.55.What has the past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?A. Growing interest in rare art objects.B. Radical changes in archiving practices.C. Recovery of various missing documents.D. Increases in the value of museum exhibits.。
英语四级CET4历年真题及答案
2006-2009年大学英语四级真题试卷2009年6月大学英语四级真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Free admission to museums1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么2. 也会带来一些问题3. 你的看法Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes):How Do You See DiversityAs a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise.He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I real ized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .？“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce.I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same prof ession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops on supervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a who le person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender .“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce .“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop, “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .(“He patiently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on the Chinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuming he had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions , and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture .“Attending the d iversity workshop helped me realize how much I could learn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees , rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Doug admits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learning how to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.”A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizations internally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improve sales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . One of the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard the stereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends , etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selves to think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all ofus ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone .1.What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidateA)He j ust wouldn’t look her in the eye.B)—C)He was slow in answering her questions.D)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.E)His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant .2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to theauthorA) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.^B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLCA) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that .A) He had hired the wrong person.，B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshopA) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ diverse needs.^7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request forleaveA)He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB)He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ works hops, the participants came to know the importance ofto their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achievediversity and benefit from the between us.Part IV Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the writing process 48and difficult.:How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- 49 English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step 56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command ofThe January fashion show, called FutureFashion , exemplified how far green design has come. Organized by the New York-based nonprofit Earth Pledge, the show inspired many top designers to work with sustainable fabrics for the first time. Several have since made pledges to include organic fabrics in their lines.The designers who undertake green fashion still face many challenges. Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to fine . “Most designers with existing labels are finding there ar en’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and shat your customers are used to,” he says. For example, organic cotton and non-organic cotton are virtually indistinguishable once woven into a dress. But some popular synthetics, like stretch nylon, still have few eco-friendly equivalents.Those who do make the switch are finding they have more support. Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs(企业家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable . It now counts more than 50 green designers, up from fewer than a dozen two years ago. This weekWal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional(过渡型的) cotton at higher prices , thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material . “Mainstream is about to occur,” says Hahn.Some analysts(分析师) are less sure . Among consumers, only 18%are even aware that ecofashion exists, up from 6% four years ago. Natalie Hormilla, a fashion writer, is an example of the unconverted consumer, when asked if she owned any sustainable clothes, she replied: “Not that I’m aware of.” Like most consumers, she finds little time to shop, and when she does, she’s on the hunt for “cute stuff that isn’t too expensive.” By her own admission, green just isn’t yet on her mind. But –thanks to the combined efforts of designers, retailers and suppliers –one day it will be.&57. What is said about FutureFashionA) It inspired many leading designers to start going green.B) It showed that designers using organic fabrics would go far.C) It served as an example of how fashion shows should be organized.D) It convinced the public that fashionable clothes should be made durable.58. According to Scott Hahn, one big challenge to designers who will go organic isthat .A) much more time is needed to finish a dress using sustainable materials .B) they have to create new brands for clothes made of organic materials .>C) customers have difficulty telling organic from non-organic materials .D) quality organic replacements for synthetics are not readily available .59. We learn from Paragraph 3 that designers who undertake green fashion .A) can attend various trade shows free .B) are readily recognized by the fashion worldC) can buy organic cotton at favorable prices .D) are gaining more and more support .60. What is Natalie Hormilla’s attitude toward ecofashion#A) She doesn’t seem to care about it. C) She is doubtful of its practical value.B) She doesn’t think it is sustainable D) She is very much opposed to the idea61. What does the author think of green fashionA) Green products will soon go mainstream.B) It has a very promising future.C) Consumers have the final say.D) It will appeal more to young people.Passage Two}Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand(缕) of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims .The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in you hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.While diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素) . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months.Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.（“It’s not good for pinpointing (精确定位),” Cerling said . “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”62. What is the scientists’ new discoveryA) One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.）B) A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.63. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink” (Line 1,A) Food and drink affect one’s person ality development.B) Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.C) Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.D) Food and drink are indispensable to one’s existence.]64. What is said about the rainfall in America’s WestA) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.65. What did Cerling’s team p roduce in their researchA) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops.@C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair.D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s researchA) It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.B) It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.C) It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.D) It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.：Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan’s car-makers. He’s a young, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable 67 . He used to own Toyota’s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses68 subways and grains . “It’s not inconvenient at all ,” he says 69 , “having a car is so 20th century.”Suda reflects a worrisome 70 in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 71 among the young ,who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 72 mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular ,everything in between is 73 .Last years sales fell percent, percent 74 you don’t count the mini-car market . There have been 75 one-year drops in other nations :sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 76 a tax increase . But experts say Japan is77 in that sales have been decreasing steadily 78 time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from million to million units in 2007.Alarmed by this state o f 79 , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA)80 a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a 81 wealth gap, demographic(人口结构的) changes and 82 lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their 83 longer , replace their cars with smaller ones 84 give up car ownership altogether .JAMA85 a further sales decline of percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer , further consolidation (合并) in the automotive sector is 86 .Part VI Translation (5 minutes)！87. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.88. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (就不会被大雨淋湿了).89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are (更有可能增加体重).90. (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and footballin particular.study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (与缺乏锻炼密切相关)67. A) profit C) income79. A) mess C) growth.:—%2008年6月大学英语四级试题及参考答案、Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。
大学英语四级历年真题及答案(经典版
大学英语四级历年真题及答案英语四级Part ⅠWriting (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2.出现这一现象的原因3.我对这一现象的看法和建议On Excessive PackagingPart ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C）and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Small Schools RisingThis year's list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing.Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency.A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.Size isn't everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embracesdistrict-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签)，such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423-among the top 2% in the country-on Newsweek's annual ranking of America's top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.Although many of Hillsdale's students came from wealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname (绰号) "Hillsjail. " Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, "How did that student graduate?"So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three "houses," romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly(随机地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of "advisory" classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students' success."We're constantly talking about one another's advisers," says English teacher Chris Crockett. "If you hear that yours isn't doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the dean's office, it's like a personal failure." Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95."It was rough for some. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics," says Gilbert "Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them."But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Overthe years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it's easy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they'd like.Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents(地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation."It is impossible to know which high schools are 'the best' in the nation, "their letter read. in part. "Determining whether different schools do or don't offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different measures, including students' overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. And taking into consideration the unique needs of their communities."In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won't be necessary.注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.1．Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of __________.A) ensuring no child is left behindB) increasing economic efficiencyC) improving students' performance on SA TD)providing good education for baby boomers2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools?A)Teachers' workload increased.B)Students' performance declined.C)Administration became centralized.D)Students focused more on test scores.3.What is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation?A)They are usually magnet schools.B)They are often located in poor neighborhoods.C)They are popular with high-achieving students.D)They are mostly small in size.4.What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education?A)Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.B)A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.C)Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.D)Students have to meet higher academic standards.5.Newsweek ranked high schools according to .A)their students' academic achievementB)the number of their students admitted to collegeC)the size and number of their graduating classesD)their college-level test participation6.What can we learn about Hillsdale's students in the late 1990s?A)They were made to study hard like prisoners.B)They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames.C)Most of them did not have any sense of discipline,D)Their school performance was getting worse.7.According to Jeff Gilbert, the "advisory" classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could .A)tell their teachers what they did on weekendsB)experience a great deal of pleasure in learningC)maintain closer relationships with their teachersD)tackle the demanding biology and physics courses8.________is still considered a strength of Newsweek's school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.9.According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use________.10.To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take________.Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B）、C）and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
全国2009年10月自学考试政治学概论试题
课程代码：00312
一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1．马克思主义认为，政治的本质是（）
A．金钱关系B．民族关系
C．阶级关系D．人际关系
2．二战后西方政治学的主要研究方法是（）
A．制度研究法B．法律主义研究法
C．行为主义研究法D．历史主义研究法
3．恩格斯说：“国家的作用是缓和冲突，”其含义是（）
A．国家把社会控制在统治秩序范围内B．国家保持价值中立
C．国家对各阶级不偏不倚D．国家的作用是镇压，把对立阶级消灭
4．从权力结构即政治权力的排列组合形式来看，西方封建社会实行的是（）
A．中央集权制B．三权分立制
C．等级制D．官僚制
5．国家的职能决定于（）
A．国家的政权组织形式B．政治管理形式
C．行政机关组织完善程度D．国家的阶级性质
6．提出“民主是国家形式，是国家形态的一种”的是（）
A．马克思B．恩格斯
C．列宁D．斯大林
7．社会主义国家政权组织形式的第一次尝试是（）
A．十月革命B．巴黎公社
C．苏维埃制D．光荣革命
8．在我国的国家机关体系中，处于最高地位的是（）
A．全国人大B．国家主席
C．中央政府D．最高人民法院
9．在我国司法机关的工作中民主集中制原则又被称为（）
A．权力制约原则B．分工负责原则
C．公开审判原则D．合议制原则
10．在当代国际政治生活中，民族问题主要表现为（）
A．政治压迫B．经济掠夺
C．民族解放D．地区民族冲突
11．下列选项中，属于资产阶级民族政策对外表现的是（）
A．民族联合B．霸权主义
C．和平外交D．多边合作
12．无产阶级政党与资产阶级政党的本质区别是（）
A．政党的阶级属性不同B．政党的竞选方式不同
C．政党行使政权方式不同D．政党体制不同
13．法西斯国家的政党制度属于（）
A．一党独大的多党制B．两党制
C．两极多元格局的多党制D．一党制
14．两党制最初产生于（）
A．英国B．美国
C．德国D．法国
15．在政治社会化过程中，最系统化和规范化的影响因素是（）
A．社会B．家庭
C．学校D．单位
16．《传统社会的消失》一书的作者是（）
A．阿尔蒙德B．莱纳
C．亨廷顿D．科尔曼
17．以亨廷顿为代表的西方政治发展理论认为，政治发展的动力在于（）
A．无产阶级B．中产阶级
C．大资产阶级D．先进的政党
18．革命发生的主观条件是（）
A．革命阶级发动强大革命行动B．广大群众革命积极性的普遍提高
C．统治阶级不能照旧统治下去D．被统治阶级不能照旧生存下去
19．国家对内对外的具体代表和象征是（）
A．固定的领土B．定居的居民
C．政党组织D．统一的政权
20．发展中国家同发达国家间的矛盾被称为（）
A．两大阵营的矛盾B．南北关系矛盾
C．东西关系矛盾D．和平时期矛盾
二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。
错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。
21．马基雅维里在《君主论》一书中所说明的主要观点是（）
A．政治主要是权术活动B．政治活动是不讲道德的
C．政治的根本是权力D．政治是现实的政治活动
E．统治者要遵守诚信
22．道德政治观的主要内容是（）
A．以道德的观点解释政治B．政治的目的追求是道德
C．政治与道德没有明确分野D．强调贤人治国
E．强调以法治国，严刑峻法
23．随着垄断资本主义的发展，资本主义国家所固有的矛盾主要体现在（）A．垄断资本主义国家内部矛盾深化
B．垄断资本直接控制政府
C．垄断资本的国际运动，造成垄断资本主义国家外部矛盾发展
D．以暴力压迫方式为主取代以自由主义方式为主
E．建立以保护垄断集团利益为借口的集权制度
24．社会主义国家的职能包括（）
A．镇压反动阶级B．镇压反动势力的反抗
C．防御帝国主义的侵略和干涉D．解放和发展生产力
E．推动社会全面发展
25．资本主义国家立法机关的主要职权有（）
A．立法权B．公布法律实施权
C．财政同意权D．监督权
E．询问权
26．马克思主义解决民族问题的基本原则是（）
A．进行民族分裂B．实现民族平等
C．实现民族独立D．实现民族团结
E．实现民族融合
27．资产阶级政党的主要特点有（）
A．标榜“超阶级性”B．政党活动以议会为中心
C．组织特征是两极分化D．党内派系斗争合法化
E．坚持“合法反对”和“公平竞争”原则
28．中国政治文化建设的原则是（）
A．以马克思主义为指导B．具有鲜明的时代精神
C．有利于政治制度不断完善D．有利于社会主义现代化建设和民主建设E．兼收并蓄，批判借鉴原则
29．西方政治发展理论的第二发展阶段的代表作品是（）
A．《变化社会中的政治秩序》
B．《政治发展的诸多方面》
C．《比较政治学—发展研究途径》
D．《传统社会的消失》
E．《发展中地区的政治》
30．在国际社会中，一个国家的主权主要体现在国家的（）A．独立权B．自卫权
C．管辖权D．民族自决权
E．平等权
三、名词解释(本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分)
31．神权论
32．垄断资本主义国家
33．单一制
34．弹劾权
35．政治文化
36．“小政府、大社会”
四、简答题（本大题共5小题，共26分）
37．中国封建官僚制的特点。
（4分）
38．我国人民代表大会制度同其他社会主义国家治理形式的不同点。
（5分）39．在资本主义国家的司法体制中，司法机关的职权主要有哪些？（6分）40．政党的功能有哪些？（6分）
41．国家利益及其基本内容。
（5分）
五、论述题（本大题共2小题，共22分）
42．社会主义初级阶段国家的经济基础对国家发展的意义。
（12分）
43．结合我国实际，说明维护国家利益在国际政治关系中的意义。
（10分）。