广东高考写作之如何写概要
从“广州一模”谈广东高考英语读写任务写作技巧
从“广州一模”谈广东高考英语读写任务写作技巧本文结合2009年广州一模的读写任务题谈谈读写任务的写作技巧。
一、摘要写作(Summary)的基本步骤和技巧1. 根据文体特点，找到文段主题句。
对于新闻报道，若报道采用“总―分”结构，文章主旨通常在第一段，考生概括第一段内容便可。
本新闻报道分步介绍事情发展，考生必须抓住事情发展主线，概括每段大意。
2. 根据中心词句，概括每段大意。
本新闻报道每段大意如下：第一段：suspend many misbehaving students / punish troublesome students by suspending them；第二段：seems to be getting results (与第四段内容大致相同，可整合)；第三段：to improve students’behavior；第四段：this year the school’s academic performance was judged as excellent.因此，摘要可概括为：punish students by suspending them，i mprove students’behavior and school’s academic performance.3. 分清主次，忽略细节。
考生在概括时不必使用具体的数字（如478 times, one in twenty, from 48% in 2004 to 74% this year等）和次要信息（如headmaster of a middle school in southern England），而应概括性地呈现事件，如概括为a headmaster suspended many misbehaving students, improve students’behavior and school’s academic performance。
浅谈广东高考英语概括的写作
、
策 略 指导
策 略 指 导 １ 人 民 教 育 出 版 社 （ 教 版 的 教 材 在 ： 人
Ｍｏｕ ， ｎｔ （ａｔｑ ａｅ 的练 习中对此 有了策略 ｄ ｌ １ Ｕ ｉ４ ｅｒ ｕ ｋ ） ｅ ｈ
上的初步指导 ：
Ｗｒｔ ｇ ａ ｓ ｍｍａ ｙ ｏ ａ ｓ ￣ ｍｅ ｎ ｏ ｋ ｎ ｏ ｉ ｉ ｕ ｎ ｒ ｆａ ｐ ａ ｓ ａ ｓ ｌｏ ｉ ｇ ｆ ｒ ｔｅ ｍａｎ ｉｅ ｆｅ ｃ ａ ｔ ｎ ｕ ｔ ｇ ｉ ｄ ｗ ｎ ａ ｓ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｄ ａ ｏ ａ ｈ ｐ ｒ ａ ｄ ｐ ｔ ｎ ｔ ｏ ｎ ｉ ｅ － ｉ ｉ
１ ．抄袭 原文 中的词句 ， 不会做适 当变通 ；
２ ．概括 不准 、 不全 ， 遗漏要点 。
ｅ ｃ ａａ ｒｐ ．Ｒｅ ｍｂ ｒ Ｓ ｏ ｒＯ Ｔ ｗｏｄ ！ ａ ｈｐ ｒｇａ ｈ ｍｅ ｅ ，Ｕ ｅｙ ｕ ＇ １ ｒｓ Ｗ
从考生在此题上存 为新颖 ， 难度 较大 ， 且 因 为它从 以下几个 方面考查了学生综合 运用英语的能
ｔ ｅｎｃｅ．
释义 ， 顾名思义 ， 就是在理解 原文或 原句 的基 础
上 ， 自己的话 来解 释说明一 番 ， 用 但是 意思要 和原 文 或原句保持一致 ， 就避免了在概括写 作中“ 袭原 这 抄 文 中的词句 ” 。在必修 １２ ３中均有这方面 的训 练 ， 、、 现 以必修 ３中 Ｕ ｉ２中的练习为例 。 ｎｔ
（ ）Ｓｍ ｔｉ ｅｒ ｌ ｍ ｓ ｈ ｖ ａ ｐｎｄｉ Ｌ １ ｏ ｅ ｎ ｔｒｂｅ ｕｔ ａｅｈｐｅ ｅ ｆ ｉ ｈｇ ｉ
策略指 导 ２ 人 教版 的 教材 在 Ｍｏｕｅ４， ｎ ： ｄｌ Ｕ ｉ２ ｔ （ Ｈ ＭＩＡ Ｒ Ｏ Ｇ Ｎ ＣＦ Ｒ Ｉ Ｇ？ 的理解 中对 Ｃ Ｅ Ｃ ＬＯ Ｒ Ａ Ｉ Ａ Ｍ Ｎ ） 此策略有 了进一步的说明 ：
高考英语写作之读后续写、概要写作,思路
1新题型“读后续写”“概要写作”是一种将原本独立的“阅读理解”与“写作”组合在一起得出的“新题型”。
一道题目，双倍难度。
认真讲，以前英语老师会说：“得阅读者得天下”，因为阅读理解考查学生的能力最综合，得分也难。
而英语作文，只要背够连接词、链接句、再来几个经典长难句，基准分是有保障的。
可如今的“概要写作”“读后续写”，已不再是背几十个单词，用用on the one hand......on the other hand 就可以应付了，在写作之前，先得读懂阅读材料，还得构思与原文衔接、还要用上原文所给的五个单词，然后才能续写。
问题2：哪些省份的高考有新题型？2015 年 8 月，在教育部考试中心发布的《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》中，提出了写作新题型：读后续写或概要写作，两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用。
读后续写作为一种全新的高考题型，于 2016 年 10 月首次在浙江英语高考卷中亮相，并沿用至今。
该题型已经在浙江、山东、辽宁等省份的日常考试中频繁出现，并将在2020年高考中使用。
河北、江苏、北京、天津、海南、湖南、湖北、广东、福建、重庆等省份也在陆续将新题型纳入日常练习和高考考查中。
问题3：概要写作主要考察什么能力？“概要写作”重点考查考生理解和呈现原文要点和准确使用词汇和语法结构的能力。
要求学生客观并且简练的概括出原文，而且要保证故事的完整连贯，逻辑通顺。
（曹老师的话：这类题型相对来说比较简单；考察三方面的能力：1. 找关键词的能力；2. 把关键词写成正确句子的能力；3. 把句子写成合理的段落的能力）问题4：读后续写考察什么能力？读后续写主要关注学生以下四个方面的能力：①把握短文关键信息和语言特点的能力。
学生需要了解所给短文的主要内容，清楚其关键词和语言结构的使用情况，并通过续写短文表现出来。
②语言运用的准确性和丰富性。
学生能准确、恰当地使用所学词汇和语言结构，还能够根据内容需要使用较多、较复杂的词汇和语言结构。
广东英语高考作文--读写任务--如何拓展要点
Never do they make phone calls when driving.Finally，everybody should keep the road signs beside the roads in mind and pedestrians must walk along the pavements. Only by everyone’s effort can the road accidents be reduced.
⑶ Here are some suggestions on how to deal with ...To begin with...，Moreover...， Finally...下面是对于如何处理……的方法。 第一，……；此外……，最后……
⑷ We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.Firstly，...Secondly，...Finall y，...我们应当采取一系列有效措施来 处理这种情况。第一第……；二……； 最后……
3, do more physical exercises/ exercise more
4, get rid of the bad habits / give up the habits that damage one’s health
I suggest some possible solutions to reduce the number of fat. First, people should have a healthy diet, such as eating more vegetables and fruit. We mustn’t eat junk food, which is bad for our health. Second, it is necessary for us to do more exercises. Third, it is useful for us to have a good living habit. What’s more, fat people should be treated with full respect and as equally as any human being in the society.
广东高考读写任务写作技巧
We are all aware that everything has its 开头: 开头 two sides. ______ is no exception. ___ has brought a number of benefits to us.
优 点：
—— is a beneficial activity, in which we can obtain many advantages. First of all, ________. Also, ____________. Most importantly, ____________________.
1. It is stated in the You may begin article that… like these: 2.According to the passage, the author states that … 3. In the passage, the author states that … 如果是说明性短文,你就必须用概括的 如果是说明性短文 你就必须用概括的 说明性短文 你就必须用概括 文字来说明某种现象。 文字来说明某种现象。
Summary
1. Focus on main ideas and omit(省去 examples, 省去) 省去 details.(注重大意，省去详细的例子、细节) 2. when use the words and phrases in the original passage, do not include your own opinion, but be sure to use your own words. .(引用原文的词句,不能添加自己的见 解，但是要用自己的语言概括） 3. Write it in the third person . （第三人称） 第三人称） 4.Control the number of words about 30.
广东高考英语科读写任务写作指导
广东高考英语科读写任务写作指导常见的，也是老师比较容易接受的结构安排是四段式（开头概括，中间两段，加总结），中间写两段是为了清晰地向阅卷老师表明题目给你的要求你都写了。
其实本来是三段，只是为了“捞分”，补上一句总结做末段，顺便show 一下漂亮表达。
一．第一段1．引入As is mentioned in the passage,…According to the author / article / passage,…(当下文又要用As isknown to us all,…时，为避免重复可换这个表达)2．概括内容说明文，抓住关键句稍做改动就可以，一般是每段的首句或尾句。
议论文，只需在论点和简要原因上灵活变化就行。
注意：议论文的要点归纳，假如文章中没有其他的论点和中心，可以出现作者论证其观点的例子。
记叙文，记叙文的总结必须体现与议论文不同的一点：只把故事的主要情节简述一遍，不理会其他枝节，直奔主题。
也就是说，我们只要“写与自己的文章主体内容中心一致的情节”！二．第二，三段（一）第二段开头（1）议论文的第二段开头承接：当材料中作者旗帜鲜明时，接下来就作者观点阐述自己的看法，那么，可以在第二段开头这样写：As far as I’m concerned, what the author said / mentioned above is true. 表赞同时还可以用：From where I stand, I couldn’t agree more with the author’s opinion. 或In my conception / From my perspective, I am in favor of the author’s opinion.“从我的角度/观点，我十分同意作者的观点”。
当材料中出现两种看法时，或者前面有出现“一些人这样想，一些人那样想”，接下来就几种观点阐述自己看法时，可以这样写：As far as I’m concerned, the former / latter view is true. 如Some people have the idea that …..Other people, however, think it better to….. As far as I’m conce rned, the former view does sound true.(2) 记叙文的第二段开头承接：“What the author mentioned above reminds me of one of my personal experience / my friend’s experience…)用于联系自己亲身经历或他人经历。
高考作文的概括与总结技巧
高考作文的概括与总结技巧高考作文是评判学生综合语言表达和思辨能力的重要环节。
针对这一考试要求，学生需要具备一定的写作技巧，包括概括和总结等方面。
本文将介绍几种高考作文的概括与总结技巧，帮助学生在考试中取得更好的成绩。
一、观点概括法观点概括法是高考作文常用的一种技巧。
当遇到一篇文章或一段材料时，在理解作者意图的基础上，可以通过概括出文章或材料的核心观点。
这种方法适用于对材料的概括，也适用于对多篇文章的观点进行对比概括。
例如，当文章提到“现代科技给人们带来了便利，同时也给人们的生活带来了许多问题”，我们可以将其概括为“科技的利弊”。
二、论证总结法论证总结法是解决高考作文论证段落的概括问题的一种有效技巧。
在论证段落中，作者通常会列举事实、数据等来支持自己的观点，并进行逻辑推理。
对于这种论证过程，我们可以通过总结出论证的关键点，来概括论证的内容。
例如，在一篇关于环境保护的文章中，作者可能会列举各种环境问题，并陈述环境保护的重要性。
我们可以将问题的列举和环境保护的重要性总结为“问题的揭示和解决”。
三、主题概括法主题概括法是对整篇作文或阅读材料的主旨进行概括的技巧。
在高考作文中，主题在整篇文章中起到了承上启下的作用，了解主题有助于准确概括文章内容。
例如，在一篇关于青少年犯罪的文章中，作者可能通过调查数据、案例分析等方式来探讨青少年犯罪的原因和应对措施。
我们可以将这篇文章的主题概括为“青少年犯罪与社会责任”。
四、过程总结法过程总结法适用于对一段故事、事件等进行概括。
当遇到描述故事情节或事件经过的文章时，我们可以按照时间先后顺序将其过程进行总结，以便更好地把握文章的内容。
例如，一篇描述历史事件的文章，可以通过按照事件发生的时间顺序概括其过程。
如果是一篇记叙性作文，可以按照故事发展的脉络进行概括。
综上所述，概括与总结是高考作文中重要的写作技巧。
学生可以通过观点概括法、论证总结法、主题概括法和过程总结法等方法，准确把握文章、材料的核心内容，提高作文的质量和得分。
广东高考英语议论文概括写作指导
高考读写任务概括部分写作指导（议论文的概括）一．题型概述：高考写作第二节“读写任务”中的概括部分重点考查考生概括的准确性、语言的规范性、内容的合理性以及篇章的连贯性，既考查考生的综合运用语言的能力，又对考生提取信息和分析归纳的能力也有较高的要求。
这一部分占5分。
二．解题示例：阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括短文的要点：Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others’language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things. They learn to talk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by comparing their own behaviors with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him to correct himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would never notice a mistake if they did not point out it to him. They act as if the student woud never correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word meansand what the answer is to that problem.写作过程：1．阅读，抓住内容要点论点（主题句）：Let children learn to judge their own work.论据：（1）A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time.（2）In the same way, children learn to do all the other things.（3）But in school teachers never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself.结论：Let the student do it himself.2．概括，转述作者观点The auther argues that it is necessary for children to learn to judge their own work, for they can learn by comparing their speech with that of more skilled people. Teachers shouldn’t correct their mistakes. (35 words)三．“概括”写作技巧：1. 把握所给材料的整体结构，作者的思路与写作意图，基本观点与论据, 找到主题句和结论句, 提炼关键词，然后用自己的话来表达。
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Two Possible Versions:
(1)Some people think that children’s learning mistakes should be corrected by themselves. Children learn by comparing their behavior, including their speech, with more skilled people. But in school teachers always point out and correct their students’ mistakes, making the students dependent on them. So children should learn by correcting their own mistakes and helping each other instead of having their mistakes corrected by their teachers.
The story is about an unforgettable lesson of the writer from an old man while fishing, through which the writer realized patience was very important and that it was the secret of success.
How to Write a Summary?
1. Reread, label and underline. 2. Write one or two sentence summaries. 3. Read the passage carefully. 4. Write a thesis-a one-sentence summary of the entire passage. 5. Write the first draft of your summary. 6. Check your summary against the original passage. 7. Revise your summary.
“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” He was very brave in battle.
“John fell into the river and, before help could reach him, he sank.” John was drowned in the river. “He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.” He was in financial difficulties.
mistakes?
1. 七个解题步骤 (1)审题，明确题目要求：通过审题明确文 章主题、写作内容、主要时态和主体人称等问题。 其中主体人称，就是要确定以第几人称进行写作 (2)阅读，抓住内容要点：阅读短文，找出 文章的内容要点。 议论文的内容要点是：论点、论据和结论。 记叙文的内容要点是：时间(when)，地点 (where)，什么人(who)，做了什么事(what)，结 果怎么样(how)，这是记叙文的五要素。
Some hints for writing a summary
1. Concentrate on main ideas and omit examples, details, and minor supports. 2. The summary should be all in your own words. 3. Do not include your own opinion in the summary 4. Write in the present tense (he shows, we work, they allow) 5. Introduce the author and title of the work in the opening sentence of your summary. 6. Summary writing is an exercise in compression. In writing a summary, you may:
next
A. Omit the details or categorize them. B. Reduce the examples. C. Simplify the description.
D. Eliminate all repetitions.
E. Compress wordy sentences and change phrases to words.
What does not belong in a summary?
Your opinions and thoughts, as well as the details of the passage.
REMEMBER:
A summary should be brief, complete, objective, in the writer's (you) own words, and accurate.
(1)确定体裁：阅读材料是记叙文，要求写的也是记 叙文。 (2)扼要概括：概括一篇记叙文，可按记叙文的几大 要素来组织。 What(事情) was taught a lesson by an old man Who(人物) the writer When(时间) when going fishing Where(地点) on the bank of the lake What to learn(结果)Patience is important. Patience is the secret of success.
HOW TO WRITE A SUMMARY
What is a Summary?
It is a short—but thorough—objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a passage. A summary may also mention some of the examples the author used to illustrate key points.
Back
Checklist for group work
1. Examples, details, and minor supports omitted? 2. Your ideas included? 3. Plagiarize? 4. Important parts left out?
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
5. Any grammar, spelling, and punctuation
The folktale mainly tells us that in a race Mr Hare proudly thought he would be sure to beat Mr Tortoise and so he lay down to have a nap. As a result, he lost the race.
(3)概括，转述作者观点： 用自己的话转述原文内容要点。 议论文——用自己的话表达论点、论据和结论 句； 记叙文——用自己的话将记叙文的五要素串联 起来。(有时只需写出某人做了什么，结果怎样)
EVERYONE has an experience they would rather forget. Some are embarrassing, some are moving, and some teach us a lesson. Here is a story of mine. Last Sunday I went fishing. After setting up my fishing rod with bait, I sat down on the bank of the lake. But two hours later, I didn’t catch any fish. I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff, preparing to go back home. Just then, I saw an old man sitting near me. To my surprise, his basket was full of fish, so I went over to him, wanting to know why. “Excuse me, but how long have you sat here?” I asked. “About four hours,” he answered. “Four hours?” I couldn’t believe my ears. “Yes. It’s very important to be patient,” the old man said. “Don’t consider fishing a tiring sport. Just enjoy it.” Suddenly, I understood what he said. I must learn to be patient. Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently. I felt a fish touch the bait, but I didn’t move and waited for the right moment to reel it in. At last, I caught it. This made me very happy. In the following six hours, I caught over 10 fish. On my way home, I thought what had happened on the bank. I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience.