衡水金卷2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语三(含答案)
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(全国卷3)与答案解析
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（全国卷3）及答案解析第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AWelcome to Holker Hall & GardenVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere--20 minutes, Kendal--25 minutes, Lancaster-- 45 minutes, Manchester-- l hour 30minutesBy rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening timesSunday-Friday(closed on Saturday) 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November.Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: £12.00 £8.00Gropes: £9.00Special EventsProducers Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A.20 minutes.B. 25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens?A. £12.00.B. £9.00.C. £8.00D. £5.5023. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers Market.B. Holker Garden FestivalC. National Garden Day.D. Winter MarketBCities, usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all citiesdevelop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was oneof the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains are sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many whomade it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first20000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in setting down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and g01o sea where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City-its present population is 762.24. What attracted the early settles New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.CWhile famous foreign, architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize -which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture- -on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus （校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves （曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed, “ he said.“Many Ch inese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, “he said.“Today, many Chinese people are lear ning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are," said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined, with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.28. Wang's winning of the prize means that Chinese architects areA. following the latest world trendB. getting international recognitionC. working harder than ever beforeD. relying on foreign architects29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A. Its hilly environment.B. Its large sizeC. Its unique style.D. Its diverse functions.30. What made Wang's architectural design a successA. The mixture of different shapes.B. The balance of East and WestC. The use of popular techniquesD. The harmony of old and new.31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A. Spread them to the world.B. Preserve them at museums.C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.DAdults understand what if feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good Thews is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the pre- holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten is serious about becoming adoctor)For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions. How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball- simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.32. What do the words“more is more”in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B. Enough is enoughC. More money, more worries.D. Earn more and spend more.33. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?A. Saving up for her holidayB.Raising money for a poor girl moneyc. Adding the money to her fund D. Giving the money to a sick mother34 Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?A. To try out an idea.B. To show a parent's loveC. To train his attention.D. To help him start a hobby35.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Take it or Leave itB. A Lesson from KidsC. Live More with LessD. The Pleasure of Giving第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分学校根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
【英语】河北省衡水市2018届高三衡水金卷(一模联考)英语试题
本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the woman probably going now?A. To a restaurant.B. To the office.C. To a meeting.2. What are the two speakers taking about?A. The hotel.B. The driver.C. The visitors3. What does the woman probably mean?A. The film wasn’t enjoyable at all.B. The ending wasn’t very interesting.C. She was too excited to answer the phone.4. What will the weather be like tomorrow?A. Sunny.B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.5. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Buy something.B. Borrow something.C. Return something.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
2018年河北省衡水中学高考英语三模试卷
2018年河北省衡水中学高考英语三模试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．1. Fall in Love With Your Writing With These Books!Write NakedBy Jennifer ProbstWAS: ﹩16.99 NOW: ﹩15.99Bestselling author Jennifer Probst reveals her pathway to success, from struggling as anew writer to signing a seven﹣figure deal．Written in Probst’s unmistakable and honest voice, Write Naked mixes personal essays on craft with down﹣to﹣earth advice on writing romance in the digital age．Just WriteBy James Scott BeliWAS: ﹩17.99 NOW: ﹩10.99Write yourself past fears, doubts and setbacks, using your desire writing excellence to deeply involve yourself in the craft． In Just Write, you’ll learn how to master the nuances （细微差别）of fiction, discover what readers really want, and persevere through the challenges of getting started, conquering writer’s block and dealing with rejection．Damn Fine StoryBy Chuck WendigWAS: ﹩17.99 NOW: ﹩8.99Great storytelling is making readers care about your characters． And to tell a damn fine story, you need to understand why and how that caring happens． Using a mix of personal stories, pop fiction examples and traditional storytelling terms, The New York Times bestselling author Chuck Wendig will help you internalize the feel of powerful storytelling,Fearless WritingBy William KenowerWAS: ﹩16.99 NOW: ﹩15.99Filled with insightful wisdom and practical advice, Fearless Writing teaches you how to accept the inner value of your work, enter a flow state while writing and overcome rejection, delay and other obstacles that prevent your creativity． With FearlessWriting, you’ll find the inner strength to set on a br ave journey and build a lifelong career in the process．（1）Who shares his/her own writing experience with the readers？________A.Chuck Wendig．B.James Scott Beli．C.Jennifer Probst．D.William Kenower．（2）Which book has the highest discount？________A.Write Naked．B.Damn Fine Story．C.Just Write．D.Fearless Writing．（3）What do the tour books have in common？________A.They are written by bestselling authors．B.They show how to overcome rejection．C.They give some practical advice on writing．D.They focus on traditional storytelling terms．【答案】CBC【考点】完形综合阅读理解综合【解析】本文是广告布告类阅读，介绍了关于写作的四本书，对写作给与了实际的建议，介绍了书名，作者，优惠价格及书中内容简介．【解答】（1） C．细节题．根据文章内容，Bestselling author Jennifer Probst reveals her pathway to success， from struggling as a new writer to signing a seven﹣figure deal．由此可知，畅销书作家Jennifer Probst 将她的成名之路与广大的读者分享了，从一个没有经验的写作人到知名的作家的过程都进行了描述．结合选项，故选C．（2）B．数字计算题，根据题干要可知，问的是哪本书的折扣最大，Write Naked：WAS：﹩16.99 NOW：﹩15.99，优惠1美元；Damn Fine Story：WAS：﹩17.99 NOW：﹩8.99，优惠9美元；Just Write：WAS：﹩17.99 NOW：﹩10.99，优惠7美元；Fearless Writing：WAS：﹩16.99 NOW：﹩15.99，优惠1美元；综上可知，Damn Fine Story优惠最大，故答案为B．（3）C．总结归纳题．根据标题Fall in Love With Your Writing With These Books!可知这四本书是关于写作的，所以共同之处在于对写作给与了实际的建议，故答案为C．2. The year 2117 will be an eventful one for art． In May of that year in Berlin, the philosopher﹣artist Jonathon Keats’ “century cameras”﹣ cameras with a 100﹣year﹣long exposure （曝光）time﹣will be brought back from hiding places around the city to have their results developed and exhibited． Six months after that, the Future Library inOslo, Norway, will open its doors for the first time, presenting 100books printed on the wood of trees planted in the distant past of 2017．As Katie Paterson, the creator of the Future Library, puts it: “Future Library is an artwork for future generations．” These projects, more than a century in the making, are part of a new wave of slow art intended to push viewers and Participants to think beyond their own lifetimes．They aim to challenge today’s short﹣term thinking and the brief attention spans of modern consumers, forcing people into considering works more deliberately． In their way, too, they are fighting against modern culture﹣not just regarding money, but also the way in which artistic worth is measured by attention．In a similar fashion, every April on Slow Art Day, visitors are encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a time﹣a tough task for the average museum visitor, who typically spends less than30seconds on each piece of art．Like the Future Library, the century cameras are very much a project for cities, since it’s in cities that time runs fastest and the pace of life is fastest．“Since I started living in acity, I’ve somehow been quite disconnected,” Anne Beate Hovind, the Future Library project manager, who described how working on the library drew her back to the Pace oflife she knew when she was growing up on a farm in her youth, told The Atlantic magazine．（1）According to the first paragraph， what will NOT happenin2117？________A.A camera which was produced 100 years ago will be exhibited．B.The Future Library will be o pen to the public for the first time．C.Photos with a 100﹣year exposure time will be developed and exhibited．D.Books printed on the wood of trees planted in 2017 will be displayed．（2）What can we learn about today’s people’s attitude toward works of art？________A.They consider works deliberately．B.They spend little time on Works．C.They spend much money on works．D.They stare at works for 10 minutes at a time．（3）What is the purpose of the wave of slow art？________A.To advocate creating works of art slowly．B.To protect works of art from being damaged．C.To promote works of art for modern culture．D.To encourage people to pay more attention to works of art．（4）How would Anne Beate Hovind feel about the city life？________A.It’s discouraging．B.It’s dull．C.Its developed．D.It’s busy．【答案】ABDD【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章主要讲述了城市生活太忙碌了．人们很少花时间在欣赏艺术品上．所以慢艺术浪潮的目的是鼓励人们更多地关注艺术作品．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．根据“The year 2117 will be an eventful one for art． In May of that year in Berlin， the philosopher﹣artist Jonathon K eats’ ”century cameras“﹣ cameras witha 100﹣year﹣long exposure （曝光）time﹣will be brought back from hiding places around the city to have their results developed and exhibited”可知根据第一段可知，展出的是相机拍摄的内容，而不是相机本身．故选A．（2）B．细节理解题．根据“In a similar fashion， every April on Slow Art Day， visitorsare encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a time﹣a tough task for the average museum visitor，who typically spends less than30seconds on each piece of art”可知，我们能从今天的人们对艺术作品的态度中了解到，他们很少花时间在欣赏艺术品上．故选B．（3）D．推理判断题．根据“visitors are encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a time”可知，慢艺术浪潮的目的是鼓励人们更多地关注艺术作品．故选D．（4）D．推理判断题．根据“Like the Future Library， the century cameras are very mucha project for cities，since it’s in cities that time runs fastest and the pace of life is fastest．”Since I started living in a city"可知．安妮觉得城市生活太忙碌了．故选D．3. Scientists have been studying how people use money for long．Now they’re finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys．Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money． They gave the monkeys small metal disks（圆片） that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces． The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they d receive a piece of apple in return．If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong． Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments． The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment． Jake always showed the monkeys one apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces．But that’s not necessarily what they gave the monkeys． The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random． Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both pieces only half the time． The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece． Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk． The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison．Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece． But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added ________．Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake．In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they’d end up with more treats． In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like again． When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss． The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they’d rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose．We also sometimes make silly business decisions just t o avoid the feeling that we’re getting less, even when were not． Would you have made the same choices?（1）What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment？________A.The monkeys show certain business sense．B.Business theories can apply to all monkeys．C.People are smarter in terms of finance．D.It’s easy to teach monkeys how to trade．（2）What does a bonus in paragraph 5refer to？________A.A metal disk．B.An apple piece．C.A chance．D.A coin．（3）Why did the monkeys choose to trade more with Jake in the second experiment？________A.Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces．B.Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy．C.Because they didn’t like the feeling of losing．D.Because they get more apple pieces from Jake．（4）What could be the best title for the passage？________A.People’s Business Decision： Lose or Gain？．B.Moneky’s Business Sense： Smart or Silly？．C.Shopping for Bargain： Same or different？．D.Disk for Apple： Who to Trade with？．【答案】ABCB【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了科学家们一直在研究人们如何使用金钱．现在他们发现一些理论可能适用于一群猴子．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．根据文章Jake， on the other hand， always gave exactly what he showed： one piece for each disk． The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison可知专家们可以从第一次实验中得出猴子们表现出一定的商业头脑；故选A．（2）B．细节理解题．根据文章 But now， half the time， Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing， and half the time he added a bonus可知但现在，有一半时间，杰克给了他展示的一片苹果，还有一半的时间他增加了奖金；意为一片苹果；故选B．（3）C．细节理解题．根据文章The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they’d rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose可知猴子在第二次实验中选择与杰克进行更多的交易因为他们不喜欢失败的感觉；故选C．（4）B．细节理解题．根据文章We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we’re getting less，even when we’re not． Would you have made the same choices？可知文章的最佳标题是猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？；故选B4. Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second﹣class citizens．As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation． When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later （and better） one． Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die．Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols． When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals． The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O’s． Then the team switched from real﹣life objects to T﹣shirts printed with X or O symbols． Still, the pigs walked only toward the O﹣shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two﹣dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning．I’ve been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself． At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out﹣think and out﹣feel otheranimals．They’re other primates（灵长目动物）, after all, animals from our own mammalian（灵长目动物） class． Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning． and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions． Long﹣term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks．Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, 1started to wonder: Will the new science of “food animals” bring an ethical （伦理的） revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals． But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat?（1）According to Annie Potts， hens have the ability of________．A.interaction．B.analysis．C.creation．D.abstraction．（2）The research into pigs shows that pigs________．A.learn letters quickly．B.have a good eyesight．C.can build up a good relationship．D.can apply knowledge to new situations．（3）Paragraph 4is mainly about________．A.the similarities between mammals and humans．B.the necessity of long﹣term studies on mammals．C.a change in people’s attitudes towards animals．D.a discovery of how animals express themselves．（4）What might be the best title for the passage？________A.The Inner Lives of Food Animals．B.The Lifestyles of Food Animals．C.Science Reports on Food Animals．D.A Revolution in Food Animals．【答案】BDCA【考点】阅读理解综合【解析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章主要介绍了被我们作为食物的那些动物的内在思想．【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation． When given problems tosolve可知．母鸡有分析能力．故选B．（2）D．细节理解题．根据Still， the pigs walked only toward the O﹣shirted people：they had transferred their knowledge to a two﹣dimensional format， a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning．可知，对猪的研究表明，猪可以将知识应用于新的情况．故选D．（3）C．段落大意题．根据 Long﹣term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society： the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys madeto undergo painful procedure kin laboratories， elephants forced to perform in circuses，and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks．可知，第4段主要是关于人们对动物态度的变化．故选C．（4）A．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了被我们作为食物的那些动物的内在思想．第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．A memorable science projectIf someone tells you to remember a phone number or address， it feels like an easy task at first． You repeat the numbers to yourself， either aloud or in your mind． But after just a few seconds you might find yourself starting to doubt your own memory．（1）_______ Thus， it will try to throw away information that seems old or irrelevant． There are ways of helping our minds retain （记住） information， however， and in this activity you will explore ways that we lose and keep memories．Short﹣term， or working memory，is a way of describing most people’s abilities to stor e a small amount of information for a brief period of time in a readily accessible form （2）_______People don’t have to stop and think to remember something in short term memory．（3）_______Such techniques include visualizing （观察） the information in a surprising way or linking pieces of information together so that one reminds you of the other． In the case of visualizing information， this could be as simple as remembering you parked yourcar on the fifth floor in the D section by picturing five dogs sitting in your car! （4）_______If you need to purchase cereal （谷物）， milk， fruit，cheese and eggs， you could imagine the cereal in a bowl， with milk pouring over it and pieces of fruit ontop． Then imagine cracking an egg over everything，and it’s full of melted chee se! These may seem simple or even silly．（5）_______ In this activity you’ll test the recall of a few friends or family members， and learn a few tricks for improving memory!A． There are many techniques for improving memory．B． Our brain is always seeking new and useful information．C． Short﹣term memory has a short duration but is quickly and easily accessed．D． In addition， linking information could help you remember your grocery list．E． Retaining that information over longer periods of time becomes difficult yet．F． Your short﹣term memory has a limited amount of space to store information．G． However， they are proved to be good ways for improving memory by scientist．【答案】B,C,A,D,G【考点】说明文七选五【解析】本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了如果有人告诉你记住一个电话号码或地址，一开始感觉很简单．你可以大声地或在心里重复这些数字．但几秒钟后，你可能会发现自己开始怀疑自己的记忆力，我们的大脑总是在寻找新的和有用的信息．因此，它会试图抛弃那些看起来陈旧或不相关的信息．有很多方法帮助我们的思想保留（记住）的信息，然而，在这个活动中你会探索，我们失去了和保持记忆．【解答】1﹣5 BCADG（1）B．细节理解题．根据“Thus， it will try to throw away information that seems old or irrelevant因此，它会试图抛弃那些看起来陈旧或不相关的信息”可知此处应填“我们的大脑总是在寻找新的和有用的信息．”．故选B．（2）C．细节理解题．根据“People don’t have to stop and think to remember something in short term memory．人们不需要停下来思考去记住短期记忆中的东西”可知此处应填“短期记忆的持续时间很短，但访问速度很快，也很容易．”．故选C．（3）A．推理判断题．根据“Such techniques include visualizing the information in a surprising way or linking pieces of information together so that one reminds you of the other．这些技术包括以一种令人惊讶的方式将信息可视化，或者将信息片段连接在一起，这样就能让你想起另一个．”可知此处应填“有许多技术可以提高记忆力．”．故选A．（4）D．推理判断题．根据“this could be as simple as remembering you parked your car on the fifth floor in the D section by picturing five dogs sitting in your car这很简单，只要记住你把车停在D区的五楼，想象一下你车里有五只狗”可知此处应填“此外，链接信息可以帮助你记住你的购物清单．”．故选D．（5）G．推理判断题．根据“In this activity you’ll test the recall of a few friends or family members， and learn a few tricks for improving memory在这个活动中，你将测试几个朋友或家人的记忆力，并学习一些提高记忆力的技巧”可知此处应填“然而，科学家们证明它们是改善记忆力的好方法．”．故选G．第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节完形填空（共 20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡，上将该项涂黑．“How dare you!” My anger finally burst out when my son （1）_______ to go to the piano classes for the third time that day． He rolled his eyes at me, which made me even （2）_______． I completely lost my（3）_______and screamed at the top of my lungs, “Enough! You are not my boy anymore!” He didn’t （4）_______ or talk back to me． He responded in（5）_______with a look of helplessness that I had never seen before． He used to cry violently and beg me to（6）_______him． The innocence shining in his big eyes would（7）_______that hot﹣tempered beast in me away in the end．（8）_______．this time…Did what he had done really make me（9）_______? No． Did such anger come entirely from his improper（10）_______? No． Had I ever given it a chance to listen to and（11）_______him? No． My demanding job, my（12）_______housework, my kid’s cry for company…, all formed a minefield（雷区）and all that was needed to（13）_______it up was a fuse（导火索）． My son was the（14）_______．The rest of the day, he （15）_______an outdoor walk, a ride in the park and even his favorite games and just wanted to be alone． I could （16）_______the greatest sorrowand the most true innocence in his eyes． After admitting my own fault, I held this tiny trembling creature （17）_______in my arms, tears swelling in my eyes．For those who believe "Sticks and stones may break the bone, but（18）_______can never hurt anyone", I have a piece of heartfelt advice． Do not try this most powerful weapon（19）_______the people you love． It is （20）_______enough to cut the deepest into a soul．（1）A.refusedB.requestedC.decidedD.demanded（2）A.calmerB.emptierC.happierD.angrier（3）A.breathB.weightC.temperD.thought（4）A.cryB.shoutC.smileD.respond（5）A.doubtB.reliefC.silenceD.surprise（6）A.pardonB.praiseC.abandonD.accompany（7）A.putB.giveC.throwD.drive（8）A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Moreover（9）A.satisfiedB.puzzledC.movedD.annoyed（10）A.adviceB.behaviorC.wordsD.argument（11）A.hugB.blameC.forgiveD.understand（12）A.endlessB.enoughC.importantD.meaningful（13）A.putB.blowC.heatD.bum（14）A.choiceB.answerC.victimD.disaster（15）A.declinedB.sharedC.enjoyedD.accepted（16）A.retellB.forgetC.readD.forecast（17）A.rudelyB.firmlyC.looselyD.casually（18）A.voiceB.wordsC.forceD.feelings（19）A.forB.withC.beyondD.against（20）A.hardB.softC.sharpD.smooth【答案】ADCACADBDBDABCACBBDC【考点】完形综合【解析】作者的儿子不愿意去上钢琴班，作者非常生气，说了一些气话，让两人的关系紧张，作者的姐姐为了缓解他们的关系，让孩子去她那里，作者反思自己没有妥善处理和孩子的关系，不应该用语言伤害孩子．【解答】（1）A．考查动词及语境理解．A． refused拒绝； B． requested要求； C． decided 决定；D． demanded 要求；根据前文How dare you!" My anger finally burst out 可知作者的儿子拒绝去钢琴班让作者很生气，故答案为A．（2）D．考查形容词及语境理解．根据前文My anger finally burst out 及even一词可知儿子向作者翻白眼让他更是生气，故答案为D．（3）C．考查名词及语境理解．根据下文at the top of my lungs，“Enough! You are not my boy anymore!”可知作者彻底是发火了，故答案为C．（4）A．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文He used to cry violently 可知这次儿子没有哭也没有说话，故答案为A．（5）C．考查名词及语境理解．根据下文He used to cry violently and beg me 可知儿子这次是用沉默来作出回应，眼中充满了绝望，故答案为C．（6）A．考查动词及语境理解．A． pardon 原谅；B． praise称赞； C． abandon 放弃；D． accompany 陪伴；根据下文hot﹣tempered beast in me away in the end可知以前儿子会哭泣并乞求作者原谅，故答案为A．（7）D．考查动词及语境理解．根据The innocence shining in his big eyes would（7）that hot﹣tempered beast in me away in the end可知在他大眼睛里闪耀着的天真，最终会把作者心中那只暴躁的野兽赶走，故答案为D．（8）B．考查副词及语境理解．根据前文及（8）．this time…可知然而，这一次，儿子没有那样做，而是沉默对待，前后为转折关系，故答案为B．（9）D．考查形容词及语境理解．根据Did what he had done really make me（9）？No．可知儿子做的事情确实让自己气恼了了吗，答案是不，故答案为D．（10）B．考查名词及语境理解．根据Did such anger come entirely from his improper （10）可知作者的愤怒是来自孩子不当的行为吗，故答案为B．（11）D．考查动词及语境理解．根据Had I ever given it a chance to listen to and（11）him可知作者没有给儿子机会去解释，自己也没有去理解孩子，故答案为D．（12）A．考查形容词及语境理解．根据My demanding job， my（12）housework，my kid’s cry for company…可知作者非常忙碌，那么此处是做不完的家务，故答案为A．（13）B．考查动词及语境理解．根据all formed a minefield（雷区）and all that was needed to（13）it up was a fuse可知所有这些都形成了一个雷区，而炸毁它所需要的只是一根引信，故答案为B．（14）C．考查名词及语境理解．根据前文all formed a minefield（雷区）可知儿子成了受害者，故答案为C．（15）A．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文an outdoor walk， a ride in the park and even his favorite games and just wanted to be alone可知儿子拒绝了散步，骑车甚至是游戏，故答案为A．（16）C．考查动词及语境理解．根据下文the greatest sorrow and the most true innocence in his eyes可知我能读懂他眼中最大的悲伤和最真实的天真，故答案为C．（17）B．考查副词及语境理解．A． rudely粗鲁地； B． firmly结实地； C． loosely松散地； D． casually 随意地；根据After admitting my own fault， I held this tiny trembling creature （17）in my arms可知承认了自己的过错后，作者把这个颤抖的小东西紧紧地抱在怀里，故答案为B．（18）B．考查名词及语境理解．根据Sticks and stones may break the bone， but（18）can never hurt anyone可知，树枝和石头可以折断骨头，但言语绝不能伤人，故答案为B．（19）D．考查介词及语境理解．根据 Do not try this most powerful weapon（19）the people you love可知永远不要将这个武器用于你爱的人身上，故答案为D．（20）C．考查形容词及语境理解．根据It is （20）enough to cut the deepest into a soul 可知可知它很锋利，这会刺入灵魂深处，故答案为C．第二节（每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
衡水金卷2018届高三大联考word答案全英语
A.Find a taxi.B.Call Jack's family.C.Stay with Jack.
2.What does the woman think of the restaurant?
A.It’s the worst one.B.It's the best one.C.It’s just so-so.
A.About 10 km.B.About 15 km.C.About 20 km.
11.What was the matter with the man?
A.He didn't have modern equipment.
B.He had difficulty in breathing sometimes.
5.How does the woman usually go to work?
A.On foot.B.By bus.C.By taxi.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
3.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Life attitudes.B.Making friend.C.Only children.
4.Where are the speakers?
A.At a department store.B.At the airport.C.At a restaurant.
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语全国卷3(精校版 答案)
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结東后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题15分，满分7．5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A. £19.15B. £9.18.C. £9.151. What does John find difficult in learning German?A. Pronunciation.B. V ocabulary.C. Grammar.2. What is probable relationship between the speakers?A. ColleagueB. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A restaurant.B. A street.C. A dish.5. What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
(完整word)2018年英语高考全国卷三(含答案),推荐文档
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标III卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.What does John find difficult in learning German?A .Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about?A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.5.What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2018年英语高考全国卷三(含答案)
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标III卷)英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.2。
回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1。
5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19。
15. B。
￡9。
18. C.￡9。
15.1.What does John find difficult in learning German?A 。
Pronunciation.B。
V ocabulary。
C。
Grammar.2。
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B。
Brother and sister。
C. Teacher and student.3。
Where does the conversation probably take place?A。
In a bank。
B. At a ticket office。
C。
On a train.4。
What are the speakers talking about?A.A restaurant。
B。
A street。
C.A dish。
5。
What does the woman think of her interview？A. It was tough。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真卷(三)英语试题-含答案
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真卷英语（三）本试卷共12页。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the woman go first?A. To the beach.B. To the bank.C. To the bathroom.2. What does the woman mean?A. The man forgot to do his hair.B. The man forgot to put on a tie.C. The man is wearing clothes that don’t match.3. How does the woman probably feel?A. Annoyed.B. Hungry.C. Excited.4. Why didn’t the man answer the phone?A. He lost it.B. He didn’t hear it.C. His phone ran out of power.5. Who did the woman want to call?A. James.B. Drake.C. Daniel.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
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衡水金卷2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语三（含答案）本试题卷共8页。
全卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AWhizzfizzing FestivalOne of the “Home Counties” to the north and west of London, Buckinghamshire is known for the rolling Chiltern Hills, its pretty villages, and the much-loved children’s author Roald Dahl.The writer who penned Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, The Witches, Matilda and The Big Friendly Giant is the i9nspiration for the Whizzfizzing Festival –which will transform the market-town of Aylesbury into all kinds of music, colour and fun on Saturday, 1 July.Formerly known as The Roald Dahl Festival, this year’s event will celebrate a broad range of children’s films and bring to life some of its best-loved characters – from Alice in Wonderland and the Gruffala to The Big Friendly Giant and Harry Potter.Things to see and doThe fun and festivals start at 11 a.m. with a colourful children’s parade. More than 650 local school children and teachers, many in fancy dress, will march through the town carrying giant carnival puppets（木偶）, with thousands of audiences lining the streets to watch.The parade will be followed with a range of child-friendly activities and workshops held in venues across the town.Don’t be late for the Mad Hatters Tea Party in the Bucks County Museum, catch a splendid screening of a Roald Dahl movie in the Old Court House, and watch leading children’s authors, including Julian Clary, give readings in the Market Square.CBeebies’ children’s chef Katy Ashworth will once again be cooking up a storm with her inter-activeConcoction Kitchen, located outside Hale Leys Shopping Centre. Little chefs will have lots of opportunities to get involved with preparing, cooking – and best of all, tasting – Katy’s fabulous recipes.With hands-on arts and crafts workshops, storytelling sessions, live music, a fancy dress competition, street theatre and more, there is something for everyone.For more information, visit:http://www.aylesburyvaledc . /cylesbury-whizzfizzing- festival-inspired- roald-dahl1. Who is Whizzfizzing Festival intended for?A. Children.B. Film stars.C. Publishers.D. Children’s authors.2. Which film was made from Roald Dahl’s work?A. Gruffalo.B. Harry Potter.C. Alice in Wonderland.D. The Big Friendly Giant.3. Which of the following best describes Whizzfizzing Festival?A. Varies.B. Global.C. Boring.D. Ordinary.4. What type of writing is this text?A. An exhibition guide.B. An art show review.C. An announcement.D. An official report.BWhen I was ten years old I went to the USA to visit some family friends. I noticed something funny about the way everyone spoke English.One moment! I remember very clearly was at the beginning of the holiday, when my friend asked me if I wanted to order “French fries”. I couldn’t imagine what they were. She was amazed that I had never tried them and she ordered a portion forus to share. When the waiter brought us some chips, I asked her where the French fries were. She pointed at the plate of chips! Later that week she said she was going to buy some “chips” from the supermarket. She came out with a packet of crisps （薯片）! How come?During that holiday we were also offered “biscuits” with our lunch. This was a very strange idea to me, because in England biscuits are sweet. I later realized that “biscuits” in America are salty snacks. What we call “biscuits’, they call “cookies”.I was also embarrassed when a stranger told me she liked my “pants”. I wondered how she could see them! My mum then told me that they call “pants” what we call “trousers”, the outer clothing that you wear on your legs instead of inside clothing!I was disgusted when I saw an “eggplant” pizza on the menu in a restaurant. But I was puzzled how eggs can grow on plants. My dad ordered this pizza and it was covered in aubergines（茄子）. “They call aubergines ‘eggplant’ in America!”he told me.I think part of the excitement of learning a language is learning about the differences that exist in how it is spoken in different places.5. What is the text mainly about?A. A visit to the United States.B. Difficulties in speaking English.C. Ways to speak English correctly.D. Different English in different places.6. How did the author feel when his friend bought crisps?A. Excited.B. Puzzled.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappointed.7. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4?A. Legs.B. Jewels.C. Trousers.D. Underclothes.CMany people wrongly think that cities don’t have farms and fruits and vegetables are only grown in the country. Believe it or not, there are more urban farms popping up in cities all over the world.Alexandra Sullivan, a food systems researcher in New York, studies urban agriculture. Urban agriculture is another name for farming and gardening in a city environment. Ms. Sullivan studies everything from tiny gardens in empty lots between buildings to bigger fields that have been planted and grown. According to Ms. Sullivan, “Urban agriculture has existed since cities have, across the world.”The number of humans living in urban areas, or cities, is increasing. The amount of people who wanted to garden in urban areas is also rising. Ms. Sullivan says, “In small gardens, on rooftops and indoors, city residents grow fruits, vegetables, grains, and herbs, and raise animals to produce milk, eggs, honey, and meat. City residents use these foods as supplements to food produced by rural agriculture.”Even though some people who live in urban areas grow crops, urban residents still need to rely on food grown in rural areas. This is because a city doesn’t have enough space to grow enough food for everyone living in it.In New York City, urban farmers have come up with many different ways to grow their own produce, even though there isn’t a lot of room. For example, Brooklyn Grange is a farming operation that has two rooftop vegetable farms in New York City. All together, the farms are made up of 2.5 acres of rooftop space. This makes Brooklyn Grange one of the largest rooftop farming operations in the world.Brooklyn Grange grows all kinds of things. The farming company sells its vegetables to local residents and restaurants. And because the farms are on rooftops, they are specially adapted to their urban location. They use available space that is not needed for anything else. As more urban farmers find ways to grow food in cities, urban residents will be better able to get fresher materials for their meals.8. Which of the following is Ms. Sullivan’s opinion about urban agriculture?A. Urban agriculture has developed recently.B. Urban agriculture takes too much city space.C. Urban agriculture has a history as long as cities.D. Urban agriculture can take the place of rural agriculture.9. For traditional agriculture, urban agriculture is a(n) ________.A. modelB. additionC. competitorD. replacement10. What can we learn about urban farms from the text?A. Urban farms have large farming areas.B. Urban farms can only grow single products.C. Urban farms cannot be transformed into other usage.11. What is the author’s opinion on the urban farms?A. Critical.B. Positive.C. Worried.D. Confused.DWorld Elephant Day is the perfect time to find out more about these amazing animals and what we can do to preserve them so they do not go the way of the mammoth （猛犸象）.World Elephant Day was created in 2011 by two Canadian filmmakers Patricia Sims and Thailand’s Elephant Reintroduction Foundation and was first celebrated on August 12, 2012. They made the documentary Return to the Forest, a fascinating 30 minute film about the reintroduction of caught Asian elephants to the wild.Currently, the demand for ivory（象牙）is becoming bigger and bigger, whose price is higher than that of gold, making elephants bigger targets than ever. Habitation loss is also a danger to the world’s elephant population as it robs elephants of the hundreds of pounds of food they need every day, making it more difficult for them to breed and making it easier for hunters to track them down. Circuses and tourism are also serious threats to the animals’ well-being.The best way to celebrate this day is to take the opportunity to educate yourself about these magnificent（巨大的）mammals and share your knowledge with others. As ever, simply spreading the word about the dangers these magnificent mammals face via social media can actually make a real change. Expose that “training” elephants often involves tying and beating them daily for months on end. If you want to geta bit more involved, you could choose to make a donation to a foundation dedicated to protecting elephants from hunters or relocating them to locations better suited to their needs.Whichever way suits you best, make sure that you spend this day in a way that helps elephants all over the world, so we, in turn, can continue to wonder at them and their uniquely fascinating way of life.12. What is the main purpose of World Elephant Day?A. To collect donations for elephants.B. To do researchers on elephants’ life.C. To protect the elephants from extinction.D. To make films about all kinds of elephants.13. Which of the following is the biggest threat to elephants?A. Human being.B. Severe climate.C. Natural environment.D. Limited food resource.14. What does the author advise doing to celebrate World Elephant Day?A. Watching the elephant shows.B. Making your own films about elephants.C. Appealing to focus on elephant protection.D. Traveling to Thailand to ride trained elephants.15. According to the text, what is the best way to protect elephants?A. Supplying enough food for elephants.B. Catching and raising elephants in the cages.C. Replacing elephants in suitable wild habitations.D. Attracting elephants to live together with human beings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。