Israel-Gaza Volleys Take Civilian Toll
21世纪工程硕士英语综合教程下册第六单元翻译
Unit 6仅为人类拯救自然对环境的意识和敏感，是今天作为一位文明社会成员所必备的态度，就如同我们具有民主的信念一样。
可由于从Ted Turner 到George Bush的每个人，从Dow 到Exxon 的每个公司都公开声称热爱地球母亲，问题是面对着如此众多以环保为名却又相互矛盾的法令法规，规章制度，提案计划，我们如何决断？很显然，并不是每件以环保为名的提议都值得一做。
我们怎么进行选择呢？有个简单的办法。
首先，我们将环保分为奢侈性环保和必须性环保。
奢侈性环保是指如果不花代价我们拥有会非常高兴的东西。
必须性环保是指无论付出多大的代价我们都得拥有的东西。
然后，应用相应的规则。
这个规则我们称之为理智环保主义，它的基本法则是：和直接威胁人们健康和安全的生态变化斗争是必须环保。
其他所有的都是奢侈性环保。
例如：保护大气层――停止臭氧层的消耗和温室效应――就是必须环保。
据科学家们四月份的报告,臭氧层破坏导致的危害比先前人们认识到的要严重得多。
臭氧层耗尽不仅仅会引发皮肤癌，而且会摧毁人类需要的食物链的底层的浮游生物。
虽然温室效应的结果更多的是建立在推测的基础上，但其可能的结果确实是致命的：正在融化冰盖，已经被淹没的海岸线，气候失常，平原干涸，最后，导致饥荒。
美国的中西部是世界的大粮仓。
难道我们愿意看到依阿华州变成新墨西哥州那样的沙漠气候？还是西伯利亚的气候变的象依阿华州？臭氧层耗尽和温室效应是人类的灾难。
它们碰巧出现在环境中。
非常紧急是因为其直接威胁到人类的生存。
理智环保主义，这种唯一会赢得全体公众支持的的环境保护主义，出发点就是自然服务于人类。
理智环保主义是完全以人类为中心的：它要求人类去保护自然，但仅仅是为了保护人类自身。
理智环保主义可不为了地球感情用事。
它不要求人们为其他生物去做牺牲。
毕竟，要人们为其他人牺牲自我都是很难的。
（想想公众因反对对外国进行援助和提供福利,而进行的长期抵制吧。
）当然，这种人类中心说和现如今那类将地球上升到偶像来崇拜的环保主义是格格不入的。
VOA英语文本
Top News Stories of Two-Thousand-Four 01-01I'm Steve Ember with In the News in VOA Special English.This week we tell about some of the biggest news stories of two thousand four. We start in Asia, with what is being described as one of the worst natural disasters ever.Last Sunday, huge waves moved across the Indian Ocean and flooded coastal areas across southern and southeast Asia to East Africa. The waves were caused by one of the most powerful earthquakes ever recorded, measuring nine on the Richter Scale.The countries hardest hit were Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand. More than one hundred thousand people are reported dead. Millions of people have been left homeless.Two thousand four was also filled with news about the war in Iraq and daily reports of violence in the country. Militants increased their attacks against American soldiers, Iraqi police officers and civilians working with the United States. American-led forces battled militants in the cities of Fallujah and Najaf. In May, news organizations around the world reported about the mistreatment of Iraqis by American soldiers at Abu Ghraib prison.More than one thousand American soldiers have been killed in Iraq since the war began almost two years ago. And the number of Iraqis killed is reportedly many times higher.Terrorism was a top story in other parts of the world. In March, suspected Islamic militants exploded bombs on crowded passenger trains in Madrid, Spain. About two hundred people were killed. Days later, Spanish voters defeated the country's conservative government, which had supported the American-led war in Iraq.In September, armed Chechen militants seized more than one thousand children, parents and teachers in a school in Beslan, Russia. The seizure ended in gunfire and explosions after days of negotiations. More than three hundred people were killed, most of them children.The African nation of Sudan was in the news because of a major humanitarian crisis in the Darfur area. Reports said government-supported Arab militants killed more than seventy thousand people in a two-yearcampaign of violence against black tribal farmers. More than one million people have been displaced from their homes.Two thousand four was also a year of historic political elections. In Afghanistan, voters elected Hamid Karzai in the country's first presidential election. Voters in the United States re-elected George W. Bush after a hard fought presidential campaign against the Democratic Party candidate, John Kerry.And a political crisis eased in Ukraine after the Supreme Court cancelled the election victory of Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych. The court decided there had been widespread cheating and ordered a new presidential election. Opposition candidate Viktor Yushchenko won that election on Sunday and has promised democratic changes in Ukraine.In the News, in VOA Special English, was written by Cynthia Kirk. This is Steve Ember.Aid for Tsunami Victims 01--02I'm Steve Ember with In the News in VOA Special English.Kofi Annan says helping survivors of the earthquake and killer waves in the Indian Ocean last week is a race against time. The United Nations secretary-general says countries that have offered aid must hurry and provide it. The offers add up to around four thousand million dollars. United Nations officials say one-fourth of that is needed during the next six months. The concern about offers of international aid is based on history. For example, the earthquake in Bam, Iran, in December of two thousand three killed more than twenty-six thousand people. Countries and groups offered hundreds of millions of dollars worth of assistance. The United Nations says it has confirmed only about seventeen million dollars in aid received so far. Governments and organizations that offered help dispute that, however.On Thursday Mister Annan met with world leaders in Jakarta, Indonesia to discuss aid for victims of the tsunami. The leaders discussed and welcomed the idea of suspending some debt owed by affected nations. But the leaders did not say they would do so. Some said that making direct payments to survivors would be more helpful.The top U.N. aid official, Jan Egeland, has said the number of dead will be "much bigger" than one hundred fifty thousand. The World Health Organization says about a half-million people are injured. Millions more are homeless. TheW.H.O. has called for clean water along with food and medicines needed to help prevent the spread of disease.Australia has offered eight hundred ten million dollars in aid. The European Union says it will provide four hundred sixty-six million dollars in aid. Germany, Japan and the United States follow in their amounts offered. American military forces are also providing services.Representatives of twenty-six countries and international organizations attended the meeting in Jakarta. Officials say they will cooperate to develop a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea.A small group of countries including the United States began to direct aid efforts after the events of December twenty-sixth. Now American officials say the group is being suspended so the United Nations can start to take control. The earthquake measured nine on the Richter scale. The quake and resulting waves proved most deadly on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. More than one hundred thousand people are reported dead there.On Friday, American Secretary of State Colin Powell expressed shock at the destruction caused by the earthquake and waves. The same day, Kofi Annan flew by helicopter over western Sumatra and visited Meulaboh. About four thousand bodies were discovered in that town Friday. Mister Annan said he had never seen such destruction as he saw on Sumatra. In his words, "Where are the people?"In the News, in VOA Special English, was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.Middle East Peace Prospects 01--03I'm Steve Ember with In the News in VOA Special English.A Palestinian attack on Israelis at a border crossing has added to the pressures Mahmoud Abbas will face in his new job. The attack came two days before the swearing-in ceremony for the next president of the Palestinian Authority.A truck bomb exploded Thursday at the Karni crossing between Israel and Gaza. Then gunmen killed six Israeli civilians and seriously wounded five others. Three groups took responsibility: Hamas, the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades and the Popular Resistance Committees.Later, Israeli helicopters raided a target in Gaza linked to militants. Goods enter Gaza through the Karni crossing. After the militant attack, Israel closed all border crossings with Gaza.On Friday, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon ordered that all communication with the Palestinian Authority be cut. He said communications would stop until the new Palestinian President controls militants and halts attacks. The announcement came hours before Mahmoud Abbas was to be sworn-in.Yasser Arafat was Palestinian Authority president until his death in November. Israel and the United States had refused to negotiate with him as attacks against Israel continued.The peace plan known as the road map calls for Israel and the Palestinians to take steps toward an independent Palestine. The plan is meant to end more than four years of most recent violence.World leaders say the election Sunday of Mister Abbas offers new possibilities for peace. He received sixty-two percent of the vote. He defeated independent candidate Mustafa Barghouti and five others.The Israeli Prime Minister congratulated Mister Abbas. Both sides expressed support for a meeting, but did not set a date. President Bush said he would welcome the new Palestinian leader to Washington if he wants to come. Israeli lawmakers this week narrowly approved a new government. Most cabinet members support the plan by Israel to withdraw from Gaza and part of the West Bank this year.Mister Abbas has said attacks against Israel make life harder for Palestinians. He also says he would not use force against militants, but would try to negotiate a truce.A Hamas official told the Associated Press that Egypt has renewed a proposal for a one-year suspension of attacks. Hamas boycotted the presidential election, but may join legislative elections in July.After the Karni attack, Reuters news agency reported that several thousand marchers celebrated in the Jabalya refugee camp in Gaza.But the head of a Palestinian research group says the majority of people, especially in Gaza, support Mister Abbas. Mahdi Abdel Hadi says the people are tired of violence. In his words, "They are looking for this small window of fresh air and warm sun to come through the Palestinian election."In the News in VOA Special English was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.Iraqi Elections 01--04This is Steve Ember with In the News in VOA Special English.On Sunday, for the first time in almost fifty years, Iraq will hold parliamentary elections with more than one party competing. Some Iraqis have already been voting in other countries.Around fourteen million names are on voter lists in Iraq. Voters face threats of violence from groups like the one that calls itself al-Qaida in Iraq. On Friday, Iraqi officials announced the arrests of three top aides to its Jordanian-born leader, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.Iraqi soldiers and police will guard voting centers. United States officials say American troops will be prepared to assist.The election is to choose two hundred seventy-five members for what is called a Transitional National Assembly.One of the duties of this temporary assembly will be to name a three-member presidency council. Another duty is to write a constitution. If Iraqis approve the constitution in October, then they will elect a new government at the end of the year.On Sunday, Iraqis will vote from a single national ballot. They will choose lists of candidates representing parties or coalitions. Seats will be divided in the National Assembly based on the share of votes that a list receives. A goal is to have women in at least one-fourth of the seats.Many political groups are competing. Commentators say the United Iraqi Alliance appears to have the strongest support. A Shiite Muslim leader, Abdul Aziz al-Hakim, heads the candidate list.The alliance wants Iraq to be an Islamic state with a federal government. The alliance has the support of the highest religious leader in Iraq, Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani. Its candidate list is mainly Shiite. Iraq is about sixty percent Shiite. But the list also contains other religious and ethnic groups including Iraqi Kurds and ethnic Turkmens.Another group of candidates that may do well in the voting is called the Iraqi List. Its candidates are Shiite and Sunni. Iyad Allawi, now the temporary prime minister of Iraq, heads this list.About twenty percent of Iraqis are Sunni. Some Sunnis have called for a boycott of the voting. Their Iraqi Islamic Party withdrew its candidate list from the election. Members said the security situation was too threatening.President Bush has urged Iraqis to vote. So has the president of Afghanistan, Hamid Karzai. On Friday he urged Iraqis to follow the example of the Afghan people. Mister Karzai called the election a necessary risk to bring order to Iraq.And, in Washington, Condoleezza Rice was sworn in Friday as secretary of state. She was national security adviser to the president. Miz Rice replaces Colin Powell who resigned.At her confirmation hearings, some Democratic senators condemned her handling of the war in Iraq. They said she used bad judgment and misled the public about the reasons for going to war. On Wednesday the Senate voted eighty-five to thirteen to confirm Miz Rice as secretary of state.In the News, in VOA Special English, was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.Bush Discusses Middle East Policy in 01--05State of the Union SpeechThis is Steve Ember with In the News in VOA Special English.American Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice will meet with Israeli and Palestinian leaders before those leaders hold talks next week. Her trip is part of the Middle East peace efforts that President Bush discussed this week in his State of the Union speech.Miz Rice is to meet with Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon in Jerusalem on Sunday. She visits Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas in the West Bank on Monday.Then, on Tuesday, Mister Abbas and Mister Sharon are to meet in Sharm-el-Sheikh, Egypt. It will be the first time Israeli and Palestinian leaders have met in more than four years. Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak is holding the talks. King Abdullah of Jordan also is expected to take part.President Bush announced that he will ask Congress for three hundred fifty million dollars for the Palestinians. He said the money would go for political, security and other reforms. In his words: "The goal of two democratic states, Israel and Palestine, living side by side in peace is within reach – and America will help them achieve that goal."In his speech Wednesday night in Congress, Mister Bush also called for greater freedoms in other parts of the Middle East. He said reform is already taking hold from Morocco to Jordan to Bahrain.He called on Saudi Arabia to give its people more power to decide their future. And he spoke of Egypt, another American ally, which he called "a great and proud nation." He said, "Egypt, which showed the way toward peace in the Middle East, can now show the way toward democracy in the Middle East."In much stronger language, Mister Bush said that Syria still permits its territory and parts of Lebanon to be used by terrorists. And he said Iran remains the world's main state supporter of terrorism. He said Iran is seeking nuclear weapons while denying its people freedom. The president had a message for Iranians. "As you stand for your own liberty," he said, "American stands with you."In London Friday, reporters asked Secretary Rice if the United States might ever attack Iran. In her words: "The question is simply not on the agenda at this point." She said diplomatic steps remain. Miz Rice is on her first trip as top American diplomat. London was the first stop among European capitals.In his State of the Union speech, the president praised the Iraqi people for voting in elections. He said terrorists are trying to destroy the hope that Iraqis expressed. Millions of people voted Sunday for a new Transitional National Assembly.Leaders of the opposition Democrats in Congress criticized Mister Bush for not saying when American troops will leave Iraq.The president introduced an Iraqi human rights activist whose father was killed by the Saddam Hussein government. Safia Taleb al-Souhail shared an emotional hug with another guest, Janet Norwood, the mother of a United States Marine killed in battle in Iraq.In the News in VOA Special English was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.Israeli-Palestinian Truce; 01--06Historic Elections in Saudi ArabiaI'm Steve Ember with In the News in VOA Special English.Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon met in Egypt this week and declared a cease-fire. The meeting Tuesday was the first in more than four years between leaders of the two sides. The current violence between Palestinians and Israelis began in September of two thousand.Both men spoke of increased chances for peace. But violence resurfaced on Thursday. Members of Hamas fired shells and rockets at Jewish settlements in Gaza, although no one was hurt.Mister Abbas had deployed a large security force in the area to prevent attacks on Israelis. After the shelling, he dismissed three top security officials. Israel praised the action. But cabinet members said Israel would have to act if the Palestinians cannot control the situation.Hamas said it was not trying to break the cease-fire. It said the attack was in answer to the killing of a Palestinian in Gaza on Wednesday.Israel has been urging Mister Abbas to disarm militant groups. On Friday he went to Gaza to demand that they observe the truce announced in Sharm el-Sheikh. Earlier he sent a representative to meet with Hezbollah officials in Lebanon, where that group is based. Palestinian and Israeli officials have both accused Hezbollah of plotting to wreck the cease-fire.In return for Palestinian promises to control violence, Israel said it would free hundreds of Palestinian prisoners within weeks. Israeli also promised to withdraw troops from five West Bank towns.President Bush recently said he would ask Congress for three hundred fifty million dollars for the Palestinians. The money would be used to help them develop an independent state.Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice met separately with Mister Sharon and Mister Abbas this week. Secretary Rice said the United States would give the Palestinians forty million dollars immediately.In other news this week in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia held its first openelections. Candidates competed for half the seats on local councils in the Riyadh area. The national government will choose the other half.Close to two thousand men competed for one hundred twenty-seven seats. Women could not be candidates. They also could not vote. The government said it did not have enough time to set up separate voting stations for them.Still, many voters said the local elections marked the beginning of democratic reforms. The ruling family is under pressure to give Saudis more political power.About one hundred fifty thousand men in and around the capital signed up to vote. Up to six hundred thousand could have registered.Unofficial results were announced Friday. News agencies said Islamist candidates supported by clergy appeared to have won in Riyadh.Elections are set for March and April in other parts of the kingdom.In the News in VOA Special English was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.Syria, Lebanon and the Killing of Rafik Hariri 01--07I'm Doug Johnson with In the News in VOA Special English.President Bush says the United States supports the international investigation that will take place to identify the killers of Rafik Hariri. The former prime minister of Lebanon died Monday in a powerful bomb explosion along a street in Beirut. At least fourteen other people were also killed.Recently Mister Hariri had opposed the large part that Syria takes in Lebanese politics. He called for the withdrawal of Syrian troops. Syria has at least fourteen thousand troops in Lebanon. Syria borders Lebanon on the north and east.Mister Hariri, a Sunni, was a very wealthy builder. He resigned as prime minister last October. He did so after Syria extended the term of the Lebanese president. But Mister Hariri had been expected to run in elections planned this May.His family and the Lebanese political opposition link Syria to the car bombing. Syria denies any involvement. President Bashar al-Assad condemned the murders.Lebanese President Emil Lahoud, a Christian allied with Syria, promised a full investigation. His government says it has asked for help from Swiss and other foreign experts.On Wednesday, an estimated two hundred thousand people attended the funeral for Mister Hariri. His family told President Lahoud and cabinet members not to attend. Protesters shouted "Syria out!" The Beirut newspaper An-Nahar called the funeral "a huge vote for unity and sovereignty."On Friday Lebanese opposition leaders called for a peaceful "uprising for independence." And Lebanon's tourism minister resigned. He said the government was unable to solve what he called the "dangerous situation in the country."On Thursday, President Bush said Syria must honor a United Nations Security Council resolution passed last year. Resolution fifteen-fifty-nine calls for foreign troops to leave Lebanon. Mister Bush described Syria as "out of step" with progress in the Middle East. Syria is not "moving with the democratic movement," in his words.The United States recalled its ambassador to Syria, Margaret Scobey, after the killing of Mister Hariri.His murder comes after years of relative calm in Lebanon. Civil war between Christians and Muslims began in nineteen seventy-five. An Arab force led by Syrian troops intervened in nineteen seventy-six in an effort to end the war. Later, Israel occupied southern Lebanon, staying until two thousand. The civil war was complex and lasted fifteen years.Syria and Lebanon reached a cooperation agreement in nineteen ninety-one. Since the war, the Lebanese have kept a political balance by dividing leadership positions among different religious groups.Rafik Hariri was popular for his efforts to rebuild Lebanon after the war. There are worries that violence could return now that he is gone.In the News, in VOA Special English, was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Doug Johnson.Bush Trip to Europe 01-08I'm Steve Ember with In the News, in VOA Special English.President Bush was in Europe this week for the first time since his re-election in November.On Thursday he met with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. They discussed Russian democracy and the fight against terrorism. The two leaders also said Iran and North Korea should not have nuclear weapons. On Friday Mister Putin told reporters that he is satisfied with the meeting.Bratislava was the last city visited by Mister Bush on his five-day trip to Europe. In addition to Slovakia, he visited Belgium and Germany.President Bush said he placed importance on a free press and observance of the rule of law during his talks with Mister Putin. Mister Putin rejected any suggestions that Russia is restricting democracy. In his words, "There can be no return to what we had before." The Russian leader also says he and Mister Bush are "very close" on a number of issues such as Iraq, Iran and North Korea.They called for speeding up negotiations for Russian entry into the World Trade Organization. They also said they would work together on international ways to improve the safekeeping of nuclear material.An agreement calls for Russia and the United States to share information about improving nuclear security. They are to jointly develop emergency plans to fight nuclear and radiological attacks. And they are to work together to develop a replacement for highly enriched uranium fuel used in research reactors. The goal is to prevent the uranium from being used to make nuclear weapons.On Wednesday, Mister Bush met in Mainz, Germany, with Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder. The German leader had strongly opposed the war in Iraq. But Mister Schroeder says Iraq's future is what is important now.Mister Bush called Europe "America's closest ally." And, he said, "in order for us to have good relations with Europe we have to have good relations with Germany."The two leaders agreed to cooperate on environmental issues, even though the United States is not part of the Kyoto treaty. The United States and Germany are to increase efforts to develop cleaner energy technologies. The aim is to reduce pollution and the industrial gases blamed for atmospheric warming, without limiting economic growth.Several thousand demonstrators marched in Mainz to protest the visit by Mister Bush. There were also protests earlier in Brussels, the headquarters of the European Union and NATO. There, the president met with European Union leaders. And the North Atlantic Treaty Organization announced that all twenty-six of its members would help train Iraqi security forces. But several nations, including Germany, say they only want to do training outside Iraq.In The News, in VOA Special English, was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.I.R.A. Ties Put Pressure on Sinn Fein in 01-09Northern Ireland Peace EffortsThis is Steve Ember with In the News, in VOA Special English.This year is the one hundredth anniversary of Sinn Fein, the main political party for Roman Catholics in Northern Ireland. But these days there is little to celebrate.Sinn Fein serves as the political organization of the Irish Republican Army. And the I.R.A. is being widely condemned over recent cases of robbery and murder. The Irish Republican Army began in nineteen nineteen. This week the American diplomat for Northern Ireland said it is time to "go out of business."On Thursday, the British House of Commons voted to take away the right of parliamentary pay for Sinn Fein members. The party holds four seats in the British Parliament. The European Parliament is considering similar action.Next Thursday is Saint Patrick's Day, an Irish celebration. Gerry Adams, the leader of Sinn Fein, was not invited this year to join President Bush for the traditional observance at the White House. The heads of other political parties in Northern Ireland were not invited either. But White House officials have invited the five sisters of a truck driver killed in January by the I.R.A.In the Gaelic language, Sinn Fein means "we ourselves" or "ourselves alone." The group started in nineteen oh five as a loose coalition of labor organizations. At that time, Britain ruled all of Ireland. Sinn Fein supporters wanted at least some independence from the British.Today the territory is separated into the Irish Republic and Northern Ireland. Most Irish citizens are Roman Catholic. But Northern Ireland is a British province, and the population is mostly Protestant.Years of violence between Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland began in nineteen sixty-nine. Bombings were common. In nineteenninety-seven, the Irish Republican Army declared a ceasefire. Peace talks led to a power-sharing agreement in April of the following year, on the Christian observance of Good Friday.But political troubles continued. In October of two thousand two, British Prime Minister Tony Blair suspended the administration of Roman Catholics and Protestants. Sinn Fein wants a place in any renewed government. But political observers say its efforts are hurt by evidence against the Irish Republican Army.In December, robbers stole up to fifty million dollars from a Belfast bank. Hostages were taken. Investigators found the I.R.A. responsible, which the group denies. The I.R.A. was ordered to pay a large fine.Then, in January of this year, I.R.A. members killed a Roman Catholic truck driver. His name was Robert McCartney. It happened after a dispute at a drinking place in Belfast.In reaction, the I.R.A. expelled some of its members. It also offered to shoot the men who killed Robert McCartney. But his family wants the killers to face justice. In the words of a family member, "Only in a court will the truth come out."In the News, in VOA Special English, was written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.Wolfowitz and the World Bank 01-10I'm Steve Ember with IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English.President Bush this week nominated Paul Wolfowitz to become president ofthe World Bank. The current head of the bank, James Wolfensohn, has held that position for ten years. His second term ends May thirty-first.Mister Wolfensohn announced in January that he would not seek a third term as leader of the development bank. It provides loans, policy advice and other assistance to help countries reduce poverty.Paul Wolfowitz has served in both the State Department and the Defense Department. For the last four years he has been deputy defense secretary under Donald Rumsfeld. Mister Wolfowitz was a major planner of the invasion of Iraq two years ago. He is often called the "architect" of the war.Some aid groups and others criticized the choice of an official so closely linked to the Iraq war to lead the World Bank. European reaction was mixed. Japan welcomed the nomination.Mister Wolfowitz recently traveled to South Asia to see the damage from the earthquake and tsunami waves in December. He helped plan American military assistance to the area.His nomination must be approved by the twenty-four directors of the World Bank. They represent one hundred eighty-four member countries. Traditionally, an American leads the World Bank while a European heads the International Monetary Fund.Paul Wolfowitz has taught at Yale and Johns Hopkins universities. During the late nineteen eighties, he served as ambassador to Indonesia. He won praise as a diplomat.Later, Mister Wolfowitz served as undersecretary of defense for policy under the first President Bush. As such, he developed policy during the Persian Gulf War after Iraq invaded Kuwait in nineteen ninety.In two thousand one he was a leading supporter of military strikes against al Qaida and the Taliban in Afghanistan. That was after the September eleventh terrorist attacks on the United States.Each year, the World Bank provides thousands of millions of dollars to developing countries. Education and health programs often receive money. But critics of the World Bank say programs for the poor are often cut as a result of financial reforms required to get loans. They say rich countries get richer, while poor countries struggle to repay.。
19737126_北非城市的街道
至所未致At the Place阿尔贝·加缪（1913—1960）出生于阿尔及利亚的法国小说家、散文家，曾获得1957年诺贝尔文学奖。
北非城市的街道在阿尔及利亚西北的城市奥兰中，街道注定是尘土飞扬、砾石遍地、酷暑不堪。
若是下雨，这里洪水滔滔，宛如水乡泽国。
然而无论阴雨绵绵还是阳光普照，街头的各种商铺都会一如既往，摆出奢侈荒谬的行头。
欧洲和东方的一切恶俗业已聚集于此。
这里你会找到旋转滑梯、灰色的长腿猎狗、悠然的芭蕾舞演员、狩猎女神戴安娜绿色塑料装的玩具、掷铁饼的人、稻田收割者以及一切生日和婚礼馈赠的小礼物，或一整套摆出痛苦表情的小雕像，它们被有商业头脑的快乐精灵召唤出来并摆到了我们的壁炉前。
但对这种糟糕品味的坚持却有着华丽的一面，这使得你会忘记一切的不快。
这里，满是灰尘的盒子里承装的本是在商店橱窗背后的东西：让人生畏的畸形脚趾的石膏模型、恶作剧称“每幅只要一百五十法郎”的伦勃朗的油画、三色的钱包、十八世纪的彩粉画、长毛绒制的呆板驴儿、有着普罗旺斯之水用于保存绿色橄榄的瓶子以及一个木质的不幸少女雕像。
她的脸上还露着不适宜的微笑，这样没有一个行人会过而不见，“管理层”在她的底座上还插入了一张卡片，上写“木质少女”。
在奥兰，你还能够发现：（1）咖啡馆光滑的柜台上有着少许苍蝇的腿脚和翅膀，老板总是微笑满面，尽管他的咖啡馆常常空无一人；（2）自感光纸发明以来，摄像师的工作室就没有太大的进步。
他们会展示一些街上不易见到的东西，要么是一个倚在桌案的水手人型，要么是田园背景下穿着放肆、搔首弄姿的适龄少女。
我们能够猜到，这不是来源生活的肖像，它们是创造之物；（3）葬礼的摆设也品种繁多，富于教益。
倒不是因为较之它处，奥兰辞世之人更多，但我只是猜测生于奥兰的人们太多。
这个国度，商人的天真烂漫也颇吸引人，甚至在他们打出的广告中也有所展示。
在奥兰一家电影院的传单中，我读到了一则影片广告。
我注意到它用的修饰词语：“奢华”、壮美、不同寻常、令人惊异、瞠目结舌以及“硕大”。
佐佐木英夫 -
露天的 咖啡馆， 以及价 格合理 且美味 的食品。
可移动的椅 桌，使人们 能够舒适可 控的坐在适 当位置。
25英尺高的 瀑布层叠幕 墙，不断地 吸引着游客， 灵动的水声 营造出一种 静谧隐蔽的 氛围。
乔木成荫， 叶子的缝 隙间有美 丽斑驳的 光线洒落。
格里纳克公园被大量使用，但从来不会让人觉得繁忙。
除了创意广场的创新设计，这项规划利用了其 他具有吸引力的创意社区元素。一块投影屏幕 将会为每一家公司在温暖的季节放映节目，而 篝火将会吸引社区居民在一年四季聚会交友。 一座攀岩墙、一些冰壶赛道以及自行车道都会 在任意时间提供运动机会，倡导环保出行。
这种废弃的区域在底特律有很多，但是这一块 却在创意设计下重焕生机。广场和自行车道吸 引了大量行人，开放论坛和竞赛将会召集大量 设计师来为这片社区的创新发展建言建智。通 过创造一片社区中心，TechTown将会重振旗 鼓，成为奇迹。
这里每年有超过450万的游客参观拜访，这已经远远 超出了它当初被设计时的承载能力，于是当地的景观、 道路经受着巨大的压力，而且安全、亲和度等问题也 逐渐显露出来。甚至到最后，倒影池里流动着的仅是 饮用水——由于结构质量日渐恶化，水量流失迫使管 理者每年引入两到三次饮用水，每一次用水量将近 22000吨。美国国家公园管理局邀请佐佐木公司对这 片景观进行升级改造，在保存这座国家级景观形象特 征的同时满足时代需求。通过一系列综合手段，佐佐 木公司解决了亲和度及安全问题，提升了场地的灵活 度，融入了一些可持续解决方案。
几十年来，事务所不断自我完善，并一直是美 国最出色的城市设计、景观设计事务所之一， 应该说，这大部分要归功于其令人称道的设计 理念和工作方法。
英国旅游的英语作文
Travelling to the United Kingdom is an enriching experience,offering a myriad of historical sites,cultural experiences,and natural beauty.Heres an essay on a trip to the UK,highlighting some of the key aspects one might encounter.Title:A Journey Through the United KingdomThe United Kingdom,a land steeped in history and culture,is a destination that offers a unique blend of tradition and modernity.From the bustling streets of London to the serene countryside of the Lake District,the UK is a treasure trove of experiences waiting to be discovered.Arriving in LondonUpon landing at Heathrow Airport,the first glimpse of London is a mix of excitement and awe.The city,with its iconic landmarks such as the Tower Bridge,the Big Ben,and Buckingham Palace,is a testament to its rich history.A walk through the city reveals a vibrant mix of cultures,languages,and architectural styles,from the Gothic grandeur of Westminster Abbey to the modern skyscrapers of the financial district.Exploring Historical SitesA visit to the British Museum is a journey through time,showcasing artifacts from around the world,including the Rosetta Stone and the Elgin Marbles.The Tower of London,with its Beefeaters and the Crown Jewels,offers a glimpse into the monarchys past.The citys numerous galleries and museums,such as the Tate Modern and the National Gallery,are a testament to the UKs contributions to the arts.The Charm of the CountrysideBeyond the city,the UKs countryside offers a serene escape.The rolling hills of the Cotswolds,with their quaint villages and thatchedroof cottages,provide a picturesque setting for a leisurely stroll.The Lake District,home to the works of poets like William Wordsworth,is a haven for nature lovers,with its tranquil lakes and dramatic mountain scenery.Cultural ExperiencesThe UK is not just about sightseeing its also about immersing oneself in the local culture.Attending a traditional afternoon tea is a must,where one can enjoy scones with clotted cream and jam,accompanied by a cup of tea.The pub culture is another integral part of British life,offering a warm and inviting atmosphere to sample local ales and ciders.Culinary DelightsThe UKs culinary scene is diverse,with influences from around the globe.From the classic fish and chips to the innovative fusion dishes found in Londons top restaurants, theres something to suit every palate.The Sunday roast,a traditional meal of roast meat served with vegetables and Yorkshire pudding,is a comforting experience not to be missed.ConclusionA trip to the United Kingdom is a journey through a land of contrasts.Its a place where the past and present coexist,offering a wealth of experiences for the traveler.Whether its the history of London,the tranquility of the countryside,or the warmth of the local culture,the UK leaves a lasting impression on all who visit.In conclusion,the UK is a destination that offers a rich tapestry of experiences.From its historical landmarks to its cultural traditions,it is a country that invites exploration and discovery.For those seeking a blend of history,culture,and natural beauty,the United Kingdom is an ideal destination.。
巴以冲突英文ppt全文
Children as terrorists?
Propaganda is rife from both sides.
Are children really being used as terrorists?- or is this Israel trying to make the Palestinians look immoral?
Israel-cities.
The Jewish people have been very industrious. They have built up large modern cities with efficient infrastructures. At the same time they have not neglected their traditions however. They see these as major reasons why they have survived as a people.
The results-notice the bodies.
Another bus bomb- note the body.
US President George W.Bush. He is shown here as a puppeteercontrolling the Israeli prime Minister. The title shows the belief that Israel’s money comes from the USA.
Soldiers are even fearful of children. What has the child got
in the bags? Is he a terrorist?
时尚女魔头台词中英文对照版
un intérêt pour la mode
est indispensable.
《伸展台》是一本时尚杂志
so an interest in fashion is crucial.
Qu'est ce qui vous laisse penser
que la mode ne m'intéresse pas ?
Then call my ex-husband and remind him the parent-teacher conference is at Dalton tonight.
提醒我前夫今晚有家长座谈会
Et appelez mon mari pour lui dire que
nous d?nons là où j'allais avec Massimo.
我很抱歉，米兰达
我昨晚有确认…
Les détails de votre incompétence
ne m'intéressent pas.
你无能的办事内容我没兴趣听
Details of your incompetence do not interest me.
Dites à Simone que je ne veux pas de cette
No, I don't want dacquoise. I want tortes filled with warm rhubarb compote.
我要有加糖渍蜜饯的果仁蛋糕
Appelez mon ex-mari et rappelez-lui
la rencontre parents-profs à Dalton.
Oui, bien sûr. Qui est Miranda ?
西门子烤箱说明书
Estimado usuario:Acaba de adquirir un producto de gran fiabilidad ysolidez, acompañado de gran contenido tecnológico yuna máxima distribución y reparto uniforme de latemperatura de cocción.Para que este producto goce de la garantía especificadaen este documento, debe exigirle a su distribuidor lacumplimentación de este certificado, así como laanotación del número de teléfono de su servicio técnicopost-venta. De no ser así, la garantía comenzará a regirdesde la fecha de fabricación del producto.Es importante que lea atentamente todas las páginas deeste manual, para que adquiera un perfectoconocimiento sobre el uso y cuidados a que debesometer su producto. De ser así, estamos seguros deque quedará plenamente satisfecho de sufuncionamiento.Gracias por haber confiado en nosotrosIMPORTANTEXXX IPTEFDPSB DPN 5FMDATOS TÉCNICOSPLACA DE CARACTERÍSTICAS MODELO T-02T-03T-06T-09 Tensión (Vca) 230230230230 Potencia (W) 2000200030004000 Largo (mm) 370475475632 Fondo (mm) 250250250250 Alto (mm) 235235365365 Peso bruto(kg.)56812 Nº pisos 1122ATENCIÓN -Leer atentamente las siguientes instrucciones y conservarlas para poderlas consultar en cualquier momento. -Todas las operaciones correspondientes al presente manual tienen que ser efectuadas por personal cualificado según la normativa vigente.-Durante la instalación: No colocar sobre superficies o en las cercanías de muros, tabiques, muebles de cocina o similares, a menos que estén realizados de material no combustible o cubiertos por un material adecuado aislante del calor, y preste atención a las legislaciones de prevención de fuegos.NORMAS DE REFERENCIA -Los equipos han sido fabricados en conformidad con las directivas 73/23/ CEE (Baja Tensión) y posteriores modificaciones (93/68/CEE), 89/336/CEE (compatibilidad electromagnética) y posteriores modificaciones(93/68/CEE), 89/392/CEE (Máquinas) y posteriores modificaciones (91/368/CEE), así como la directiva 89/109/CEE (Materiales y objetos destinados a estar en contacto con productos alimenticios).CONSERVACIÓN Y ALMACENAMIENTO-Si el producto, antes de usarse, se almacena durante largos periodos, se recomienda guardarlo en lugares secos a una temperatura comprendida entre -5 y +40º C.USO PREVISTO -Este equipo sirve exclusivamente para cocer alimentos y es de uso profesional.INSTALACIÓN-Colocación: El equipo se tiene que instalar en un lugar ventilado. Se puede colocar en contacto con las paredes a condición de que éstas sean resistentes al calor; en caso contrario, se tiene que interponer un material aislante o mantener el equipo a una distancia mínima de 3 cms. Algunas partes del equipo están protegidas con una película adhesiva que se ha de quitar antes de su puesta en marcha; luego, hay que lavar esmeradamente los residuos de cola (no utilizar sustancias abrasivas).CONEXIÓN ELÉCTRICA-El equipo está preparado para funcionar con corriente alterna a la tensión indicada en el esquema eléctrico adjunto y en la tarjeta técnica situada en la cara posterior del aparato. CONEXIÓN DEL CABLE ELÉCTRICO DE ALIMENTACIÓN: Si el equipo se conecta directamente a la red, es necesario instalar, entre éste y la red, un interruptor omnipolar con una abertura mínima entre los contactos de3 mm., con las medidas adecuadas a la carga y según establecen las normas vigentes.-Si, por cualquier motivo, se tiene que sustituir el cable de alimentación, debe realizarse con cables de tipo H05 RN-F.-El aparato debe instalarse en un sistema equipotencial. La conexión se lleva a cabo mediante el tornillo ubicado cerca de la entrada del cable eléctrico debajo del fondo.ANTES DE EFECTUAR LA CONEXIÓN ELÉCTRICA, VERIFICAR QUE: -La instalación pueda soportar la carga del equipo (véase la etiqueta con los datostécnicos). -La instalación de alimentación posea una toma de tierra eficaz segúnlas normas y disposiciones vigentes. -La toma o el interruptor omnipolar utilizados en la conexión se puedan alcanzar con extrema facilidad incluso con el equipo instalado.INSTRUCCIONES DE USOLa puesta en marcha del tostador se efectúa accionando el/los interruptor/ es del frontal del aparato y girando el mando del temporizador hasta la posición deseada. Controlar que la bandeja de recogida de migas estéinstalada en el equipo. Para una buena cocción, mantener bien limpio y brillante el fondo; para ello, se aconseja extender en el fondo un trozo de papel de aluminio y cambiarlo cuando éste se ensucie.El tiempo de cocción de los equipos se puede elegir entre 1 y 15 minutos. Éstos tiempos se pueden programar mediante un temporizador con el que se regula el tiempo de cocción en función de las necesidades.Por ejemplo, para un bocadillo caliente de queso, se regulará el temporizador de 2 a 3 minutos.En el modelo HT-6 se han previsto dos zonas de cocción que pueden funcionar por separado ya que cada una de ellas tiene un interruptor. Transcurrido el tiempo programado , las resistencias se desactivan.La calidad del pan y su humedad son de gran importancia.Si el pan está seco, se quema antes de que por ejemplo el queso o el jamón se calienten.Para obtener un buen resultado, se aconseja conservar el pan en envases herméticos para evitar así que pierda humedad.Para obtener bocadillos calientes tostados uniformemente con queso fundido, se aconseja utilizar pan de molde y queso en lonchas, que se encuentran fácilmente en el mercado.La cocción de bocadillos congelados no garantiza un resultado satisfactorio ya que, por una parte, el pan tiende a quemarse y,por otra, el queso o el jamón no se calientan. Por lo tanto, se aconseja quitar el producto del congelador con cierta antelación.LIMPIEZAATENCIÓN: NO LIMPIAR NUNCA EL EQUIPO CON UN CHORRO DE AGUA. RECOMENDACIONES:Antes de efectuar cualquier operación, desconectar el equipo eléctricamente. Para garantizar el buen funcionamiento del equipo, es necesario efectuar con frecuencia una limpieza general esmerada teniendo presente que:-Las partes de acero inoxidable se tienen que limpiar con productos adecuados y no abrasivos. No utilizar nunca sustancias que contengan cloro (lejía u otras).-No utilizar nunca un estropajo metálico ni detergentes que contengan sustancias abrasivas.MANTENIMIENTO-Antes de efectuar cualquier operación, se debe desenchufar el equipo. No se requiere ningún tipo de mantenimiento especial: sólo hay que comprobar el estado de los conductores, los mandos y las resistencias eléctricas.-Cuando se detecten anomalías de funcionamiento, solicitar asistencia técnica a personal cualificado.RECUERDE: LAS OPERACIONES DE MANTENIMIENTO TIENEN QUE SER EFECTUADAS POR PERSONAL TÉCNICO CUALIFICADO.El fabricante declina toda responsabilidad por las posibles incorrecciones presentes en este folleto debidas a errores de transcripción o de imprenta. El fabricante se reserva el derecho de aportar, sin previo aviso, cualquier modificación del producto que considere útil o necesaria para mejorarlo sincambiar sus características esenciales.XXX IPTEFDPSB DPN 5FMLEYENDA: · R1-R2-R3-R4-R5-R6-R7-R8-R9:Resistencias ·Tp: Temporizador ·l1 -l2 -l3:Interruptores ·Tr: Termostato de rearme o deseguridadXXX IPTEFDPSB DPN 5FMLEYENDA: · R1-R2-R3-R4-R5-R6:Resistencias · Tp: Temporizador · I:Interruptor · P: Piloto · Tr: Termostato derearme o de seguridadXXX IPTEFDPSB DPN 5FMGARANTÍAHR garantiza todas sus máquinas en las siguientes condiciones:1.HR, garantiza al primer usuario contra los defectos de fabricación en un normal uso del aparato.2.El tiempo de garantía es de UN AÑO en toda Europa a partir de la fecha de salida de fábrica para todos los componentes. garantía que HR concede consiste en la reparación o reposición de los componentes defectuosos, siendo a cargo del usuario o comprador los gastos de transporte y si la reparación no se pudiera realizar in-situ serán a cargo del usuario o comprador los gastos de transporte, embalaje, riesgos, etc.4.Los gastos de desplazamiento y mano de obra del personal técnico serán siempre con cargo al usuario o comprador cuando no exista un defecto de fabricación.5.Quedan excluidos de la garantía la rotura de componentes por mal uso del aparato.6.HR, declina toda responsabilidad cuando el aparato haya sido objeto de un mal uso o trato, mantenimiento defectuoso, así como por intervenciones o reparaciones por personal no autorizado.7.HR, no concede ni acepta más garantías que las que se especifican en el presente escrito.8.El fabricante no responde de los daños a personas o cosas que se deriven del uso impropio del aparato o por faltar la conexión a tierra.9.Queda fuera de garantía la depreciación normal del aparato; las alteraciones debidas a condiciones climatológicas o de naturaleza, así como las averías producidas por inundaciones, incendios, etc.10.El tiempo que dure la reparación no será motivo para resarcimiento de daños.11.Al sustituir en un aparato una o varias piezas, la garantía de éstas termina en la misma fecha en que finaliza el plazo de la pieza sustituida.12.Queda anulada la garantía cuando se coloque el aparato en lugares o condiciones ambientales no recomendables según las instrucciones de uso.13.No se responde de la garantía cuando el instalador remita cualquier pieza incompleta o a portes debidos.14.Serán a cargo del cliente los servicios que se prestan por causas que no cubra la garantía.15.HR, se inhibe de cualquier otra responsabilidad.XXX IPTEFDPSB DPN 5FM。
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Israel-Gaza Volleys Take Civilian Toll 以色列与加沙炮弹致使平民伤亡
n.vi.vt.
（箭、子弹、抢、炮、等）
群射，齐射；（质问，咒骂等的）
迸发群射，齐射；迸发；截击
(死亡、事故或
灾难的)总数
Hamas
(Islamic Resistance Movement)
巴勒斯坦伊斯兰抵抗运动,由“伊斯兰”、“抵抗”、“运动”三个阿拉伯语缩写而成。
哈马斯成立于1987年12月，创始人为谢赫·艾哈迈德·亚辛。
集宗教性、政治性为一体的哈马斯主张用武力消灭巴
土地上的犹太复国主义者，反对同以色
列和平共处，主张建立一个以耶路撒冷
为首都的独立的巴勒斯坦国。
自从11月14日以色列战机向加沙地带发射导弹，炸死了伊斯兰激进组织哈马斯下属的武装派别“卡桑旅”的领导人艾哈迈德.贾巴里之后，以色列与巴勒斯坦激进组织哈马斯之间爆发了近年来最为激烈的交火。
Operation Pillar of Defense
a campaign against terror targets in Gaza
On November 14, 2012,the IDF(Israeli Defense Force) embarked on Operation Pillar of Defense, meant to defend Israel's civilians from the incessant rocket fire they've suffered during the past 12 years, and cripple the terror organizations in the Gaza Strip.
Israel has called up thousands of soldiers and moved hundreds of military vehicles to the border to escalate the operation of "Pillar of Defense".
As Israel carried out air strikes in the Gaza Strip Thursday, one of the Palestinian rockets fired from Gaza caused fatalities in an apartment block in the southern Israeli town of Kiryat Malachi.
由于以色列周四在加沙地带进行了一系列空袭，由加沙发射的一枚巴勒斯坦火箭弹在以色列南部基亚特玛拉基镇的一所公寓楼内造成了伤亡
Outline
➢1.What happened to this town?
➢2.What did Abraham Hershkof say?
➢3.What did Israel's Interior Minister Eli Yishai say?
➢3.What is the reaction of the residents?
where? 加沙东北部30公里处的一个小镇
when?
伤亡？3 + 7（）
高度警戒学校商铺Israeli government Continue
Event Reaction
Residents
Broarden。