职称英语考试常用语法详解(共六讲48页)
职称英语考试语法知识点

(五)第五句型:主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语1) 要不要"to"的问题:Shall I have him come here?(要我叫他来吗?)I won't have him cheat me. (否定式,表示"容许":我决不容许他欺骗我)上述句型变为被动语态时,一般要加"to",如:The nurse made the patient eat something. (护士让病人吃了点东西。
)→The patient was made to eat something.有时,宾语补足语也可用-ing形式,如:His joke made us laughing for a couple of minutes. (他的笑话使我们笑了几分钟。
- 注意后面的时间状语for a couple of minutes)记住下面重要表达方式:to have / get (something) done,如:I am going to have (get) my watch repaired.(我去修一下表。
)n see, hear, notice, observe, watch, look at, listen to 等感觉动词:使用原则与上述大致相同。
2) 要不要"it"的问题:先看两个句子:We sometimes find it difficult to get rid of a bad habit. (有时我们发现要改掉一个坏习惯很难。
)该句的原始结构可理解为:We sometimes find (to get rid of a bad habit) difficult. 括号部分(动词不定式)为宾语,difficult为宾语补足语The doctor has made it clear to you that there is nothing wrong with your stomach.(医生已经跟你说得很清楚了,你的胃没有什么问题。
职称英语复习 句型讲解

职称英语复习句型讲解I am + V-ing ... 构造︰主词+am(are,is)+现在分词…说明︰此句型意为“(人,物)正在…”。
用于表示现在“正在进展”的动作或“暂时性”的动作,常和 now,still,at this time 等()连用。
而用于表示现在的“事实,习惯或状态”,常和every day,usually,always 等()连用。
Bill is singing. 比尔正在唱歌。
Linda is cooking. 琳达在烹饪。
My father is sleeping. 我父亲在睡觉。
Mother cooks dinner every evening. 妈妈每天晚上做晚饭。
She is cooking in the kitchen now. 她现在正在厨房里做饭。
Father walks to his office every morning. 爸爸每天早上走路去上班。
He is walking to his office now. 他现在正在走路去上班。
Mary sings in her room every afternoon. 玛丽每天下午在她房间里唱歌。
She is singing in her room now. 她现在正在她房间里唱歌。
an interesting movie构造︰主词+动词+a/an+(very)+现在分词+名词(物)…。
说明︰“情绪”如 interest,excite,satisfy,bore,confuse,trouble 等,要修饰事物,常用现在;现在含有“主动”或动作“正在进展”的意味。
That is an interesting movie. 那是一部令人有趣的电影。
That is an exciting game. 那是一场令人兴奋的比赛。
That is a satisfying book. 那是一本令人满意的书。
Have you + V-ed ...?构造︰Have/Has+主词+过去分词+…?说明︰将 have(has)提到句首,即构成的疑问式。
2021年职称英语等级考试各重点语法考点解析

职称英语等级考试各重点语法考点解析1、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象连接词 + 过去分词Dont speak until spoken to.Pressure can be incrased when needed.Unless repaired, the washing ___chine is no use.连词 + 现在分词Look out while crossing the street.连词 + 形容词/其他常见的`有it ne ___ssary、if possible、when ne ___ssary、if any等2、让步状语从句although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用.Although they are poor,they are warm-hearted.even if或even though引导让步状语从句,表示即使,纵然,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质.Ill get there even ifI have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.no ___tter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词,也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等.Dont trust him, no ___tter what / whatever he says.Whoever breaks the law will be published.No ___tter how hard the work is, youd better try to do it well.模板,内容仅供参考。
职称英语考试基础语法教程及练习

职称英语考试基础语法教程及练习职称英语基础语法目录一、语法知识点介绍 ........................ 错误!未定义书签。
(一)语法知识点介绍 ............ 错误!未定义书签。
二、谓语动词 .................................... 错误!未定义书签。
(一)谓语动词的时态(一)错误!未定义书签。
(二)谓语动词时态(二) .... 错误!未定义书签。
(三)谓语动词的时态(三)错误!未定义书签。
(四)谓语动词的语态 ............ 错误!未定义书签。
(五)谓语动词的主谓一致 .... 错误!未定义书签。
三、非谓语动词 ................................ 错误!未定义书签。
(一)非谓语动词的有关知识错误!未定义书签。
(二)非谓语动词的练习题(一)错误!未定义书签。
(三)非谓语动词的练习题(二)错误!未定义书签。
四、代词 ............................................ 错误!未定义书签。
(一)代词的知识讲解 ............ 错误!未定义书签。
(二)代词有关的练习题 ........ 错误!未定义书签。
五、形容词、副词 ............................ 错误!未定义书签。
(一)形容词、副词知识点 .... 错误!未定义书签。
(二)形容词副词练习题(一)错误!未定义书签。
(三)形容词、副词练习题(二)错误!未定义书签。
六、从句 ............................................ 错误!未定义书签。
(一)状语从句 ........................ 错误!未定义书签。
(二)定语从句 ........................ 错误!未定义书签。
(三)宾语从句 ........................ 错误!未定义书签。
职称英语基础语法知识

职称英语基础语法知识一、英语句子的结构句子是由词按语法规律构成的,表示一个独立完整的意思。
句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
简单句:只有一个主谓结构,其中可以有并列的两个或两个以上的主语或并列的两个或两个以上的谓语。
例如,Both the teachers and the students will attend the party.Snow and ice covered the ground and made our progress difficult.并列句:含有两个或更多互不依从的独立分句。
并列句可用以下连接词连接:1.用并列连词and, or, but, for, nor, whereas, while, either…or…, not only…but also…等,如:The job may sound dull to you, but I love it.Do you like to go alone or would you like to have me for company?2.用连接副词however,otherwise,therefore, still, yet, then, nevertheless, (or) else, hence, moreover等,如:You must work hard at English, otherwise you can’t pass the exam.You must study harder (or) else you'll fail in the English examination.复合句:含一个主句和一个或更多从句的句子,在复合句中,从句作为一个成分从属于主句。
从句按其在句中的功能分为状语从句、定语从句、名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)等。
二、各种时态的变化动词时态的基本形式1.一般现在时:It is cloudy today.The moon moves around the earth.2.现在进行时:I am working.How are you feeling today?3.一般过去时:When did she leave?I wasn't in last night.4.现在完成时:How many pages have you covered today?I've never heard of anything like that.5.一般将来时:I'll come unless it rains.Who is going to speak first?6.过去进行时:What were you doing at nine last night?We were picking cotton when they arrived.7.将来进行时:I'll be seeing you tomorrow.8.过去将来进行时:He asked me what I would be doing at eight the next evening.9.过去将来时:He promised he would come on time.They were sure they would win final victory.10.过去完成时:The play had already started when we got to the theatre.They fulfilled the plan earlier than they had expected.11.将来完成时:How many words shall we have learned by the end of the term?12.过去将来完成时:He said he would have finished reading the book by next week.13.现在完成进行时:How long has it been raining?I've been sitting here all afternoon.14.过去完成进行时:At last they got the telegram they had been expecting.15.将来完成进行时:By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.16.过去将来完成进行时:He said that the students would have been studying here for threeyears by next month.三、各种从句的构成(1) 名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
职称英语考试基础语法全解析

职称英语考试根底语法全解析
在职称英语考试中,应试者必须掌握的根本的语法知识点主要包括以下几点:
复习中需要了解英语陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感慨句中句子的根本语序及其意义,同时还需要了解英语强调句、倒装句、虚拟条件中的根本语序及其意义。
复习中需要了解英语5种根本句子构造,了解英语句子构造的四种类型:简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句的构成及其常见的表现形式。
复习中主要了解和熟悉职称英语中五个最常用的时态(一般现在时、现在进展时、一般过去时、一般将来时和现在完成时)的构成形式及其所具有的构造意义。
掌握英语动词进展体和完成体的构成形式及其分别具有的构造意义。
掌握英语主被动语态的构成形式及其所具有的构造意义。
复习中主要了解和掌握名词性从句(尤其是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句),状语从句(尤其是时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句)和定语从句(尤其是由that、which、 when、who等连接词引导的定语从句)的构成形式,在英语语句中的位置特点及从句所具有的语法意义。
了解和掌握英语中代词、定冠词构造的指代特点;了解英语常见省略构造的构成特点及其与上下文之间的关系。
希望通过对职称英语考试中涉及到的语法考点的分析,能够帮助大家有针对性地复习语法知识,具备应用根底语法知识的能力,为进展阅读打下良好的语法根底。
职称英语考试综合类语法

职称英语考试综合类语法职称英语考试综合类语法名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题:1.谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如:The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)2.集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)3.Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。
如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)4.maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)5.glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
如:The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)6.a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)7.and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。
职称英语考试语法知识解读

职称英语考试语法知识解读
职称英语考试语法知识解读:
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+InO+DO]
解读:在该句型中,间接宾语有时也能够改成一个由to或for
引起的短语,放在直接宾语之后,即构成“主语+谓语+直宾+介词+间宾”的句型。
这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语
和指物的直接宾语。
也能够把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介
词for或to.如:
Could you pass me the salt?(= Could you pass the salt to me?)请你把盐给我好吗?
Uncle Wang made the farmers many machines.(=Uncle Wang made many machines for the farmers. )王叔叔给农民们制造了很多
机器。
My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a
computer for me. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑。
I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him. 我把
盐递给他。
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC]
解读:宾补的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。
它能够由名词、形
容词、副词、动词不定式和介词短语等充当。
I ask her to tell the truth.
使役动词make,let,have等后接不带to的不定式作宾补。
如:
He made me work twelve hours a day. 他让我一天工作十二小时。
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职称英语常用语法详解第一讲词类、名词的数与格一、词类:英语中主要有:名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、冠词等。
对于初学者,必须搞清。
1、名词(包括代词和数词):在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和另一名词的形容词。
2、动词:见第二讲3、形容词:可在句子中作表语、名词的定语注意:以下-ly结尾的词不是副词,是形容词: friendly (友好的) lovely(可爱的) deadly(致命的) costly(昂贵的) likely(可能的) lonely(孤独的) alone (单独的) lively(活泼的) ugly (丑陋的) kindly(和蔼的) manly(男子气的)等4、副词:主要用来说明动词、形容词和副词本身。
注意:除了in, up, down, on, inside, outside. 等只有一些表示方向和位置的副词外,副词不能作表语。
例如:Please help me water these flowers when I am out. (我不在时请帮我浇浇花。
)5、介词:又称前置词,即放在名词前面的"小词".注意:1)介词后面一定是个名词(除习惯外),例如不能说:because of ill,而应该为:because of illness;2)介词后面不能跟that从句,即只能跟名词或带-wh开头的从句,这是英语语法的一条重要规则,如不能说:He did not come to the party because of he was ill. 但可以是:She got angry because of what he said. (她因他的话而生气了。
)6、连接词:用来连接两个或两个以上词或句子的词。
注意:英语中一般不能同时使用两个连接词,如不能说:Although he is very rich, but he is not happy. (只要将although 或but去掉一个即可)关于连接词的使用,详见"第三讲:句子的连接"一节。
7、冠词:用来限定名词的词,分不定冠词a (an)和定冠词 the, 英语中的冠词使用十分复杂,简单地说:1)不可数名词前不能用a (an)2)第一次提到的单数可数名词用a (n)3)能用what, who, which回答的名词用the,即3W原则the teacher and the student / the patient and the doctor结构中的the可以表示泛指词性不是一成不变的,是由其在句子中的位子和功能决定的。
如:She has gone home. (home为副词)Is she at home? (home 为名词)She looked at me patiently. (look为行为动词) She looked pale. (look为连系动词)二、名词的数:重点应了解和掌握以下内容:1、名词的可数和不可数:与汉语不同,英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。
笼统地讲,物质名词,如:water(水), iron(铁), wood(木头)等, 和抽象名词,如:democracy (民主), freedom(自由), happiness(幸福)等为不可数。
不可数名词前不能加a (an),后面不能加s (es),这是考试中对此类题目判断的重要依据。
2、以下名词为不可数名词:news(消息) information(信息)furniture (家具) equipment(设备)advice (劝告) weather(天气)work*(工作) clothing(衣服)baggage(行李)work作 "工作" 解释时为不可数名词,"找工作"不能说to find a work, 应为to find a job; work 作"著作"、"作品"解时是可数名词,如:Deng Xiaopin's works (邓小平著作)/ a work about Deng Xiaopin (一件关于邓小平的作品);作 "工厂" 解释时,单复数同形:a steel works (一个钢铁厂) / two chemical works(两家化工厂)实例:We have a large staff but there ______ in the office.A. haven't many furnituresB. aren't many furnituresC. hasn't much furnitureD. isn't enough furniture解题思路:根据名词数的概念A、B肯定错,不必考虑;C、D的主要差异是"hasn't"与 "isn't", 句子中有there,说明该句是there be句型,故正确答案为D.题中staff, office 等词与解题无关。
注意辨别句子中斜体词的数及其意义:There is still much room for improvement. (仍有许多改进的余地)He has published two important papers on this subject. (他在这个课题上已发表了两篇重要论文。
)3、以下名词单复数同形:means(手段) headquarters(司令部)works(工厂) species(物种)aircraft(飞机) Chinese(中国人)sheep(羊) fish(鱼)中国的计量单位:li(里), yuan(元), mu(亩)等实例:Every means has been tried out, but without satisfactory results. (每个方法都试过了,但结果不令人满意。
)4、形式上是复数的学科名称,如physics , statistics, dynamics 作单数看待;时间、距离、钞票、重量等复数,可以看作一个整体作单数处理,如:Two days is not enough for me to finish the task. (要我完成此项任务两天是不够的。
)5、名词做另一名词的修饰语:一般用单数形式,如:a college student中的college 为单数形式。
注意:(1)以下名词做另一名词修饰语时要用复数形式:sport → a sportsman (运动员)/ sale → a sales department(销售部) / savings → a savings account (储蓄存款)/ communication → a communications satellite (通讯卫星) / greeting → a greetings cable(慰问电)(2)不规则名词修饰另一名词时数的变化:a woman doctor (一个女医生)→ two women doctors (两个女医生) / the Chinese women's volleyball team (中国女排) / a children hospital (儿童医院)6、family(家庭), group(小组), police(警察),committee(委员会), team(组), box(盒), audience(观众)等词,可以是单数,也可以是复数,关键要看题目所给的提示,例如:The whole box of matches _____ wet; I couldn't light a simple oneA. wasB. isC. wereD. are解题思路:这道题如果没有后半句I couldn't light a simple one,是没办法解答的。
这句话提示了两点:(1)时态为"过去时",故B、D已不可能了;(2)"a simple one"说明是指盒子内的一根根火柴,故答案为C.试想,如果我们把后半句改为 "I had to throw it away", 那么正确答案应是A.所以,看清题目的提示对于解题是非常重要的。
7、注意以下表达方式中名词的复数形式to be / make friends with(友好 / 交朋友)to change places with (交换位置)to make preparations for(为…作准备)to give regards to(向…问好)to make matters worse(把事情弄糟)to hurt feelings(伤害感情)to be all smiles(满脸堆笑)to take sides (偏袒某方)to have words with(吵架)to burst into tears (突然哭了)8、量词的使用:由于英语中名词分可数与不可数,量词的使用也有区别:修饰可数名词(a) few / fewer / fewestmany / more / mosta great (good) manymany aa number ofthe number of既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词a lot of / lots ofplenty of (time, money, people)修饰不可数名词(a) little / less / leastmuch / more / mosta great (good) deal ofan amount of / amounts ofthe amount of量词使用中应注意的几个问题:1)分清可数名词和不可数名词是前提;2)不要把量词的形式搞混淆了:下面哪个表达形式是对的?A. A lot students have come back from the summer holiday.B. A few of the students have come back from the summer holiday.C. A great many of students have come back from the summer holiday.D. Many a student has have come back from the summer holiday.E. The number of students have come back from the summer holiday.F. A number of students have come back from the summer holiday.以上六个表达方式中只有F 是对的。