考研英语(七)——状语和状语从句
考研状语从句(思维导图)
状语从句含义：一个句子做状语，表达“描述性信息”，补充说明另一个句子。
写法：主句＋从属连词＋完整的陈述句
位置：主句前、中、后
时间状语从句
when while as：当…时候
before：在…之前
after：在…之后
since：自从…
until：直到…
as soon as：一…就…
by the time：截止到…时候
each time/every time：每一次
the next time：下一次…
原因状语从句
because：因为…
since：因为
as：因为
now that：既然，由于…
结果状语从句
such…as…：太…所以…，接名词或名词词组
so…as…：太…所以…，接形容词或副词
so that…：所以
让步状语从句
although/though：尽管，虽然…
even if/even though：即使，虽然
while：虽然，尽管
however/no matter how：不管怎样
条件状语从句
if：如果…
unless：如果不，除非…
once：一旦…
as long as/so long as：只要…。
英语中状语从句用法及例句总结(完整)
状语从句（Adverbial Clause）状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。
它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。
从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
状语从句的种类状语从句可分为：1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time)2.地点状语从句；(adverbial clause of place)3.原因状语从句；(adverbial clause of cause)4.条件状语从句；(adverbial clause of condition)5.目的状语从句；(adverbial clause of purpose)6.让步状语从句；(adverbial clause of concession)7.比较状语从句；(adverbial clause of comparison)8.方式状语从句；(adverbial clause of manner)9.结果状语从句。
(adverbial clause of result)[编辑本段]状语从句的时态特点一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。
例如：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话。
（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive）As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. 我一完成此工作，就回家。
（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished）If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。
考研英语长难句总结
考研英语长难句总结一、定语从句1.The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.2.I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sittingCEOs first.3.In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patentedand not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.4.But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives ofthe founding generation.5.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domesticsituations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.二、名词性从句1.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappychildless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.2.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and morediverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.3.What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast thingsare changing.4.But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warmingseriously.三、状语从句1.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Seniorwrites that ―the ve ry things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight.‖2.But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – forinstance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.3.We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizationsplace their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.四、后置定语1.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.2.Consumers passionate about a product may create ―earned‖ media by willingly promoting itto friends, and a company may leverage ―owned‖ media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.3.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.4.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in theinstitution of the traditional classical concert.5.Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lumptogether information from different research projects.6.It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suitsone to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.7.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed inschool and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg.五、伴随状语1.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.2.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider theoriginal Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.3.Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor U.S.economic performance.4.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate,non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.5.But particularl y when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardlysuggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.六、形式主语1.But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience.2.To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is notnecessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.3.It is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments thatscience can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.4.It’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until w e know for sure.5.Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable ofeconomic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.七、形式宾语1.The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.2.At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front,to make it easier to remember their names.八、长主语1.The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director hasbeen the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.2.The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministersand political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.3.The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widelymisunderstood by economists and politicians alike.4.The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the onlyMadonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.九、同位语1.Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a jobdatabase on the Internet.2.But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased inheight by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height.3.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court ineffect supported the medical principle of ―double effect‖, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.4.Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measurecreativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.十、并列结构1.Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective,gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies con cerned.2.Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning thePhilharmonic into ―a markedly different, more vibrant organization.‖3.For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists mustcompete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.4.Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectualdevelopment of these and all other societies.5.This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient,condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.十一、插入语1.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert iscomparatively little known.2.The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to theproper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.3.Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing thebravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.4.The Internet –and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercialpublishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.5.I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life theactivity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.十二、比较1.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like anopportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.2.Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating asmuch on technique as on outcome.3.In fact, the more new things we try — the more we step outside our comfort zone — the moreinherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.4.So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.5.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct ourown change by consciously developing new habits.6.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,‖ these were stores ―anyone couldenter, regardless of class or background.十三、倒装1.According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial Americawas ―s o much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.‖2.Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for otherthings.3.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased ―opportunities‖ forstress.4.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a privateintelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.十四、强调句1.It was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision.2.It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because theyspend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.十五、That1.As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led bymusicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.2.When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they couldin turn afford more education.。
中考英语：状语从句专题详解
中考英语：状语从句专题详解1.时间状语从句1)时间状语从句常用when as while before after since till until as soon as等连词来引导。
例如：It was raining hard（ rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework the telephone rang.As he walked along（沿着走）the lake he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school he went to work in a factory.2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he s back.He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”“在……以前不……”谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如：The young man read till the light went out（熄灭）.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until BobDon’t get off（从下来）until the bus stops.【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。
考研英语VIP班讲义状语从句
考研语法精讲第三讲状语从句请找出句子中的状语部分He will arrive here next week.In order to succeed, he insists reading the lecture notes once a day. Terry was late this morning because of the traffic congestion.He will not pay back your money if you do not cooperate. Johnson went to the theatre by foot.一、状语从句的分类1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 目的状语从句6. 结果状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 比较状语从句9. 方式状语从句二．时间状语从句1.时间状语从句☆连接词例句As As the time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to becorrect.When Can you spare me 5 minutes when it’s convenien t? While While I stayed in France, I made many friends. After He changed his address after he left Beijing.before It may be many years before the situations improve.2. 时间状语从句☆ ☆3.时间状语从句☆ ☆ ☆连接词 例句No sooner than 一 …就…We hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. (倒装)(时态——hardly 后跟过去完成时， when 后跟一般过去时)the time we graduate from the university, She no sooner has said it than she burst into tears.No sooner has she said it than she burst into tears. (倒装)她一说起这件事，眼泪就哗哗的留下来。
考研英语语法总结经典版
考研英语语法总结经典版一、句子成分1.主语：句子中起名词或代词作用，通常位于句子的开头。
例：Tom likes to play basketball.（主语是Tom）2.谓语：句子中表示动作、状态或存在的部分，通常位于主语之后。
例：She is reading a book.（谓语是is reading）3.宾语：句子中接在动词后面的成分，回答“谁”或“什么”。
例：He bought a new car.（宾语是a new car）4.表语：句子中用来描述主语的成分，通常是形容词、名词或介词短语。
例：The weather is sunny.（表语是sunny）5.定语：句子中用来修饰名词或代词的成分，通常是形容词、数字、名词短语等。
例：The old man lives in the small house.（定语是the small house）6.状语：句子中用来修饰动词、形容词或副词的成分，通常是副词或介词短语。
例：She works hard.（状语是hard）7.同位语：句子中用来解释、说明或补充前面名词或代词的成分。
例：My best friend, Alice, is a doctor.（同位语是Alice）二、时态和语态1.时态：表示动作发生的时间或状态的时间。
-现在时：表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
例：I am reading a book.-过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例：He bought a new car.-将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或状态。
例：I will go to the beach tomorrow.-过去完成时：表示过去一些时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例：She had finished her homework before dinner.2.语态：表示动作的主体和受体。
-主动语态：表示主语执行动作或状态。
例：He cleans the room every day.-被动语态：表示主语承受动作或状态。
考研英语常见知识点精析—状语从句
考研英语常见知识点精析—状语从句在考研语法体系当中，三大从句的重要性不言而喻，而其中的副词性从句也就是状语从句更是不容忽视，状语从句体现了从句和主句之间的逻辑关系，它具体可以分为9种：时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、结果、目的、比较和方式状语。
在这里我们不具体讲解各个状语从句，而是通过几个例子分析一下状语从句在考试中出现的形式。
1. While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role, informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development。
该句可拆分为两部分，(While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role,) (informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development. )，第一部分是While引导的让步状语从句，第二部分是主句;从句中，formal learning是主语，谓语是is transmitted，过去分词selected作teachers的后置定语，是不定式to perform this role作selected的目的状语;主句中，informal learning是主语，谓语是is acquired，介词短语as a natural part of a child's development作acquired的结果状语。
参考译文：尽管正式的学习过程是由挑选出来担当此角色的教师来进行的，非正式的学习过程却是作为孩子成长的自然一部分而完成的。
2. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable, although competition is。
状语（英语状语）—搜狗百科
状语（英语状语）—搜狗百科要点:时间状语从句，由以下连词引导：when ，while， as， after ，before， as soon as， since ，till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。
一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。
1、when当……的时候Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.当莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。
2、while当……时He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。
3、as在……的同时；一边……一边……He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。
4、after在……之后He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.前几天做完作业之后回的家。
5、before 在……之前Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。
6、as soon as 一……就……We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那就开始工作。
I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信。
7、since 自……以来到现在表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。
主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.自格林先生3年前来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书了。
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状语和状语从句
一、什么是状语从句？
She smiles sweetly.
She looks extremely sweet.
She smiles sweetly like a red rose.
As a matter of fact,she smiles.
状语就是一句话中修饰实意动词、形容词、副词和整个句子，状语除了名词不可以修饰其他都可以。
二、状语的成分
①副词
②介词短语
I run away as quickly as a dog.
③非谓语动词
I run away，swaying my ponytail.
④从句
三、位置
随便放，但是放在句子主谓之间作为插入语使用（作为满分句型），如果放在句首通常用逗号隔开
四、九大状语从句
状语从句的引导词是按照引导词本身意分类
①时间状语
when、while、before、since
②条件状语
if，as long as,only if，provided that(只要、假如) ③地点状语
where
④原因状语
because、since
⑤让步状语
although
⑥结果状语
so…that
⑦目的状语
to，in order to
⑧方式状语
by，by mean of，in…way/manner（以…的方式）⑨比较状语
as…as,than
例句：
时间状语
1.When the teacher came in,we stop talking. 当老师进来时，我们停止说话
地点状语
2.I find my phone where I had lost it.
我在我丢掉手机的地方找到了我的手机
原因状语
3.Because he was careless,he had a car accident yesterday.
因为他的粗心，昨天他发生了车祸
结果状语
4.The movie was so boring that I gave up watching it halfway through. 这个电影很无聊，以至于我看到一半就不想看了
条件状语
5.I will never give up as long as there is a ghost of hope.
只要有一丝丝的希望我就不会放弃.
方式状语
6.The password was decoded by him in a dispassionate and objective manner.
通过他冷静和客观的方式密码被破解了
比较状语
7.She is not so energetic as she used to be.
他不像以前一样充满活力了
让步状语
8.Although he failed again and agin,he still adheres to pursuing his dream.
尽管他一次次的失败，他任然坚持追求他的梦想.
目的状语
9.I am determined to take part in the examination of postgraduates so that I could have a brighter future.
为了能有一个好的未来我决定考研
五、分词作状语
1.如何将状语从句转化为分词作状语呢？
两个状语从句例句：
①If winter comes，spring will be around the corner.
②When I was a little girl，I was especially eager to grow up.
第一句改写
1.把状语从句最明显的标志去掉——引导词If去掉，此时，句子
winter comes，spring will be around the corner.
2.把前面的句子变成非句子结构——把动词（词组）变成不是动词（词组）（非谓语动词），则句子：
Winter coming，spring will be around the corner.
3.看非谓语部分的主语和后面的句子的主语是否一致。
如果一致分词的主语省略，如果不一致分词保留。
本句子，明显不一致，所以保留。
最后改写结果：
Winter coming，spring will be around the corner.
第二局改写同理
改写结果：
Being a little girl,I was especially eager to grow up.
2、是不是非得出现状语从句才能使用分词作状语？
当然不是，只要是能够用逗号来连接两个句子的情况下，都可以把那个次要的句子变成分词作状语。
例句
①The old lady sits in the corner ,her eyes are filled with tears.
这句话是错的，因为逗号不能连接两个句子。
所以要把第一个句子的谓语动词改成非谓语动词，于是写成：
The old lady sitting in the corner , her eyes are filled with tears.
②
Self-confidence is an active mentally，it enables many miracles to happen.
同理逗号不能连接两个句子，应该为：
Being an active mentally,Self-confidence enables many miracles to happen.
六、考点分析
1.写作
作文中任何一句话的旁边都可以有意识地给他加一个状语地成分拉长句子
2.分析
能找到一句话中的状语成分并且翻译出来
如何识别状语？
只要在句子中见到以下一坨东西一定是状语
副词、原因、条件、方式、让步、结果、比较、目的、伴随
如果在句子中见到时间或地点
当一个名词后面出现时间或地点，如果无法确定定语优先原则，只要翻译成定语很恶心无比的时候才是状语
3.真题例句分析
真题例句1：
Social science is（that branch （of intellectual enquiry）/
（which seeks to study humans and their endeavors）（in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassionate manner）/（that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena））.
1.找主句的谓语动词：is 主系表结构
2.is后面是that引导的定语从句
3.先理清楚定语从句的结构，主语是which，谓语动词是seeks to study，宾语是humans and their endeavors
4.找大定语从句里的状语和定语，翻译是调换调换位置
intellectual enquiry 知识研究
seek to 试图
endeavor 行为
dispassionate 客观的
翻译：
社会科学是知识探索的分支，它用同样的合理的，有序的，系统的和客观的方法来试图研究人类和他们的行为，自然科学家也是使用这种方法来研究自然现象的。
真题例句2：
I shall define him as an individual （who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure （in life）（the activity of thinking （in a Socratic way）（about moral problems）））.
1.找主句的谓语动词：shall define 这是一句主谓宾结构
2.individual后面是who引导的定语从句
3.先理清楚从句的结构，从句的主语是who 谓语动词是elected as 宾语是his primary duty and pleasure （in life）
4.拆分定语从句，找出里面的状语和小定语，翻译时调换位置
define 定义
翻译：
我将他定义成一个人，他是以Socatic思考道德问题的方式来作为自己生活主要责任和乐趣。