上海市杨浦区2017届高考数学二模试卷(详解版)
2017年上海市杨浦区中考数学二模试题(解析版)

(1)由图象可知,x=20千克时,y1=y2,故答案为20千克.
(2)由图象可知,0<x<20时,在乙店批发比较便宜.故答案为0<x<20.
(3)设AB的解析式为y=kx+b,由题意OC的函数解析式为y=10x,
∴ ,
解得 ,
∴射线AB的表达式y=5x+100(x≥10).
【点睛】本题的关键是根据图像解答问题
解得 ,
∵∠A=45°,AD=2,
∴ ,
∵ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴ .
故答案为 .
【点睛】本题是一道综合题,解题的关键是掌握图形翻折变换的性质、等腰三角形的性质和勾股定理并能灵活运用
三、解答题
19.计算: .
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
利用分数指数幂,零指数幂、负整数指数幂法则,以及完全平方公式化简即可
【答案】(1)42;(2) 4或16
【解析】
【分析】
(1)过C作CD⊥AB于D解直角三角形得到CD,根据三角形的面积公式即可得到结论;(2)根据圆C与直线AB相切,得到○C的半径,根据勾股定理得到AC,设○A的半径为r,当圆A与圆C内切时,当圆A与圆C外切时即可得到结论
【详解】
(1)过C作CD⊥AB于D,
【点睛】本体的关键是在数轴上正确的表示出各个不等式的解,并找到公共部分,确定解集
11.方程 的解是:x=_____.
【答案】±2
【解析】
【分析】
对方程左右两边同时平方,可得x2+5=9,进而可解x的值,答案注意根式有意义的条件
详解】根据题意,有 ,左右两边同时平方可得x2+5=9;解之,可得:x=±2.
A. B. C. D.
2017年-上海各区-数学高三二模试卷和答案

宝山2017二模一、填空题(本大题共有12题,满分54分,第16题每题4分,第712题每题5分)考生应在答题纸的相应位置直接填写结果.1.若集合{}|0A x x =>,{}|1B x x =<,则A B ⋂=____________2.已知复数z1z i ⋅=+(i 为虚数单位),则z =____________ 3.函数()sin cos cos sin x x f x x x=的最小正周期是____________4.已知双曲线()2221081x y a a -=>的一条渐近线方程3y x =,则a =____________ 5.若圆柱的侧面展开图是边长为4的正方形,则圆柱的体积为____________6.已知,x y 满足0220x y x y x -≤⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪+≥⎩,则2z x y =+的最大值是____________7.直线12x t y t =-⎧⎨=-⎩(t 为参数)与曲线3cos 2sin x y θθ=⎧⎨=⎩(θ为参数)的交点个数是____________8.已知函数()()()220log 01xx f x x x ⎧≤⎪=⎨<≤⎪⎩的反函数是()1f x -,则12f -1⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭____________9.设多项式()()()()23*11110,nx x x x x n N ++++++++≠∈的展开式中x 项的系数为n T ,则2limnn T n →∞=____________10.生产零件需要经过两道工序,在第一、第二道工序中产生的概率分别为0.01和p ,每道工序产生废品相互独立,若经过两道工序得到的零件不是废品的概率是0.9603,则p =____________11.设向量()(),,,m x y n x y ==-,P 为曲线()10m n x ⋅=>上的一个动点,若点P 到直线10x y -+=的距离大于λ恒成立,则实数λ的最大值为____________12.设1210,,,x x x 为1,2,,10的一个排列,则满足对任意正整数,m n ,且110m n ≤<≤,都有m n x m x n +≤+成立的不同排列的个数为____________二、选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分,每题5分)每题有且只有一个正确选项,考生应在答题纸的相应位置,将代表正确选项的小方格涂黑.13.设,a b R ∈,则“4a b +>”是“1a >且3b >”的( ) A. 充分而不必要条件B. 必要而不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分又不必要条件14.如图,P 为正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中1AC 与1BD 的交点,则PAC 在该正方体各个面上的射影可能是( )A. ①②③④B.①③C. ①④D.②④15.如图,在同一平面内,点P 位于两平行直线12,l l 同侧,且P 到12,l l 的距离分别为1,3.点,M N 分别在12,l l 上,8PM PN +=,则PM PN ⋅的最大值为( )A. 15B. 12C. 10D. 916.若存在t R ∈与正数m ,使()()F t m F t m -=+成立,则称“函数()F x 在x t =处存在距离为2m 的对称点”,设()()20x f x x xλ+=>,若对于任意()2,6t ∈,总存在正数m ,使得“函数()f x 在x t =处存在距离为2m 的对称点”,则实数λ的取值范围是( )A. (]0,2B. (]1,2C. []1,2D. []1,4三、解答题(本大题共有5题,满分76分)解答下列各题必须在答题纸的相应位置写出必要的步骤.17.(本题满分14分,第1小题满分8分,第2小题满分6分)如图,在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,E 、F 分别是线段BC 、1CD 的中点. (1)求异面直线EF 与1AA 所成角的大小; (2)求直线EF 与平面11AA B B 所成角的大小.18.(本题满分14分,第1小题6分,第2小题8分)已知抛物线()220y px p =>,其准线方程为10x +=,直线l 过点()(),00T t t >且与抛物线交于A 、B 两点,O 为坐标原点.(1)求抛物线方程,并证明:OA OB ⋅的值与直线l 倾斜角的大小无关; (2)若P 为抛物线上的动点,记PT 的最小值为函数()d t ,求()d t 的解析式.19.(本题满分14分,第1小题6分,第2小题8分)对于定义域为D 的函数()y f x =,如果存在区间[](),m n D m n ⊆<,同时满足:①()f x 在[],m n 内是单调函数;②当定义域是[],m n 时,()f x 的值域也是[],m n 则称函数()f x 是区间[],m n 上的“保值函数”.(1)求证:函数()22g x x x =-不是定义域[]0,1上的“保值函数”;(2)已知()()2112,0f x a R a a a x=+-∈≠是区间[],m n 上的“保值函数”,求a 的取值范围.20.(本题满分16分,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分)数列{}n a 中,已知()12121,,n n n a a a a k a a ++===+对任意*n N ∈都成立,数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S .(这里,a k 均为实数) (1)若{}n a 是等差数列,求k ; (2)若11,2a k ==-,求n S ; (3)是否存在实数k ,使数列{}n a 是公比不为1的等比数列,且任意相邻三项12,,m m m a a a ++按某顺序排列后成等差数列?若存在,求出所有k 的值;若不存在,请说明理由.21.(本题满分18分,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分)设T,R 若存在常数0M >,使得对任意t T ∈,均有t M ≤,则称T 为有界集合,同时称M 为集合T 的上界.(1)设121|,21x xA y y x R ⎧⎫-==∈⎨⎬+⎩⎭、21|sin 2A x x ⎧⎫=>⎨⎬⎩⎭,试判断1A 、2A 是否为有界集合,并说明理由;(2)已知()2f x x u =+,记()()()()()()11,2,3,n n f x f x f x f f x n -===.若m R ∈,1,4u ⎡⎫∈+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭,且(){}*|n B f m n N =∈为有界集合,求u 的值及m 的取值范围;(3)设a 、b 、c 均为正数,将()2a b -、()2b c -、()2c a -中的最小数记为d ,是否存在正数()0,1λ∈,使得λ为有界集合222{|,dC y y a b c ==++a 、b 、c 均为正数}的上界,若存在,试求λ的最小值;若不存在,请说明理由.宝山区答案1.(0,1)2.13. π4.35. 5.16. 37. 28. 19.1210. 0.03 11.212.512 13. B14. C15.A16.A17. (1) (2)arctan 218.(1)24y x =,证明略(2)2)(t),(0t 2)d t ⎧≥⎪=⎨<<⎪⎩19. (1)证明略(2)12a或32a 20. (1)12k =(2)2(21,),(2,)n n n k k N S n n k k N **⎧-=-∈=⎨=∈⎩ (3)25k =-21.(1)1A 为有界集合,上界为1;2A 不是有界集合 (2)14u =,11,22m ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦ (3)15λ=解析:(2)设()()011,,,1,2,3,...n n a m a f m a f a n -====,则()n n a f m =∵()2114a f m m u ==+≥,则222111111024a a a a u a u ⎛⎫-=-+=-+-≥ ⎪⎝⎭且211111024n n n n n a a a u a a ---⎛⎫-=-+-≥⇒≥ ⎪⎝⎭若(){}*|N n B f m n =∈为有界集合,则设其上界为0M ,既有*0,N n a M n ≤∈∴()()()112211112211......n n n n n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a ------=-+-++-+=-+-++-+2222121111111...242424n n a u a u a u m u --⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-+-+-++-+-++ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭222212111111...22244n n a a a m n u u n u u --⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-++-++-+≥-+⎢⎥ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦若0n a M ≤恒成立,则014n u u M ⎛⎫-+≤ ⎪⎝⎭恒成立,又11044u u ≥⇒-≥ ∴14u =,∴()214f x x =+ 设12m λ=+(i )0λ>,则()22101011112422a a f m m a a λλλ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-=++-+=⇒>> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭∴111...2n n a a a m ->>>>>记()()212g x f x x x ⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭,则当1212x x >>时,()()12g x g x >∴()()()2111110n n n n n g a f a a a a g m a a λ----=-=->=-=∴()211n a a n λ>+-,若0na M ≤恒成立,则0λ=,矛盾。
(完整版)2017届上海市杨浦区高三二模数学卷(含答案)

- - - 1 -杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高三年级质量调研 数学学科试卷 2017.4考生注意: 1.答卷前,考生务必在答题纸写上姓名、考号, 并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上.2.本试卷共有21道题,满分150分,考试时间120分钟.一.填空题(本大题满分54分)本大题共有12题,1-6每题4分,7-12每题5分。
考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分.1. 行列式123456789中, 元素5的代数余子式的值为_________.2. 设实数0ω>, 若函数()cos()sin()f x x x ωω=+的最小正周期为π, 则ω=_________.3. 已知圆锥的底面半径和高均为1, 则该圆锥的侧面积为_________.4. 设向量(2,3)a =r, 向量(6,)b t =r . 若a r 与b r 的夹角为钝角, 则实数t 的取值范围为 _________.5. 集合2{1,3,}A a =, 集合{1,2}B a a =++. 若B A A ⋃=, 则实数 a =_______.6. 设12,z z 是方程2230z z ++=的两根, 则12||z z -= _________.7. 设()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数, 当0x >时, 3()2xf x =-. 则不等式()5f x <-的解为________.- - - 2 -8. 若变量,x y 满足约束条件12,20,20,x y x y x y +≤⎧⎪-≥⎨⎪-≤⎩则z y x =-的最小值为_________.9. 小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子, 两人相互独立地进行. 则小明掷出的点 数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为_________.10. 设A 是椭圆()22221 04x y a a a +=>-上的动点, 点F 的坐标为(2,0)-, 若满足||10AF =的点A 有且仅有两个, 则实数a 的取值范围为_________.11. 已知0a >, 0b >, 当21(4)a b ab++取到最小值时, b =_________. 12. 设函数()||||a f x x x a =+-. 当a 在实数范围内变化时, 在圆盘221x y +≤内,且不在任一()a f x 的图像上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为_________.二、选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,填上正确的答案,选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 13. 设z ∈C 且0z ≠. “z 是纯虚数”是“2z ∈R ”的 ( )(A) 充分非必要条件 (B) 必要非充分条件(C) 充要条件(D) 既非充分又非必要条件14.设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d , 0d ≠. 若{}n a 的前10项之和大于其 前21项之和, 则 ()(A) 0d <(B) 0d > (C) 160a <(D) 160a >- - - 3 -S15.如图, N 、S 是球O 直径的两个端点. 圆1C 是经过N 和S 点的大圆, 圆2C 和圆3C 分别是所在平面与NS 垂直的大圆和小圆. 圆1C 和2C 交于点A 、B , 圆1C 和3C 交于点C 、D .设a 、b 、c 分别表示圆1C 上劣弧CND 的弧长、圆2C 上半圆弧AB 的弧长、圆3C 上半圆弧CD 的弧长. 则,,a b c 的大小关系为 ()(A) b a c >= (B) b c a => (C) b a c >>(D) b c a >>16.对于定义在R 上的函数()f x , 若存在正常数,a b , 使得()()f x a f x b +≤+对一切x ∈R 均成立, 则称()f x 是“控制增长函数”。
【学生版本】2017二模客观难题分析

目录1. 虹口 (2)2. 黄浦 (3)3. 杨浦 (4)4. 奉贤 (5)5. 长宁金山青浦 (6)6. 浦东 (7)7. 闵行 (8)8. 普陀 (9)9. 徐汇 (10)10. 静安 (11)11. 崇明 (12)12. 松江 (13)13. 嘉定 (13)14. 宝山 (14)15奉贤区: (15)16普陀区: (16)17杨浦区: (17)18闵行区 (17)19黄浦区 (18)20宝山区 (19)21浦东新区 (20)2017年上海市高三二模数学填选难题解析1. 虹口11. 在直角△ABC 中,2A π∠=,1AB =,2AC =,M 是△ABC 内一点,且12AM =, 若AM AB AC λμ=+,则2λμ+的最大值为12. 无穷数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,若对任意的正整数n 都有12310{,,,,}n S k k k k ∈ ,则 10a 的可能取值最多..有 个16. 已知点(,)M a b 与点(0,1)N -在直线3450x y -+=的两侧,给出以下结论: ①3450x y -+>;② 当0a >时,a b +有最小值,无最大值;③ 221a b +>; ④ 当0a >且1a ≠时,11b a +-的取值范围是93(,)(,)44-∞-+∞ .正确的个数是( )A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 42. 黄浦11. 三棱锥P ABC -满足:AB AC ⊥,AB AP ⊥,2AB =,4AP AC +=,则该三棱锥的体积V 的取值范围是12. 对于数列{}n a ,若存在正整数T ,对于任意正整数n 都有n T n a a +=成立,则称数列{}n a是以T 为周期的周期数列,设1b m =(01)m <<,对任意正整数n 有11,11,01n n n n nb b b b b +->⎧⎪=⎨<≤⎪⎩,若数列{}n b 是以5为周期的周期数列,则m 的值可以是(只要求填写满足条件的一个m 值即可)16. 如图所示,23BAC π∠=,圆M 与AB 、AC 分别相切于点D 、E ,1AD =,点P 是 圆M 及其内部任意一点,且AP xAD yAE =+(,)x y R ∈,则x y +取值范围是( )A. [1,4+B. [4-+C. [1,2D. [23. 杨浦11. 已知0a >,0b >,当21(4)a b ab++取到最小值时,b =12. 设函数()||||a f x x x a =+-,当a 在实数范围内变化时,在圆盘221x y +≤内,且不在任一()a f x 的图像上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为16. 对于定义在R 上的函数()f x ,若存在正常数a 、b ,使得()()f x a f x b +≤+对一切x R ∈均成立,则称()f x 是“控制增长函数”,在以下四个函数中:① 2()1f x x x =++;② ()f x = 2()sin()f x x =;④ ()sin f x x x =⋅. 是“控制增长函数”的有( )A. ②③B. ③④C. ②③④D. ①②④4. 奉贤11. 已知实数x 、y 满足方程22(1)(1)1x a y -++-=,当0y b ≤≤()b R ∈时,由此方程可以确定一个偶函数()y f x =,则抛物线212y x =-的焦点F 到点(,)a b 的轨迹上点的距离最大值为12. 设1x 、2x 、3x 、4x 为自然数1、2、3、4的一个全排列,且满足1234|1||2||3||4|6x x x x -+-+-+-=,则这样的排列有 个16. 如图,在△ABC 中,BC a =,AC b =,AB c =,O 是△ABC 的外心,OD BC ⊥ 于D ,OE AC ⊥于E ,OF AB ⊥于F ,则::OD OE OF 等于( ) A. ::a b c B.111::a b cC. sin :sin :sin A B CD. cos :cos :cos A B C5. 长宁金山青浦11. 已知函数()||f x x x a =-,若对任意1[2,3]x ∈,2[2,3]x ∈,12x x ≠,恒有1212()()()22x x f x f x f ++>,则实数a 的取值范围为12. 对于给定的实数0k >,函数()kf x x=的图像上总存在点C ,使得以C 为圆心,1为半 径的圆上有两个不同的点到原点O 的距离为1,则k 的取值范围是16. 设1x 、2x 、…、10x 为1、2、…、10的一个排列,则满足对任意正整数m 、n ,且110m n ≤<≤,都有m n x m x n +≤+成立的不同排列的个数为( )A. 512B. 256C. 255D. 646. 浦东11. 已知各项均为正数的数列{}n a 满足11(2)(1)0n n n n a a a a ++--=*()n N ∈,且110a a =, 则首项1a 所有可能取值中最大值为12. 已知平面上三个不同的单位向量a 、b 、c 满足12a b b c ⋅=⋅= ,若e 为平面内的任意单位向量,则||2||3||a e b e c e ⋅+⋅+⋅的最大值为16. 已知等比数列1a 、2a 、3a 、4a 满足)1,0(1∈a ,)2,1(2∈a ,)4,2(3∈a ,则4a 的取值 范围是( )A. (3,8)B. (2,16)C. (4,8)D.7. 闵行11. 已知定点(1,1)A ,动点P 在圆221x y +=上,点P 关于直线y x =的对称点为P ',向量AQ OP '= ,O 是坐标原点,则||PQ的取值范围是12. 已知递增数列{}n a 共有2017项,且各项均不为零,20171a =,如果从{}n a 中任取两项i a 、j a ,当i j <时,j i a a -仍是数列{}n a 中的项,则数列{}n a 的各项和2017S =16. 设函数()y f x =的定义域是R ,对于以下四个命题: ① 若()y f x =是奇函数,则(())y f f x =也是奇函数; ② 若()y f x =是周期函数,则(())y f f x =也是周期函数; ③ 若()y f x =是单调递减函数,则(())y f f x =也是单调递减函数;④ 若函数()y f x =存在反函数1()y f x -=,且函数1()()y f x f x -=-有零点,则函数()y f x x =-也有零点.其中正确的命题共有( )A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个8. 普陀11. 设0a <,若不等式22sin (1)cos 10x a x a +-+-≥对于任意的R x ∈恒成立,则a 的 取值范围是16. 关于函数2sin y x =的判断,正确的是( ) A. 最小正周期为2π,值域为[1,1]-,在区间[,]22ππ-上是单调减函数 B. 最小正周期为π,值域为[1,1]-,在区间[0,]2π上是单调减函数 C. 最小正周期为π,值域为[0,1],在区间[0,]2π上是单调增函数 D. 最小正周期为2π,值域为[0,1],在区间[,]22ππ-上是单调增函数9. 徐汇11. 如图:在△ABC 中,M 为BC 上不同于B 、C 的任意一点,点N 满足2AN NM = ,若AN xAB yAC =+,则229x y +的最小值为12. 设单调函数()y p x =的定义域为D ,值域为A ,如果单调函数()y q x =使得函数 (())y p q x =的值域也是A ,则称函数()y q x =是函数()y p x =的一个“保值域函数”,已 知定义域为[,]a b 的函数2()|3|h x x =-,函数()f x 与()g x 互为反函数,且()h x 是()f x 的一个“保值域函数”, ()g x 是()h x 的一个“保值域函数”,则b a -=16. 过椭圆2214x y m m +=-(4)m >右焦点F 的圆与圆22:1O x y +=外切,则该圆直径FQ 的端点Q 的轨迹是( )A. 一条射线B. 两条射线C. 双曲线的一支D. 抛物线10. 静安10. 若适合不等式2|4||3|5x x k x -++-≤的x 最大值为3,则实数k 的值为11. 已知1()1xf x x-=+,数列{}n a 满足112a =,对于任意*n N ∈都满足2()n n a f a +=,且0n a >,若2018a a =,则20162017a a +=15. 曲线C 为:到两定点(2,0)M -、(2,0)N 的距离乘积为常数16的动点P 的轨迹,以下 结论: ① 曲线C 经过原点;② 曲线C 关于x 轴对称,但不关于y 轴对称;③ △MPN 的面积不大于8;④ 曲线C 在一个面积为60的矩形范围内. 其中正确的个数为( ) A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 311. 崇明11. 已知函数22sin(),0()3cos(),0x x x f x x x x πα⎧++>⎪=⎨⎪-++<⎩,[0,2)απ∈是奇函数,则α=12. 已知△ABC是边长为PQ 为△ABC 外接圆O 的一条直径,M 为△ABC 边长的动点,则PM MQ ⋅的最大值是16. 设函数()x x x f x a b c =+-,其中0c a >>,0c b >>,若a 、b 、c 是△ABC 的三条 边长,则下列结论:① 对于一切(,1)x ∈-∞都有()0f x >;② 存在0x >使x xa 、x b 、x c 不能构成一个三角形的三边长;③ 若△ABC 为钝角三角形,存在(1,2)x ∈,使()0f x =. 其中正确的个数为( )A. 3个B. 2个C. 1个D. 0个12. 松江11. 如图同心圆中,大、小圆的半径分别为2和1,点P 在大圆上,PA 与小圆相切于点A ,Q 为小圆上的点,则PA PQ ⋅的取值范围是13. 嘉定11. 设等差数列{}n a 的各项都是正数,前n 项和为n S ,公差为d . 若数列也是公差 为d 的等差数列,则}{n a 的通项公式为n a =12. 设x ∈R ,用[]x 表示不超过x 的最大整数(如[2.32]2=,[ 4.76]5-=-),对于给定的*n ∈N ,定义(1)([]1)(1)([]1)xnn n n x C x x x x --+=--+ ,其中[1,)x ∈+∞,则当3[,3)2x ∈时,函数xC x f 10)(=的值域是16. 已知()f x 是偶函数,且()f x 在[0,)+∞上是增函数,若(1)(2)f ax f x +≤-在1[,1]2x ∈上恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是( )A. [2,1]-B. [2,0]-C. [1,1]-D. [1,0]-14. 宝山11. 设向量(,)m x y = ,(,)n x y =- ,P 为曲线1m n ⋅=(0)x >上的一个动点,若点P 到直 线10x y -+=的距离大于λ恒成立,则实数λ的最大值为15. 如图,在同一平面内,点P 位于两平行直线1l 、2l 两侧,且P 到1l 、2l 距离分别为1、3,点M 、N 分别在1l 、2l 上,||8PM PN +=,则PM PN ⋅ 的最大值为( )A. 15B. 12C. 10D. 916. 若存在t R ∈与正数m ,使()()F t m F t m -=+成立,则称“函数()F x 在x t =处存在距离为2m 的对称点”,设2()x f x xλ+=(0)x >,若对于任意t ∈,总存在正数 m ,使得“函数()f x 在x t =处存在距离为2m 的对称点”,则实数λ取值范围是( ) A. (0,2] B. (1,2] C. [1,2] D. [1,4]15奉贤区:11、已知实数y x ,满足方程1)1(122=-++-y a x )(,当)(0R b b y ∈≤≤时,由此方程可以确定一个偶函数,则抛物线221x y -=的焦点F 到点),(b a 的轨迹上点的距离最大值为 .12、设4321,,,x x x x 为自然数1,2,3,4的一个全排列,且满足643214321=-+-+-+-x x x x ,则这样的排列有 个.16、如图,在△ABC 中,Oc AB b AC a AB ,,,===是ABC∆的外心,,D BC OD 于⊥AC OE ⊥于E ,AB OF ⊥于F ,则OF OE OD ::等于( )A.c b a ::B.cb a 1:1:1 C.C B A sin :sin :sin D.C B A cos :cos :cos16普陀区:11、设0a <,若不等式22sin (1)cos 10+-+-≥x a x a 对于任意的x R ∈恒成立,则a 的取值范围是12、在ABC ∆中,D 、E 分别是AB 、AC 的中点,M 是直线DE 上的动点,若ABC ∆的面积为1,则2MB MC BC ⋅+ 的最小值为16、关于函数2sin y x =的判断,正确的是 ( )()A 最小正周期为2π,值域为[]1,1-,在区间,22ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上是单调减函数()B 最小正周期为π,值域为[]1,1-,在区间0,2π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上是单调减函数()C 最小正周期为π,值域为[]0,1,在区间0,2π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上是单调增函数()D 最小正周期为2π,值域为[]0,1,在区间,22ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上是单调增函数17杨浦区:11. 已知0a >,0b >,当21(4)a b ab++取到最小值时,b =12. 设函数()||||a f x x x a =+-,当a 在实数范围内变化时,在圆盘221x y +≤内,且不在 任一()a f x 的图像上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为16. 对于定义在R 上的函数()f x ,若存在正常数a 、b ,使得()()f x a f x b +≤+对一切x R ∈均成立,则称()f x 是“控制增长函数”,在以下四个函数中:① 2()1f x x x =++;② ()f x = 2()sin()f x x =;④ ()sin f x x x =⋅. 是“控制增长函数”的有( )A. ②③B. ③④C. ②③④D. ①②④18闵行区(2017二模闵行11)已知定点(1,1)A ,动点P 在圆221x y +=上,点P 关于直线y x =的对称点为P ',向量AQ QP '= ,O 是坐标原点,则||PQ的取值范围是(2017二模闵行12)已知递增数列{}n a 共有2017项,且各项均不为零,20171a =,如果从{}n a 中任取两项i a 、j a ,当i j <时,j i a a -仍是数列{}n a 中的项,则数列{}n a 的各项和2017S =(第11题图)16. 设函数()y f x =的定义域是R ,对于以下四个命题: ① 若()y f x =是奇函数,则(())y f f x =也是奇函数; ② 若()y f x =是周期函数,则(())y f f x =也是周期函数; ③ 若()y f x =是单调递减函数,则(())y f f x =也是单调递减函数;④ 若函数()y f x =存在反函数1()y f x -=,且函数1()()y f x f x -=-有零点,则函数()y f x x =-也有零点.其中正确的命题共有( )A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个19黄浦区(2017二模黄浦11)三棱锥P ABC -满足:AB AC ⊥,AB AP ⊥,2AB =,4AP AC +=,则该三棱锥的体积V 的取值范围是 .(2017二模黄浦12)对于数列{}n a ,若存在正整数T ,对于任意正整数n 都有n T n a a +=成立,则称数列{}n a 是以T 为周期的周期数列.设1(01)b m m =<<,对任意正整数n 都有111)1(01) (n n n n nb b b b b +->⎧⎪=⎨<⎪⎩≤,,若数列{}n b 是以5为周期的周期数列,则m 的值可以是 .(只要求填写满足条件的一个m 值即可)(2017二模黄浦16)如图所示,2π3BAC ∠=,圆M 与,AB AC 分别相切于点,D E , AD 1=,点P 是圆M 及其内部任意一点,且AP xAD yAE =+(,)x y ∈R ,则x y +的取值范围是( )A.[1,4+ B.[4-+ C.[1,2D.[220宝山区(2017二模宝山11)11. 设向量(,)m x y = ,(,)n x y =-,P 为曲线1m n ⋅= (0)x >上的一个动点,若点P 到直线10x y -+=的距离大于λ恒成立,则实数λ的最大值为(2017二模宝山12)设1x 、2x 、…、10x 为1、2、…、10的一个排列,则满足对任意正整数m 、n ,且110m n ≤<≤,都有m n x m x n +≤+成立的不同排列的个数为(第16题图)(2017二模宝山16)16. 若存在t R ∈与正数m ,使()()F t m F t m -=+成立,则称“函数()F x 在x t =处存在距离为2m 的对称点”,设2()x f x xλ+=(0)x >,若对于任意t ∈,总存在正数m ,使得“函数()f x 在x t =处存在距离为2m 的对称点”,则实数λ取值范围是( )A. (0,2]B. (1,2]C. [1,2]D. [1,4]21浦东新区(2017二模浦东11)已知各项均为正数的数列{}n a 满足:()()()11210N n n n n a a a a n *++--=∈,且101a a =,则首项1a 所有可能取值中的最大值为____________.(2017二模浦东12)已知平面上三个不同的单位向量,,a b c 满足12a b b c ⋅=⋅= ,若e 为平面内的任意单位向量,则23a e b e c e ⋅+⋅+⋅的最大值为____________.(2017二模浦东16)已知等比数列1234,,,a a a a 满足()10,1a ∈,()21,2a ∈,()32,4a ∈,则4a 的取值范围是( )A 、()3,8;B 、()2,16;C 、()4,8;D 、()青浦、长宁、金山区(2017二模青浦11)已知函数()a x x x f -=,若对于任意的,[][]2121,3,2,3,2x x x x ≠∈∈恒有()()222121x f x f x x f +>⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+,则实数a 的取值范围是____________.(2017二模青浦12)对于给定的实数0>k ,函数()xkx f =的图像上总存在点C ,使得以C 为圆心,1为半径的圆上有两个不同的点到原点O 的距离为2,则k 的取值范围是_____________.(2017二模青浦16)设1x 、2x 、…、10x 为1、2、…、10的一个排列,则满足对任意正整数m 、n ,且110m n ≤<≤,都有m n x m x n +≤+成立的不同排列的个数为( ) A 、512; B 、256; C 、255()4,8; D 、64静安区10、若适合不等式2435x x k x -++-≤的x 最大值为3,则实数k 的值为 。
2017年杨浦二模试卷(校对标准答案版)

杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2017.4本试卷分为第I卷(第1-13页)和第II卷(第14页)两部分。
全卷共14页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
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第I卷中的第21-30小题,IV. Summary writing部分和第II卷的试题,其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内,如用铅笔答题,或写在试卷上则无效。
第I卷(共100分)I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversions between two speakers. At the end of each conversion, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.1:00p.m. B.2:03p.m.C.2:30p.m.D.2:45p.m2.A .Jon Smith isn’t in right now.B .The man dialed the wrong number.C. John Smith can’t answer the phone right now.D. The woman is busy working and can’t find John Smith.3. A. Delivering newspaper. B .Picking Fruit.C. Baby-sitting.D. Posting advertisements.4. A. At home. B. At a hair-dresser.C. In the office.D. In a library.5. A. Cook and baker. B. Waitress and diner.C. Tailor and customer.D. Boss and secretary.6 .A. The man forgot saying something about the exam.B. The man said something that annoyed Jess.C. The man didn’t care about the exam.D. The man kept talking in the exam.7. A. The boys are badly spoiled.B. The man gives them too much money.C. They should learn to manage money.D. She wants to save money for the boys.8. A. Delighted. B. Excited.C. Puzzled.D. Disappointed.9. A. Rebecca doesn’t work hard enough.B. Rebecca never falls asleep in class.C. Rebecca has a Japanese cultural background.D. Rebecca’s parents urge her to have more sleep.10. A. Cindy is satisfied with her new hair style.B. Cindy is suffering from a serious hair loss.C. Cindy found her new image unbelievably nice.D. Cindy’s hairstylist didn’t understand her requirement.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear several longer conversion(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation (s) and the passage(s).The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only twice. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In Sichuan province in 2013.B .In Washington, DC in 2000.C. In Washington, DC in 2013.D. In Sichuan province in 2000.12. A. She was seriously ill.B. her parents missed her too much.C. She was not accustomed to the food there.D. Pandas born outside China must come back before 4.13. A. Many US people saw her off at the airplane.B. It took her 6hours to come back home by plane.C. She was accompanied by a diplomat and doctor.D. A variety of food was prepared on the plane by Chinese zoo.Question 14 though 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They speak too carefully.B. They don’t like foreigners.C. .They use jokes and slangD. They are poor at communication.15. A. You are as beautiful as a queen. B. No problems.C. You are serious about small matters.D. Don’t play drams.16. A. Imitate their pronunciation.B. Point out their lake of patience.C. Learn to speak internationally.D. Ask them to speak slowly and clearly.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A cell phone that had just been released.B. A cell phone whose price had just dropped.C. cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.D. A cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.18. A. He was afraid the product he wanted would be sold out soon.B. He thought that the new technology was worth the full price.C. He predicted that the prices of well-designed products would go up.D. He knew products from this company seldom offered a discount.19. A. She picked one model and bought it without hesitation.B. She was always the first one to try out latest models.C.She often consulted product reviews before purchase.D. She compared prices and bought the more expensive one.20A. Most companies overstate the function of their products.B. Different people have different values and principles.C. The man admitted that he bought the cell phone too hastily.D. The woman was more experienced in buying expensive products.II Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in (21) ______60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.The woman looked down,(22) ______(shake) her head and said:“Not so good. My husband just lost job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.My heat ached. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. (23)____ I offer to pay for her groceries or ask for her husband’s resume?As i walked into the parking lot, I saw the woman (24)_______ (return) her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse (25)______ I thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful ofcash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.My heart pounded as I approached the woman.“Excuse me,” I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like to give you something.”I handed her the small card from my purse.When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said: “You have no idea (26) ____ this means to me.”I was a little startled by her reply. (27)_____ (not do) anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. All left for me (28)______(say) was: “ Oh, Would it be OK to give you a hug?”(29)______ we embraced, I walked back to my car -- and began to cry, too.The words on the card?“You Matter.”A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card (30) ___encouragement for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, but the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the geological society of American journal by a group of researchers, “Zealandia’’is a new continent that’s 31 beneath the ocean.Zealandia is 32 to be five million sq km. Most of this massive area is covered by water, but its highest mountains already have their own name: New Zealand.The small country is the only part of new Zealandia that isn't under water, but the paper’s authors want the huge landmass to be 33 worldwide as its own continent.‘The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a continent is much more than just an extra name on a list,’ the researchers wrote in their paper.Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started 34 research on the area using underwater and satellite mapping 35 . After completing their work, they were finally able to write a report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.But who decided on what is a continent and what isn't? There is ,in fact, no official organization that does some countries teach that there are six or even five continents. This changes depending on where in the world the school is.Due to their 36 as a continuous expanse of land, some classify Europe and Asia as the same continent-known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.And to making things even more confusing, France and Greece, as well as some other countries, classify North America and South American as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even 37 into outer space. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided that Pluto was no longer a planet ,met the requirements needed to be called a planet ,76 years after its 38 in 1930, experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to called a planet alongside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a “dwarf planet(矮行星)”,meaning that 39 books, models and museum exhibits all over world had to be 40 .But will be the world take the same notice of new Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.III .Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a b and c fill in each blanks with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Good news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could 41 up like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever 42 by scientists. According to41. A. hold B. wake C. end D. cheer42. A. carried out B. applied to C. participated in D. made up43. A. incredible B. accessible C. changeable D. recognizable44. A. assemble B. assess C. assume D. access45. A. alternative B. individual C. original D. separate46. A. score B. rate C. comment D. remark47.A. comparing B. reviewing C. presenting D. observing48. A. young B. similar C. amateur D. differentbination B. stability C. transformation D. flexibility50.A. increasingly B. strangely C. subsequently D. obviously51.A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise52.A. stronger B. closer C. further D. weaker53.A. option B. sign C. symptom D. cause54.A. replaced B. exposed C. divided D. cultivated55.A. stuck in mud B. buried in sand C. lost in thought D.set in stoneS ection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by going their own food. However, not everyone live on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 1,000 in North America alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a range of other benefits.Community gardens are located in a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden’s members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing, and so on. However, because they’ve shared by many people, individual gardeners pay very littleA community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits vegetables, in addition be beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden’sbenefits don’t stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area’s crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London’s Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities.56. Community gardens are designed for those whoA. are concerned about food safetyB. live in a house with a private plotC. can’t afford to buy organic foodD. don’t have their own property57. New York CityA. is owned by 20,000 individual gardensB. charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencingC. contains more than 750 community gardensD. is tended by professional gardeners and local residents58. What’s the benefit of community gardens?A. People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat.B. Residents are more familiar and related with each other.C. The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste.D. People can make some Profits from the visiting tourists.59. The understood word “oases” is closest in meaning toA. cultural and art centers B, popular platforms for exchangesC. peaceful and safe landsD. commercial and prosperous places(B)African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern Africa-These tips will enhance The experience that you have Things to Consider Before Booking an African Safari1)Book in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than a year in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more... 2)Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different topography and weather patterns -this greatly affects animal movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, then some parks are better than others for certain species. Show more...3)Choosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalised. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300people. Show more...4)GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game guides at any Safari camp is almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more...5)What’s the Best Time of Year to go on SafariUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to find out the best time of year for the safari area that you are intending to visit Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Show more...6)The PricesGoing on Safari is not cheap whichever way you do it, but the price range can be enormous. Unfortunately, safaris in most cases a case of “you pay for what you get”. Show more...7)Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, where road transfers are just not practical or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of the safari substantially but generally they are worth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of safari camps in different locations. Show more...8)Use an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed above, there is great deal tounderstand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff. Show more...CONTACT US NOW TO HELP YOU PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideas60.Which is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A.Means of transport.B.Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides61.John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it in ____.A.July 2018B.January 2018C.July 2017D.October 201762.Which of the following is FALSE about African Safari?A.You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.B.If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.C.The more money you pay, the better experience you’ll get.D.Not all the parks have the same species of animals.(C)A busy brain can mean a hungry body. We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain. Whose capacity to store fuel is very limited.So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or caloric expenditure, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students.Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institution recently experimented with exercise to counter such post-study food binges.Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B., oversaw the study, which was published this month in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Hunter notes that strenuous activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐) — a byproduct of intense muscle contractions(收缩)— circulating in the blood and augments blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirty--eight healthy college students were invited to U.A.B.’s exercise lab to report what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes tackling selections from college and graduate--school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza. The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should prompt the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too. But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the researchers calculated that the exercisers consumed about 25 fewer calories than they did during their baseline session. The non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more.The study has limitations, of course. We only looked at lunch, Hunter says; the researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call.63.According to the passage, ____may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight.A.A lot of energy-consuming mental activitiesB.Numerous physical movements or calorie burningC.Failure to resist the temptation of delicious foodD.Bodily hunger caused by physical growth64.The underlined word “counter” is closest in meaning to ___.A.StimulateB.MaximizeC.BalanceD.Prevent65.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Running is more beneficial than walking.B.Sweating in exercise can make people hungrierC.The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people’s appetite.D.When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do exercise for relaxation.66.Which of the following statements is FALSE?A.Mental activities can make people feel hungry.B.Physical exercise can make people refreshed and stay hungry.C.Sugar and lactate can help energize and restore people’s brain.D.It’s uncertain what types of exercise can effectively feed the brain.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech, you’ll know the social problems it can cause.67But there’s no need for embarrassment. Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our head, is -valuable. Far from being a sign of insanity, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities and control our emotions.For example, take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys. Your are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and talking about her problems.68 We do a lot of it when we are young.As according to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older, we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking. Our words give us an interesting view of our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.69 if you want proof, turn on sports channel. You’re sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problem and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places, just like a regular dialogue, and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.Both kinds of self-talk – silent and out loud – seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking. 70 .IV. Summery WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years, people have across the oceans to trade, explore, and transport goods. However ,not every ship arrives at its port of destination. Weather, war, navigation mistakes, and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks, which are estimated to number more than three million, have long fascinated us. In addition to being historically important, they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters. Ships carrying documents and artifacts can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events. For instance, in 1977 the Pandora, which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia. The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny(暴动) on another ship—the Bounty. Another important discovery of the US coast is 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge, the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration, as companies use advanced sonar, robots, and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships. One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration. The company has found hundreds of ships, including, in 2007, Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship, which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean, Carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million. Soon after the discovery, a long legal battle over ownership rights tool place between the company and the Spanish government. Cases like these are part of an ongoing debates about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________60第II卷(共46分)I TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.新颁布的禁烟令得到了广大市民的支持。
2017杨浦二模数学评分标准

初三数学质量调研试卷答案—1—杨浦区初三数学质量调研答案及评分建议2017.4一、 选择题(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)1. C ; 2.B ; 3. B ; 4. A ; 5. D ;6. D二、 填空题(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.略; 8.1x y-+; 9.(a a a -+; 10. 45x <<; 11. 2-2或; 12. 增大;13. 2(4)2y x =+-; 14. 54; 15. 15; 16. 30; 17. 1010cot tan αβ+; 18.3. 三、 解答题(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.(本题满分10分)解:原式331(7-÷+--…………………………………………………(6分)=117-+-+2分)=7…………………………………………………………………………(2分)20.(本题满分10分)解:去分母得3(1)(3)(1)(3)x x x x --+=-+. ………………………………………(3分) 整理得 2230x x --=. ………………………………………………………(3分) (1)(3)0x x +-=. ……………………………………………………(1分) 解得 11x =-,13x =. ……………………………………………………(2分) 经检验11x =-,13x =都是原方程的根.……………………………………………(1分)21.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题5分,第(2)小题5分)解:(1)作CH ⊥AB ,垂足为点H .∵tan A =34,∴设CH =3x ,那么AH =4x . ……………………………………(1分) ∵∠ABC =45°,∴BH =CH =3x . ………………………………………………(1分) ∵AB =14,∴3x +4x =14. ………………………………………………………(1分) ∴x =2,即CH =6. ………………………………………………………………(1分) ∴△ABC 的面积等于42. ………………………………………………………(1分)(2)设圆A 的半径为R A ,圆C 的半径为R C .∵以C 为圆心的的圆C 与直线AB 相切,∴R C =CH =6. ………………………………………………………………………(1分) ∵圆A 与圆C 相切,∴AC = R A + R C ,或AC = R A - R C . ………………………(2分) ∵CH =6,AH =8,∴AC =10.∴10= R A +6,或10= R A -6.∴R A =4或16. ………………………………………………………………………(2分) 即圆A 的半径为4或16.初三数学质量调研试卷答案—2—22.(本题满分10分,第(1)、(2)小题各2分,第(3)小题6分)解:(1) x =20……………………………………………………………………………(2分)(2) 0<x <20 ……………………………………………………………………………(2分)(3) 因为射线OC 过点(20,200),所以射线OC 的表达式是y 2=10x ,…………(1分) 过点(30,0)作y 轴的平行线交OC 于点E ,交AB 于点F ,所以E (30,300),……………………………………………………………………(1分) 所以 F (30,250)……………………………………………………………………(1分) 设射线AB 的表达式为y 1=kx +b (k ≠0)所以25030,20020k b k b=+⎧⎨=+⎩……………………………………………………………………(1分)解得5,100.k b =⎧⎨=⎩所以射线AB 的表达式为5100(10)y x x =+≥………………(1分,1分) 23.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题7分,第(2)小题5分)(1) 证明:∵BD ⊥BC ,∴∠DBE +∠EBC =90°.∵AB ⊥BE ,∴∠DBE +∠ABD =90°. ∴∠EBC =∠ABD. …………………(1分) ∵E 为边CD 的中点,∴12BE DC =,即BE =EC ,…………………(1分) ∴∠EBC =∠C. ∴∠C =∠ABD. …………………………………………(1分)∵BD 平分∠ADE ,∴∠ADB =∠BDC. ……………………………………(1分)∴△ABD ∽△BCD . ………………………………………………………(1分) ∴AD BD BD DC=.……………………………………………………………(1分) ∴2BD AD DC =⋅.………………………………………………………(1分)(2) 证明: ∵△ABD ∽△BCD ,∴∠A =∠DBC .∵BD ⊥BC ,∴∠DBC =90°. ∴∠A =90°.∵BD =BC ,E 为边CD 的中点,∴BE ⊥DC ,即∠BED =90°.∵AB ⊥BE ,即∠ABE =90°,∴ABED 为矩形.∵BD ⊥BC ,E 为边CD 的中点,∴1,2BE DC DE ==∴ABED 为正方形. …………………………………………………………(2分)∴AE ⊥BD ,且AE =BD .∵BD ⊥BC ,∴AE //BC .∵BD =BC ,∴AE =BC . ……………………………………………………(2分)∴ABCE 为平行四边形. ……………………………………………………(1分)初三数学质量调研试卷答案—3— 24.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题3分,第(3)小题5分)解:(1)∵抛物线2y ax x c =-+的对称轴为直线x =1,∴12a =. ∵抛物线与x 轴的一个交点为A (-1,0),∴32c =-. ∴抛物线的表达式为21322y x x =--.………………………………………………(2分) ∴顶点B (1,-2). …………………………………………………………………(1分) ∵点C (5,m )在抛物线上,∴6m =. ∴C 点坐标为(5,6).设直线BC 的表达式为y =kx +b (k ≠0),则652k b k b=+⎧⎨-=+⎩,∴2,4.k b =⎧⎨=-⎩即BC 的表达式为y =2x -4.∴E (2,0). ……………………………………………………………………………(1分)(2)作CH ⊥x 轴,垂足为H ,作BP ⊥x 轴,垂足为P ,∵C (5,6),A (-1,0),∴CH =6=AH . ∴∠CAH=45°.∵B (1,-2),A (-1,0),∴BP =2=AP . ∴∠BAP=45°.∴∠CAB=90°. …………………………………………………………………………(1分) ∵CH =6=AH ,CH ⊥x轴,∴AC =∵BP =2=AP ,BP ⊥x轴,∴AB = ∴tan 3.AC B AB∠==…………………………………………………………………(2分) (3)∵∠CAB=90°,∴∠B +∠ACB =90°.∵GM ⊥BC ,∴∠CGM +∠ACB =90°. ∴∠CGM =∠B . ………………………………(1分) ∵△CGM 与△ABE 相似,∴∠BAE =∠CMG 或∠BAE =∠MCG .情况1:当∠BAE =∠CMG 时,∵∠BAE =45°,∴∠CMG =45°. ∵GM ⊥BC ,∴∠MCE =45°. ∴∠MCE =∠EAB .∵∠AEB =∠CEM ,∴△ABE ∽△CME . ……………………………………………(1分) ∴BE AE EM CE =.即EM =∴EM =5. ∴M (7,0). ……………………………(1分) 情况2:当∠BAE =∠MCG 时,∵∠BAE =∠CAM ,∴∠MCG =∠CAM . ∴MC =MA . ………………………………(1分) 设M (x ,0),∵C (5,6),A (-1,0),∴222(1)(5)6.x x +=-+∴x=5.∴M (5,0). …………………………………………………………………………(1分)初三数学质量调研试卷答案—4— 25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题5分,第(3)小题5 分)解:(1)∵AODE 为矩形,∴AD =OE ,且AD =2AC ,OE =2OC . ………………………(1分)∵点C 在»AB 上,∴OA =OC . ……………………………………………………(1分)∴OE =2OC =2OA . ∴AD =2OA . …………………………………………………(1分) ∵AODE 为矩形,∴AO ⊥OD .∴∠ADO =30°. …………………………………………………………………(1分)(2)作OH ⊥AC ,垂足为H .∵O 为圆心,∴AH =HC . ……………………………………………………………(1分)∵ AC =6,∴AH =3.∵∠AOB =90°,∴AO ⊥OD . ∵ED ⊥OD ,∴AO //ED .∴AC AO CD DE =. ∵AC =6,AO =5,CD =65DE . ………………………………………(1分) ∵AO ⊥OD ,OH ⊥AC ,∴cos AH AO A AO AD ==. 356565DE =+. ……………(1分) ∴DE =3518.………………………………………………………………………………(2分) (3)∠BCD 的大小不变. …………………………………………………………………(1分) 设∠A =α,∠OBC =β∵O 为圆心,点C 为»AB上,∴OA =OC =OB . ∴∠ACO = ∠A =α,∠OCB =∠OBC =β. ……………………………………………(1分) ∴∠AOC =1802α︒-,∠BOC =1802β︒-.………………………………………(1分)∵∠AOB =90°,∴1802α︒-+1802β︒-=90°. ∴135αβ+=︒.………………(1分) ∴∠BCD=180()45αβ︒-+=︒.…………………………………………………(1分)。
2017年浦东区高考数学二模试卷含答案

2017年浦东区高考数学二模试卷含答案LT2017年浦东新区高考数学二模试卷含答案2017.4一、填空题(本大题共有12小题,满分54分)只要求直接填写结果,1-6题每个空格填对得4分,7-12题每个空格填对得5分,否则一律得零分. 1. 已知集合201x A x x ⎧-⎫=≥⎨⎬+⎩⎭,集合{|04}B y y =≤<,则A B =____________.2. 若直线l 的参数方程为44,23x tt y t =-⎧∈⎨=-+⎩R ,则直线l 在y 轴上的截距是____________.3. 已知圆锥的母线长为4,母线与旋转轴的夹角为30°,则该圆锥的侧面积为____________.4. 抛物线214y x =的焦点到准线的距离为____________. 5. 已知关于,x y 的二元一次方程组的增广矩阵为215120⎛⎫⎪-⎝⎭,则3x y -=____________.6. 若三个数123,,a a a 的方差为1,则12332,32,32a a a +++的方差为____________.7. 已知射手甲击中A 目标的概率为0.9,射手乙击中A 目标的概率为0.8,若甲、乙两人各向A 目标射击一次,则射手甲或射手乙击中A 目标的概率是____________.8. 函数3sin ,0,62y x x ππ⎛⎫⎡⎤=-∈ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦的单调递减区间是____________.9. 已知等差数列{}na 的公差为2,前n 项和为nS ,则1limnn n n S a a →∞+=____________.10. 已知定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足:①()(2)0f x f x +-=;②()(2)0f x f x ---=;③在[1,1]-上的表达式为21,[1,0]()1,(0,1]x x f x x x ⎧⎪-∈-=⎨-∈⎪⎩,则函数()f x 与函数122,0()log ,0x x g x x x ⎧≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩的图像在区间[3,3]-上的交点的个数为____________. 11. 已知各项均为正数的数列{}n a 满足:*11(2)(1)0()n n n n a a a a n ++--=∈N ,且110aa =,则首项1a 所有可能取值中的最大值为____________.12. 已知平面上三个不同的单位向量,,满足·=·=12,若为平面内的任意单位向量,则的最大值为____________.二、选择题(本大题共有 4 小题,满分 20 分) 每小题都给出四个选项,其中有且只有一个选项是正确的,选对得 5 分,否则一律得零分.13、若复数z 满足2=-++i z i z ,则复数z 在平面上对应的图形是( )A.椭圆B.双曲线C.直线D.线段 14、已知长方体切去一个角的几何体直观图如图所示,给出下列4个平面图:则该几何体的主视图、俯视图、左视图的序号依次是()A.(1)(3)(4)B.(2)(4)(3)C.(1)(3)(2)D.(2)(4)(1)15、已知x x cos 1sin 2+=,则=2cot x ( )A.2B.2或21C.2或0D.21或0 16、已知等比数列1a ,2a ,3a ,4a 满足)1,0(1∈a ,)2,1(2∈a,)4,2(3∈a ,则4a 的取值范围是( )A.)83(,B.)162(,C.)84(,D.(226),1三、解答题(本大题共有5小题,满分76分) 17. (本小题满分14分,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分)如图所示,球O 的球心O 在空间直角坐标系O xyz -的原点,半径为1,且球O 分别与,,x y z 轴的正半轴交于,,A B C 三点. 已知球面上一点310,,22D ⎛⎫-⎪ ⎪⎝⎭.(1)求,D C 两点在球O 上的球面距离;(2)求直线CD 与平面ABC 所成角的大小.18. (本小题满分14分,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分)某地计划在一处海滩建造一个养殖场.(1)如图,射线,OA OB 为海岸线,23AOB π∠=,现用长度为1千米的围网PQ 依托海岸线围成一个△POQ 的养殖场,问如何选取点,P Q ,才能使养殖场△POQ 的面积最大,并求其最大面积.(2)如图,直线l 为海岸线,现用长度为1千米的围网依托海岸线围成一个养殖场.方案一:围成三角形OAB (点,A B 在直线l 上),使三角形OAB 面积最大,设其为1S ;方案二:围成弓形CDE (点,D E 在直线l 上,C 是优弧所在圆的圆心且23DCE π∠=),其面积为2S ;试求出1S 的最大值和2S (均精确到0.01平方千米),并指出哪一种设计方案更好.19. (本小题满分14分,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分) 已知双曲线22:143x y C -=,其右顶点为P .(1)求以P 为圆心,且与双曲线C 的两条渐近线都相切的圆的标准方程;(2)设直线l 过点P ,其法向量为=(1,1)-,若在双曲线C 上恰有三个点123,,P P P 到直线l 的距离均为d ,求d 的值.20、(本小题满分16分,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分) 若数列{}nA 对任意的*N n ∈,都有kn n A A=+1()0≠k ,且0≠nA,则称数列{}nA 为“k 级创新数列”.(1)已知数列{}na 满足nn n a a a2221+=+且211=a,试判断数列{}12+na是否为“2级创新数列”,并说明理由;(2)已知正数数列{}nb 为“k 级创新数列”且1≠k ,若101=b ,求数列{}nb 的前n 项积nT ;(3)设βα,是方程012=--x x的两个实根)(βα>,令αβ=k ,在(2)的条件下,记数列{}nc 的通项nb n nT cn log 1⋅=-β,求证:nn n c c c +=++12,*N n ∈.21、(本题满分18分,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分)对于定义域为R 的函数)(x g ,若函数[])(sin x g 是奇函数,则称)(x g 为正弦奇函数.已知)(x f 是单调递增的正弦奇函数,其值域为R ,)0(=f .(1)已知)(x g 是正弦奇函数,证明:“0u 为方程[]1)(sin =x g 的解”的充要条件是“0u -为方程[]1)(sin -=x g 的解”;(2)若2)(π=a f ,2)(π-=b f ,求b a +的值; (3)证明:)(x f 是奇函数.郭老师 高中数学10 / 13参考答案1. [2,4)2. 13. 8π4. 25. 56. 97. 0.98 8.20,3π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦9. 14 10. 6 11. 1612. 13. D 14. C 15. C 16. D17. (1)3DC π= (2)θ= 18. (1)选取3OP OQ ==时养殖场△POQ 的面积最大,max12S=(平方千米) (2)1max18S=(平方千米),20.144S≈(平方千米)12S S <,方案二所围成的养殖场面积较大,方案二更好 19. (1)2212(2)7x y -+=(2)2d =220. (1)是 (2)1*110()n k knTn --=∈N。
2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷

2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷一、填空题(本大题满分54分)共12小题,1-6题每题4分,7-12题每题5分1. 若“”,则“”是________命题(填:真、假)【答案】真【考点】命题的真假判断与应用不等式的概念与应用【解析】利用函数在是单调增函数判定.【解答】解:函数在是单调增函数,∴当,一定有,故是真命题答案为:真.2. 已知,,若,则的取值范围是________.【答案】.【考点】并集及其运算【解析】利用集合的性质直接求解,解题时要注意的是是成立的【解答】解:若,,,必有;故答案为:.3. (为虚数单位),则________.【答案】【考点】复数的模【解析】设,代入,化为:,利用复数相等即可得出.【解答】解:设,∵,∴,化为:,∴,,解得,.∴.故答案为:.4. 若中,,,则面积的最大值是________.【答案】【考点】正弦定理【解析】由条件可得的面积,再利用正弦函数的值域、基本不等式求得的最大值.【解答】解:在中,∵,,∴的面积,当且仅当时取等号,故答案为:.5. 若函数的反函数的图象经过点,则________.【答案】【考点】反函数【解析】由函数的反函数的图象经过点,得函数的图象经过点,代入计算可得结论.【解答】解:∵函数的反函数的图象经过点,∴函数的图象经过点,∴,∴,故答案为.6. 过半径为的球表面上一点作球的截面,若与该截面所成的角是,则该截面的面积是________.【答案】【考点】直线与平面所成的角球的性质【解析】充分利用球的半径、球心与截面圆心的连线、在截面圆上的射影构成的直角三角形解决即可.【解答】设截面的圆心为,由题意得:,,∴.7. 抛掷一枚均匀的骰子(刻有,,,,,)三次,得到的数字依次记作,,,则(为虚数单位)是方程的根的概率是________.【答案】【考点】古典概型及其概率计算公式【解析】基本事件总数,由(为虚数单位)是方程的根,得,,由此能求出(为虚数单位)是方程的根的概率.【解答】解:抛掷一枚均匀的骰子(刻有,,,,,)三次,得到的数字依次记作,,,基本事件总数,∵(为虚数单位)是方程的根,∴,即,∴,,∴(为虚数单位)是方程的根包含的基本事件为:,,∴(为虚数单位)是方程的根的概率是.故答案为:.8. 设常数,展开式中的系数为,则________.【答案】【考点】二项式定理的应用【解析】由,根据的系数为,求出,从而,解得,由此能求出的值.【解答】解:∵常数,展开式中的系数为,∴,当时,,∴,解得,∴,∴.故答案为:.9. 已知直线经过点且方向向量为,则原点到直线的距离为________.【答案】【考点】点到直线的距离公式【解析】通过方向向量求出直线的斜率,利用点斜式写出直线方程,通过点到直线的距离求解即可.【解答】解:直线的方向向量为,所以直线的斜率为:,直线方程为:,由点到直线的距离可知:;故答案为:.10. 若双曲线的一条渐近线为,且双曲线与抛物线的准线仅有一个公共点,则此双曲线的标准方程为________.【答案】【考点】直线与抛物线的位置关系抛物线的求解直线与双曲线的位置关系【解析】求出抛物线的准线方程,得到双曲线的实半轴的长,利用双曲线的渐近线方程,求解即可.【解答】解:抛物线的准线:,双曲线与抛物线的准线仅有一个公共点,可得双曲线实半轴长为,焦点在轴上.双曲线的一条渐近线为,∴,可得,则此双曲线的标准方程为:.故答案为:.11. 平面直角坐标系中,给出点,,若直线存在点,使得,则实数的取值范围是________.【答案】或【考点】两点间的距离公式【解析】根据题意,设出点,代入,化简得,由,求出实数的取值范围.【解答】解:设,∵,∴,∴,化简得,则,解得或,即实数的取值范围是或.故答案为:或.12. 已知偶函数满足,且在时,,若存在,,…满足,且(,则最小值为________.【答案】【考点】函数的最值及其几何意义【解析】由函数是最小正周期为的偶函数可知函数的值域为,对任意,,…,,都有,要使取得最小值,尽可能多让,…,取得最高点,然后可得的最小值.【解答】解:∵偶函数满足,∴函数是周期为4的偶函数,且当时,,∴函数的值域为,对任意,,…,,都有,若,注意到在上是单调递减函数,,,则,∴不妨设当时,,要使取得最小值,则尽可能多让,…,取得最高点与最低点,且,,,∵,且,=2018,根据,且,相应的最小值为.故答案为:.二、选择题(本大题共4题,满分20分)若与都是非零向量,则“”是“”的()A.充分但非必要条件B.必要但非充分条件C.充要条件D.既非充分也非必要条件【答案】C【考点】平面向量数量积的运算必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断【解析】根据向量数量积运算和向量垂直的充要条件,可得答案.【解答】解:“”“”“”“”,故“”是“”的充要条件,故选:行列式中,元素的代数余子式的值为()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【考点】二阶行列式的定义【解析】利用代数余子式的定义和性质求解.【解答】解:∵行列式,∴元素的代数余子式为:.故选:.一个公司有名员工,其中名员工的月工资分别为,,,,,,另两名员工数据不清楚,那么位员工月工资的中位数不可能是()A. B. C. D.【答案】D【考点】众数、中位数、平均数【解析】由已知能求出位员工月工资的中位数的取值区间为,由此能求出结果.【解答】∵一个公司有名员工,其中名员工的月工资分别为,,,,,,∴当另外两名员工的工资都小于时,中位数为,当另外两名员工的工资都大于时,中位数为,∴位员工月工资的中位数的取值区间为,∴位员工月工资的中位数不可能是若直线通过点,则下列不等式正确的是()A. B.C. D.【答案】D【考点】不等式比较两数大小【解析】先把点代入得到,即可得到,得到,问题得以判断【解答】解:直线通过点,∴,∴,其中,∴,∴,∴,故选:三、解答题(满分76分)共5题某柱体实心铜制零件的截面边长是长度为毫米线段和毫米的线段以及圆心为,半径为的一段圆弧构成,其中.(1)求半径的长度;(2)现知该零件的厚度为毫米,试求该零件的重量(每个立方厘米铜重克,按四舍五入精确到克).柱底.【答案】解:(1)∵,,,.,∴在中,由余弦定理可得:,可得:,∴解得:.(2)在中,,,,,∴.∴.柱底扇形该零件的重量.【考点】弧长公式【解析】(1)在中,由余弦定理建立方程,即可求半径的长度;(2)求出柱底,即可求该零件的重.量【解答】解:(1)∵,,,.,∴在中,由余弦定理可得:,可得:,∴解得:.(2)在中,,,,,∴.∴.柱底扇形该零件的重量.如图所示,,是互相垂直的异面直线,是它们的公垂线段,点,在直线上,且位于点的两侧,在上,(1)求证:异面直线与垂直;(2)若四面体的体积,求异面直线,之间的距离.【答案】解:(1)证明:由已知,,,可得平面.由已知,,可知且.又为在平面内的射影.∴(2)∵,是它们的公垂线段,就是异面直线,之间的距离,由中垂线的性质可得,四面体的体积,可得:,∴.异面直线,之间的距离为.【考点】点、线、面间的距离计算【解析】(1)欲证,可先证面,根据线面垂直的判定定理只需证,即可;(2)判断异面直线的距离,利用体积公式求解即可.【解答】解:(1)证明:由已知,,,可得平面.由已知,,可知且.又为在平面内的射影.∴(2)∵,是它们的公垂线段,就是异面直线,之间的距离,由中垂线的性质可得,四面体的体积,可得:,∴.异面直线,之间的距离为.如图所示,椭圆,左右焦点分别记作,,过,分别作直线,交椭圆,,且.(1)当直线的斜率与直线的斜率都存在时,求证:为定值;(2)求四边形面积的最大值.【答案】(1)证明:由椭圆,得,,∴.设,则所在直线方程为,所在直线方程为,联立,得.解得,不妨取,则同理求得,.则,则;(2)解:由(1)知,,.、的距离,∴.四边形令,则,∴当时,.【考点】直线与椭圆的位置关系【解析】(1)由椭圆方程求出焦点坐标,得到直线、的方程,与椭圆方程联立求得、的坐标,求出所在直线斜率得答案;(2)由(1)结合弦长公式求得,再由两平行线间的距离公式求出边、的距离,代入平行四边形面积公式,利用换元法求得最值.【解答】(1)证明:由椭圆,得,,∴.设,则所在直线方程为,所在直线方程为,联立,得.解得,不妨取,则同理求得,.则,则;(2)解:由(1)知,,.、的距离,∴.四边形令,则,∴当时,.数列,定义为数列的一阶差分数列,其中(1)若,试判断是否是等差数列,并说明理由;(2)若,,求数列的通项公式;(3)对中的数列,是否存在等差数列,使得,对一切都成立,若存在,求出数列的通项公式,若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】解:(1)若,试判断是等差数列,理由如下:∵,∴,∵,且,∴是首项为,公差为的等差数列;(2)∵.,∴,∴,∴数列构成以为首项,为公差的等差数列,即;(3),即,∵,∴存在等差数列,,使得对一切自然都成立.【考点】数列的求和数列递推式【解析】(1)根据数列的通项公式,结合新定义,可判定是首项为,公差为的等差数列;(2)由入手能够求出数列的通项公式;(3)结合组合数的性质:进行求解.【解答】解:(1)若,试判断是等差数列,理由如下:∵,∴,∵,且,∴是首项为,公差为的等差数列;(2)∵.,∴,∴,∴数列构成以为首项,为公差的等差数列,即;(3),即,∵,∴存在等差数列,,使得对一切自然都成立.对于函数,若存在正常数,使得对任意的,都有成立,我们称函数为“同比不减函数”.(1)求证:对任意正常数,都不是“同比不减函数”;(2)若函数是“同比不减函数”,求的取值范围;(3)是否存在正常数,使得函数为“同比不减函数”;若存在,求的取值范围;若不存在,请说明理由.【答案】解:(1)∵,∴,由于与的小无法比较,∴不一定成立,∴对任意正常数,都不是“同比不减函数,(2)∵函数是“同比不减函数,∴恒成立,∴,∵,∴,(3)图象如图所示,由图象可知,只要把图象向左至少平移个单位,即对任意的,都有成立,∴.【考点】函数与方程的综合运用【解析】(1)根据同比不减函数的定义即可证明,(2)根据同比不减函数的定义,分离参数得到,根据三角形函数的性质即可求出的范围,(3)画出函数的图象,根据图象的平移即可求出的范围.【解答】解:(1)∵,∴,由于与的小无法比较,∴不一定成立,∴对任意正常数,都不是“同比不减函数,(2)∵函数是“同比不减函数,∴恒成立,∴,∵,∴,(3)图象如图所示,由图象可知,只要把图象向左至少平移个单位,即对任意的,都有成立,∴.。
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2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学二模试卷一、填空题1.(4分)三阶行列式中,5的余子式的值是.2.(4分)若实数ω>0,若函数f(x)=cos(ωx)+sin(ωx)的最小正周期为π,则ω=.3.(4分)已知圆锥的底面半径和高均为1,则该圆锥的侧面积为.4.(4分)设向量=(2,3),向量=(6,t),若与夹角为钝角,则实数t的取值范围为.5.(4分)集合A={1,3,a2},集合B={a+1,a+2},若B∪A=A,则实数a=.6.(4分)设z1、z2是方程z2+2z+3=0的两根,则|z1﹣z2|=.7.设f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,当x>0时,f(x)=2x﹣3,则不等式f(x)<﹣5的解为.8.若变量x、y满足约束条件,则z=y﹣x的最小值为.9.小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子,两人相互独立地进行,则小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为.10.设A是椭圆+=1(a>0)上的动点,点F的坐标为(﹣2,0),若满足|AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个,则实数a的取值范围为.11.已知a>0,b>0,当(a+4b)2+取到最小值时,b=.12.设函数f a(x)=|x|+|x﹣a|,当a在实数范围内变化时,在圆盘x2+y2≤1内,且不在任一f a(x)的图象上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为.二、选择题13.设z∈C且z≠0,“z是纯虚数”是“z2∈R”的()A.充分非必要条件 B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件14.设等差数列{a n}的公差为d,d≠0,若{a n}的前10项之和大于其前21项之和,则()A.d<0 B.d>0 C.a16<0 D.a16>015.如图,N、S是球O直径的两个端点,圆C1是经过N和S点的大圆,圆C2和圆C3分别是所在平面与NS垂直的大圆和小圆,圆C1和C2交于点A、B,圆C1和C3交于点C、D,设a、b、c分别表示圆C1上劣弧CND的弧长、圆C2上半圆弧AB的弧长、圆C3上半圆弧CD的弧长,则a、b、c的大小关系为()A.b>a=c B.b=c>a C.b>a>c D.b>c>a16.对于定义在R上的函数f(x),若存在正常数a、b,使得f(x+a)≤f(x)+b 对一切x∈R均成立,则称f(x)是“控制增长函数”,在以下四个函数中:①f (x)=x2+x+1;②f(x)=; ③f(x)=sin(x2);④f(x)=x•sinx.是“控制增长函数"的有()A.②③B.③④C.②③④D.①②④三、解答题17.(14分)如图,正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,AB=4,P、Q分别是棱BC与B1C1的中点.(1)求异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角的大小;(2)求以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积.18.(14分)已知函数f(x)=.(1)判断函数f(x)的奇偶性,并证明;(2)若不等式f(x)>log9(2c﹣1)有解,求c的取值范围.19.(14分)如图,扇形ABC是一块半径为2千米,圆心角为60°的风景区,P 点在弧BC上,现欲在风景区中规划三条商业街道,要求街道PQ与AB垂直,街道PR与AC垂直,线段RQ表示第三条街道.(1)如果P位于弧BC的中点,求三条街道的总长度;(2)由于环境的原因,三条街道PQ、PR、RQ每年能产生的经济效益分别为每千米300万元、200万元及400万元,问:这三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益最高为多少?(精确到1万元)20.(16分)设数列{a n}满足a n=A•4n+B•n,其中A、B是两个确定的实数,B ≠0.(1)若A=B=1,求{a n}的前n项之和;(2)证明:{a n}不是等比数列;(3)若a1=a2,数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,是否还有相等的两项?证明你的结论.21.(18分)设双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1,过其右焦点F且斜率不为零的直线l1与双曲线交于A、B两点,直线l2的方程为x=t,A、B在直线l2上的射影分别为C、D.(1)当l1垂直于x轴,t=﹣2时,求四边形ABDC的面积;(2)当t=0,l1的斜率为正实数,A在第一象限,B在第四象限时,试比较和1的大小,并说明理由;(3)是否存在实数t∈(﹣1,1),使得对满足题意的任意直线l1,直线AD和直线BC的交点总在x轴上,若存在,求出所有的t的值和此时直线AD与BC交点的位置;若不存在,说明理由.2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题1.三阶行列式中,5的余子式的值是﹣12.【考点】OU:特征向量的意义.【分析】去掉5所在行与列,即得5的余子式,从而求值.【解答】解:由题意,去掉5所在行与列得:=﹣12故答案为﹣12.【点评】本题以三阶行列式为载体,考查余子式,关键是理解余子式的定义.2.若实数ω>0,若函数f(x)=cos(ωx)+sin(ωx)的最小正周期为π,则ω=2.【考点】H1:三角函数的周期性及其求法.【分析】利用两角和的正弦公式化简函数的解析式,再利用正弦函数的周期性,求得ω的值.【解答】解:实数ω>0,若函数f(x)=cos(ωx)+sin(ωx)=sin(ωx+)的最小正周期为π,∴=π,∴ω=2,故答案为:2.【点评】本题主要考查两角和的正弦公式,正弦函数的周期性,属于基础题.3.已知圆锥的底面半径和高均为1,则该圆锥的侧面积为.【考点】L5:旋转体(圆柱、圆锥、圆台).【分析】首先根据底面半径和高利用勾股定理求得母线长,然后直接利用圆锥的侧面积公式代入求出即可.【解答】解:∵圆锥的底面半径为1,高为1,∴母线长l为:=,∴圆锥的侧面积为:πrl=π×1×=π,故答案为:π.【点评】题考查了圆锥的侧面积的计算,正确理解圆锥的侧面展开图与原来的扇形之间的关系是解决本题的关键.4.设向量=(2,3),向量=(6,t),若与夹角为钝角,则实数t的取值范围为(﹣∞,﹣4).【考点】9S:数量积表示两个向量的夹角.【分析】由题意可得<0,且、不共线,即,由此求得实数t的取值范围.【解答】解:若与夹角为钝角,向量=(2,3),向量=(6,t),则<0,且、不共线,∴,求得t<﹣4,故答案为:(﹣∞,﹣4).【点评】本题主要考查两个向量的数量公式,两个向量共线的性质,属于基础题.5.集合A={1,3,a2},集合B={a+1,a+2},若B∪A=A,则实数a=2.【考点】18:集合的包含关系判断及应用.【分析】根据并集的意义,由A∪B=A得到集合B中的元素都属于集合A,列出关于a的方程,求出方程的解得到a的值.【解答】解:由A∪B=A,得到B⊆A,∵A={1,3,a2},集合B={a+1,a+2},∴a+1=1,a+2=a2,或a+1=a2,a+2=1,或a+1=3,a+2=a2,或a+1=a2,a+2=3,解得:a=2.故答案为2.【点评】此题考查了并集的意义,以及集合中元素的特点.集合中元素有三个特点,即确定性,互异性,无序性.学生做题时注意利用元素的特点判断得到满足题意的a的值.6.设z1、z2是方程z2+2z+3=0的两根,则|z1﹣z2|=2.【考点】A7:复数代数形式的混合运算.【分析】求出z,即可求出|z1﹣z2|.【解答】解:由题意,z=﹣1±i,∴|z1﹣z2|=|2i|=2,故答案为2.【点评】本题考查复数的运算与球模,考查学生的计算能力,比较基础.7.设f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,当x>0时,f(x)=2x﹣3,则不等式f(x)<﹣5的解为(﹣∞,﹣3).【考点】3L:函数奇偶性的性质.【分析】根据函数奇偶性的性质求出当x<0的解析式,讨论x>0,x<0,x=0,解不等式即可.【解答】解:若x<0,则﹣x>0,∵当x>0时,f(x)=2x﹣3,∴当﹣x>0时,f(﹣x)=2﹣x﹣3,∵f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,∴f(﹣x)=2﹣x﹣3=﹣f(x),则f(x)=﹣2﹣x+3,x<0,当x>0时,不等式f(x)<﹣5等价为2x﹣3<﹣5即2x<﹣2,无解,不成立;当x<0时,不等式f(x)<﹣5等价为﹣2﹣x+3<﹣5即2﹣x>8,得﹣x>3,即x<﹣3;当x=0时,f(0)=0,不等式f(x)<﹣5不成立,综上,不等式的解为x<﹣3.故不等式的解集为(﹣∞,﹣3).故答案为(﹣∞,﹣3).【点评】本题主要考查不等式的解集的求解,根据函数奇偶性的性质求出函数的解析式是解决本题的关键.8.若变量x、y满足约束条件,则z=y﹣x的最小值为﹣4.【考点】7C:简单线性规划.【分析】由约束条件作出可行域,化目标函数为直线方程的斜截式,数形结合得到最优解,联立方程组求得最优解的坐标,代入目标函数得答案.【解答】解:由约束条件作出可行域如图,联立,解得A(8,4),化目标函数z=y﹣x,得y=x+z,由图可知,当直线y=x+z过点A(8,4)时,直线在y轴上的截距最小,z有最小值为﹣4.故答案为:﹣4.【点评】本题考查简单的线性规划,考查了数形结合的解题思想方法,是中档题.9.小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子,两人相互独立地进行,则小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为.【考点】CC:列举法计算基本事件数及事件发生的概率.【分析】先求出基本事件总数n=6×6=36,再求出小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3包含的基本事件个数m=2×6+6×4﹣2×4=28,由此能求出小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率.【解答】解:小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子,两人相互独立地进行,基本事件总数n=6×6=36,小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3包含的基本事件个数:m=2×6+6×4﹣2×4=28,∴小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为:p==.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查概率的求法,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意等可能事件概率计算公式的合理运用.10.设A是椭圆+=1(a>0)上的动点,点F的坐标为(﹣2,0),若满足|AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个,则实数a的取值范围为8<a<12.【考点】K4:椭圆的简单性质.【分析】由题意,F是椭圆的焦点,满足|AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个,可得a ﹣2<10<a+2,即可得出结论.【解答】解:由题意,F是椭圆的焦点,∵满足|AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个,∴a﹣2<10<a+2,∴8<a<12,故答案为:8<a<12.【点评】本题考查椭圆的方程与性质,考查学生的计算能力,比较基础.11.已知a>0,b>0,当(a+4b)2+取到最小值时,b=.【考点】7F:基本不等式.【分析】根据基本不等式,,a=4b时取等号,进而得出,进一步可求出a=1,时,取到最小值,即求出了此时的b的值.【解答】解:∵a>0,b>0;∴,当a=4b时取“=”;∴(a+4b)2≥16ab;∴=8,当,即,a=1时取“=”;此时,b=.故答案为:.【点评】考查基本不等式,注意基本不等式等号成立的条件,不等式的性质.12.设函数f a(x)=|x|+|x﹣a|,当a在实数范围内变化时,在圆盘x2+y2≤1内,且不在任一f a(x)的图象上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为.【考点】7F:基本不等式.【分析】根据题意,分析可得函数f a(x)=|x|+|x﹣a|(当a在实数范围内变化)的图象,进而可得在圆盘x2+y2≤1内,且不在任一f a(x)的图象上的点单位圆的,由圆的面积公式计算可得答案.【解答】解:根据题意,对于函数f a(x)=|x|+|x﹣a|,当a变化时,其图象为在圆盘x2+y2≤1内,且不在任一f a(x)的图象上的点单位圆的,则其面积S=×π=;故答案为:.【点评】本题考查函数的图象,关键是分析函数f a(x)=|x|+|x﹣a|(当a在实数范围内变化)的图象.二、选择题13.设z∈C且z≠0,“z是纯虚数"是“z2∈R”的()A.充分非必要条件 B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【考点】2L:必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断.【分析】z∈C且z≠0,“z是纯虚数”⇒“z2∈R",反之不成立,例如取z=2.即可判断出结论.【解答】解:∵z∈C且z≠0,“z是纯虚数”⇒“z2∈R”,反之不成立,例如取z=2.∴“z是纯虚数”是“z2∈R”的充分不必要条件.故选:A.【点评】本题考查了纯虚数的定义、复数的运算法则、简易逻辑的判定方法,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于基础题.14.设等差数列{a n}的公差为d,d≠0,若{a n}的前10项之和大于其前21项之和,则()A.d<0 B.d>0 C.a16<0 D.a16>0【考点】85:等差数列的前n项和.【分析】由{a n}的前10项之和大于其前21项之和,得到a1<﹣15d,由此得到a16=a1+15d<0.【解答】解:等差数列{a n}的公差为d,d≠0,∵{a n}的前10项之和大于其前21项之和,∴10a1+>21a1+d,∴11a1<﹣165d,即a1<﹣15d,∴a16=a1+15d<0.故选:C.【点评】本题考查命题真假的判断,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意等差数列的性质的合理运用.15.如图,N、S是球O直径的两个端点,圆C1是经过N和S点的大圆,圆C2和圆C3分别是所在平面与NS垂直的大圆和小圆,圆C1和C2交于点A、B,圆C1和C3交于点C、D,设a、b、c分别表示圆C1上劣弧CND的弧长、圆C2上半圆弧AB的弧长、圆C3上半圆弧CD的弧长,则a、b、c的大小关系为()A.b>a=c B.b=c>a C.b>a>c D.b>c>a【考点】L*:球面距离及相关计算.【分析】分别计算a,b,c,即可得出结论.【解答】解:设球的半径为R,球心角∠COD=2α,则b=πR,a=2αR,∵CD<AB,∴c<b,∵CD=2Rsinα,∴c=2πRsinα,∵0<α<,∴=>1,∴c>a,∴b>c>a,故选D.【点评】本题考查球中弧长的计算,考查学生的计算能力,正确计算是关键.16.对于定义在R上的函数f(x),若存在正常数a、b,使得f(x+a)≤f(x)+b对一切x∈R均成立,则称f(x)是“控制增长函数",在以下四个函数中:①f(x)=x2+x+1;②f(x)=;③f(x)=sin(x2);④f(x)=x•sinx.是“控制增长函数"的有()A.②③B.③④C.②③④D.①②④【考点】3T:函数的值.【分析】假设各函数为“控制增长函数",根据定义推倒f(x+a)≤f(x)+b恒成立的条件,判断a,b的存在性即可得出答案.【解答】解:对于①,f(x+a)≤f(x)+b可化为:(x+a)2+(x+a)+1≤x2+x+1+b,即2ax≤﹣a2﹣a+b,即x≤对一切x∈R均成立,由函数的定义域为R,故不存在满足条件的正常数a、b,故f(x)=x2+x+1不是“控制增长函数";对于②,若f(x)=是“控制增长函数”,则f(x+a)≤f(x)+b可化为:≤+b,∴|x+a|≤|x|+b2+2b恒成立,又|x+a|≤|x|+a,∴|x|+a≤|x|+b2+2b,∴≥,显然当a<b2时式子恒成立,∴f(x)=是“控制增长函数”;对于③,∵﹣1≤f(x)=sin(x2)≤1,∴f(x+a)﹣f(x)≤2,∴当b≥2时,a为任意正数,使f(x+a)≤f(x)+b恒成立,故f(x)=sin(x2)是“控制增长函数”;对于④,若f(x)=xsinx是“控制增长函数”,则(x+a)sin(x+a)≤xsinx+b恒成立,∵(x+a)sin(x+a)≤x+a,∴x+a≤xsinx+b≤x+b,即a≤b,∴f(x)=xsinx是“控制增长函数".故选C.【点评】本题考查了新定义的理解,函数存在性与恒成立问题研究,属于中档题.三、解答题17.(14分)(2017•杨浦区二模)如图,正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,AB=4,P、Q 分别是棱BC与B1C1的中点.(1)求异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角的大小;(2)求以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积.【考点】LF:棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积;LM:异面直线及其所成的角.【分析】(1)以D为原点,DA,DC,DD1为x,y,z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,利用向量法能求出异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角.(2)以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积V=.【解答】解:(1)以D为原点,DA,DC,DD1为x,y,z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,则D1(0,0,4),P(2,4,0),A1(4,0,4),Q(2,4,4),=(2,4,﹣4),=(﹣2,4,0),设异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角为θ,则cosθ===,∴θ=arccoa.∴异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角为arccos.(2)∵==8,PQ⊥平面A1D1Q,且PQ=4,∴以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积:V===.【点评】本题考查异面直线所成角的求法,考查四面体的体积的求法,是中档题,考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力,考查转化化归思想、数形结合思想.18.(14分)(2017•杨浦区二模)已知函数f(x)=.(1)判断函数f(x)的奇偶性,并证明;(2)若不等式f(x)>log9(2c﹣1)有解,求c的取值范围.【考点】3K:函数奇偶性的判断.【分析】(1)利用奇函数的定义,即可得出结论;(2)f(x)===﹣+∈(﹣,),不等式f(x)>log9(2c﹣1)有解,可得>log9(2c﹣1),即可求c的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)函数的定义域为R,f(x)==,f(﹣x)==﹣f(x),∴函数f(x)是奇函数;(2)f(x)===﹣+∈(﹣,)∵不等式f(x)>log9(2c﹣1)有解,∴>log9(2c﹣1),∴0<2c﹣1<3,∴.【点评】本题考查奇函数的定义,考查函数的值域,考查学生分析解决问题的能力,属于中档题.19.(14分)(2017•杨浦区二模)如图,扇形ABC是一块半径为2千米,圆心角为60°的风景区,P点在弧BC上,现欲在风景区中规划三条商业街道,要求街道PQ与AB垂直,街道PR与AC垂直,线段RQ表示第三条街道.(1)如果P位于弧BC的中点,求三条街道的总长度;(2)由于环境的原因,三条街道PQ、PR、RQ每年能产生的经济效益分别为每千米300万元、200万元及400万元,问:这三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益最高为多少?(精确到1万元)【考点】HU:解三角形的实际应用;HS:余弦定理的应用.【分析】(1)由P为于∠BAC的角平分线上,利用几何关系,分别表示丨PQ 丨,丨PR丨,丨RQ丨,即可求得三条街道的总长度;(2)设∠PAB=θ,0<θ<60°,根据三角函数关系及余弦定理,即可求得丨PQ丨,丨PR丨,丨RQ丨,则总效益W=丨PQ丨×300+丨PR丨×200+丨RQ丨×400,利用辅助角公式及正弦函数的性质,即可求得答案.【解答】解:(1)由P位于弧BC的中点,在P位于∠BAC的角平分线上,则丨PQ丨=丨PR丨=丨PA丨sin∠PAB=2×sin30°=2×=1,丨AQ丨=丨PA丨cos∠PAB=2×=,由∠BAC=60°,且丨AQ丨=丨AR丨,∴△QAB为等边三角形,则丨RQ丨=丨AQ丨=,三条街道的总长度l=丨PQ丨+丨PR丨+丨RQ丨=1+1+=2+;(2)设∠PAB=θ,0<θ<60°,则丨PQ丨=丨AP丨sinθ=2sinθ,丨PR丨=丨AP丨sin(60°﹣θ)=2sin(60°﹣θ)=cosθ﹣sinθ,丨AQ丨=丨AP丨cosθ=2cosθ,丨AR丨=丨AP丨cos(60°﹣θ)=2cos(60°﹣θ)=cosθ+sinθ由余弦定理可知:丨RQ丨2=丨AQ丨2+丨AR丨2﹣2丨AQ丨丨AR丨cos60°, =(2cosθ)2+(cosθ+sinθ)2﹣2×2cosθ(cosθ+sinθ)cos60°,=3,则丨RQ丨=,三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益W,W=丨PQ丨×300+丨PR丨×200+丨RQ 丨×400=300×2sinθ+(cosθ﹣sinθ)×200+400=400sinθ+200cosθ+400,=200(2sinθ+cosθ)+400,=200sin(θ+φ)+400,tanφ=,当sin(θ+φ)=1时,W取最大值,最大值为200+400≈1222,三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益最高约为1222万元.【点评】本题考查三角函数的综合应用,考查余弦定理,正弦函数图象及性质,辅助角公式,考查计算能力,属于中档题.20.(16分)(2017•杨浦区二模)设数列{a n}满足a n=A•4n+B•n,其中A、B是两个确定的实数,B≠0.(1)若A=B=1,求{a n}的前n项之和;(2)证明:{a n}不是等比数列;(3)若a1=a2,数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,是否还有相等的两项?证明你的结论.【考点】8E:数列的求和;8H:数列递推式.【分析】(1)运用数列的求和方法:分组求和,结合等比数列和等差数列的求和公式,计算即可得到所求和;(2)运用反证法,假设{a n}是等比数列,由定义,设公比为q,化简整理推出B=0与题意矛盾,即可得证;(3)数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,假设还有相等的两项,由题意可得B=﹣12A,构造函数f(x)=4x﹣12x,x>0,求出导数和单调性,即可得到结论.【解答】解:(1)由a n=4n+n,可得{a n}的前n项之和为(4+42+…+4n)+(1+2+…+n)=+n(n+1)=(4n﹣1)+(n2+n);(2)证明:假设{a n}是等比数列,即有=q(q为公比),即为Aq•4n+Bq•n=A•4n+1+B•(n+1),即Aq=4A,Bq=B,B=0,解得q=4,B=0,这与B≠0矛盾,则{a n}不是等比数列;(3)若a1=a2,数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,假设还有相等的两项,设为a k=a m,(k,m不相等),由a1=a2,可得4A+B=16A+2B,即B=﹣12A.则a n=A•4n+B•n=A(4n﹣12•n),即有A(4k﹣12•k)=A(4m﹣12•m),即为4k﹣12•k=4m﹣12•m,构造函数f(x)=4x﹣12x,x>0,f′(x)=4x ln4﹣12,由f′(x)=0可得x0=log4∈(1,2),当x>x0时,f′(x)>0,f(x)递增,故数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,再没有相等的两项.【点评】本题考查数列的求和方法:分组求和,考查等比数列和等差数列的求和公式,同时考查反证法的运用,以及构造函数法,考查化简整理的运算能力,属于中档题.21.(18分)(2017•杨浦区二模)设双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1,过其右焦点F且斜率不为零的直线l1与双曲线交于A、B两点,直线l2的方程为x=t,A、B 在直线l2上的射影分别为C、D.(1)当l1垂直于x轴,t=﹣2时,求四边形ABDC的面积;(2)当t=0,l1的斜率为正实数,A在第一象限,B在第四象限时,试比较和1的大小,并说明理由;(3)是否存在实数t∈(﹣1,1),使得对满足题意的任意直线l1,直线AD和直线BC的交点总在x轴上,若存在,求出所有的t的值和此时直线AD与BC交点的位置;若不存在,说明理由.【考点】KC:双曲线的简单性质.(1)由双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1,可得c==2,可得右焦点F(2,0).当【分析】l1垂直于x轴,t=﹣2时,由双曲线的对称性可得:四边形ABDC为矩形.即可得出面积.(2)作出右准线MN:x=.e==2.分别作AC⊥MN,垂足为M;BD⊥MN,垂足为N.利用双曲线的第二定义可得:=,==.(3)存在实数t∈(﹣1,1),t=时,定点.下面给出证明分析:设直线AB的方程为:y=k(x﹣2),A(x1,k(x1﹣2)),B(x2,k(x2﹣2)).则C(t,k(x1﹣2)),D(t,k(x2﹣2)).直线方程与双曲线方程联立化为:(3﹣k2)x2+4k2x ﹣4k2﹣3=0,分别得出:直线AD与BC的方程,进而得出.【解答】解:(1)由双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1,可得c==2,可得右焦点F(2,0).当l1垂直于x轴,t=﹣2时,由双曲线的对称性可得:四边形ABDC为矩形.代入双曲线可得:22﹣=1,焦点y=±3.∴四边形ABDC的面积S=4×6=24.(2)作出右准线MN:x=.e==2.分别作AC⊥MN,垂足为M;BD⊥MN,垂足为N.则==+.===.∵|AF|>|FB|,∴<.∴<1.(3)存在实数t∈(﹣1,1),t=时,定点.下面给出证明:设直线AB的方程为:y=k(x﹣2),A(x1,k(x1﹣2)),B(x2,k(x2﹣2)).则C(t,k(x1﹣2)),D(t,k(x2﹣2)).联立,化为:(3﹣k2)x2+4k2x﹣4k2﹣3=0,可得x1+x2=,x1•x2=.直线AD的方程为:y﹣k(x1﹣2)=(x﹣x1),令y=0,解得x=.直线BC的方程为:y﹣k(x2﹣2)=(x﹣x2),令y=0,解得x=.由=,可得:(2+t)(x1+x2)﹣2x1•x2﹣4t=0.∴(2+t)•﹣2•﹣4t=0.化为:t=,不妨取k=1,则2x2+4x﹣7=0,解得x=.不妨取x1=,x2=.定点的横坐标x===.∴定点坐标.【点评】本题考查了双曲线的第二定义、直线与双曲线相交问题、一元二次方程的根与系数的关系、直线过定点问题,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于难题.。