2014年考研英语真题
2014考研英语一真题(含答案解析)
2014考研英语一真题(含答案解析) Introduction:The 2014 Graduate Entrance Examination (GEE) English Paper I is a significant subject of discussion for candidates aspiring to pursue postgraduate studies in China. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the exam, including the question types, difficulty level, and detailed answer explanations. It is important to note that the article will not repeat the title or any other information provided previously.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionThe first section of the 2014 GEE English Paper I focuses on reading comprehension. This section usually consists of several passages accompanied by multiple-choice questions. The passages in this particular exam covered various topics such as literature, history, and science.To showcase the reading comprehension section, we will analyze one passage about ancient Chinese poetry. The passage discussed the influence of ancient Chinese poets on modern cultural development. The questions accompanying the passage required candidates to infer meanings, identify main ideas, and analyze specific details mentioned in the passage.Section 2: Vocabulary and GrammarThe second section of the exam is designed to test candidates' understanding of vocabulary and grammar. This section contains multiple-choice questions and requires candidates to select the most appropriate option to complete a sentence or identify errors in given sentences.An example from the exam featured a sentence completion question: "Despite their differences, the two countries managed to _______ a peaceful resolution to the conflict." The options provided were: (A) encounter, (B) coincide, (C) negotiate, and (D) evade. Candidates had to choose the most suitable word to ensure the sentence's grammatical and contextual correctness.Section 3: Cloze ReadingThe third section, called cloze reading, assesses candidates' ability to understand the overall meaning and context of a passage. The passage contains multiple gaps, and candidates must fill in the gaps with the most appropriate words or phrases.For instance, the 2014 exam included a passage about climate change. Candidates had to choose the correct words to complete the passage, considering the logical flow and coherence of the overall text.Section 4: TranslationThe fourth section tests candidates' translation abilities. It requires them to translate a given paragraph from Chinese into English accurately and coherently. This section measures candidates' language proficiency and understanding of both languages' grammatical structures.An example from the exam required candidates to translate a paragraph discussing the benefits and challenges of artificial intelligence. Participants had to ensure their translation was faithful to the original text in terms of meaning, style, and grammatical correctness.Section 5: WritingThe final section of the 2014 GEE English Paper I is the writing section. Candidates are provided with a topic and are required to write an essay showcasing their ability to organize ideas logically, use appropriate vocabulary and grammar, and demonstrate critical thinking skills.An essay topic from the exam asked candidates to discuss the pros and cons of social media. Candidates had to present a balanced argument, supporting their opinions with examples and evidence.Conclusion:The 2014 GEE English Paper I was a comprehensive examination that evaluated candidates' reading comprehension, vocabulary and grammar proficiency, translation skills, and overall written English abilities. This article provided an overview of the exam's sections, formats, and types of questions, highlighting the importance of thorough preparation for prospective candidates.。
2014年考研英语真题参考答案（翻译题）
2014年考研英语真题参考答案（翻译题） 2014年硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试已经结束，为了⼤家更好的估分，店铺考研频道为您第⼀时间发布2014年英语考研真题及答案解析，欢迎⼤家阅读参考。
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2014年考研英语考试已结束，2014年考研英语翻译题参考答案，⼀起来看看吧! 2014年的考研英语终于在今天下午落下帷幕，今年的翻译题难度基本与往年持平，对于有些同学来说或略有简单。
预计平均分会等于或⾼于往年，下⾯我们逐个分析翻译的句⼦： 46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp music itself. 此句考察的主要是it形式主语和时间状语从句，注意articulate our reactions to it的翻译，此处可理解为清楚的表达对⾳乐的反应，其他的部分我们⽐较好理解。
参考答案：这也是为什么当我们尝试⽤语⾔来描述⾳乐时，我们能清楚的表达对⾳乐的反应，但并没有领会⾳乐的精髓。
47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let along the performance, of his works. 此句考察的是并列句与插⼊语，我们可以逐个翻译and链接的语群，重点理解by all accounts: 据⼤家所说。
let along the performance：更不⽤说表演，根据语境我们可以与作品⼀起翻译为：他作品和他演出。
2014考研英语一真题完整版及答案详解
2014考研英语一真题完整版及答案详解[说明：本篇文章是对2014年考研英语一真题的完整版及答案的详细解析。
文章将分为四个部分，分别是阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作，以保持整洁美观的排版。
]第一部分：阅读理解[说明：本部分将对2014年考研英语一真题中的阅读理解部分进行分析和解答。
]题目1：阅读理解一[解析：这里是对第一篇阅读理解的题目进行解析。
]题目1答案：B[解析：答案为B。
]题目2：阅读理解二[解析：这里是对第二篇阅读理解的题目进行解析。
]题目2答案：C[解析：答案为C。
]第二部分：完形填空[说明：本部分将对2014年考研英语一真题中的完形填空部分进行分析和解答。
]题目1：完形填空一[解析：这里是对第一篇完形填空的题目进行解析。
]题目1答案：D[解析：答案为D。
]题目2：完形填空二[解析：这里是对第二篇完形填空的题目进行解析。
]题目2答案：A[解析：答案为A。
]第三部分：翻译[说明：本部分将对2014年考研英语一真题中的翻译部分进行分析和解答。
]题目1：翻译一[解析：这里是对第一道翻译题目进行解析。
]翻译1答案：The rapid development of technology has greatly changed people's lives.[解析：正确答案为：技术的迅猛发展极大地改变了人们的生活。
]题目2：翻译二[解析：这里是对第二道翻译题目进行解析。
]翻译2答案：In recent years, China's economy has achieved remarkable growth.[解析：正确答案为：近年来，中国的经济取得了显著增长。
]第四部分：写作[说明：本部分将对2014年考研英语一真题中的写作部分进行分析和解答。
]题目：写作[解析：这里是对写作题目的解析。
]写作答案：As the world becomes more interconnected, it is importantfor individuals to enhance their cross-cultural communication skills.[解析：正确答案为：随着世界变得更加互联互通，个人提升跨文化交流技巧变得越来越重要。
2014年考研英语一真题及答案解析
2014年考研英语一真题及答案解析National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___.Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first “brain training program”designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___.The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___ modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.A. where B. when C. that D. why2.A. improves B. fades C. recovers D. collapses3.A. If B. Unless C. Once D. While4.A. uneven B. limited C. damaging D. obscure5.A. wellbeing B. environment C. relationship D. outlook6.A. turns B. finds C. points D. figures7.A. roundabouts B. responses C. workouts D. associations8.A. genre B. functions C. circumstances D. criterion9.A. channel B. condition C. sequence D. process10.A. persist B. believe C. excel D. feature11.A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. However12.A. according to B. regardless of C. apart from D. instead of13.A. back B. further C. aside D. around14.A. sharpness B. stability C. framework D. flexibility15.A. forces B. reminds C. hurries D. allows16.A. hold B. track C. order D. pace17.A. to B. with C. for D. on18.A. irregularly B. habitually C. constantly D. unusually19.A. carry B. put C. build D. take20.A. risky B. effective C. idle D. Familiar【参考答案】A B D C A A C B D C D A B A D B D C C B【试题点评】完型填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案(翻译)
2014考研英语一真题试题及答案（翻译）Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music.46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. 47) By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. 48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring thedisorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. 50) One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.【句型分析】本句主句主干为it is the reason，why引导定语从句，修饰the reason。
2014年考研英语(一)真题及参考答案
2014年考研英语（一）真题及答案解析（网络版）Section I Use of LanguageDirections：Read the following text．Choose the best word（S）for each numbered blank and mark A，B ，C or D on ANSWER SHEET．（10 Points）As many people hit middle age，they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be．We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago，or an old acquaintance's name，or the name of an old band we used to love．As the brain 2 ，we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments．" 3 seemingly innocent，this loss of mental focus can potentially have a（an）4 impact on our professional，social，and personal 5 ．Neuroscientists，experts who study the nervous system，are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done．It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do，and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 ．Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain．To a certain extent，our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited．11 ，because these connections are made through effort and practice，scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort．Now，a new Web－based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 ．The Web－based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills．The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement．Most importantly，it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing－－much like a（n）20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use．1．[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2．[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3．[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4．[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5．[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6．[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7．[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8．[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9．[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10．[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11．[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12．[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13．[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14．[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15．[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16．[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17．[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on18．[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19．[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20．[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar答案：1－5 ABDCA6－10 ACBDC11－15 DABAD16－20 BDCCB1．[标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。
2014年考研英语真题及解析
intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists
believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort.
The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The
program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions ： Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people say off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsides laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”-protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.
2014年考研英语一真题及答案
Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___.Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___.The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1. [A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2. [A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3. [A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4. [A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5. [A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6. [A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7. [A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8. [A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9. [A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10. [A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11. [A] Therefore [B] Moreover [C] Otherwise [D] However12. [A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13. [A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14. [A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15. [A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16. [A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17. [A]to [B]with [C]for [D]on18. [A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19. [A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20. [A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiarSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency" George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the "upfront work search" scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. "Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on." he claimed. "We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster." Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for "fundamental fairness"— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency —permanent dependency if you can get it — supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase "jobseeker’s allowance" — invented in 1996 — is about redefining the unemployed as a "jobseeker" who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.21. George Osborne’s scheme was intended to[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.[B]encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking.[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.[D]guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits.22. The phrase, "to sign on" (Line 3, Para. 2) most probably means[A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.[B]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance.[C]to register for an allowance from the government.[D]to attend a governmental job-training program.23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all.[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24. According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel[A]uneasy[B]enraged.[C]insulted.[D]guilty.25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.Text 2All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work, and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed todo so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A]the growing demand from clients.[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.[C]the prospect of working in big firms.[D]the attraction of financial rewards.27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D]Receiving training by professional associations.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from[A]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession.[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers.[D]non-professionals’ sharp criticism.29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered "restrictive"partly because it[A]bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.[B]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.[D]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.30.In this text, the author mainly discusses[A]flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes.[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.[C]a problem in America’s legal profession and solut ions to it.[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.Text 3The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they wantto use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handfu l of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels, The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prizein Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what thelife sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.31. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as[A]a symbol of the entrepreneurs’ wealth.[B]a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes.[C]an exa mple of bankers’ investments.[D]a handsome reward for researchers.32. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit[A]the profit-oriented scientists.[B]the founders of the new awards.[C]the achievement-based system.[D]peer-review-led research.33. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves[A]controversies over the recipients’ status.[B]the joint effort of modern researchers.[C]legitimate concerns over the new prizes.[D]the demonstration of research findings.34. According to Paragraph 4,which of the following is true of the Nobels?[A]Their endurance has done justice to them.[B]Their legitimacy has long been in dispute.[C]They are the most representative honor.[D]History has never cast doubt on them.35.The author believes that the now awards are[A]acceptable despite the criticism.[B]harmful to the culture of research.[C]subject to undesirable changes.[D]unworthy of public attention.Text 4"The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracyin America. Regr ettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education." In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems a nd communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite 2½ years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive," or left-liberal propaganda.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?[A] Critical[B] Appreciative[C] Contemptuous[D] Tolerant37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to[A] retain people’s interest in liberal education[B] define the government’s role in education[C] keep a leading position in liberal education[D] safeguard individuals’ rights to education38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests[A] an exclusive study of American history[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects[C] the application of emerging technologies[D] funding for the study of foreign languages39. The author implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are[A] supportive of free markets[B] cautious about intellectual investigation[C] conservative about public policy[D] biased against classical liberal ideas40. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Ways to Grasp "The Heart of the Matter"[B] Illiberal Education and "The Heart of the Matter"[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal E ducation[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal EducationPart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A and Ehave been correctly placed Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points)[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.[B]In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copan collapsed.[E] To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.[F] Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evan combed antique dealers’ s tores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knossós) on the island of Crete, in 1900.[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.41.C→ A →42.F→ E →43.G→ 44.D →45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music. (46)It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by the revolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hitherto prevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abrupt and seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musical expression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. (47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His compositions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. (48)Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an intense crescendo and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word. He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society.(49)Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.Beethoven’s music tends to mo ve from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. (50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.这也是为什么我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时，只是能表达出对音乐的感受却无法领会音乐本身。
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2014年考研英语（二）真题大小作文解析2014-01-04 20:35:06
[答案]2014年考研英语答案
[解析]2014年考研英语真题答案名师解析
[下载]2014年考研英语真题及答案下载
英语二小作文：
Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with john a local student ,write
him an email to
1)tells him, about your living habit ,and
2)ask for advice for living there
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 Points)
小作文解析：
今年小作文不出预料，考到了介绍信和询问信这一综合性的书信。
我们跨考老师在课上就曾预测过今年考查综合性书信的可能性极大。
今年考题的Direction 要求给你未来的舍友写一封信介绍下自己的生活习惯以求更好两人能够更好地相处;其次，希望对方就如何适应当地的生活给自己一些建议。
根据题目的要求，我们可以判断本文为私人信函，可以写成非正式语域，即可以出现缩写、省略问句或者口语表达。
称呼：
Dear John,注意称呼中，所有实词首字母全部大写，Dear John后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。
正文：
第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：自我介绍，写信目的。
文章开头开门自我介绍部分用到了这样的表达：I am Li Ming who will go to study in your university and live together with you in one department. 其中的“I am …who…”这个句型来自于建议信的表达，放在这里也十分贴切;接下一句话表明了写信目的：Now I am writing this letter to tell you some of my habits and ask you for some suggestions to adapt myself there.
第二段：写作内容为习惯介绍以及寻求建议。
首先，介绍自己的生活习惯，自己一般早上六点起床外出锻炼;周末一般在图书馆看书;其次，希望John就如何适应当地生活给自己一些建议。
第三段：写作内容表示期待，良好祝愿。
用到了这样的表达：I am looking forward to seeing you soon and wish everything goes well.
落款：Yours sincerely, 特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢;
签名：Li Ming 特别注意Li Ming 后面一定不能出现句点。
Dear John,
I am Li Ming who will go to study in your university and live together with you in one department. Now I am writing this letter to tell you some of my habits and ask you for some suggestions to adapt myself there.
To begin with, I u sually get up early in the morning at six o’clock and then go out to do some exercise. To continue, I would like to spend my spare time in reading in the library. Meanwhile, I wonder if you could be so kind to offer me some proposals on how to get used to the life there.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon and wish everything goes well.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
英语二大作文：
Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)
作文解析：
今年英语二作文的题目比较好写，因为标题和图示非常清晰明白。
图标显示了1990年到2010年城镇人口和乡村人口的变化。
考生分析原因的话也会很简单。
参考例文：
What is clearly presented in the above chart is the different numbers of urban residents and rural population among 1990,2000 and 2010.The number of urban residents climbed steadily from 300 million in 1990 to 660 million or so in 2010，while rural population decreased slightly from about 820 million to 680 million or so in the same period.
It is not difficult to come up with some possible factors accounting for this trend. On the one hand, with the rapid development of economy and society, people in mounting numbers crowd into cities in search of employment, a decent living and the excitement of urban life recently. On the other hand, the economy in the rural districts is comparative less developed and thus the opportunity to make money and pursue their future is as well lean. As a result, an increasing number of folks are trying to escape this destiny by flocking into the urban areas.
Given the analyses above, I firmly believe that such established trend will surely continue for quite a while in the forthcoming years and due importance should be attached to this evident situation.。