2017上海杨浦区高三二模历史试题及答案
上海市杨浦区2017届高考数学二模试卷(详解版)
2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学二模试卷一、填空题1．（4分）三阶行列式中，5的余子式的值是．2．（4分）若实数ω＞0，若函数f（x)=cos(ωx）+sin（ωx）的最小正周期为π，则ω=．3．（4分）已知圆锥的底面半径和高均为1，则该圆锥的侧面积为．4．（4分）设向量=（2，3）,向量=（6,t），若与夹角为钝角,则实数t的取值范围为．5．（4分)集合A={1，3,a2｝,集合B=｛a+1，a+2}，若B∪A=A,则实数a=．6．（4分）设z1、z2是方程z2+2z+3=0的两根，则｜z1﹣z2|=．7．设f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数,当x＞0时，f（x）=2x﹣3，则不等式f（x)＜﹣5的解为．8．若变量x、y满足约束条件,则z=y﹣x的最小值为．9．小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子，两人相互独立地进行，则小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为．10．设A是椭圆+=1（a＞0）上的动点，点F的坐标为（﹣2,0）,若满足|AF｜=10的点A有且仅有两个，则实数a的取值范围为．11．已知a＞0，b＞0,当（a+4b）2+取到最小值时，b=．12．设函数f a（x）=|x｜+｜x﹣a|，当a在实数范围内变化时，在圆盘x2+y2≤1内，且不在任一f a(x）的图象上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为．二、选择题13．设z∈C且z≠0，“z是纯虚数”是“z2∈R”的(）A．充分非必要条件 B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件14．设等差数列｛a n}的公差为d，d≠0，若｛a n}的前10项之和大于其前21项之和，则（）A．d＜0 B．d＞0 C．a16＜0 D．a16＞015．如图，N、S是球O直径的两个端点，圆C1是经过N和S点的大圆，圆C2和圆C3分别是所在平面与NS垂直的大圆和小圆，圆C1和C2交于点A、B，圆C1和C3交于点C、D，设a、b、c分别表示圆C1上劣弧CND的弧长、圆C2上半圆弧AB的弧长、圆C3上半圆弧CD的弧长，则a、b、c的大小关系为（）A．b＞a=c B．b=c＞a C．b＞a＞c D．b＞c＞a16．对于定义在R上的函数f(x），若存在正常数a、b，使得f（x+a）≤f(x)+b 对一切x∈R均成立,则称f（x）是“控制增长函数”,在以下四个函数中：①f （x)=x2+x+1；②f（x）=; ③f（x）=sin（x2）；④f（x）=x•sinx．是“控制增长函数"的有（）A．②③B．③④C．②③④D．①②④三、解答题17．（14分）如图，正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,AB=4，P、Q分别是棱BC与B1C1的中点．(1）求异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角的大小；(2）求以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积．18．（14分）已知函数f（x）=．（1)判断函数f(x）的奇偶性,并证明；(2）若不等式f（x）＞log9（2c﹣1）有解，求c的取值范围．19．（14分)如图，扇形ABC是一块半径为2千米，圆心角为60°的风景区，P 点在弧BC上,现欲在风景区中规划三条商业街道，要求街道PQ与AB垂直,街道PR与AC垂直，线段RQ表示第三条街道．(1）如果P位于弧BC的中点，求三条街道的总长度；（2）由于环境的原因,三条街道PQ、PR、RQ每年能产生的经济效益分别为每千米300万元、200万元及400万元,问：这三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益最高为多少？（精确到1万元）20．（16分）设数列｛a n｝满足a n=A•4n+B•n，其中A、B是两个确定的实数，B ≠0．（1)若A=B=1，求{a n｝的前n项之和;（2）证明：{a n}不是等比数列;（3）若a1=a2，数列｛a n}中除去开始的两项之外,是否还有相等的两项？证明你的结论．21．（18分)设双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1,过其右焦点F且斜率不为零的直线l1与双曲线交于A、B两点,直线l2的方程为x=t，A、B在直线l2上的射影分别为C、D．（1）当l1垂直于x轴，t=﹣2时，求四边形ABDC的面积;（2）当t=0，l1的斜率为正实数，A在第一象限，B在第四象限时，试比较和1的大小,并说明理由；(3）是否存在实数t∈（﹣1，1），使得对满足题意的任意直线l1，直线AD和直线BC的交点总在x轴上，若存在，求出所有的t的值和此时直线AD与BC交点的位置；若不存在，说明理由．2017年上海市杨浦区高考数学二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题1．三阶行列式中，5的余子式的值是﹣12．【考点】OU：特征向量的意义．【分析】去掉5所在行与列，即得5的余子式，从而求值．【解答】解:由题意，去掉5所在行与列得:=﹣12故答案为﹣12．【点评】本题以三阶行列式为载体，考查余子式，关键是理解余子式的定义．2．若实数ω＞0，若函数f(x)=cos(ωx）+sin（ωx）的最小正周期为π，则ω=2．【考点】H1：三角函数的周期性及其求法．【分析】利用两角和的正弦公式化简函数的解析式,再利用正弦函数的周期性，求得ω的值．【解答】解:实数ω＞0，若函数f（x）=cos（ωx)+sin(ωx)=sin（ωx+）的最小正周期为π,∴=π,∴ω=2，故答案为：2．【点评】本题主要考查两角和的正弦公式，正弦函数的周期性，属于基础题．3．已知圆锥的底面半径和高均为1，则该圆锥的侧面积为．【考点】L5：旋转体（圆柱、圆锥、圆台)．【分析】首先根据底面半径和高利用勾股定理求得母线长，然后直接利用圆锥的侧面积公式代入求出即可．【解答】解：∵圆锥的底面半径为1，高为1，∴母线长l为:=，∴圆锥的侧面积为:πrl=π×1×=π,故答案为：π．【点评】题考查了圆锥的侧面积的计算,正确理解圆锥的侧面展开图与原来的扇形之间的关系是解决本题的关键．4．设向量=（2，3）,向量=(6，t），若与夹角为钝角，则实数t的取值范围为（﹣∞，﹣4）．【考点】9S：数量积表示两个向量的夹角．【分析】由题意可得＜0，且、不共线,即，由此求得实数t的取值范围．【解答】解：若与夹角为钝角，向量=（2，3），向量=（6，t）,则＜0,且、不共线，∴，求得t＜﹣4，故答案为：（﹣∞，﹣4）．【点评】本题主要考查两个向量的数量公式，两个向量共线的性质，属于基础题．5．集合A={1，3，a2},集合B=｛a+1，a+2｝，若B∪A=A，则实数a=2．【考点】18:集合的包含关系判断及应用．【分析】根据并集的意义，由A∪B=A得到集合B中的元素都属于集合A，列出关于a的方程,求出方程的解得到a的值．【解答】解：由A∪B=A,得到B⊆A，∵A=｛1,3，a2},集合B={a+1,a+2},∴a+1=1，a+2=a2，或a+1=a2，a+2=1，或a+1=3,a+2=a2，或a+1=a2，a+2=3，解得：a=2．故答案为2．【点评】此题考查了并集的意义,以及集合中元素的特点．集合中元素有三个特点，即确定性，互异性，无序性．学生做题时注意利用元素的特点判断得到满足题意的a的值．6．设z1、z2是方程z2+2z+3=0的两根，则|z1﹣z2｜=2．【考点】A7：复数代数形式的混合运算．【分析】求出z,即可求出|z1﹣z2|．【解答】解:由题意，z=﹣1±i，∴|z1﹣z2|=｜2i|=2，故答案为2．【点评】本题考查复数的运算与球模,考查学生的计算能力，比较基础．7．设f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，当x＞0时,f（x）=2x﹣3，则不等式f（x)＜﹣5的解为（﹣∞，﹣3)．【考点】3L：函数奇偶性的性质．【分析】根据函数奇偶性的性质求出当x＜0的解析式，讨论x＞0，x＜0，x=0,解不等式即可．【解答】解:若x＜0，则﹣x＞0，∵当x＞0时，f(x）=2x﹣3，∴当﹣x＞0时，f（﹣x)=2﹣x﹣3，∵f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，∴f（﹣x)=2﹣x﹣3=﹣f(x),则f（x）=﹣2﹣x+3，x＜0,当x＞0时，不等式f(x）＜﹣5等价为2x﹣3＜﹣5即2x＜﹣2，无解，不成立；当x＜0时，不等式f（x)＜﹣5等价为﹣2﹣x+3＜﹣5即2﹣x＞8,得﹣x＞3，即x＜﹣3；当x=0时,f（0）=0，不等式f(x）＜﹣5不成立，综上,不等式的解为x＜﹣3．故不等式的解集为(﹣∞，﹣3）．故答案为（﹣∞，﹣3）．【点评】本题主要考查不等式的解集的求解,根据函数奇偶性的性质求出函数的解析式是解决本题的关键．8．若变量x、y满足约束条件，则z=y﹣x的最小值为﹣4．【考点】7C：简单线性规划．【分析】由约束条件作出可行域，化目标函数为直线方程的斜截式，数形结合得到最优解，联立方程组求得最优解的坐标,代入目标函数得答案．【解答】解:由约束条件作出可行域如图,联立,解得A（8，4),化目标函数z=y﹣x,得y=x+z，由图可知，当直线y=x+z过点A（8，4）时，直线在y轴上的截距最小，z有最小值为﹣4．故答案为：﹣4．【点评】本题考查简单的线性规划，考查了数形结合的解题思想方法，是中档题．9．小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子，两人相互独立地进行，则小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为．【考点】CC：列举法计算基本事件数及事件发生的概率．【分析】先求出基本事件总数n=6×6=36，再求出小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3包含的基本事件个数m=2×6+6×4﹣2×4=28，由此能求出小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率．【解答】解：小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子,两人相互独立地进行,基本事件总数n=6×6=36，小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3包含的基本事件个数:m=2×6+6×4﹣2×4=28，∴小明掷出的点数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为：p==．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查概率的求法，是基础题，解题时要认真审题，注意等可能事件概率计算公式的合理运用．10．设A是椭圆+=1（a＞0）上的动点，点F的坐标为(﹣2，0），若满足｜AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个，则实数a的取值范围为8＜a＜12．【考点】K4：椭圆的简单性质．【分析】由题意，F是椭圆的焦点，满足|AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个，可得a ﹣2＜10＜a+2,即可得出结论．【解答】解：由题意，F是椭圆的焦点，∵满足｜AF|=10的点A有且仅有两个，∴a﹣2＜10＜a+2，∴8＜a＜12，故答案为：8＜a＜12．【点评】本题考查椭圆的方程与性质，考查学生的计算能力，比较基础．11．已知a＞0，b＞0，当(a+4b）2+取到最小值时，b=．【考点】7F:基本不等式．【分析】根据基本不等式，，a=4b时取等号，进而得出，进一步可求出a=1,时，取到最小值，即求出了此时的b的值．【解答】解:∵a＞0，b＞0；∴，当a=4b时取“=”；∴（a+4b)2≥16ab；∴=8，当，即，a=1时取“=”；此时，b=．故答案为：．【点评】考查基本不等式，注意基本不等式等号成立的条件，不等式的性质．12．设函数f a(x)=｜x|+|x﹣a|,当a在实数范围内变化时，在圆盘x2+y2≤1内，且不在任一f a（x）的图象上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为．【考点】7F：基本不等式．【分析】根据题意，分析可得函数f a（x）=｜x｜+|x﹣a|（当a在实数范围内变化）的图象，进而可得在圆盘x2+y2≤1内，且不在任一f a（x）的图象上的点单位圆的，由圆的面积公式计算可得答案．【解答】解：根据题意，对于函数f a（x）=|x｜+｜x﹣a|，当a变化时，其图象为在圆盘x2+y2≤1内，且不在任一f a（x）的图象上的点单位圆的,则其面积S=×π=；故答案为：．【点评】本题考查函数的图象，关键是分析函数f a(x）=｜x｜+|x﹣a|（当a在实数范围内变化)的图象．二、选择题13．设z∈C且z≠0,“z是纯虚数"是“z2∈R”的（）A．充分非必要条件 B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件【考点】2L：必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断．【分析】z∈C且z≠0，“z是纯虚数”⇒“z2∈R"，反之不成立,例如取z=2．即可判断出结论．【解答】解：∵z∈C且z≠0，“z是纯虚数”⇒“z2∈R”，反之不成立，例如取z=2．∴“z是纯虚数”是“z2∈R”的充分不必要条件．故选：A．【点评】本题考查了纯虚数的定义、复数的运算法则、简易逻辑的判定方法，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于基础题．14．设等差数列｛a n}的公差为d,d≠0，若{a n}的前10项之和大于其前21项之和，则（）A．d＜0 B．d＞0 C．a16＜0 D．a16＞0【考点】85：等差数列的前n项和．【分析】由｛a n｝的前10项之和大于其前21项之和，得到a1＜﹣15d，由此得到a16=a1+15d＜0．【解答】解：等差数列{a n}的公差为d，d≠0，∵｛a n｝的前10项之和大于其前21项之和，∴10a1+＞21a1+d，∴11a1＜﹣165d，即a1＜﹣15d,∴a16=a1+15d＜0．故选:C．【点评】本题考查命题真假的判断，是基础题，解题时要认真审题，注意等差数列的性质的合理运用．15．如图，N、S是球O直径的两个端点，圆C1是经过N和S点的大圆，圆C2和圆C3分别是所在平面与NS垂直的大圆和小圆，圆C1和C2交于点A、B，圆C1和C3交于点C、D，设a、b、c分别表示圆C1上劣弧CND的弧长、圆C2上半圆弧AB的弧长、圆C3上半圆弧CD的弧长，则a、b、c的大小关系为（)A．b＞a=c B．b=c＞a C．b＞a＞c D．b＞c＞a【考点】L*:球面距离及相关计算．【分析】分别计算a，b，c,即可得出结论．【解答】解：设球的半径为R，球心角∠COD=2α，则b=πR，a=2αR,∵CD＜AB,∴c＜b,∵CD=2Rsinα，∴c=2πRsinα，∵0＜α＜，∴=＞1，∴c＞a,∴b＞c＞a,故选D．【点评】本题考查球中弧长的计算，考查学生的计算能力，正确计算是关键．16．对于定义在R上的函数f(x）,若存在正常数a、b,使得f(x+a)≤f（x）+b对一切x∈R均成立，则称f(x）是“控制增长函数"，在以下四个函数中：①f（x）=x2+x+1；②f（x）=；③f（x)=sin(x2)；④f（x）=x•sinx．是“控制增长函数"的有(）A．②③B．③④C．②③④D．①②④【考点】3T:函数的值．【分析】假设各函数为“控制增长函数",根据定义推倒f（x+a）≤f(x）+b恒成立的条件，判断a，b的存在性即可得出答案．【解答】解：对于①，f(x+a)≤f（x）+b可化为:（x+a)2+（x+a）+1≤x2+x+1+b，即2ax≤﹣a2﹣a+b，即x≤对一切x∈R均成立，由函数的定义域为R,故不存在满足条件的正常数a、b,故f（x)=x2+x+1不是“控制增长函数";对于②,若f（x）=是“控制增长函数”，则f（x+a）≤f（x）+b可化为:≤+b,∴｜x+a｜≤｜x|+b2+2b恒成立，又｜x+a｜≤|x｜+a，∴|x|+a≤|x|+b2+2b，∴≥，显然当a＜b2时式子恒成立,∴f（x）=是“控制增长函数”;对于③，∵﹣1≤f（x）=sin（x2）≤1，∴f（x+a)﹣f（x）≤2，∴当b≥2时，a为任意正数,使f（x+a）≤f（x）+b恒成立，故f（x）=sin（x2）是“控制增长函数”；对于④，若f（x）=xsinx是“控制增长函数”，则（x+a）sin（x+a）≤xsinx+b恒成立，∵（x+a）sin（x+a)≤x+a,∴x+a≤xsinx+b≤x+b,即a≤b，∴f（x）=xsinx是“控制增长函数"．故选C．【点评】本题考查了新定义的理解，函数存在性与恒成立问题研究，属于中档题．三、解答题17．（14分)（2017•杨浦区二模）如图,正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=4,P、Q 分别是棱BC与B1C1的中点．(1）求异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角的大小；（2）求以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积．【考点】LF：棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积；LM：异面直线及其所成的角．【分析】（1）以D为原点，DA,DC，DD1为x，y,z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,利用向量法能求出异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角．（2）以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积V=．【解答】解：（1）以D为原点，DA，DC，DD1为x,y，z轴，建立空间直角坐标系，则D1（0，0，4），P（2，4，0）,A1（4,0,4）,Q（2，4,4），=(2，4，﹣4)，=(﹣2,4,0）,设异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角为θ，则cosθ===，∴θ=arccoa．∴异面直线D1P和A1Q所成角为arccos．(2）∵==8，PQ⊥平面A1D1Q，且PQ=4,∴以A1、D1、P、Q四点为四个顶点的四面体的体积:V===．【点评】本题考查异面直线所成角的求法，考查四面体的体积的求法，是中档题,考查推理论证能力、运算求解能力,考查转化化归思想、数形结合思想．18．（14分）（2017•杨浦区二模）已知函数f（x）=．(1）判断函数f(x）的奇偶性，并证明；（2）若不等式f（x）＞log9(2c﹣1）有解,求c的取值范围．【考点】3K：函数奇偶性的判断．【分析】（1）利用奇函数的定义，即可得出结论；(2）f（x）===﹣+∈（﹣，），不等式f（x）＞log9（2c﹣1）有解,可得＞log9（2c﹣1），即可求c的取值范围．【解答】解：(1）函数的定义域为R，f（x）==,f（﹣x）==﹣f（x），∴函数f(x）是奇函数；（2）f（x）===﹣+∈（﹣,）∵不等式f（x）＞log9（2c﹣1）有解,∴＞log9（2c﹣1），∴0＜2c﹣1＜3,∴．【点评】本题考查奇函数的定义，考查函数的值域，考查学生分析解决问题的能力,属于中档题．19．（14分）（2017•杨浦区二模）如图，扇形ABC是一块半径为2千米，圆心角为60°的风景区，P点在弧BC上，现欲在风景区中规划三条商业街道，要求街道PQ与AB垂直，街道PR与AC垂直,线段RQ表示第三条街道．（1）如果P位于弧BC的中点,求三条街道的总长度；（2)由于环境的原因，三条街道PQ、PR、RQ每年能产生的经济效益分别为每千米300万元、200万元及400万元，问：这三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益最高为多少？（精确到1万元）【考点】HU：解三角形的实际应用；HS：余弦定理的应用．【分析】（1）由P为于∠BAC的角平分线上，利用几何关系，分别表示丨PQ 丨,丨PR丨，丨RQ丨，即可求得三条街道的总长度；(2）设∠PAB=θ，0＜θ＜60°,根据三角函数关系及余弦定理，即可求得丨PQ丨,丨PR丨，丨RQ丨，则总效益W=丨PQ丨×300+丨PR丨×200+丨RQ丨×400，利用辅助角公式及正弦函数的性质,即可求得答案．【解答】解：(1）由P位于弧BC的中点,在P位于∠BAC的角平分线上，则丨PQ丨=丨PR丨=丨PA丨sin∠PAB=2×sin30°=2×=1,丨AQ丨=丨PA丨cos∠PAB=2×=，由∠BAC=60°,且丨AQ丨=丨AR丨,∴△QAB为等边三角形，则丨RQ丨=丨AQ丨=,三条街道的总长度l=丨PQ丨+丨PR丨+丨RQ丨=1+1+=2+；(2）设∠PAB=θ，0＜θ＜60°，则丨PQ丨=丨AP丨sinθ=2sinθ，丨PR丨=丨AP丨sin（60°﹣θ）=2sin（60°﹣θ）=cosθ﹣sinθ,丨AQ丨=丨AP丨cosθ=2cosθ,丨AR丨=丨AP丨cos（60°﹣θ）=2cos（60°﹣θ）=cosθ+sinθ由余弦定理可知：丨RQ丨2=丨AQ丨2+丨AR丨2﹣2丨AQ丨丨AR丨cos60°, =(2cosθ）2+（cosθ+sinθ)2﹣2×2cosθ（cosθ+sinθ）cos60°，=3,则丨RQ丨=,三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益W，W=丨PQ丨×300+丨PR丨×200+丨RQ 丨×400=300×2sinθ+（cosθ﹣sinθ）×200+400=400sinθ+200cosθ+400，=200（2sinθ+cosθ)+400，=200sin(θ+φ）+400,tanφ=,当sin（θ+φ）=1时，W取最大值，最大值为200+400≈1222,三条街道每年能产生的经济总效益最高约为1222万元．【点评】本题考查三角函数的综合应用，考查余弦定理,正弦函数图象及性质，辅助角公式，考查计算能力,属于中档题．20．（16分）（2017•杨浦区二模）设数列{a n｝满足a n=A•4n+B•n,其中A、B是两个确定的实数，B≠0．(1)若A=B=1，求｛a n}的前n项之和；（2)证明:{a n}不是等比数列;（3）若a1=a2，数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,是否还有相等的两项？证明你的结论．【考点】8E:数列的求和；8H：数列递推式．【分析】（1)运用数列的求和方法：分组求和，结合等比数列和等差数列的求和公式，计算即可得到所求和；（2）运用反证法，假设{a n}是等比数列，由定义，设公比为q，化简整理推出B=0与题意矛盾,即可得证；(3）数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外,假设还有相等的两项，由题意可得B=﹣12A，构造函数f（x）=4x﹣12x，x＞0，求出导数和单调性，即可得到结论．【解答】解：（1）由a n=4n+n，可得{a n｝的前n项之和为（4+42+…+4n）+（1+2+…+n）=+n（n+1）=(4n﹣1）+（n2+n）；（2）证明：假设｛a n｝是等比数列，即有=q(q为公比),即为Aq•4n+Bq•n=A•4n+1+B•（n+1），即Aq=4A，Bq=B，B=0，解得q=4，B=0，这与B≠0矛盾,则{a n}不是等比数列；（3）若a1=a2,数列{a n｝中除去开始的两项之外，假设还有相等的两项，设为a k=a m,（k，m不相等），由a1=a2，可得4A+B=16A+2B,即B=﹣12A．则a n=A•4n+B•n=A（4n﹣12•n)，即有A(4k﹣12•k)=A（4m﹣12•m),即为4k﹣12•k=4m﹣12•m，构造函数f（x）=4x﹣12x，x＞0，f′(x)=4x ln4﹣12,由f′（x)=0可得x0=log4∈(1，2),当x＞x0时,f′（x）＞0,f（x）递增，故数列{a n}中除去开始的两项之外，再没有相等的两项．【点评】本题考查数列的求和方法:分组求和,考查等比数列和等差数列的求和公式，同时考查反证法的运用，以及构造函数法,考查化简整理的运算能力,属于中档题．21．(18分）（2017•杨浦区二模）设双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1，过其右焦点F且斜率不为零的直线l1与双曲线交于A、B两点，直线l2的方程为x=t，A、B 在直线l2上的射影分别为C、D．（1)当l1垂直于x轴，t=﹣2时，求四边形ABDC的面积；（2)当t=0，l1的斜率为正实数，A在第一象限，B在第四象限时,试比较和1的大小，并说明理由；（3）是否存在实数t∈（﹣1,1），使得对满足题意的任意直线l1，直线AD和直线BC的交点总在x轴上，若存在，求出所有的t的值和此时直线AD与BC交点的位置；若不存在，说明理由．【考点】KC：双曲线的简单性质．（1）由双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1,可得c==2,可得右焦点F（2,0）．当【分析】l1垂直于x轴，t=﹣2时,由双曲线的对称性可得：四边形ABDC为矩形．即可得出面积．（2)作出右准线MN：x=．e==2．分别作AC⊥MN,垂足为M；BD⊥MN，垂足为N．利用双曲线的第二定义可得：=,==．（3)存在实数t∈(﹣1,1),t=时,定点．下面给出证明分析：设直线AB的方程为：y=k(x﹣2）,A（x1，k（x1﹣2）），B（x2，k（x2﹣2))．则C（t，k（x1﹣2）），D（t,k（x2﹣2）)．直线方程与双曲线方程联立化为：（3﹣k2）x2+4k2x ﹣4k2﹣3=0，分别得出:直线AD与BC的方程，进而得出．【解答】解：（1）由双曲线Γ的方程为x2﹣=1，可得c==2，可得右焦点F(2，0)．当l1垂直于x轴，t=﹣2时，由双曲线的对称性可得：四边形ABDC为矩形．代入双曲线可得：22﹣=1，焦点y=±3．∴四边形ABDC的面积S=4×6=24．(2）作出右准线MN：x=．e==2．分别作AC⊥MN，垂足为M；BD⊥MN，垂足为N．则==+．===．∵｜AF｜＞｜FB|，∴＜．∴＜1．（3)存在实数t∈（﹣1，1），t=时，定点．下面给出证明:设直线AB的方程为：y=k（x﹣2）,A(x1，k（x1﹣2）），B（x2，k（x2﹣2））．则C（t，k（x1﹣2）），D（t，k（x2﹣2)）．联立，化为：（3﹣k2）x2+4k2x﹣4k2﹣3=0，可得x1+x2=，x1•x2=．直线AD的方程为:y﹣k(x1﹣2）=(x﹣x1），令y=0，解得x=．直线BC的方程为：y﹣k（x2﹣2)=（x﹣x2）,令y=0，解得x=．由=，可得：（2+t）（x1+x2)﹣2x1•x2﹣4t=0．∴（2+t）•﹣2•﹣4t=0．化为:t=，不妨取k=1，则2x2+4x﹣7=0,解得x=．不妨取x1=，x2=．定点的横坐标x===．∴定点坐标．【点评】本题考查了双曲线的第二定义、直线与双曲线相交问题、一元二次方程的根与系数的关系、直线过定点问题，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于难题．。
上海市杨浦区届高三历史模拟试题华东师大版
杨浦区202X学年度第二学期高三学业质量调研历史卷子本卷子分为选择题和非选择题两局部 202X年5月考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，卷子总分值150分。
2．本考试设卷子和答题纸两局部，卷子包含真题与答题要求；全部答题必须涂〔选择题〕或写〔非选择题〕在答题纸上；做在卷子上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4．答题纸与卷子在真题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、选择题〔共75分〕以下每题2分，共60分。
每题只有一个正确选项。
1．在以下史诗中，描写爱琴海附近海域发生战争的是A．《吉尔伽美什》 B．《摩诃婆罗多》 C．《罗摩衍那》 D．《荷马史诗》2．“秦皇扫六合〞，建立了大一统的中华帝国是在A．公元前2世纪初 B．公元前3世纪初C．公元前2世纪末 D．公元前3世纪末3．①屋大维以恺撒养子的身份，继承了恺撒的政治遗产。
②屋大维生前并未公开称帝，而是自称为“第一公民〞或“元首〞。
③他还保存了罗马共和国的机构和官职。
④但他仍旧被认为是罗马帝国的第一任皇帝。
以上文字中属于历史解释的是A．① B．② C．③ D．④4．“如果说有致命的一击，那么一击是在1204年，那时帝国的范围仍旧从亚得里亚海延伸到了叙利亚门户，而不是1453年，那时君士坦丁堡落入了庞大帝国，就像过于成熟的果子从树上掉下来。
〞这段话中出现的两个“帝国〞指的是A．罗马帝国、拜占庭帝国 B．都为拜占庭帝国C．拜占庭帝国、奥斯曼帝国 D．都为奥斯曼帝国5．法兰克王国宫相查理•马特实行采邑改革时，中国正处于A．隋朝 B．唐朝 C．宋朝 D．元朝6．中世纪后期，德意志汉萨同盟大多数成员都采纳的《律贝克法》第一条明确规定：“每个城市都要强化防备海盗和其他破坏者，以使航海商人自由进行贸易。
〞此处所谓“其他破坏者〞主要包含A．国王 B．领主 C．农奴 D．市民7．儒家经典强调：“上好礼，则民莫敢不敬；上好义，则民莫敢不服；上好信，则民莫敢不用情。
XX上海市杨浦区高三历史下-等级考调研(二模)试卷(带答案)
XX上海市杨浦区高三历史下-等级考调研（二模）试卷（带答案）杨浦区XX学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研高三历史试卷本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分一、选择题．铁器使用、地主与自耕农、列国变法……以及百家争鸣、礼崩乐坏这些新现象，反映了春秋战国时期的A．君主开明B．政治统一c．思想繁荣D．社会转型．右图所示政令出自A．秦始皇B．汉武帝c．唐太宗D．宋太祖．7—9世纪，日本先后派遣13批遣唐使，当时接待这些使节的机构是A．政事堂B．门下省c．礼部D．市舶司．下列历史现象发生在宋代的是A．各国先接受朝廷册封才获准与华贸易B．江南地区大量种植玉米等高产作物c．西方传教士将中国的儒学传播到欧洲D．广东农家子弟赴东京参加科举考试．明末，广东巡抚林富奏疏：“正德十二年，有佛郎机夷，突入东莞县界。
”“佛郎机夷”当指A．葡萄牙人B．英国人c．法国人D．德国人．清史学家章学诚强调治史最要紧的是A．史才B．史学c．史德D．史识．19世纪的法国思想家托克维尔说：“世界上没有哪一个国家比美国更多运用18世纪哲学家在政治问题上的种种最大胆的学说。
”其中“最大胆学说”的提出者是A．洛克B．伏尔泰c．孟德斯鸠D．狄德罗．第二次鸦片战争时，美国未与清政府签署《北京条约》，这是因为它正忙于A．民族解放战争B．应对国家分裂c．解决经济危机D．反击德国纳粹．在吸收佛、道思想成果基础上对儒学加以改造，从而形成了A．孔孟之道B．汉代经学c．阴阳学说D．宋代理学0．下图两种交通工具的动力分别是A．煤炭/石油B．电力/煤炭c．内燃机/蒸汽机D．蒸汽机/内燃机1．XX年是马克思、恩格斯发表《共产党宣言》170周年，这本著作最早翻译成中文是在A．洋务运动时期B．辛亥革命时期c．新文化运动时期D．解放战争时期．导致欧洲版图发生以下变化的主要原因是A．拿破仑战争的后果B．次世界大战c．近代殖民体系的形成D．第二次世界大战3．英国从“大英帝国”到“英联邦”反映的实质是A．殖民统治的衰落B．世界霸权的确立c．工业社会的形成D．政治制度的完善．1843年与1858年中国进口棉花及棉纺品税率表货物单位1843年税率1858年税率棉花担6.54%5.72%棉纱担6.94%4.86%印花布匹14.25%4.98%上表中税率的变化导致了A．外国资本大举进入中国B．清政府财政收入不断增加c．中国小农经济完全解体D．外国纺织品占领中国市场．今年是周恩来诞辰120周年，下列由周恩来参与的重大历史事件有①南昌起义②中共“一大”③亚非会议④中美正式建交A．①②B．①③c．②③D．②④．下列摘要出自1943年《开罗宣言》的是A．“售卖、转移、交换、租赁、借出、或交付任何防卫物资，予美国总统认为与美国国防有至关重要之国家政府。
(完整版)2017届上海市杨浦区高三二模数学卷(含答案)
- - - 1 -杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高三年级质量调研 数学学科试卷 2017.4考生注意： 1．答卷前，考生务必在答题纸写上姓名、考号, 并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上．2．本试卷共有21道题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟．一．填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共有12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分。
考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1. 行列式123456789中, 元素5的代数余子式的值为_________.2. 设实数0ω>, 若函数()cos()sin()f x x x ωω=+的最小正周期为π, 则ω=_________.3. 已知圆锥的底面半径和高均为1, 则该圆锥的侧面积为_________.4. 设向量(2,3)a =r, 向量(6,)b t =r . 若a r 与b r 的夹角为钝角, 则实数t 的取值范围为 _________.5. 集合2{1,3,}A a =, 集合{1,2}B a a =++. 若B A A ⋃=, 则实数 a =_______.6. 设12,z z 是方程2230z z ++=的两根, 则12||z z -= _________.7. 设()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数, 当0x >时, 3()2xf x =-. 则不等式()5f x <-的解为________.- - - 2 -8. 若变量,x y 满足约束条件12,20,20,x y x y x y +≤⎧⎪-≥⎨⎪-≤⎩则z y x =-的最小值为_________.9. 小明和小红各自掷一颗均匀的正方体骰子, 两人相互独立地进行. 则小明掷出的点 数不大于2或小红掷出的点数不小于3的概率为_________.10. 设A 是椭圆()22221 04x y a a a +=>-上的动点, 点F 的坐标为(2,0)-, 若满足||10AF =的点A 有且仅有两个, 则实数a 的取值范围为_________.11. 已知0a >, 0b >, 当21(4)a b ab++取到最小值时, b =_________. 12. 设函数()||||a f x x x a =+-. 当a 在实数范围内变化时, 在圆盘221x y +≤内,且不在任一()a f x 的图像上的点的全体组成的图形的面积为_________.二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，填上正确的答案，选对得5分，否则一律得零分. 13. 设z ∈C 且0z ≠. “z 是纯虚数”是“2z ∈R ”的 ( )(A) 充分非必要条件 (B) 必要非充分条件(C) 充要条件(D) 既非充分又非必要条件14．设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d , 0d ≠. 若{}n a 的前10项之和大于其 前21项之和, 则 ()(A) 0d <(B) 0d > (C) 160a <(D) 160a >- - - 3 -S15．如图, N 、S 是球O 直径的两个端点. 圆1C 是经过N 和S 点的大圆, 圆2C 和圆3C 分别是所在平面与NS 垂直的大圆和小圆. 圆1C 和2C 交于点A 、B , 圆1C 和3C 交于点C 、D .设a 、b 、c 分别表示圆1C 上劣弧CND 的弧长、圆2C 上半圆弧AB 的弧长、圆3C 上半圆弧CD 的弧长. 则,,a b c 的大小关系为 ()(A) b a c >= (B) b c a => (C) b a c >>(D) b c a >>16．对于定义在R 上的函数()f x , 若存在正常数,a b , 使得()()f x a f x b +≤+对一切x ∈R 均成立, 则称()f x 是“控制增长函数”。
上海市2017杨浦区高三语文二模试卷
杨浦区 2016 学年度第二学期高三年级模拟质量调研一、积累应用（10分）1.按要求填空。
（ 5 分）（1） ________________ ，此时无声胜有声。
（白居易《琵琶行（并序）》）（2）遥岑远目，献愁供恨， ________________ 。
（辛弃疾《 _________·登建康赏心亭》）（ 3）“窗”是古诗词中的常见物象，李清照在《声声慢》中用“ ________________ ，_____________ ”临窗________，___________”寄托对妻抒发着晚年寂寞的情怀；李商隐在《夜雨寄北》中用“子（或友人）的思念。
（ 4 ）李白登上金陵凤凰台，远眺时看到的自然景观是“ _________________ ，________________。
”2.按要求选择。
（ 5 分）（1）下列诗句中，哪两项蕴含的哲理最相近（）（）（3分）A.尽日寻春不见春，芒鞋踏遍陇头云。
归来笑拈梅花嗅，春在枝头已十分。
B.胜日寻芳泗水滨，无边光景一时新。
等闲识得东风面，万紫千红总是春。
C.无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来。
小园香径独徘徊。
D.众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处。
（2）好友在一次重大考试中受挫，你想要送他一句话，下列句子最合适的一项是（）（2分）A.莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君。
B.长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济苍海。
C.他山之石，可以攻玉。
D.春草明年绿，王孙归不归？二、阅读（ 70 分）（一）阅读下文，完成 3 3- -8 8 题。
（ 16 分）（1）目前国内网络微电影由于生存形态和创作动机的不同，大致可以分为四类：纪实微电影、剧情微电影、广告微电影和实验微电影。
无论是哪种类型，网络微电影这一当下互联网时代的“影像小品文” ，是除网络外无法通过其他媒体或以其他方式体验的艺术，是一种新的艺术样式，是艺术发展尤其是影像艺术发展的一个必然趋势。
（2）中国古典艺术是中国五千年文明孕育的成果。
2017年上海杨浦区高三历史一模卷
上海市杨浦区2016学年度第一学期高中等级考试质量调研历史试题2016.12本试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分一、选择题：（共40分，每题2分，每题只有一个选项。
）1．右图所示中央政府结构设立于A．秦始皇时期 B．汉武帝时期C．唐太宗时期 D．宋太祖时期2．“魏孝文帝元昊”这个称谓中，带有“胡人汉化”历史痕迹的有①“魏”②“孝文”③“帝”④“元昊”A．①②③ B．①②④C．②③④ D．①②③④3．右侧是12世纪中国多民族政权并立图。
其中代表南宋政权的是A．① B．②C．③ D．④4．《春秋》是中国第一部编年体史书，并创下了“春秋笔法（指寓褒贬于曲折的文笔之中，不直接表明自己的态度）”的编写传统。
对此传统持否定态度的是A．孔子 B．司马光C．刘知畿 D．章学诚5．托克维尔评价近代某国政体：“既反对君主政体，又反对地方分权制度”。
该国是A．英国 B．美国C．法国 D．德国6．下图为意传教士利玛窦在明朝来华时绘制的《坤舆万国全图》摹本，这张中国最早的“世界地图”佐证了A．中国仍处在世界中心的地位B．传教士迎合中国“天朝上国”的心理C．资本主义世界体系已经形成D．西方人接受中国“天圆地方”的观念7．以下是某同学做的历史课堂笔记，该笔记的主题应是措施目的废中书省和丞相、权分六部皇帝独揽大权设内阁制度协助皇帝决策设特务机构严密控制臣民、法外行事…………A．明太祖加强皇权B．明朝的君相关系C．明成祖加强皇权D．明朝的君主专制8．“契约精神”作为市场经济的基石，为建立平等自由的现代社会打下了坚实的基础。
以下文件中主要体现经济领域契约关系的是A．《独立宣言》 B．《权利法案》C．《拿破仑法典》 D．《工厂法》9．有学者评论：“英国‘光荣革命’大概是我心目中最完美的一次政治设计。
它在一个有长期专制传统的国家找到了一个摆脱革命与专制的循环，能有效地控制‘控制者’的办法。
”作者所说的“办法”是A．实行三权分立 B．议会权力至上C．践行民主共和 D．两党轮流执政10．图中箭头所指的阴影部分为历史上先后形成的贸易中心区。
2017年上海浦东新区高三历史二模卷
浦东新区2016 学年度第二学期教学质量检测高三历史试卷2017.4 考生注意：1．本考试为闭卷考试；考试时间60 分钟，满分100分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有回答必须按规定写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一概无效。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，并留下了足够的答题空间，答题时应特别注意，不要错位。
一、选择题（共20 题，每题 2 分。
每题只有一个正确答案，请将代表该答案的选项字母做在答题纸上，做在试卷上没有分数。
）1．近代以来，堪称中华民族文化认同的符号应是A．炎黄子孙B．四大发明C．《四库全书》D．中央集权2．汉武帝时代，执掌政务的政府机关是A．内朝B．外朝C．中朝D．刺史3．在《史记》与《资治通鉴》中，下列历史都有记述的是A．殷墟甲骨B．封邦建国C．秦朝统一D．光武中兴④①4．观察右图，当时中国的首都位于③A．①B．②②C．③D．④5．朱元璋曾言“慨念生民，久陷于胡，倡义举兵，恢复中原。
”文中的“胡”是指A．匈奴人B．契丹人C．女真人D．蒙古人（三）组织与宣言（25 分）材料一：某组织的主要使命是维护世界和平，制止侵略行为。
主要机构由大会、理事会和秘书处组成。
其中，大会每年召开一次，每个成员国只有一个投票权。
理事会由英、法、意、日四个常任理事国及四个非永久理事国组成。
有关重大问题的决议需要全体成员国赞成才能通过。
材料二：（二）凡未经有关民族自由意志所统一领土改变，两国不愿其实现。
（四）两国在尊重它们的现有义务的同时，力使一切国家，不论大小、胜败，对于为了它们经济繁荣所必须的世界贸易及其原料的取得享有平等待遇。
材料三：本宣言签字国政府……现在正对力图征服世界的野蛮和残暴力量从事共同的斗争，兹宣告：1．每一政府各自保证对于各该政府作战的三国同盟成员国及其附从者使用全部资源，不论军事的或经济的。
2．每一政府各自保证与本宣言签字国政府合作，并不与敌人缔结单独停战协定或和约。
2017年杨浦二模试卷(校对标准答案版)
杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2017.4本试卷分为第I卷(第1-13页)和第II卷（第14页）两部分。
全卷共14页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
1.答第I卷前，考试务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。
2.第I卷（1-20小题，31-70小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第21-30小题，IV. Summary writing部分和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。
第I卷（共100分）I．Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversions between two speakers. At the end of each conversion, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.1:00p.m. B.2:03p.m.C.2:30p.m.D.2:45p.m2．A .Jon Smith isn’t in right now.B .The man dialed the wrong number.C. John Smith can’t answer the phone right now.D. The woman is busy working and can’t find John Smith.3. A. Delivering newspaper. B .Picking Fruit.C. Baby-sitting.D. Posting advertisements.4. A. At home. B. At a hair-dresser.C. In the office.D. In a library.5. A. Cook and baker. B. Waitress and diner.C. Tailor and customer.D. Boss and secretary.6 .A. The man forgot saying something about the exam.B. The man said something that annoyed Jess.C. The man didn’t care about the exam.D. The man kept talking in the exam.7. A. The boys are badly spoiled.B. The man gives them too much money.C. They should learn to manage money.D. She wants to save money for the boys.8. A. Delighted. B. Excited.C. Puzzled.D. Disappointed.9. A. Rebecca doesn’t work hard enough.B. Rebecca never falls asleep in class.C. Rebecca has a Japanese cultural background.D. Rebecca’s parents urge her to have more sleep.10. A. Cindy is satisfied with her new hair style.B. Cindy is suffering from a serious hair loss.C. Cindy found her new image unbelievably nice.D. Cindy’s hairstylist didn’t understand her requirement.Section BDirections：In Section B, you will hear several longer conversion(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation (s) and the passage(s).The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only twice. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In Sichuan province in 2013.B .In Washington, DC in 2000.C. In Washington, DC in 2013.D. In Sichuan province in 2000.12. A. She was seriously ill.B. her parents missed her too much.C. She was not accustomed to the food there.D. Pandas born outside China must come back before 4.13. A. Many US people saw her off at the airplane.B. It took her 6hours to come back home by plane.C. She was accompanied by a diplomat and doctor.D. A variety of food was prepared on the plane by Chinese zoo.Question 14 though 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They speak too carefully.B. They don’t like foreigners.C. .They use jokes and slangD. They are poor at communication.15. A. You are as beautiful as a queen. B. No problems.C. You are serious about small matters.D. Don’t play drams.16. A. Imitate their pronunciation.B. Point out their lake of patience.C. Learn to speak internationally.D. Ask them to speak slowly and clearly.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A cell phone that had just been released.B. A cell phone whose price had just dropped.C. cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.D. A cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.18. A. He was afraid the product he wanted would be sold out soon.B. He thought that the new technology was worth the full price.C. He predicted that the prices of well-designed products would go up.D. He knew products from this company seldom offered a discount.19. A. She picked one model and bought it without hesitation.B. She was always the first one to try out latest models.C.She often consulted product reviews before purchase.D. She compared prices and bought the more expensive one.20A. Most companies overstate the function of their products.B. Different people have different values and principles.C. The man admitted that he bought the cell phone too hastily.D. The woman was more experienced in buying expensive products.II Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in (21) ______60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.The woman looked down,(22) ______(shake) her head and said:“Not so good. My husband just lost job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.My heat ached. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. (23)____ I offer to pay for her groceries or ask for her husband’s resume?As i walked into the parking lot, I saw the woman (24)_______ (return) her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse (25)______ I thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful ofcash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.My heart pounded as I approached the woman.“Excuse me,” I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like to give you something.”I handed her the small card from my purse.When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said: “You have no idea (26) ____ this means to me.”I was a little startled by her reply. (27)_____ (not do) anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. All left for me (28)______(say) was: “ Oh, Would it be OK to give you a hug?”(29)______ we embraced, I walked back to my car -- and began to cry, too.The words on the card?“You Matter.”A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card (30) ___encouragement for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, but the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the geological society of American journal by a group of researchers, “Zealandia’’is a new continent that’s 31 beneath the ocean.Zealandia is 32 to be five million sq km. Most of this massive area is covered by water, but its highest mountains already have their own name: New Zealand.The small country is the only part of new Zealandia that isn't under water, but the paper’s authors want the huge landmass to be 33 worldwide as its own continent.‘The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a continent is much more than just an extra name on a list,’ the researchers wrote in their paper.Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started 34 research on the area using underwater and satellite mapping 35 . After completing their work, they were finally able to write a report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.But who decided on what is a continent and what isn't? There is ,in fact, no official organization that does some countries teach that there are six or even five continents. This changes depending on where in the world the school is.Due to their 36 as a continuous expanse of land, some classify Europe and Asia as the same continent-known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.And to making things even more confusing, France and Greece, as well as some other countries, classify North America and South American as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even 37 into outer space. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided that Pluto was no longer a planet ,met the requirements needed to be called a planet ,76 years after its 38 in 1930, experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to called a planet alongside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a “dwarf planet(矮行星)”,meaning that 39 books, models and museum exhibits all over world had to be 40 .But will be the world take the same notice of new Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.III .Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a b and c fill in each blanks with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Good news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could 41 up like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever 42 by scientists. According to41. A. hold B. wake C. end D. cheer42. A. carried out B. applied to C. participated in D. made up43. A. incredible B. accessible C. changeable D. recognizable44. A. assemble B. assess C. assume D. access45. A. alternative B. individual C. original D. separate46. A. score B. rate C. comment D. remark47.A. comparing B. reviewing C. presenting D. observing48. A. young B. similar C. amateur D. differentbination B. stability C. transformation D. flexibility50.A. increasingly B. strangely C. subsequently D. obviously51.A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise52.A. stronger B. closer C. further D. weaker53.A. option B. sign C. symptom D. cause54.A. replaced B. exposed C. divided D. cultivated55.A. stuck in mud B. buried in sand C. lost in thought D.set in stoneS ection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by going their own food. However, not everyone live on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 1,000 in North America alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a range of other benefits.Community gardens are located in a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden’s members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing, and so on. However, because they’ve shared by many people, individual gardeners pay very littleA community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits vegetables, in addition be beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden’sbenefits don’t stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area’s crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London’s Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities.56. Community gardens are designed for those whoA. are concerned about food safetyB. live in a house with a private plotC. can’t afford to buy organic foodD. don’t have their own property57. New York CityA. is owned by 20,000 individual gardensB. charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencingC. contains more than 750 community gardensD. is tended by professional gardeners and local residents58. What’s the benefit of community gardens?A. People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat.B. Residents are more familiar and related with each other.C. The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste.D. People can make some Profits from the visiting tourists.59. The understood word “oases” is closest in meaning toA. cultural and art centers B, popular platforms for exchangesC. peaceful and safe landsD. commercial and prosperous places（B）African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern Africa-These tips will enhance The experience that you have Things to Consider Before Booking an African Safari1)Book in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than a year in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more... 2）Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different topography and weather patterns -this greatly affects animal movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, then some parks are better than others for certain species. Show more...3)Choosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalised. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300people. Show more...4)GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game guides at any Safari camp is almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more...5)What’s the Best Time of Year to go on SafariUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to find out the best time of year for the safari area that you are intending to visit Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Show more...6)The PricesGoing on Safari is not cheap whichever way you do it, but the price range can be enormous. Unfortunately, safaris in most cases a case of “you pay for what you get”. Show more...7)Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, where road transfers are just not practical or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of the safari substantially but generally they are worth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of safari camps in different locations. Show more...8)Use an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed above, there is great deal tounderstand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff. Show more...CONTACT US NOW TO HELP YOU PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideas60.Which is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A.Means of transport.B.Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides61.John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it in ____.A.July 2018B.January 2018C.July 2017D.October 201762.Which of the following is FALSE about African Safari?A.You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.B.If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.C.The more money you pay, the better experience you’ll get.D.Not all the parks have the same species of animals.(C)A busy brain can mean a hungry body. We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain. Whose capacity to store fuel is very limited.So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or caloric expenditure, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students.Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institution recently experimented with exercise to counter such post-study food binges.Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B., oversaw the study, which was published this month in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Hunter notes that strenuous activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐) — a byproduct of intense muscle contractions（收缩）— circulating in the blood and augments blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirty--eight healthy college students were invited to U.A.B.’s exercise lab to report what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes tackling selections from college and graduate--school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza. The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should prompt the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too. But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the researchers calculated that the exercisers consumed about 25 fewer calories than they did during their baseline session. The non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more.The study has limitations, of course. We only looked at lunch, Hunter says; the researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call.63.According to the passage, ____may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight.A.A lot of energy-consuming mental activitiesB.Numerous physical movements or calorie burningC.Failure to resist the temptation of delicious foodD.Bodily hunger caused by physical growth64.The underlined word “counter” is closest in meaning to ___.A.StimulateB.MaximizeC.BalanceD.Prevent65.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Running is more beneficial than walking.B.Sweating in exercise can make people hungrierC.The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people’s appetite.D.When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do exercise for relaxation.66.Which of the following statements is FALSE?A.Mental activities can make people feel hungry.B.Physical exercise can make people refreshed and stay hungry.C.Sugar and lactate can help energize and restore people’s brain.D.It’s uncertain what types of exercise can effectively feed the brain.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech, you’ll know the social problems it can cause.67But there’s no need for embarrassment. Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our head, is -valuable. Far from being a sign of insanity, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities and control our emotions.For example, take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys. Your are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and talking about her problems.68 We do a lot of it when we are young.As according to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older, we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking. Our words give us an interesting view of our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.69 if you want proof, turn on sports channel. You’re sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problem and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places, just like a regular dialogue, and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.Both kinds of self-talk – silent and out loud – seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking. 70 .IV. Summery WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years, people have across the oceans to trade, explore, and transport goods. However ,not every ship arrives at its port of destination. Weather, war, navigation mistakes, and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks, which are estimated to number more than three million, have long fascinated us. In addition to being historically important, they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters. Ships carrying documents and artifacts can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events. For instance, in 1977 the Pandora, which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia. The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny(暴动) on another ship—the Bounty. Another important discovery of the US coast is 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge, the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration, as companies use advanced sonar, robots, and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships. One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration. The company has found hundreds of ships, including, in 2007, Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship, which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean, Carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million. Soon after the discovery, a long legal battle over ownership rights tool place between the company and the Spanish government. Cases like these are part of an ongoing debates about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________60第II卷（共46分）I TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.新颁布的禁烟令得到了广大市民的支持。