2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题

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2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题2试题三下图为我国南方某市近郊的一块多边形用地，面积约80公顷，周边为已建城市主、次干路。

按照分区规划的要求，应将其规划为一个可容纳40万人左右、分设为三个居住小区的居住区，并附设城市公共加油站一处(用地面积为1200m2)。

某居住区规划及选址方案示意图规划设计人员据此结合居住区配套公建的分布，小区公建分布和住宅组团、绿地系统、道路系统等的综合布置进行研究，提出了如图所示的居住区和小区主路的路网结构规划方案及城市公共加油站的选址。

【问题】试评析该规划及选址方案的主要优缺点。

(提示：不涉及道路宽度、断面型式和转弯半径)试题四某市市区总体规划方案规定，市区东北部为一绿化隔离地区，面积约400公顷。

为使该隔离地区近期实施绿化，市政府采取鼓励政策，如在该地区已实施绿化面积达30％之后，可以利用2％用地开发经营不影响绿化的低层建设项目，并在开发建设的同时将该地区全部绿化。

为此乡政府依据市政府的政策向城市规划行政主管部门提出申请，在该用地内建设3万m2的二层乡村式别墅和1.0万m2的游艺设施。

经城市规划行政主管部门审核，确定建设总用地为7.5公顷，并经市政府批准。

「问题」经市政府批准的绿化用地改为建设用地是否需办理用地性质变更手续？试题五某企业单位拟在单位内部建公司办公楼一座，经规划管理部门批准“一书两证”，但在建设过程中，将原来设计文件中的建筑规模由8000m2增至8500m2，此工程现已进入室内设计及部分装修阶段，被城市监察大队发现，责令其停止施工。

「问题」这个案件应该如何处理？试题六1999年1月4日，××市政府领导班子集体研究决定在H村开发建设一个电子工业加工区。

1999年2月2日，市政府联席会在听取政府负责同志的汇报后，同意与被征地单位签订征地协议，在该市土地利用总体规划确定的农用地区域内征用土地。

据此精神，在未按法定程序申请报批的情况下，由电子工业加工区建设办公室主持，于1999年2月11日与H（1999）村村委会签订了征地协议一份。

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题1一、单选题1、在进行功能分区时，为使各部空间都能得到合理安排，不需要考虑的关系是（）。

A．“主”与“次”的关系B．“闹”与“静”的关系C．“内”与“外”的关系D．“上”与“下”的关系2、一般道路运输系统中的技术要求有8条，下面列出的几条中有错的是（）。

A．主要出入运输道路2m左右B．车间与车间之间有一定数量的物流及人流运输C．辅助道路-功能单元之间，人物流较少，如消防车道等D．车间行道-建筑物出入口与主、次、辅助道路相连部分3、日照间距是根据日照标准和当地计算日太阳的高度角（h）来计算的，有公式D=（H-H）/tanα,下面关于公式中字母的说法不正确的是（）。

1A．α--下午太阳高度角B．H--前幢建筑檐口至水平线高度C．H1--后面一幢房屋的窗台至地面高度D．D--日照间距4、不属于建筑限高范围内的建筑物是（）。

A．在古城保护区范围内，视线景观走廊及风景区范围内的建筑物B．市、区中心的临街建筑物C．航空港、电台、电信、微波通信、气象台、卫星地面站、军事要塞工程等周围的建筑物D．局部突出屋面的楼梯间、电梯机房、水箱间、烟囱等5、关于建设程序说法不正确的是（）。

A．建设程序是指建设项目从设想、选择、评估、决策、设计、施工到竣工验收、投入生产整个建设过程中，各项工作必须遵循的先后次序的法则B．它是项目科学决策和顺利进行的重要保证C．建设程序只可适当违反，有时可不共同遵守D．建设程序科学地总结了建设工作的实践经验，反映了建设工作所固有的客观规律6、关于项目建议书中的环境保护说法不正确的是（）。

A．项目所在地区的环境现状加以说明B．项目建成后可能造成的环境影响分析C．国家环保部门的意见和要求D．环境保护存在的问题及建议7、下列四项中，属于设计任务书内容的是（）。

A．劳动定员控制数B．设计依据和设计的指导思想C．主要建筑物、公用辅助设施和生活区的建设D．生产组织、劳动定员和技术经济指标8、关于结构选型说法不正确的一项是（）。

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题1
试题一
我国东部某一城市的总体规划，规划人口规模35万人，用地规模35km2.该市是其所在省属地域范围内的一个中心城市，其东南方向为某沿海经济发达的大城市，北面约200km
是其所在省的省会大城市。

该市地处两条主要河流的交汇处，一区西侧有两处省级风景区隔江相望，北面、东面有两个主要山系的余脉，使城市处于一个盆地中，静风频率高，城市热岛效应较强，污染不宜扩散。

有一条高速公路从城市西南侧绕城而过，东南是铁路及站场。

该城市总体规划如下图所示。

某城市总体规划图(2000-2020年)
【问题】试根据该城市总体规划对本方案进行综合评析。

试题二
下图所示为某城市一所中学规划的设计方案。

某市某所中学规划设计方案
【问题】
请指出学校选址及总平面设计中存在的主要问题。

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题(3)

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题(3)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：180分案例分析题(共10题，每题10分)(1)开发建设单位拟在某市城区边缘地段内建设商品住宅，其性质与总体规划相符。

在做了初步测算后，向城市规划行政主管部门提出了建设申请。

该项目占地约26.2hm2，其内有部分待改造的平房及工厂等；基地北侧临城市次干道；西侧为城市外围的快速路(过境交通)；东、南侧为已改造完成的住宅(楼房)；北侧为规划风景区和已建成的度假别墅区。

图中所示河流与水面已纳入市区雨水排放系统。

城市规划行政主管部门现已给出修建性详细规划的部分规划条件(基地现状详见附图)：1．用地情况：规划性质、边界条件、规划用地面积；2．建筑限高、建筑后退及间距要求；3．小区绿地配置要求；4．公建配套设施要求；5．市政设施及道路的配置要求；6．地块内应保留的现状设施；7．遵守事项：规划设计条件的时限、规划方案编制、报审及建设项目相关手续申报须符合的有关规范、规定的要求。

(2)开发建设单位申请在某城市中心区进行旧区改造，建设商贸、办公建筑项目。

该地段西侧为风貌性建筑，集中成片，并有小游园一处，现已批准公布为“保护近代西式住宅风貌为主的历史街区”的重点保护区。

拟改造规划可用地面积约3公顷，为历史街区保护的建设控制地带，其中有几幢可保留的风貌建筑（基地现状详见下图）。

经城市规划管理部门研究后，认为该申请建设项目与城市总体规划确定的用地性质相符，但在改造中必须严格有效控制，为此拟出了修建性详规的部分规划设计条件：(3)某旅游开发区控制性详细规划编制任务书为了更好地发展地方经济，开发地方的旅游资源，经某大型国际投资公司(甲方)委托，北京某知名设计公司(乙方)同意承担编制该旅游开发区控制性详细规划。

为了使项目顺利进行，双方做如下约定，共同遵守。

(一)工作内容1．规划范围本规划范围在我国西南地区某风景名胜区内，基地位于风景区内南部地区，用地面积约568hm2，其中一期建设用地约l 77hm2。

2008城市规划师《城市规划实务》预测模拟题三

题目1:某建设单位通过参与国有土地使用权拍卖，竞得某城市中心区两个地块的土地使用权，两地块面积共46公顷，规划性质为居住和公建，建设总量控制为住宅60万平方米，公建40万平方米。

该地段西侧、北侧为城市公园，东侧为市级体育设施。

地块南侧和东侧临城市主干路，西、北两侧为城市次干路.城市干路围合范围内的用地面积为85公顷，其中己建成三个居住小区，分别位于该地块的南侧和北侧，已按小区规模安排了配套设施，并已有一所中专学校.
依据该两地块土地出让的规划设计条件，分析还有哪些规划设计条件需要补充(地段现状详见示意图).己给出的规划设计条件：
1.用地情况：规划用地性质、规划用地面积、用地边界条件;
2.土地使用强度：容积率、建筑密度的规划控制指标;
3.建筑后退要求(包括城市绿化带和建筑后退线)及间距规定;
4.绿地率及集中绿地配置要求：
5.建筑风格、体量、色彩等要求;
6.遵守事项：规划设计条件的时限、规划方案编制、报审及建设项目相关手续申报须符合的有关规范和规定要求。

试补充其它必要的规划设计条件。

正确答案：1、建筑限高条件。

(2分)
2、拟建地块里新建建筑应考虑对原有建筑的影响。

(4分)
3、处理好与城市公园(1)、市级体育设施(l)及城市干路沿线(1)的关系。

(3分)
4、结合现状统一规划居住区级道路系统(2),考虑拟建地块出入口设置(1)和停车设置要求(1)。

(4分)
5、按居住区规模要求安排居住区级(l)公共服务配套设施(l)及市政设施没。

(2分)。

2008城市规划师《城市规划实务》预测模拟题一

题目1:某单位编制了一滨河新城(中等城市规模)总体规划方案(见附图)报有关部门征求意见，经审查发现，有些问题应当加以改正。

试指出方案中存在的问题，并提出修改意见。

答案：15分11个得分点正确答案：一、存在的问题：1、油库区不应布置在城市的主导风向的上风侧及河流的上游(2)2、城市缺少生活岸线。

(2)3、疏港大道不应设在城市居住区的用地内建设，其紧*城市住区和公共设施用地对环境有污染。

(2)4、二、三类工业用地紧*。

5、城市道路网不明确(1)6、没有安排市政公用设施用地(提到一项得半分;提到两项得一分。

包括供水、排水、煤气、电力、消防)7、绿地不成系统(1)二、修改意见：8、油库迁出(1)9、调整布局，增加生活岸线。

(1)10、结合码头、工业用地、仓储用地的调整另设疏港大道。

(1)11、在二三类工业与城市区之间留出隔离带，并调整城市用地布局。

(1) 题目2:图为一座市区人口规模70万的大城市市区总体规划示意图。

试评析道路网及主要交通场站设施布局的不合理之处。

15分7个得分点。

正确答案：1、高等快速路穿过市中心，影响城市环境。

(3)2、高等的滨江快速路损害沿江生活的功能。

(2)3、物流中心与仓储区、铁路货站的布局不协调。

(2)4、桥位少且布置不均匀。

(2)5、丁字路，局部路网密度低，右的路口过桥高架。

(3)6、客运码头没有对应的道路联系。

(2)7、新建铁路的货站不应安排在居住区中。

(1)题目3:某开发商拟建在滨江规划建设一居住小区，用地规模约12公顷，提出了一个用地功能的布局初步设想(见附图)，试指出该设想中的主要用地功能及其布局存在的主要问题，并提出修改意见(不用做图)。

此题共15分，9个得分点：正确答案：一、存在问题：1、滨江位置全部布置高层，将阻挡其南部住区的景观视线。

(2)2、小区被城市次干道穿越，南北联系不便。

(2)3、小区中无集中绿地。

(2)4、没有公共活动空间。

(1)5、托幼用地安排不尽合理。

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题751、交通规划和管理中实行公交优先的方法不包括以下（）。

A．设置公共交通专用道B．设置定时的公共交通专用道路C．城市单行道变成公共交通专用道，而且允许定时双向通行D．设置公共交通优先通行的交通标志52、公共停车场的服务半径在中心地区一般以（）为宜。

A．200m B．300mC．400m D．500m53、现代城市道路面积率以（）左右较为合适。

A．20% B．25%C．30% D．35%54、城市道路按国标分类为（）。

A．高速路、快速路、中速路、慢速路B．高速路、快速路、主干路、次干路C．交通性道路、生活性道路D．快速路、主干路、次干路、支路55、车流对向行驶的城市道路，当设计车速达到（）时，必须设置中央隔离带。

A．35km/h B．40km/hC．50km/h D．60km/h56、大城市公共交通线路网上，、乘客平均换乘系数不应小于（）。

A．2.0 B．1.8C．1.5 D．1.457、35kV电压等级的变电所供电半径为（）km。

A．5～10 B．15～30C．30～50 D．40～6058、城市送电网中一次送电网一般以（）方式结送为宜。

A．放射式 B．环式C．联络线 D．多回线式59、气化和混气站的液化石油贮罐总容量10m3以下的，与站内办公用房防火间距为（）m。

A．15 B．20C．30 D．3560、季节性运行的锅炉房的位置应位于（）。

A．全年最小频率风向的上风侧B．全年最小频率风向的两侧C．该季节盛行风向的两侧D．该季节盛行风向的下风侧61、水厂生产区外围（）范围内不得设置生活居住区。

A．10m B．50mC．100m D．1000m62、高层建筑主体需有不小于（）周长的防火面。

A．1/10B．1/5C．1/4D．1/263、园林城市中，全市生产绿地总面积不低于城市建成区面积的（）。

A．1%B．2%C．10%D．15%64、历史文化名城保护规划成果中规划图纸内容不包括以下（）。

2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题

人口环境[材料1]Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world.Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground, there will be less pollution.Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.1.Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because ______.A.there were not any modern machinesB.there was no modern medicineC.both A and BD.there were not many people2.What is the biggest problem in today’s life?A.Water pollutionB.Air pollutionC.NoiseD.Pollution3.The most serious kind of pollution is ______.A.noise pollutionB.air pollutionC.water pollutionD.A, B and C4.Factories must clean their water ______.A.before they are thrown awayB.when they are thrown awayC.after it is thrown awayD.before it is thrown away5.From the passage we know that ______.A. a few years ago, there was no smog at allB.today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voiceC.we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakesD.people are making rules in order to fight pollutionKey: 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D[材料2]Look at your watch for just one minute. During that time the population of the world increased by eighty-five people. Perhaps you think that isn’t much. In the next hour, more than 5,000 additional, people will be living on this planet. So it goes, hour after hour. In one day, there are about 120,000 additional mouths to feed. Multiply this by 365. What will happen in 100 years?This population explosion may be the greatest challenge of today. Within the next forty years, the world population may double. Can the new frontiers of science meet the needs of the crowded world of tomorrow?If the present rate of population increase for the next 600 or 700 years, there will be standing room only. Each person will have between 3 to 10 square feet of space in which to live. This includes the mountaintops, deserts, and the ice and snow fields of the polar regions. Of course, no one expects such a thing to happen. War, plague, famine, or some other catastraphe can expected to occur long before the population reaches this point. Actually, the danger is not in an overcrowded world where people are huddled together so that they cannot move arms and legs, but in an upset balance between population and resources.1.This passage mainly talks about ______.A.the rate of population increaseB.the total number of population in the worldC.the problems caused by population explosionD.the relation of science and population2.According to the auther, in a hundred years’ time ______.A.the world’s popula tion will be doubledB.the world’s population will be four thousand, three hundred and eighty millionC.there will be standing room only on this planedD.there will be four thousand, three hundred and eighty million more people born to this planet3.“An upset balance between population and resources” means “______”.A.Some people have more resource than othersB.People will be worried about their resourcesC. A small number of people will control most of the resourcesD.There will not be enough resources to meet the needs of the large population4.Which of the following statements is not true?A.Eight-five people are born in this planet every minute.B.There will be about 120,000 people in this planet tomorrow.C.The world population in forty years will be twice as much as that of today.D.Each person will only have standing room in 600 or 700 years.5.According to the passage, population control is necessary because ______.A.too much population can cause troubleB.our government objects to population explosionC.three will not be enough food to meet the needs of the large populationD.most of people only want to have one childKey: 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.A[材料3]Do you know something about tree rings? Do you know they can tell us what the weather was like, sometimes even hundreds of years ago?A tree will grow well in a climate with lots of sunshine and rainfall. And little sunshine or rainfall will limit the growth of a tree. We can see the change of climate by studying the tree rings. For example, to find out the weather of ten years ago, count the rings of a tree from the outside to the inside. If the tenth ring is far from the eleventh ring, then we’re s ure that it was sunny and rainy most of that year. If it is near to the eleventh ring, then the climate that year was bad.Tree rings are important not only for studying the history of weather but also for studying the history of man. Many centuries ago there lived a lot of people at a place in New Mexico. But now you can find only sand there—no trees and no people. What happened?A scientist studied the rings of dead trees there. He found that the people had to leave because they had cut down all the trees to make fires and buildings. As all the trees had gone, the people there had to move.1.1.______ in good climate.A.Tree rings grow far from each otherB.Tree rings become thinnerC.Tree don’t need sunshine or rainfallD.People can cut down most of trees2.The scientists are interested in studying tree rings because tree rings can tell ______.A.whether a tree was strong or notB.whether people took good care of the trees or notC.whether the climate was good or notD.how old the trees were3.If you want to find out the weather of twenty years ago, you should study ______ of a tree from theoutside to the inside.A.the twentieth ringB.the tenth ringC.the nineteenth ringD.the twenty-first ring4.Why did people usually live in place with lots of trees?A.Trees could tell the change of the weatherB.Trees brought lots of sunshine and rainC.Trees could make weather not too hot or too coldD.Trees could be used for burning and for building houses5.The people had to leave the place in New Mexico ______.A.because had weather stopped the growth of treesB.because they no longer had water and the land became sandC.because they didn’t have enough trees for burningD.because there was too much rain thereKey: 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.C[材料4]Population and PollutionMany of the world’s pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. Supply for the needs of the people leads to further pollution by industry. If the rapid increase of world population in continues at the present rate, there may be much greater harm to human beings. Some scientists speak of the increase in numbers of people as “population pollution”.About 2000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 million. It reached a billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was two billion. It is now three and a half billion. It is expected to double by the year 2000. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there will be 25 billion people in the world a hundred years from now!Man has been using the Earth’s resources more and more rapidly cover the past years. Some of them are almost used up. Now many people believe that man’s greatest problem is how to control the growth of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to support the human population, in time to come, if the present rate of increase continues. Already there is overcrowding in many cities and starvation in some countries. Should man’s population keep on growing so rapidly as before? Many people believe that human survival in the future depends on the answer to this question.1.The rapid increase in population is considered to be ______.A.the increase of resourcesB.population pollutionC.the development of mankindD.the present rate2.The world population will be ______ by the year 2000.A.7 billionB.250 millionC.25 billionD. 3.5 billion3.It is very important for us ______.A.to use the materials in the worldB.to move into citiesC.to control the growth of our populationD.to support the human population4.If the present rate of increase continues ______.A.the world is going to endB.the earth won’t be able to support the growing population in the futureC.pollution has nothing to do with the rapidly increasing populationD.there would be four billion in the world a hundred years from now5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.In 1850 the world population reached a billion.B.Man must fight a battle against population pollution.C.The world’s population is increasing with years.D.All of the E arth’s resources are gone now.Key: 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D[材料5]Modern zoos are different from those built fifty years ago. In those zoos were places where people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in cages with iron bars. Although the zoo keepers took good care of them, many the animals did not feel comfortable, and they often fell ill.In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural conditions. The animals are given more freedom in larger places so that they can be more comfortable. Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in cages, and water flows through the places the animals live in. there are few bars; instead, there is often a deep ditch, filled with water which surrounds a space where several kinds of animals live together as they would naturally. In an American zoo, the visitor can walk through a huge special cage that is filled with trees, some small animals and many birds, and large enough for the birds to live naturally. In a zoo in New York, with the use of special night light, people can watch certain animals that are active only at night, when most zoos are closed. Some zoos have special places for visitors to watch animals that live in the desert.Modern zoos not only show animals to visitors, but also keep and save rare animals. For this reason, fifty years from now, the grandchildren of today’s visitors will still be able to enjoy watching these animals. Let’s do something to protect animals—our friends.1.It seems that ______ is something most important for animals.A.eating good foodB.living in cagesC.living with other animalsD.living in natural conditions2.In modern zoos ______.A.different kinds of animals are kept separatelyB.animals are no longer taken good care ofC.animals have more freedomD.visitors can walk wherever they like3.In a modern zoo ______ feel comfortable.A.the animals, not the visitorsB.the visitor, not the animalsC.neither visitors nor animalsD.both visitors and animals4.In some zoos people can ______.A.walk through huge special cages to watch all sorts of animalsB.see animals which live in special conditionsC.during the day watch animals that are active at nightD.watch all the rare animals that may not be seen in the future5.The main idea of the passage is that ______.A.zoos are now places where animals can live naturallyB.zoos are places where people can see animals from all over the worldC.there should be old and modern zoos alikeD.rare animals may soon die outKey: 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.A[材料6]The World’s Water ShortageThe world is not only hungry, but it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered with water. But about 97 percent of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3 percent—the fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.However, as things stand today, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. But our need for water is increasing rapidly—almost day by day. Only if we take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a serious worldwide water shortage later on.We all have to learn how to stop wasting our valuable water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it.Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system. From there it returns to the sea or runs into underground storage tanks. But it is possible to pipe used water to a purifying plant. There it can be treated with chemicals so that it can be used again, just as if it were fresh from a spring.But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would n ot have enough. All we’d have to do to make use of the vast reserves of sea water in the world is to remove the salt.If we take these steps we’ll be in no danger of drying up.1.The world is thirsty for water because we can only use ______ percent of the water covering thesurface of the earth.A. 3B.more than 3C.less than 3D.972.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.As things remain unchanging, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us.B.Our need for water is becoming larger and larger.C.There will be no water shortage in the future.D.We should take steps to deal with the water shortage problem.3.To reuse water, we should ______.A.treat it with chemicalse it only onceC.send it out into a sewer systemD.make it flow into underground tanks4.In order to have enough water, we should also make use of ______.A.icebergs and glaciersB.sea waterC.rivers and lakesD.underground water5.In the passage, the writer tells us ______.A.to make enough waterB.to pay more attention to the water shortage problemC.to pipe used water to a purifying plantD.to reuse the waterKey: 1. C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B[材料7]Lesson from the natureToday, too many trees are still being cut down in many countries and floods all over the world are getting more and more serious. A lot of land has gone with them. This is a lesson from the nature.When people move into a new place, they often cut down trees or pull out many wild plants to make farmland. Maybe they don’t think they can eat trees or grass. They don’t know very much that trees can stop floods and the wind from washing or blowing the earth away, and that many of these wild plants are food for some wild animals. If the animals cannot find enough plants to eat, they will die or have to leave the place.In one part of the United States, for example, the deer there like to eat a kind of wild flower. The mountain tigers there eat the deer. But people killed many mountain tigers to protect the deer. Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild flowers. Then the deer began to eat the green leaves of the young trees. So the farmers thought of ways to protect their trees. Now the deer had nothing to eat and many of them died.The number of trees, deer, tigers, wild flowers and plants has changed much—less and less. We need to do more to keep the balance of the nature.Now more “Great Green Walls” are needed to s ave a lot of land and wild animals all over the world. People try to plant many more trees and grass, to protect wild plants and all kinds of wild animals, even tigers. People came to understand: to protect all living things on the earth means protecting people themselves.1.Floods are getting more and more serious because too many trees are being cut down.2.When people move into a new place, they often cut down trees or pull out wild plants to make fire.3.It’s very important to keep balance of nature.4.We need more “Great Green Walls” to save and protect the land and wild animals.5.We must protect ourselves when we meet wild animals.Key: 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F[材料8]A LESSON FROM NATURENot many years ago, some farmers were worried because hawks were taking many of their chickens. The farmers did not know what to do. Finally they went to the officials and asked for help.“Kill the hawks,” the officials said. “We’ll even pay you for them.” So the farmers began to think of ways to kill hawks.The farmers k illed many hawks. Before long they didn’t have to worry about their chickens. But they now had a new worry. Field mice were eating up a lot of the farmers’ grain.How did this happen?Hawks eat not only chickens but also field mice. They eat more field mice than chicken. But the farmers did not know this. When they killed a lot of hawks, they changed the balance of nature.When people move into a new place, they often destroy many wild plants. Many of these plants are food for the animals. If the animals cannot find enough plants to eat, they will starve or have to leave the place.In one part of United States, for example, the deer there like to eat a certain kind of wild rose. The mountain lions there eat the deer. The number of deer, mountain lions, and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are.But people killed many mountain lions in order to protect the deer. Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. Then the deer began to eat the green leaves of young trees. These trees were important to the farmers. So the farmers thought of ways to protect their trees. Now the deer had nothing to eat, and many of them died. This was another lesson from nature.It is of importance for us to keep the balance of nature. This is the lesson we should remember for ever.1.The officials told the farmers ______.A.to drive the hawks awayB.to kill the hawksC.to take care of their chickensD.to move away2.______ ate the farmers’ grain.A.HawksB.ChickensC.CatsD.Field mice3.When we move into a new place, we usually ______.A.kill animalsB.build new housesC.plant young treesD.cut down wild plants4.How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage?A.FourB.FiveC.SixD.Seven5.The story suggests that we should ______.A.change the balance of natureB.kill animalsC.plant young treesD.keep the balance of natureKey: 1.B 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D[材料9]In the 13th century, the famous Italian traveler, Marco Polo, traveled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was that the Chinese used paper money. In western countries, people did not use paper money until the 15th century. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century.A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2,000 years ago. He made it from wood. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper. He then put these pieces of paper together and made them into a book.Now paper still comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. If there are no trees, there will be no paper. Every day, people throw away about 2,800 tons of paper in our city. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting nearly 48,000 trees every day. Since it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow, we must start using less paper now.If we don’t, we will not have enough time to grow more trees to take the place of those we use for paper.So how can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can choose drinks in bottles instead of those in paper packets. We can also use cotton handkerchiefs and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant does give us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.Everyone can help to save paper. If we all think carefully, we can help protect trees. But we should do it now, before it is too late.1.When he was in China, Marco Polo ______.A.discovered Cai Lun invented paperB.learned to make paperC.saw many wonderful thingsD.read a lot of books2.People in western countries first used paper money in the century.A.17thB.15thC.13thD.7th3.About ______ tons of paper are thrown away every day in our city.A.1,700B.2,000C.2,800D.48,0004.Which of the following is NOT the way of saving paper?A.To use both sides of every pieces of paperB.To use the paper bags from shops more than onceC.To use cotton handkerchiefs instead of paper onesD.To grow more trees5.Which of the following is NOT true?A.If we keep on wasting paper, we have no paper to use.B.The Chinese used paper money much earlier than the people in western countries.C.About 48,000 trees can be used to make 2,800 tons of paper.D.It is never too late to plant trees for paper.Key: 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.D。

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2008年城市规划师考试城市规划实务预测试题5一、单选题[共70题，每题1分，总计70分]1、城市社会的基本特征是（）。

A．城市社会的生活方式以复杂的劳动分工为特征B．城市社会产生的社会关系是以首属联系的C．城市社会与各个家庭的经济地位是联系在一起的D．城市社会中地缘关系和乡土意识是十分重要的社会认同基础2、城市社会与农村社会的基本特征的主要差别是（）。

A．本质区别是城市社会的异质性高于乡村社会B．城市社会的人际关系是以社会分工为基础，而农村社会是以地缘关系和乡土意识为基础C．城市社会是不同经济-社会背景的社群聚居，而农村社会是不同家族组合而成的共同体D．城市社会与农村社会的特有的生活方式不同3、英国经济学家费希尔和克拉克将经济活动分为多种部类，那么，为生产和消费提供服务的部类称为（）。

A．第一产业B．第二产业C．第三产业D．第四产业4、“后工业化”是指（）。

A．第二产业的增长足以取代农业的衰退，导致总就业岗位保持不变或者增加B．第三产业的增长足以取代第二产业的衰退，导致总就业岗位保持不变或者增加C．第三产业的增长足以取代农业的衰退，导致总就业岗位保持不变或者增加D．第三产业的增长足以取代第二产业的衰退，导致总就业岗位保持不变或略微减少5、下列对中国古代城市规划的社会政治背景的分析有误的一项是（）。

A．西周是我国奴隶制社会发展的重要时代，形成了完整的社会等级制度和宗教法礼关系，对于城市的形制也有相应的严格规则B．东周的春秋时代和战国时代是从奴隶制向封建制的过渡时代，也是社会变革思想的“诸子百家”时代，也是我国古代城市规划思想的多元时代C．到西汉的武帝时代，开始“废黜百家，独尊儒术”，因为儒家提倡的礼制思想是有利于巩固皇权统治。

城市形制就是礼制思想的体现D．到宋代，礼制思想在城市形制中的体现更为突出，其城市形制是集中设置东西两市的格局6、古希腊是欧洲文明的发祥地，在公元前5世纪，当时的主要建筑，如广场和公共建筑体现了（）。

A．帝王宣扬功绩的思想B．民主和平等的城邦精神C．欧洲教会势力的强大D．帝王贪图享受的思想7、柯布西埃的（）的规划方案，是他的现代城市规划和建设思想的集中体现。

A．明天城市B．未来城市C．光辉城市D．现代城市8、沙里宁的有机疏散理论的目标是（）。

①把衰败地区中的各种活动，按照预定方案，转移到适合于这些活动的地方去②把腾出来的地区，按照预定方案，进行整顿，改作其他适宜的用途③保护一切老的和新的使用价值④把大城市目前的那一整块拥挤的区域，分解成若干个集中单元⑤通过加快建设周边的新城，并使其慢慢的具有独立性和吸引力，对涌入城市中的人口起到截流和疏散的作用A．①②③⑤B．①②③④C．①③④⑤D．②③④⑤9、下面对混合审视方法中的项目决策的陈述，有误的一项是（）。

A．项目决策又称微观决策，也称为小决策B．项目决策是基本决策的具体化，受基本决策的限定，在此过程中，是依据分离渐进法来进行的C．基本决策是在项目决策的整体框架下进行的，从而保证了基本决策是为实现项目决策服务的D．项目决策是执行具体的任务10、人类住区的发展任务是（）。

A．向所有提供住房，改善人类住区管理，促进可持续的土地利用规划和管理B．促进综合提供环境基础设施，促进人类住区可持续的能源和运输系统，促进灾害易发生地区的人类住区规划和管理C．促进可持续的建筑业，促进人力资源开发和能力建设以推动人类住区发展D．A、B、C三项都是11、区域规划是城市规划的重要依据，城市与区域是“点”与“面”的关系，一个城市总是和它对应的一定区域范围相联系。

对于这句话的理解有误的是（）。

A．区域资源的开发，区域经济与社会文化的发展，特别是工业布局和人口分布的变化，对区域内已有城市的发展或新城镇的形成往往起决定性作用B．城市的发展目标、城市的性质和规模等的确定，必须避免局限于城市本身条件就城市论城市，而应将其放在与它有关的整个区域的开发过程中来进行考察C．城市规划可为区域规划提供有关区域发展方向和生产力布局的重要依据D．城市规划中的交通、动力、供排水等基础设施的布局应与区域规划的布局骨架相互衔接协调12、县级土地利用总体规划的内容包括（）。

①确定全县土地利用规划目标和任务②合理调整土地利用结构和布局、制定全县各类用地指标。

确定土地整理、复垦、开发、保护分阶段任务③划定土地利用区，并确定各区土地利用管制规则④安排能源、交通、水利等重点建设项目的用地⑤将全县土地利用指标分解落实到各乡、镇；拟定实施规划的措施⑥确定规划目标；土地利用结构和布局调整A．①②③④⑤B．②③④⑤⑥C．①③④⑤⑥D．①②③④13、地面大气的水平移动，由风向和风速表示的是（）。

A．风象B．风速C．风向D．风向频率14、（）是由于斜坡上大量滑坡体（土体或岩体）在风化、地下水及重力作用下，沿一定的滑动面向下滑动而造成的。

A．滑坡B．水土流失C．地震D．崩塌15、对城市布局现状的分析，应着重于（）。

①城市结构用地布局是否合理②城市用地布局结构能否适应发展要求③城市用地对生态环境的影响④城市交通系统结构的协调布局A．①②③B．①③④C．①②④D．①②③④16、（）是城市土地最基本的自然属性。

A．流动性B．承载性C．密度性D．疏通性17、城市总体布局是通过城市用地组成的不同形态体现出来的，研究城市用地各项主要用地之间的内在联系，城市总体布局内容的核心是城市用地功能组织，可通过以下几个方面体现（）。

①工业企业的组群方式布置，形成城市工业区②按居住区、居住小区等组成梯级布置，形成城市生活居住区③组织城市绿化系统，建立各级休憩场所④组织公共建筑群，形成城市的公共活动中心体系⑤划分城市道路的类别，形成城市道路交通体系A．①②③④⑤B．①②③④C．①③④⑤D．①②③⑤18、城市建设和发展的战略部署是（）。

A．城市形态B．城市分散式形态C．城市集中式形态D．城市总体布局19、一般是将不同方案的各种条件用扼要的数据、文字说明制成表格，以便于比较，通常考虑的比较内容有（）。

(1)地理位置及工程地质等条件(2)占地、动迁的情况(3)城市总体布局(4)城市中心的选择(5)生产协作(6)交通运输(7)环境保护(8)居住用地组织(9)防洪、防震、人防等工程设施(10)市政工程及公用设施(11)城市造价A．(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)B．(1)(2)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)C．(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)D．(1)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)20、检验规划是否经济合理的重要标志是（）。

A．城市性质B．城市自然环境C．城市总体布局能否集中紧凑D．城市管理21、城市规划中的历史环境调查包括（）。

A．自然环境的特色如地形、地貌的形态及与城市的关系、文物、城市格局、建筑风格、轮廓景观、工艺美术等B．该城市的发展史C．该城市的存在历史D．该城市以前的人口、战争、经济等情况22、属于地块控制性指标内容的是（）等。

A．建筑控制高度、容积率、人口容量B．用地性质、建筑密度、绿地率C．人口容量、建筑形式、体量、色彩、容积率D．人口容量、建筑风格、建筑红线后退距离23、下列关于城市公共交通线路网综合规划的说法不正确的一项为（）。

A．在市中心区规划的公共交通线路网的密度应达到3～4 km/km2，在城市边缘地区应达到2～2.5km/km2B．在城市乘客平均换乘系数不应大于1.5，中、小城市不应大于1.3C．公共交通线路非直线系数不应大于1.7D．市区公共汽车与电车主要线路的长度宜为8～12km；快速轨道交通的线路长度不宜大于40min的行程24、各项城市工程系统规划在城市经济社会发展总目标的前提下，根据本系统的实况和特性，明确各自的规划任务。

其中主要任务不包括（）。

A．城市供电工程系统规划和城市燃气工程规划的主要任务B．城市建设工程系统和城市交通工程系统的主要任务C．城市通信工程系统和城市给排水工程系统的主要任务D．城市防灾工程系统和城市环境卫生设施系统规划的主要任务25、在城市发展和建设领域中，（）是基于市场机制的种种缺陷而制作的。

A．对城市空间资源加以合理的配置B．要有公共政策来干预市场的自发过程C．实行市场经济体制来增加群众更大需求D．依法建设城市建筑物，推进市容来发展经济参考答案与解析第1试题答案：A试题解析：因为现代城市的生活方式以的劳动分工为特征，由此产生的社会关系不是以首属联系而是以次属联系为主导，城市社会的人际关系以社会分工为基础。

第2试题答案：A试题解析：B、C两项只是城市社会与农村社会主要差别的具体说明，而其本质的区别还是A。

而D项显然是错误的。

第3试题答案：C试题解析：产品直接来源于自然界的部类称为第一产业；对初级产品进行再加工的部类称为第二产业；为生产和消费提供服务的部类称为第三产业；没有第四产业。

第4试题答案：B试题解析：“后工业化”是城市产业结构转型可能表现出的两种过程之一。

第5试题答案：D试题解析：D项的分析有误。

到宋代，商品经济和世俗生活的发展开始冲破《周礼·考工记》的礼制约束。

在宋代东京汴梁城出现的商业大街，取代了唐长安城中集中设置的东西两市的格局。

第6试题答案：B试题解析：公元前5世纪古希腊当时的城市、广场和公共建筑取代了宫殿，作为市民集会场所，形成了城市的核心，体现了民主和平等的城邦精神。

第7试题答案：C试题解析：1931年，柯布西埃发表的“光辉城市”的规划方案是以前各种规划的深化。

第8试题答案：B试题解析：⑤是由田园城市而发展起来的新城所带来的作用。

第9试题答案：C试题解析：项目决策是在基本决策的整体框架之下进行的，从而保证了项目决策是为实现基本决策服务的。

第10试题答案：D试题解析：前面三项都不够全面。

第11试题答案：C试题解析：C项应为区域规划可为城市规划提供有关城市发展方向和生产力布局的重要依据。

第12试题答案：A试题解析：⑥是国家、省、地级土地利用总体规划的主要内容之一。

第13试题答案：A试题解析：风象是风在大地的水平移动，由风向和风速两个表示。

风向是指风吹来的方向、表示风向最基本的指标叫风向频率。

风向频率一般是累计一时期内各个方位风向的次数，并以占该时期内观测累计各个不同风向总次数的百分比来表示。

风速是指单位时间内所移动的距离，表示风速最基本的指标叫平均风速。

平均风速是按每个方向的风速累计平均值来表示的。

某一风向频率愈大，则其下风向受污染机会愈多。

某一方向的风速愈大，则稀释能力愈强，污染愈轻。

可见污染的程度与风频成正比，与风速成反比。

污染程度常用污染系数来表示即：污染系数=风向频率/平均风速。