施心远主编听力教程答案Unit
施心远主编《听力教程》1_(第2版)unit_12听力原文和答案
Unit 12Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms,link-ups and contractions.[Sound of busy street]Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up?Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us?Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny.Carl: Yeah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go.Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study.Carl: Well, maybe n ext time. You're (7)missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you.Carl: Bye.Part 2 Listening and Note-TakingTAPESCRIPTExercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it.The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all theboss’s letters, I (3) answer the easy ones and I (4) leave the difficult ones on the (5) boss’s desk.At about (6) 10 o’clockI make (7) a cup of coffee for the boss and for myself. Thenthe boss (8) dictates letters for about (9) an hour. Of course,I answer the phone (10)all day. Sometimes it doesn’t (11) stop.I have about (120 half an hour for lunch at about (13) one o’clock. Then I do jobs in the (140 office till about (15) five o’ clock.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Job InterviewTAPESCRIPTMs Brown: What was your previous job?Mr Wigmore: I worked for the National Bus Company.Ms Brown: And how long have you worked for them?Mr Wigmore: I’ve worked for them for f ive years.Ms Brown: How long have you been an area sales manager?Mr Wigmore: Eighteen months.Ms Brown: And what did you do before joining the Bus Company? Mr Wigmore: I worked for a chain of hotels as junior manager.Ms Brown: The post you’ve applied for involves a lot oftraveling. Have you been abroad much?Mr Wigmore: I’ve b een to most of Western Europe, and I’ve been to eastern Europe once, to Hungary.Ms Brown: Why did you go there?Mr Wigmore: The hotel sent me to attend a conference.Ms Brown: I see. Have you ever organized a conference yourself?Mr Wigmore: Yes. I have actually. Why?Ms Brown: Well, this job would require rather a lot oforganizing meetings and conferences.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and answer the questions.1. How many jobs has the interviewee had before he appliesfor this job? What are they?(He has had two jobs. He worked for the National Bus Company as an area sales manager. Before that, he worked for a chain of hotels as junior manager.)2. What are the requirements for this job?(This job involves a lot of traveling and requires rather a lot of organization meetings and conferences.)3. Do you think the interviewee is qualified for this job?Give your reasons.(Probably he is qualified for the job. Because he has beena manager for many years and he has been abroad much. Hehas been to most of Western Europe. He actually has theexperience of organization a conference.)Dialogue 2 Job RedundancyDavid: Cheer up, George. What’s happened to that happy smile we all know and love?George: Oh, hello, David .I was miles away, I’m afraid. David: What’s the problem? You look as if you’ve lost a pound and found 10 pence.George: Decisions, decisions. I’ve lost my job.David: You haven’t.George: I have.David: I thought you were doing so well.George: So did I. Then yesterday they gave us all the official letter. Apparently the business has been losing money, sothey’ve decided to close it down.David: Gracious, when?George: End of the week.David: You’ve worked there for quite a long time, haven’t you? George: Nearly six years.David: So you’re entitled to some redundancy* money?George: Not a lot. Not if they’ve been losing money.David: What are you going to do? Are you going to try and get another job in the music business?George: Well, I thought I might start a little business of myown.David: That’s a good idea. What sort of business? A music shop? George: No. A recording studio. Recording studios charge the earth these days and there are lots of youngsters who c an’t afford those prices. I thought …if I find suitablepremises*…I could offer a cut-price* recording service. David: That sounds a marvelous idea. Then, as you get more famous, you could increase your charges.George: No, I’d rather encourage young mus icians to come and make t heir first recording with me a nd then I thought maybeI could branch out and become an agent.David: Ah, I see. Then you could sell the recording made b y your protégés* to the big record companies.George: That’s the general idea.David: Great. Well, if you decide you need someone t o look after the accounts and make the coffee, let me know. I might beinterested.George: OK. I may take you up on* that offer. Bye.David: Bye.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T1. George is usually happy and gay. ( David: …What’s happened to that happy smile we all know and love?)F2. George works miles away. ( When George says “ Oh, hello, David. I was miles aways, I’m afraid,” he means h e is not paying any attention.)F 3. George has just been to an interview. ( Probably Georgehas just been back from his work.)T4. George look s depressed. ( David: … You look as if you ‘ve lost a pound and 10 pence.)F 5. Since the business is not doing well, the company decidesto reduce the number of its workers. ( Since the businessis not doing well, the company decides to close it down.)T 6. The company just gave George a week notice. ( the company will be closed down by the end of next week.)T 7. Since George has been working for the company for nearly six year, he should be given a sort of compensation. (Since George has been working for the company f or nearly six year,he should be given a sort of compensation, which is called redundancy money.)F 8. George is going to look for a new job. ( George is goingto start his own business.)F 9. George thinks his recording studio can attract youngstersby offering a high-quality recording service. ( Georgethinks his recording studio can attract youngsters byoffering a cut-price recording service.)F10. George would start a recording studio rather a music shop because he thinks he can make much more money. ( Thoughrecording studios charge the earth these days, George would just offer an opportunity for the young musicians to comeand make their first recording with him.)F11. George’s ambition is to establish a big record company.( George’s ambition is to branch out and become an agentand sell the recordings made by his protégés to the big record companies.)F 12. George has accepted David’s offer to be his accountant.( George may consider David’s offer later on.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 Burglary (1)The old lady was glad to be back at the block of flats whereshe lived. Her shopping had tired her. In the lift her thoughts were on lunch and a good rest; but when she got out at her own floor, both were forgotten in her sudden discovery that herfront door was open. She was thinking that she must reprimand* her daily maid the next morning for such a monstrous negligence, when she remembered that she had gone shopping after the maidhad left and she knew that she had turned both keys in theirlocks. She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open, yet following her regular practice she had shut them before going out. Looking into the drawingroom, she saw a scene of confusion over by her writing desk.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1 .D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.A 8.CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1TAPESCRIPTWater has long been considered important to the development of life. That is why scientists are so interested in findingwater in our solar system. Now, the American space agency has confirmed that there is water ice on the planet Mars.The discovery is a major step in the search for the conditions for life on the red planet. The discovery was madewith the help of an American spacecraft, the Phoenix Mars Lander. The spacecraft landed on the extreme north of Mars on May 25.On June 15, it dug a hole about seven centimeters deep in theMartian soil. The hole contained small particles of a light-colored substance. Scientists wondered whether the substance was frozen carbon dioxide, salt or water ice.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.The news item is about the experiment carried out on Mars bya spacecraft.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer thefollowing questions.1.The American space agency has confirmed that there is waterice on the planet Mars.2.The discovery was made with the help of an Americanspacecraft.3.The Phoenix Mars Lander.4.It is a major step in the search for the conditions for lifeon Mars.5.The spacecraft landed on the extreme north of Mars on May25.6.It dug a hole about seven centimeters deep in the Martiansoil.7.The hole contained small particles of a light-coloredsubstance.8.Scientists wondered whether the substance was frozen carbondioxide, salt or water ice.News Item 2An American study has suggested that melting ice in theArctic Sea is threatening permanently frozen soil. The studyfound that rates of warming in northern Alaska, Canada andRussia could increase when the sea ice melts quickly. Duringsuch periods, the increase could be more than three times greater than the average twenty-first century warming ratespredicted in earlier studies.The new study is the work of scientists from the NationalCenter for Atmospheric Research and the National Snow and IceData Center. The findings were reported last month in Geophysical Research Letters, a publication of the American Geophysical Union.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the followingsummary.The news item is about melting ice in the Arctic Sea that is threatening permanently frozen soil.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and answer the following questions.1.It has suggested that melting ice in the Arctic Sea isthreatening permanently frozen soil.2.In northern Alaska, Canada and Russia.3.The increase could be more than three times greater than theaverage twenty-first century.st month.5.In Geophysical Research Letters.6.The American Geophysical Union.News Item 3TAPESCRIPTSpace scientists have been searching nearby stars for planets with great success. The United States space agencysays that 264 exoplanets have been discovered so far. But,until now, few of the planetary systems found orbiting otherstars have been like our own s olar system. That has all changed with the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting a star calledFifty-Five Cancri in the constellation Cancer.The star is forty-one light years away from Earth. It isalso very similar to our own sun.Last month, astronomers announced the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting Fifty-Five Cancri. What makes the discovery extraordinary is that the new exoplanet orbits in what astronomers call a "habitable zone." This means t emperatures on the planet may b e warm e nough for liquid water to exist either on its surface or on one of its moons.Exercise A: Listen to the news i tem and complete the following summary.The news item is about the discovery of a fifth planet orbitinga star called Fifty-Five Cancri.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete thefollowing passage.Last month, astronomers announced the discovery of a fifth planet orbiting Fifty-Five Cancri. The star is 41 light years away from Earth and it is very similar to our own sun.According to the United States space agency, 264exoplanets have been discovered so far and few of the planetary systemsfound orbiting other stars are like our own s olar system. Thathas all changed with the discovery.What makes the discovery extraordinary is that the new exoplanet orbits is in a habitable zone, which means liquid water may on its surface or on one of its moons.Section There Oral WorkPart 1 Questions and AnswersTAPESCRIPTJenny: Would you like a game of tennis next Thursday?Chris: I can't, I'm afraid, I'm going to Bristol.Jenny: What for?Chris: I have an interview for a job as manager of a record shop.Jenny: I didn't know you wanted to move.Chris: Well, my p arents are going to retire to Bath next year, and I want to be near them.Jenny: How are you getting to Bristol?Chris: I have a bit of a problem, actually. My car isn'tworking at the moment. I'm thinking ofgetting a taxi to the station, and then getting a train.Jenny: I'll give you a lift to the station. Don't worryabout a taxi.Chris: Really?Jenny: Mmm.Chris: OK. Then I’ll get a taxi home.Jenny: Well, what time is your train back?Chris: It gets in at 21.15 ----- what's that? ----- quarterpast nine in the evening.Jenny: It's all right. I'll pick you up as well. It's notrouble.Chris: That's great! Thanks a lot. Jenny.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some q uestions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence afteryou have heard it.Questions:1. What does Jenny want to know?(She wants to know whether Chris would like a game o f tennis next Thursday.)2. Can Chris play tennis with her next Thursday?(No, he is unable to.)3. Why isn't he able to de that?(He will go to Bristol to have an interview for a job.)4. What kind of job does au-is apply for?(He applies for a job as manager of a record shop.)5. Why does Chris want to move?(His parents are going to retire next year and he wants to be near them.)6. How is Chris getting to Bristol?(He's thinking of getting a taxi to the station and thengetting a train.)7. Why needn't Chris worry about a taxi?(Jenny will give him a lift.)8. What time is his train back?(It is a quarter past nine in the evening.)Part 2 RetellingRuth Lawrence, a 13-year-old English girl, was awarded adegree at the University of Oxford. When speaking to the reporters from television, radio and the press Ruth said thatshe was not a genius, and her success was the result of a lotof hard work.Ruth is very special girl. At Oxford University Ruth completed her degree in two years instead of the usual three.Her teacher says that Ruth has the quickest mind than anystudent she has ever known.Ruth has never attended school. Ruth's father has been her teacher for the most of her life and he stopped working for his computer company to go to Oxford with her. Mrs. Lawrence hasbeen managing the computer company since Ruth and her fatherwent to Oxford.Ruth's father said that he was very happy with his daughter's success. And he hoped that Ruth was going to stayin Oxford and do researchExercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Listening ComprehensionPassage 1 Burglary (2)TAPESCRIPTIt was as clear as daylight then that burglars had forced an entry during her absence. Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the thieves, but then she decided that at her age t might be more prudent to have someone with her,so she went to (etch the porter from his basement. By this timeher legs were beginning to tremble, so she sat down a nd accepted a cup of very strong tea, while he telephoned the police.They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder* the police in their search for fingerprints. It seemed a s though everything she possessed had been tossed out and turned over and over. At least sorting out the things she should have discarded* years ago was being made easier lot her. Then a police inspector arrived with a constable and she told them of her discovery of the ransacked flat. Theinspector began to look for fingerprints, while the constablechecked that the front door locks had not been forced, thereby proving that the burglars had either used skeleton keys orentered over the balcony. There was no trace of fingerprints,but the inspector found a dirty red bundle that contained jewellery which the old lady said was not hers. So their entry into this flat was apparently not tile burglars first job that day.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8.BPassage 2 Nursing CrisisThe World Health Organization says the number of flumes andmidwives around the world is decreasing. Nurses are health care workers who are trained to care the sick people. Midwives arehealth care workers who are trained m assist women during childbirth. The World Health Organization says this decreasein skilled health cam providers will hurt health care services in many countriesMost nurses and midwives are said to be leaving the health care profession because of several reasons. They include lowpay and poor working conditions Health care experts discussedthese problems daring a meeting in December. They met al theWorld Health Organization headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland Experts said the problems explain why it is becoming more difficult to bring new people into die nursing and midwifeprofessions.Naeema Al-- Gasseer is in expert in nursing and midwifery the World Health Organization. She says health services indeveloping countries may suffer most from the shortage. Shesays More people may get sick and die number of women who die while giving birth may i ncrease Mizz—Al Gasseer also says the number of babies and children in developing countries may increase because the services of nurses and midwives will nolonger be provided.AI-Gasseer also says them is a so--called "skills drain"around the world. This means that nurses and midwives in developing countries are being offered belier jobs in industrial countries. As a result, she says an already badsituation is worsening.For example, the World Health Organization reports about one hospital in Zambia. The Hospital has only five-hundrednurses However, the hospital needs three limes as many nursesto operate effectively. This same situation is happening allover the world. For example, the WorldHeath Organization reports there has been a decrease in thenumber of nurses in Poland, Chile and Egypt.Because of this problem, the World Health Organization says governments around the World need to take immediate action. It says countries need to solve the problem of the shortage of nurse and midwives to protect the health of their people.Exercise A: Listen to the report and give the definition of the following words.A nurse is a health care worker who is trained to care for sick people.A midwife is a health care worker who is trained to assist women during childbirth.“Skills drain”means t hat nurses, and midwives in developing countries are being offered better job industrial countries.Exercise B: Listen to the report again and complete the following sentences.1. This report is mainly about nursing crisis.2. The World Health Organization headquarters are in Geneva. Switzerland.3 Most nurses and midwives are leaving the health care profession because of low pay and poor working conditions.4 Governments around the world need to take immediate action solve this problem.Part 2 Oral WorkTAPESCRIPTIt is a strange experience coming back to the place where you were born and brought up after being away for many years. This happened to Bob a few months ago when he decided to return to Brighton to take up the post of reporter on a newspaper there. Bob get this job through an old friend of his. Though Bob didn't need to worry about his job any longer, he had otherproblems. He quickly discovered that his hometown l ooked quite unfamiliar to him when he went to look for somewhere to live..word格式,Many parts el it had completely changed. Having to look for aflat helped him to rediscover it, lot he had to search hardbefore he could find what he wanted.Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion onthe following topics,1. Great changes have taken place in our country, even in your hometown .And it is still changing. Do you Bliss any of thethings that no longer exist in your hometown?2 How c an you be prepared to adapt yourself to the old unfamiliar hometown?, 专业.专注.。
施心远主编听力教程1第2版-Unit-1-原文及答案
UNIT 1 Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions.Woman 2: Oh, yes?Woman 1: I'm getting married.Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news!Woman 2: Are we invited?Part 2 Listening and Note-takingTelephone rings for a long time.Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you?Voice: At last! Why don't you answer the phone?Operator: I'm sorry. I was downstairs.Voice: Well, can I speak to Mr. Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France.Voice: What about Mr. Gray — extension 322.Operator: Mr. Gray's at home.Voice: Well, may I speak to Mr. Redman's secretary?Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's.Voice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr. Gray's secretary.Operator: Miss Jones?Voice: That's right.Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's.Voice: Who is in today?Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please?Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes.Exercise B: Complete the following sentences.Where are they?Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr. Baxter.Woman 2: How do you do?Man: How do you do?Man l: Hello, Al. How are you?Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again.Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve?Woman 2: No, how do you do?Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you.Man l: Tony, I'd like to introduce ny friend Mary Parker.Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you.Woman: Hello.Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper.Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name.Exercise: Listen to some people talking at a party. Who is talking to whom? Who has known whom before? Complete the following sentences. Names in the box are for your reference.1.Professor Andrews is talking to Dr. Baxter.2.A1 is talking to Eric.（个人认为答案不对，应该是Eric先向Al打招呼）3.Sally is talking to Steve.4.Tony is talking to Maw Parker.5.Susan Roper is talking to John Lee.6.Al and Eric have known each other before.7.Tony has known Mary Parker before.Dialogue 2 Welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England,Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker.Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel.Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks?Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded Mr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs.Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. it's heavy.Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well. There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well •••Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.)T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says"Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.")T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says "How was your trip? No hijacks?" and Etienne answers "No, it was all fight, thank you." We may infer there were hijacks recently. )个人认为这题是错的，因为听到他们的笑声，应该是在开玩笑。
听力教程第二册第二版听力原文与答案(施心远)Unit
Done To be done Relevant information
The place The hall has been hired.
The disco To find someone to do it.
The equipment The sound system and records will be delivered by a local company next week.
Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under fifteen or over sixty. The young and elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not expect them. Give them, and the infirm, orblind, or disabled people, plenty of time to cross the road.
B: Er, well Monday to Friday when I’m working er, yeah every day, um but not…not usually at the weekends.
. Coming to a zebra crossing
A.Slow down or stopto let people cross.
B.Signal toother drivers that you mean to slow down or stop.
C.Neverovertakejust before a zebra crossing.
施心远主编听力教程4 第2版Unit2答案
A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 2Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translation1. Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.一些人担心他们并未从所吃的食物中获取足够的维生素。
2. So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.因此他们服用大量的维生素制剂。
3. They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protect against disease.他们认为这些维生素制剂能够增进健康、预防疾病.4. Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything to protect or improve health.医学专家没有发现多少能证明这些制剂中的绝大多数能保障获增进健康的证明。
5. But they noted that some do help to prevent disease.但是他们注意到期中一些确实有助于预防疾病。
Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue Psychology and Psychiatry1.Psychology and psychiatry2. Classification and mental illness3. Schizophrenia4.Mental illnessPart 2 Passage I Couldn't Stop DietingEx. B: Sentence Dictation1. After five years of marriage, Stan would leave me. I’d be alone with my scale, my exercise, and my calorie-counting.2. Several months after our wedding, as I was striving to be the “perfect” wife, the anorexia reemerged.3. As much as I wanted to please my husband by maintaining a healthy weight, exercise and food restriction had become my sole means of coping with stress.4. Slowly, I became convinced that only I myself had the power to transform my heart and life.5. Transparent honesty was the first step, and I’ve learned that I’ll beaccepted for who I am by my husband.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. T. I’m solely resoponsible for the destruction of my marriage.2. T. Stan and I had met 10 years earlier while teaching at the same Christian high school.3. F. I’d been frighteningly thin, but Stan had ignored my emaciated appearance.4. F. My counselor assured me th at I’d progressed to the point of no longer needing therapy.5. T. Though I’d prepared hearty meals for Stan, I carefully restricted what I ate, panicking any time I hadn’t exercised “enough”. Stan’s career change only added to the stress.6. T. The anorexia gave me a twisted sense of control over my life.7. T. Whenever Stan and I would have a conflict, I’d add minutes onto my daily workout, or skip a meal.8. T. We continued counseling sessions, and I learned gradually to see my anorexia in a new light—as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear I’d never be loved for who I was.Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What experiences had led her to be so uncertain about marriage?She used to have an unpleasant childhood. Verbal, sexual abuses she suffered in her childhood led not only to anorexia, but rebellion and promiscuity. Though she knew Stan cared for her, a little voice in her head insisted she wasn’t good enough for him, and that she’d eventually lose him.2. What was the result after a year’s counseling?After a year’s counseling, the narrator gradually learned to see her anorexia in a new light—as the scar from a painful childhood that led to the fear she’d never be loved for who she was. Slowly, she became convinced that only she herself had the power to transform her heart and life. She was no longer deceptive about anorexia, and stopped hiding her past.3. If you got anorexia, what would you do? (Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about a meeting in Hong Kong trying to reach a new agreement on global trade.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1. What are the representatives of nearly 150 countries meeting in Hong Kong still trying to do?To reach a new agreement on global trade.2. What is the biggest prize many countries realistically hoped for?A date for ending the EU subsidies to help farmers sell their produce on world markets.3. According to an EU senior official, what will EU do during the meeting? They are prepared to name the date as part of a wider deal.4. When will be the earliest possible date? If an agreement is not reached on this meeting, when will be the latest date?The earliest date will be 2010, and 2013 will be the latest date.5. What will the United States do if the date is not what it expects?The U.S trade representative Rob Portman says he is trying to be accommodating, which means the United States will possibly accept the new date.News Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about a package of plans to tackle the recession reached by the G20 or a new consensus reached by the G20 on tackling global problems.Ex. B: Listen again and complete the outline.News ScriptThe G20 have come up with a package of plans that add up to well over a trillion dollars to tackle the recession.One key component is an agreement to treble to seven hundred and fifty billion dollars the resources available to the International Monetary Fund for lending to countries in trouble.They also want a tenfold increase in what are called special drawing rights which is rather like an IMF currency and which strengthen the foreign exchange reserves of its member countries.The G20 also plans closer regulation of financial firms with curbs on executive pay and new oversight of large hedge funds.The British Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, described the summit as marking a new consensus on tackling global problems.News Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about the opening of Copenhagen climate summit.Ex. B: Listen again and decide T or F.1.F2. F3. T4. T5. FNews ScriptThe conference opened to applause forty minutes late. It began with an environmental film from Danish children, a message from the next generation for those delegates whose decisions here over the next fortnight may help shape the lives they lead.34,000 people have tried to get accredited for this extraordinary meeting – an unprecedented demand.Hopes are high here that a deal can be done to lower emissions and raise cash to help poor countries adapt to climate change and obtain clean energy. The question is whether that agreement will be strong enough to meet the expectations of those children of the future.Section FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the pediatric telemedicine program, which offers an efficient way for children to see a doctor.Exercise B:1.have a visit with a doctor2.save them four and a half hours of missed work; health-relatedabsences3.insurance companies a great deal of money; using hospital emergencyrooms for treatment4.the high-tech medical visits; hands-on care5.remote visits; face to face visitsScript：Pediatric Telemedicine ProgramFor this little boy, Jonathan, a runny nose would normally mean a phone call from his day care center asking his mother to take him home. But, now, the center can make a different call and get him medical attention right there.The Day Care Provider contacts the Doctor at University of Rochester Medical Center to see if he can do a live visit via the Internet.Jonathan is one of nearly a thousand pre-school children in upstateRochester, New York who can have a live visit with a doctor without ever leaving their day care center. The Provider inserts the ear thermometer to take his temperature. Audio, video and medical images are sent over the Internet to a physician at the University of Rochester Medical Center.The Doctor inquires about the child's previous medical condition, "Has he had problems with ear infections in the past?" The Provider responds "Yes, he has had one in the past."Fayla Bermudez with her sick childThe child's mother, Fayla Bermudez, thinks the new service is great. In the past she says she would have had to go to the emergency room.A new study shows that each telemedicine visit saved parents four and a half hours of missed work. And for the children, health related absences were down 63-percent.One mother, Erika Haines, says, "They {the children} get seen, they get their medicine. They feel better and everybody is happy."Dr. Neil Herendeen, University of Rochester Medical CenterRochester doctor Neil Herendeen says telemedicine keeps people fromusing hospital emergency rooms for treatment, which saves insurance companies a great deal of money. "You can do a lot of telemedicine for the cost of one E.R. visit. And that's what got our local insurers on board."Dr. Charles ShubinBut pediatricians like Charles Shubin says the high-tech medical visits are no substitute for hands on care. "Ill children, I think, deserve better than a mechanical, electronic process of health care."The University of Rochester Medical Center doctors disagree, saying most of the time; remote visits are just as effective as face-to-face visits.The programs cost a lot to start up; the U.S. federal government has funded Rochester’s. It is about expand beyond the city's limits and perhaps will become a model for similar programs across the U.S.Part 2 PassageExercise B1. Cooking should be a labor of love and feeding others brings you joy and satisfaction.2. Although hamburgers and hot dogs on the grill may be standardsummer fares for many, for New Yorkers it is a genuine delicacy and our gracious host knew it.3. Elaborate and somewhat formal for a university setting, these dinners cultivated Sarah's love of entertaining for her friends and family.4. For years my dear friend Carol has been preparing her spectacular knockwurst for me and my family.5. The killer accent to her knockwurst is celery salt, an influence from her Midwestern upbringing and Chicago family.Exercise C1.B;2. D;3. D;4. B;5. D;6. C;7. A;8. BExercise D1.The franks are double cooked, first in boiling water, then on the grill.This may seem gratuitous, but it is the secret to a masterpiece. Carol runs a knife around each knockwurst, making a spiral cut top to bottom around the body, before bringing them to a boil. When they cook in the water, the spirals open up, releasing some of the fat and rendering the meat more tender. Then the knockwursts are grilled to perfection, charred and crisp, yet tender as can be.2.Open.。
施心远主编听力教程3-(第二版)unit-3答案
Unit 3Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Spot DictationWildlifeEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become (2) extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being filled with (3)poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4) pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the seas.The tropical rain (6) forests which are the home of half the earth's living things are (7)being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the world's (9) climate- and on our agriculture and food (10) supplies - will be disastrous.(11) Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 1961, the (12) World Wildlife Fund was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14)from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) internationa l organization. It has raised over (16) £35 million for(17) conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in(18) five continents. It has helped 30 (19) mammals and birds - including the tiger -to (20) survive.Part 2 Listening for GistMrs. Bates: Hullo. Is that Reception? .Reception: Yes, madamMrs. Bates: This is Mrs. Bates. Room 504. I sent some clothes to the laundry this morning, two of my husband's shirts and three of my blouses. But they'renot back yet. You see, we're leaving early tomorrow morning. Reception: Just a moment, madam. I'll put you through to the housekeeper. Housekeeper: Hullo. Housekeeper.Mrs. Bates: Oh, hullo. This is ... I'm phoning from Room 504. It's about some clothesI sent to the laundry this morning. They're not back yet and you see ... Housekeeper: They are, madam. You'll find them in your wardrobe. They're in the top drawer on the left.Mrs. Bates: Oh, I didn't look in the wardrobe. Thank you very much. Sorry to trouble you.Housekeeper: That's quite all right. Goodbye.Mrs. Bates: Goodbye.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1)This dialogue is about making an inquiry about the laundry.2)The key words are reception. laundry. shirts. blouses. wardrobe.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueA UN InterpreterInterviewer: ... so perhaps you could tell us how exactly you became so proficient at language learning, Suzanne.Suzanne: Well, I think it all started with a really fortunate accident of birth. You know I was born in Lausanne*, Switzerland; my father was Swiss-FrenchSwiss and my mother was American, so, of course, we spoke bothlanguages at home and I grew up bilingual. Then, of course, I learntGerman at school - in Switzerland that's normal. And because I was alreadyfluent in English, my second language at school was Italian. So I had a realhead start (有利的开端)!Interviewer: So that's ... one, two, three, four - you had learnt four languages by the time you left school? How fluent were you?Suzanne: Urn, I was native speaker standard in French and English, but I'd become a bit rusty* in German and my Italian was only school standard. I decided thebest option was to study in the UK, and I did Hispanic Studies at university,studying Spanish and Portuguese, with some Italian, and living inManchester. Then I went to live in Brazil for two years, teaching English. Interviewer: So by this time you must have been fluent in six languages? Suzanne: Nearly. My Italian wasn't perfect, but I had a boyfriend from Uruguay* while I was there, so my Spanish also became pretty good!Interviewer: And then what did you do?Suzanne: When I was 25 I came back to Switzerland, went to an interpreters' school and then got a job in the United Nations when I was 28.Interviewer: And you've been there ever since?Suzanne: Not quite. In the first few months I met Jan, a Czech interpreter, who became my husband. We went to live in Prague in 1987 and that was whereI learnt Czech.Interviewer: And the eighth language?Suzanne: Well, unfortunately the marriage didn't last; I was very upset and I decided to take a long break. I went to Japan on holiday, got a job and stayed fortwo years, which was when I learnt Japanese.Interviewer: That's amazing! And now you're back at the United Nations? Suzanne: Yes. Well, I never really left. I carried on doing work for them when I was in Prague - some in Prague, some in Austria and Switzerland, and I took a"sabbatical*" to work in Japan. They need people who can understandJapanese. But, yes, I've been back with them full-time for two years now. Interviewer: And your plans for the future?Suzanne: I'm going to learn more Oriental languages. It was such a challenge learning Japanese - it's so different from all the others. So I'll spend another two orthree years here with the UN full-time, during which time I hope to get asubstantial promotion, then I think I'll go back and learn Korean, or perhapsChinese, and Thai - I'd love to learn Thai. And then, perhaps an Indianlanguage. Whatever, I want to be fluent in another three or four languagesbefore 45.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9. T 10. FPart 2 PassageThe Clyde RiverRunning through one of Britain's biggest manufacturing centers, Glasgow, the Clyde River* was poisoned for more than a century by the fetid* byproducts of industry.The waterway bore the brunt of(首当其冲)Glasgow's economic success during the Industrial Revolution and beyond, as pollution and chemicals destroyed its fish and wildlife populations and brewed smells whose memory still makes residents wince*. Now, with heavy industry gone and Glasgow reconceived as a center for culture and tourism, the Clyde is coming back to life.For the first time since the late 1800s, its native salmon have returned in sizable numbers, reflecting the new cleanliness of a river that was once one of Britain's filthiest.The Clyde River Foundation surveyed fish populations last autumn at 69 sitesin the Clyde and its tributaries, and found salmon in seven of the nine major tributaries.The migratory fish, which vanished from the Clyde around 1880 after a long decline, first reappeared in the 1980s, but last year's survey was the first to showthey've come back in healthy numbers.Although commercial salmon fishing was never widespread on the Clyde, the fish's return is symbolically important for Glasgow, where salmon were once so important to the city's identity that two are pictured on its official coat of arms.The salmon's comeback is also a sign of big improvements to water quality. Like sea trout, which have also reappeared in the Clyde system in recent years, salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated* water to thrive.The decline of Glasgow's main industries helped boost the fortunes of a river that was essentially fishless for decades during the worst periods of pollution.The closure of factories that had poured toxins* and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly. Environmental regulators also lightened dumping rules, and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul* smells that once tainted* the air.With worries rising about the environmental impact of enormous fish farms elsewhere in Scotland and severely depleted fish stocks in the North Sea and North Atlantic, the Clyde comeback is a rare bit of good news for Scotland's fish lovers.Since the area that is now Glasgow was first settled around the year 550, theClyde has been central to its history.The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. Later, during the Industrial Revolution that began in the late 1700s, Glasgow became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers.The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionRivers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1)Salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool,well-oxygenated water to thrive.2)The closure of factories that had poured toxins and other pollutants into theriver boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plant s （污水处理厂）helped eliminate some of the foul smells.3)The river's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center forimporting tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s.4)The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals,tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.5)When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century,working-class Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, gained a reputation for socialdeprivation（社会剥夺）and rough streets.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. AExercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)The Clyde's depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center forimporting tobacco, sugar and cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the country's great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its artmuseums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popular tourist destination.2)(Open)Section Three :NewsNews Item 1Governments Ban Nine Of The World's Most Hazardous ChemicalsUN Environment Program Executive Director Achim Steiner calls the agreement historic. He says the nine chemicals that have joined the list of Persistent Organic Pollutants, or POPS, are extremely harmful to the environment and to health.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.These nine toxic chemicals will join the Stockholm Convention's original list of 12 Persistent Organic Pollutants, referred to as the "dirty dozen."The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about a ban of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.UN environment Program Executive welcomed the agreement to ban the production of nine of the world’s most hazardous chemicals that are extremely harmful to the environment and to health. These substances will join a list of 12 other so-called persistent organic pollutants, or POPS, that are prohibited under an international treaty known as the Stockholm Convention.The newly targeted chemicals include products that are widely used in pesticides and flame-retardants, and in a number of other commercial uses, such as a treatment for head lice.The pollutants are especially dangerous because they cross boundaries and travel long distances, from the Equator to the Arctic. They persist in the atmosphere and take many years, often decades, to degrade into less dangerous forms.They pose great risks to the environment and human health, especially to young people, farmers, pregnant women and the unborn.News Item2World Climate Conference to Focus on Adaptation to Climate ChangeScientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming.WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud (世界气象组织秘书长贾侯)says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes.Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to a dryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions on climate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened.The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an appeal for global cooperation to deal with climate change. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1)Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades.2)A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways tomitigate the worst affects of global warming.3)Countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate.4)Jarraud notes farmers in certain parts of the world will have to adapt to adryer climate. He says they might have to modify irrigation systems or consider growing crops that do not require much rain.5)Global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extremeweather events.6)Weather observation networks must be strengthened.7)Even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developedworld needs reliable weather information from developing countries andvice-versa.News Item3Scientists have warned that the Great Barrier Reef - which stretches for more than 2,500 kilometers down Australia's northeast coast - is likely to bear the brunt of warmer ocean temperatures.A major concern has been the bleaching of coral, where the sensitive marineorganisms wither under environmental stress caused by increased water temperature, pollution or sedimentation. An unexpected discovery at the southern end of the reef has provided some rare good news for researchers.Researchers found that coral in the Keppel Islands off Queensland, which was damaged by bleaching in 2006 and then smothered by seaweed that overgrew the reef, has managed to repair itself.Experts say to see reefs bounce back from mass coral bleaching in less than a decade is highly unusual.Like other coral systems, the Great Barrier Reef is facing a range of environmental threats. Scientists say their capacity to recovery from damage inflicted by warmer waters, for example, will be critical to its future health.The Great Barrier Reef is one of Australia's premier tourist attractions. It covers an area bigger than Britain and is the largest living structure on earth and the only one visible from space.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Great Barrier Reef.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).l. T 2. F 3. T 4.F 5. T 6. TSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1Feature ReportSydney Ready for Big Switch Off as Earth Hour Goes Global Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in dimming their lights as part of Earth Hour.The global event has been endorsed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted. Mr. Ban urged people everywhere to pressure their governments to take decisive action to cut carbon pollution.Organizers are hoping that up to a billion people from small villages in Namibia to sprawling cities in Asia will participate in an international effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.One of the architects of Earth Hour, Andy Ridley from the conservation group World Wildlife Fund (WWF), says the current financial meltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms."The global economic crisis has proved that we are a global community, so when America goes bad, we all go bad and climate change is going to be on a scale that is way, way beyond our global economic crisis at the moment and we need to put in place the measures to a) slow that down and ideally halt it, b) be ready for economiesthat will have to change. So, the longer we procrastinate the more we pay the penalty so we need to move quickly," he said.Earth Hour was started by environmentalists in Sydney in 2007. It encourages households, businesses and governments to switch off all non-essential lights for 60 minutes in a show of unified concern for the health and future of the planet.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year, which hopes to establish a new U.N. climate treaty.However, critics of Earth Hour have insisted it is simply a symbolic gesture that will not affect significant environmental change.The event will officially begin on the international dateline in the remote Chatham Islands southeast of New Zealand and will conclude in Hawaii.Exercise A: Directions: Listen to the news report and complete the summary. This news report is about a global event known as Earth Hour.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Scotland's Edinburgh Castle, the Bird's Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramidsin Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in d imming their lights as part of Earth Hour.2.Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration everattempted.anizers are hoping that up to a billion people will participate in aninternational effort to cut greenhouse gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate.4.Andy Ridley, One of the architects of Earth Hour, says the current financialmeltdown should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms.5.In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is tocreate an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year.Part 2 PassageLab produces shape-shifting fruits and vegetables Many fruits and vegetables we know almost as much by their shape as by their color or taste. Bananas are long and curved. Onions are round. But what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato still be a tomato?Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits and vegetables so they can be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen. It can be done to some extent with traditional hybrid techniques. And as we hear from reporter Julie Grant, it can also be done by flipping a genetic switch.Ester van der Knaap steps gingerly around the greenhouse. We're at the Ohio State Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster. Van Der Knaap points out short, round tomatoes - and some odd-looking long, thin ones.V AN DER KNAAP: "That's one gene. One gene can make that difference."Van der Knaap's team discovered that gene and isolated it. They call it the SUNgene. And they've been able to clone it in tomatoes.Van der Knaap's research could lead to square-shapes - something she thinks the tomato industry might like. Square tomatoes fit into packages better. And, overall, square tomatoes might be easier to work with than the common round tomatoes.So far money for her research has come from the National Science Foundation - not big ag.Designer fruit shapes are gaining popularity.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes they want for a long time. But this is not the same thing.Dick Alford is a chef and professor of hospitality management at the University of Akron [Ohio].The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks have been doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.Chef Alford watches students as they cut yellow crookneck squash and carrots.They're trying to make uniform, symmetrical shapes out of curvy and pointed vegetables. There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.ALFORD: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great."In a country that loves hamburgers, Van der Knaap has heard that request before.But the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. She says there's more genetics to be studied.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes”, Van der Knaap says, “ we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those square carrots.”Exercise A Pre-listening Question(open)Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.what if you could alter the familiar shape? Would a square tomato still be atomato?2.Scientists are learning how to change the shape of fruits and vegetables so theycan be harvested or processed more efficiently, or maybe just to reduce waste in the kitchen.3.People have been cross-breeding tomatoes to make the shapes they want for along time. But this is not the same thing.4.If you could get a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30slices out of it, it would be great.5.Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes,we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such as peppers, cucumbers and gourds.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Bananas and Onions are the examples known as much by their shape as by their color or taste.2. The hybrid or cross-breeding technique is regarded as the traditional way of changing the shape of fruits.3.The genetic technique which can also change the shape of fruits.4.They discovered the SUN gene and managed to clone it in tomatoes.pared with round tomatoes, square tomatoes might be easier to work with than the common round tomatoes.6.The difference between what his brother and lots of other folks have been doing and what van der Knaap is doing is the difference between cross-breeding and locating a specific gene that affects the shape of tomatoes.7.There's a lot of waste. Chef Alford hates to see so much get thrown away. So he's got a request of Dr. van der Knaap.8.“Once we know all the genes responsible for making different shapes in tomatoes, Van der Knaap says we'll have a better idea of what controls the shape of other crops, such peppers, cucumbers and gourds. And maybe then we'll get those square c arrots.”Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 1. Chef Alford’s request: "If we could get square carrots, it would be great. If you could get a nice long, a tomato as long as a cucumber, where you could get 20 or 30 slices out of them, it would be great." Van der Knaap’s opinion is that the long, thin tomato hasn't worked out just yet. and there's more genetics to be studied.2)(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)Unit_13答案
Unit 13Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot dictationSister Rivers Build Cultural Bridge Between U.S. and ChinaThe Mississippi is the major river system in the United States, flows almost 3,800 kilometers from a small lake in Minnesota, gathering the waters of 250 other rivers and streams before reaching the Gulf of Mexico.In mid-May, as spring flowers began to open, about 41 students from a dozen colleges, mostly in the Midwest, explored a section of the river in Wisconsin and Iowa, to learn about the environment, and each other.The students, from the U.S., China and around the world, came to join the River Spirit Exchange program.The cross-cultural educational experience - set up by the University of Wisconsin, Madison-based Environment and Public Health Network for Chinese Students - focuses on the Mississippi and China's longest river, the Yangtze.This three-day get-together featured story-telling, hiking, camping and canoeing, all part of a larger lesson about conservation projects that can be used on both the Yangtze and Mississippi.After the group met at the Crane Foundation preserve, they headed south to canoe a stretch of the Kickapoo River that winds its way through southwestern Wisconsin before joining the Mississippi. They paddled along a stretch of theKickapoo River, where a20-year preservation venture stopped encroachment by developers and protected the natural setting of the waterway.The students on the River Spirit Exchange ended their first night with singing and stories around the campfire. Organizers say the success and spirit of this first gathering of students will lead to other trips, including one down the Yangtze.Part2 Listening for GistFour out of five of all children who got leukemia* in 1960 died. Now four out of every five survive. The secret of this miraculous change is the rosy periwinkle*, a forest flower which tribal doctors had used for centuries. The United States National Cancer Institute has identified more than 2,000 tropical rainforest plants with ability to fight cancer. In fact, about 4,000 of all drugs given out in the United States today owe much of their strength to chemicals from wildlife, largely from the rainforest.Other drugs include quinine, which comes from a South American tree, and sufferers from high blood pressure get relief from the snakeroot* plant from Indian forests. The armadillo*, of South America is helping us find a cure for leprosy*.Directions: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1. This passage is about some wildlife from forests that can be used in the treatment of certain diseases.2. The key words are leukemia, survive, change, forest flower, 2,000 tropical rainforest plants, fight cancer, quinine, a South American tree, high blood pressure,snakeroot, armadillo, leprosy.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart1 dialogueHow to SucceedDario: I think the most important thing you must have to succeed in Italy is er ... of course, you have to be ambitious, because if you are not ambitious you can'treach your aim, your target. And you must have also a natural ability*,because you must adapt yourself and your work and er ... enjoy your work,of course. And Italian people are used to working a lot and to doing hardwork. Of course you must also know the right people because if you want ajob and you don't know anybody you have to work much harder. Interviewer: So if you were going to choose one factor, Dario, which one do you think would be the most important? Could you choose one?Dario: Yes, ambition.interviewer: Thank you.(Dialogue B)Sue: I think that to be successful in Spain you need ambition, because it's what makes you want to work and do something different. And I think natural ability is also important. To be a good musician and to succeed I think that you musthave something special. And I think that knowing the right people is importantbecause it can save you a lot of time. You don't spend so much time trying toget something if you know people that can help you.Interviewer: What would you say is the most important thing?Sue: Ambition I think is the most important.(Dialogue C)Taylor: I think the most important things are hard work, and good education, and natural ability.The Japanese have a traditional culture and we think that workingindustriously is a virtue, so laziness cannot be accepted by society. And agood education - anyone who wants to and who makes the effort canenter the famous universities, so er ... when we estimate someone's abilitywe look at whether he's graduated from university or not. But if someonewants to succeed, of course he needs ambition and natural ability. Interviewer: So for you, which is the most important factor?Taylor: Oh, in Japan, hard work, definitely.ExerciseDirections: You are going to listen to three people talking about how they succeeded in different countries. Take notes and complete the following grid.Part 2 passageGlobal Economy of the 21st Century1. The move toward a global economy has been further strengthened by the widespread adoption of liberal economic policies.2. Current trends suggest that the world is moving rapidly toward an economic system that is more favorable for the practice of international business.3. The world may be moving toward a more global economic system, but globalization is not inevitable.4. It is simply worth noting that even from a purely economic perspective, globalization is not all good.5. The opportunities for doing business in a global economy may be significantlyenhanced, but the risks associated with global financial contagion are greater.The last quarter of the century has seen rapid changes in the global economy. Barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and capital have been coming down. The volume of cross-border trade and investment has been growing more rapidly than global output, indicating that national economies are becoming more closely integrated into a single, interdependent, global economic system. As their economies advance, more nations and areas are joining the ranks of the developed world. A generation ago, South Korea and Singapore were viewed as second-tier developing areas. Now they boast powerful economies, and their firms are major players in many global industries from shipbuilding and steel to electronics and chemicals. The move toward a global economy has been further strengthened by the widespread adoption of liberal economic policies by countries that for two generations or more were firmly opposed to them. Thus, following the normative prescriptions of liberal economic ideology,in country after country we are seeing state-owned businesses privatized, widespread deregulation*, markets being opened to more competition, and increased commitment to removing barriers to cross-border trade and investment. This suggests that over the next few decades, countries such as the Czech Republic, Poland, Brazil, China, and South Africa may build powerful market-oriented economies. In short, current trends suggest that the world is moving rapidly toward an economic system that is more favorable for the practice of international business.On the other hand, it is always hazardous to take established trends and use themto predict the future. The world may be moving toward a more global economic system, but globalization is not inevitable. Countries may pull back from the recent commitment to liberal economic ideology if their experiences do not match their expectations. Clearly, this would be a tougher world for international businesses to compete in.Moreover, greater globalization brings with it risks of its own. This was starkly demonstrated in 1997 and 1998 when a financial crisis in Thailand spread first to other East Asian nations and then in 1998 to Russia and Brazil. Ultimately the crisis threatened to plunge the economies of the developed world, including the United States, into a recession. It is simply worth notingthat even from a purely economic perspective*, globalization is not all good.The opportunities for doing business in a global economy may be significantly enhanced, but as we saw in 1997-1998, the risks associated withglobal financial contagion* are also greater. Still, there are ways for firms to exploit the opportunities associated with globalization, while at the same time reducing the risks through appropriate hedging* strategies.A: Pre-listening QuestionWhat will affect the future of global economic development besides political factors?The following two factors must be taken into consideration althoughthere are many others that will decide the future of the development. One isthat the food and energy situation will become worse and worse with theincreasing world population. The other is that our living environment has now been heavily polluted as a result of the booming of modem industries.B: Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.C: Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences.1. The rapid changes have taken place in the past 25 years in the global economy because barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and capital have been coming down.2. The volume of cross-border trade and investment results in establishing a single, interdependent, and global economic system.3. The examples of economic development in South Korea and Singaporeshow that more nations are joining the ranks of the developed world.4. The move towards a global economy has been further strengthened by the widespread adoption of liberal economic policies.5. The current trends indicate that the world is moving rapidly to an economic system that is more favorable for the practice of international business.6. This world would be a tougher world for international businesses to compete in if some countries pull back from the recent commitment to liberaleconomic ideology because their experiences do not match their expectations.7. What we can learn from the East Asia financial crisis in 1998 is that globalization brings risks of its own.8. The writer still believes that there are ways for companies to exploit the opportunities associated with globalization in the 21st centuryD: After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 1. Greater globalization brings with it risks of its own. This was starkly demonstrated in 1997 and 1998 when a financial crisis in Thailand spread first to other East Asian nations and then in 1998 to Russia and Brazil. Ultimately the crisis threatened to plunge the economies of the developed world, including the United States, into a recession. It is simply worth noting that even from a purely economic perspective, globalization is not all good. The opportunities for doing business in a global economy may be significantly enhanced, but the risks associated with global financial contagion are also greater.2. (Open)Section three NewsNews Item 1Search planes found a 20 kilometer long oil slick, apparently left by the Air France jet.Flight 447 left Rio de Janeiro bound for Paris on Monday. It carried 228 people. Debris found in the ocean could offer clues on why the four year old airplane went down.A meteorologist with AccuWeather tells VOA that Flight 447 may have encountered 160-kilometer-per-hour winds as it flew into strong storms along the equator.The area is called the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone. It's where the trade winds between the Northern and Southern hemisphere meet.U.S. pilots who fly this route say the zone's fierce thunderstorms carry moisture lower and therefore often do not appear on radar.Some experts point to severe turbulence or lightning strikes as to the cause. But planes are built to withstand strikes, so pilots say it's doubtful that lightning would be catastrophic.Shortly before it vanished, Flight 447 transmitted automatic messages reporting failures in its pressurization and electrical systems.The Airbus is a "fly-by-wire" plane, meaning it relies totally on electricity to fly.A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the crash of an Air France jet.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following outline.The Air CrashAirline and flight number: Air France Flight 447Number of passengers on board: 228Tim of the accident: MondayRoute of the flight: from Rio de Janeiro to ParisYears of service of the plane: 4Possible explanation:1. Flight 447 may have encountered 160-kilometer-per-hour winds as it flew into strong storms along the equator.2. The zone's fierce thunderstorms carry moisture lower and therefore often do not appear on radar.3. Severe turbulence or lightning strikes may cause the catastrophe.News Item2It was a nation already vulnerable, the poorest in the Western hemisphere, with a history of lax construction. The International Red Cross says the 7.0 earthquake in Haiti leaves close to a third of the population in need of emergency aid. Thousands are feared dead.Haiti's ambassador to the United States, Raymond Joseph is calling for up to quadruple the amount of U.S. aid to his country, which now stands at about $300 million. He calls on the international community to help as well.The United Nations said Wednesday that more than 100 people are missing from its wrecked headquarters.Meantime, aid from around the world is bound for Haiti on its way from a range of countries including Iceland, China and Israel.People have sent their donations to various relief organizations and their prayers, including the Pope.The United Nations reports that the main airport in Haiti's capital is operational and open to relief flights in the coming days.A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the earthquake in Haiti and the international aid.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1. It is a vulnerable, the poorest in the Western hemisphere.2. A 7.0 earthquake hit the country.3. A third of the population are in need of emergency aid.4. About $300 million.5. More than 100 people are missing.News Item3The hardest hit countries are Angola and Namibia, which are experiencing the worst floods since 1963. The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs reported in Angola, 21 people have been killed and an estimated 200,000 affected.It said the number is likely to increase once UN aid workers are able to reach areas that currently are inaccessible because of the floods.Official figures indicate more than 3200 houses have been destroyed, as well as more than 100 schools. It says schools and other public buildings are being used as shelters. So, classes are interrupted.OCHA Spokeswoman, Elizabeth Byrs, told VOA all provinces are reporting widespread destruction of crops and food reserves. She says malnutrition rates are likely to increase in the coming weeks.UN and private aid agencies on Monday issued a flash appeal for $2.75 million to support the immediate needs of up to 350,000 people affected by floods in Namibia.OCHA reported 92 people have died and 13,000 have been displaced. It said more than 50 percent of roads have been damaged in the affected areas and this is making it extremely difficult for people to get to health facilities, schools and market places.A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the effects of the floods on Angola and Namibia.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and decide the following statements are true or false.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. F6. T7. F8. FSection Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature ReportLethal Snake Bites Kill 200,000 a YearLarry Bulanadi is known in the Philippines as the Cobra King, because of his skill in hunting the feared spitting cobra - a highly venomous snake that spits toxin at its prey.Farmers have asked him to rid their farms of cobras.Today Bulanadi was called by this farmer who found two snakes in his field. If he gets bitten by a cobra, he could die quickly. Hospitals are far away and often they do not even have antivenin.The World Health Organization (WHO) says about five million people around the world are bitten by snakes each year. As many as 200,000 die, and about 400,000 lose limbs. Most victims are in developing countries in Africa and Asia.The WHO says victims in developing countries, many of them children, die because they are far from medical help and because there is a global scarcity of antivenin.Dr. Visith Sitprija runs the WHO Collaborating Center for Venomous Snake Toxicology and Research in Bangkok. He says the high cost of producing antivenin means poorer countries such as Cambodia and Burma cannot get adequate supplies.Unlike other medicines that can be mass-produced, Dr. Visith says antivenin is often tailor-made for snakes from specific locations. "Although they may share the common toxin component, the biological effect varies, you know depending on theenvironment, genetics and the food they eat."That means antivenin for a spitting cobra in the Philippines may not work on someone bitten by a similar snake in West Africa.In this snake farm in Bangkok, children are introduced to a variety of snakes. They learn that most snakes bite people only by accident, and they learn ways to avoid bites - such as wearing rubber boots.For now, experts say the best ways to reduce the death and injury toll from snake bites are prevention and education.A: Directions: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about the number of victims of snake bites each year due to a global scarcity of antivenin.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. T7. T8. TPart2 PassageEcology or Economy?1)For years, people in the region bet on its potential for economic developmentbased on conservation, but the tourists don't come in the needed numbers.2)Signs of economic hard times abound in a city of 90,000 people, and streets arefilled with idle young men claiming to be guides.3)The governor of the state says the solution to the region's economic woes lies inthe 3, 150-kilometer pipeline that runs through the state.4)They fear an expanding industrial economy could not help but harm the145,040-square-kilometer flood plain, which sprawls over parts of two Brazilian states.5)The US based energy company has already backed out of a proposal to build athermoelectric plant, citing the stringent environmental regulations.They come from as far away as Germany and Japan, eager to marvel atthe alligators* and to fish for rainbow trout* in the lea-hued waters, to stand under skies busy with white storks* and red-and-blue macaws*.But the tourists don't come in the needed numbers. If ever a place seemed made for ecotourism, it was Brazil's Pantanal - the world's biggest expanse of wetlands. For years, people in the region bet on its potential for economic development based on conservation.Not anymore. Tourism has failed to bring the hoped-for prosperity, andthe support is growing for old-fashioned industrial development - even if that means perhaps irreversible damage to the ecosystem.Environmentalists say there still is room to develop ecotourism. They argue that businesses in the Pantanal have concentrated too much on simple fishing tours that have depleted the region's once-rich fish stocks.But signs of economic hard times abound in Corumba, a city of 90,000 people 1,600 kilometers northwest of Rio de Janeiro. Streets are filled withidle young men claiming to be Pantanal guides, hustling everything fromtours to cheap Bolivian cocaine to sex with young girls.With ranching and farming limited by the Pantanal's poor soil andseasonal flooding, conservation now seems to many people a luxury theregion can no longer afford.The governor of the state says the solution to the region's economic woes lies in the 3, 150-kilometer pipeline that runs through the state carrying natural gas from Bolivia to Brazil's industrial capital of Sao Paulo.He wants to build a thermoelectric* plant, a steel mill and apetrochemical complex to be fueled by the gas and turn this sleepy colonialcity into a hub of industry.Environmentalists disagree. They fear an expanding industrial economy could not help but harm the 145,040-square-kilometer flood plain, which sprawls over parts of two Brazilian states and into Bolivia.This could be disastrous for the Pantanal, home to some 650 bird species, 230 fish species, 80 mammal species and more than 1,000 kinds of butterflies.The Pantanal is essentially an enormous settling pond with virtually no flushing* mechanism, industrial pollutants could quickly build up, poisoning the more fragile species and provoking a catastrophic domino effect* running up the food chain.Pressure from environmentalists also helped stall a multibillion-dollar plan todeepen and straighten the Paraguay River, which runs through the Pantanal, as part of a project to create a river link from the Atlantic Ocean to the heart of South America.The US-based energy company El Paso Corp has already backed out of a proposal to build a thermoelectric plant in Corumba, citing the stringent* environmental regulations.Still, some environmentalists fear regulations alone won't be enough if the state builds thermoelectric plants and a steel mill.It's not just the pollution. These projects will bring more and more people into a region with a very precarious* infrastructure ..Some people warn that the promise of industrial development could be just as illusory* as ecotourism.A：Pre-listening QuestionWhat is ecology and what is ecotourism?Ecology is the study of the relationships between plants, animals, people, and their environment, and the balances between those relationships. The International Ecotourism Society defines ecotourism as "responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people". This means that those who implement and participate in ecotourism activities should follow the following principles:➢Minimize impact;➢Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect;➢Provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts;➢Provide direct financial benefits for conservation;➢Provide financial benefits and empowerment for local people;➢Raise sensitivity to host countries' political, environmental, and social climate;➢Support international human rights and labor agreements.B：Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.C：Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1. Because Pantanal is the world's biggest expanse of wetlands.2. Because tourism has failed to bring the hoped-for prosperity.3. Because Pantanal has concentrated too much on simple fishing tours.4. Because the soil at Pantanal is very poor and seasonal flooding makes it even harder to ranch or farm.5. Home to some 650 bird species, 230 fish species, 80 mammal species and more than 1,000 kinds of butterflies could be ruined.6. Pressure from environmentalists helped stall the plan.7. Regulations alone won't be enough. A very precarious infrastructure must be taken into consideration.8. The result will be the same as what people believed in the development of ecotourism.D：After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Environmentalists say there still is room to develop ecotourism. They argue that businesses in the Pantanal have concentrated too much on simple fishing tours that have depleted the region's once-rich fish stocks.Environmentalists disagree with the building of a thermoelectric plant, a steel mill and a petrochemical complex in the area. They fear an expanding industrial economy could not help but harm the 145,040-square-kilometer flood plain. Pressure from environmentalists also helped stall a multibillion-dollar plan to deepen and straighten the Paraguay River, which runs through the Pantanal, as part of a project to create a river link from the Atlantic Ocean to the heart of South America. 2. (Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit(00002)
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-2答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7)missions.My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions. That (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being (19)filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20)edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airship s superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero- plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are you thinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. It costs £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-year guarantee.B: And the Fiat next to the Volkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs £13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights ’ StoryOn the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10 a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale （逆风） the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length ，and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second (转瞬间，顷刻) too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight. T £13,040 36m/g80m/hC £12,070 45m/g69m/hF£13,550VW £13,630 34m/g 90m/h M £12,830 38m/g V £15,850As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrights constructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials. Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia Dortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Golf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous,fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball Tournament The widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. While Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visitfriends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicitan avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flewa predetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to(开始考虑做) his maidenflight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times,including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* an avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxi driver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century,the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .1901,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's for dinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends during the day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff. (Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barros says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-5标准答案
UNIT 5Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationWindIn the past we watched the wind closely. (1) Hunters knew that game moved (2) with the winds, that keeping the wind in (3) one's face was essential to a successful (4) stalk. Farmers knew that changing winds brought (5) rain or drought.Polynesian* sailors could find islands beyond the (6) horizon by lying on their backs in their (7) canoes and feeling the swells* caused by winds (8) rushing onto islands many miles away. Eskimos could (9) navigate in Arctic whiteouts*, when fog or snow (10) obscured all landmarks, by following remembered currents of air over the snow and ice.Today few people can tell where the wind comes from. We live inside walls, (11) surrounded by chrome and glass, and the winds outside are often (12) gusts of our own making - the wake of (13) rushing automobiles, the tunneling of air down narrow city streets. We get our weather (14) from the news, not from the wind behind us. We hear the wind as house sounds: the (15) rattle of windows, the scratching of branches at a window (16) screen, the moan of a draft under the (17) hall door. These are pop music, not the (18) classical style of the wind, which is the collision of leaf and blade, the (19) groan of branches under stress, the (20) stirring of ocean waves.Part 2 Listening for GistEleven years ago, a US Congressman from the state of Michigan introduced legislation asking Congress to study slavery reparations(赔偿款). Since then, the cities of Washington, Detroit, Cleveland, Dallas and now Chicago have called on（请求）Congress to consider such payments. Chicago aldermen（市议会长老议员）voted 46-1 in support of the resolution. Alderman Freddrenna Lyle is the descendant of a slave. She says blacks in the United States are still at a disadvantage（处于不利地位）because of slavery."Today, when I am walk across the street and go down the street and go to (the department store) Sak's and people follow me through the store. It is because slavery has taught people to treat us differently based on skin color. So it lives and breathes with us. It is with us every single day."Alderman Ed Smith says there is not enough money in the universe to compensate blacks for what they have suffered because of slavery, but he says it is time for the country to try.Directions: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1. This passage is about slavery reparations.2. The key words are slavery reparation, payments, vote, resolution, descendant, disadvantage, skin color, compensate, blacks, suffer.Section two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueCheapo TicketTerri: Did you see that television series with Michael Palin?Simon: The one where he went around the world(环游世界)in eighty days?Terri: Yeah.Simon: Yeah, it was really good. You know, that's something I've always wanted to do.Terri: Me too. Mind you, you have to put up with a lot of hassles（麻烦事）*. I mean. I went to Hong Kong last year and it was one long disaster! Simon: Really?Terri: Yeah, I was stuck in Moscow for three days!Simon: How on earth did that happen?Terri: Well, it was like one of those bucket shop（低价位的旅行社）* tickets, you know, from the back of a magazine. I went down to this little place incentral London, in Soho and paid cash.Simon:But they're usually OK, aren't they?Terri: That's what I thought at the time. Now I know better! I mean the plane was delayed two hours leaving Heathrow and we were doing a stopover atMoscow. It was Aeroflot*. So we arrived late at Moscow, in themiddle ofthe night, and we all went into the transit lounge（转机候机室）and afterabout two hours this official came in and told us we'd missed the connection（误了联运的车、船、飞机）to Hong Kong。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 3Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translation1.Girls score higher than boys in almost every country.几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。
2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。
3. Cultural and economic influences play an important part..文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。
4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。
5. These include differences in learning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。
Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the missing information.Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singerrealize that British people were desperate for romance. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades.Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men.The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes!The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is £450but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted.Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not.3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.6) Memory is increased when facts to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1.Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be rememberedto a way of remembering it..5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory.T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information.T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we have to remember is almost always presented in different ways.F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way--as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable.T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics.F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination.F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you likeT (The imagery you use in your mnemonics can be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli. T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics? Why can we improve our memory by following the principle?To use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.Evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli. Use these to make sophisticated models of the world.Our memories store all of these effectively.However, information is presented in only one way. Language is only oneof the many skills and resources available to our minds.By coding languages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why is a good memory important to us?Open.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the Somali pirates’ strike.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1.Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge forthe killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear.2.No, the pirates haven’t been deferred.3.Because the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain sogreat and Somalia remains so lawless.4.At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen internationalwarships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres.5.It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and American navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates haven't been deterred.So why does the problem persist? Put simply maritime security analysts say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the international effort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres. Although it has been suggested that raids could be mounted on the pirates' home towns, it seems unlikely there'll be any major increase in the military effort unless there's a spectacular hijacking involving the deaths of many crew members.The reluctance to mount a major international naval operation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the International Maritime Bureau, nearly twenty three thousand ships passed through the Gulf of Aden. Only ninety two were hijacked.Rob Watson, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama’s military plan in Afghanistan.Ex. B: True or false.1.The President is considering leaving Afghanistan.F. (The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not anoption.)2. Obama wouldn’t shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops.T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate".T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard.F. (…some Republicans and members of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel toa conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon.F. (…about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam.T. (The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.) Script of News Item Two:The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meeting that he wouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldn't be drawn on the military request for more troops.There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers.President Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". But it's going on too long for some Republicans and members of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight. The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldn't make everyone in the room, or the country, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about fragile peace that returns to Gaza.Ex. B: Listen again and fill in the blanks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.The destruction we've seen has largely been inflicted on the Hamas infrastructure: police stations, military outposts, government buildings, so far the most extensive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian side; impossible for us to verify independently, but they say they are determined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Christian Fraser, BBC News, GazaSection FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreation of the prehistoric world in Liaoning, China, based on the scientific findings on fossils discovered there.Exercise B:1.35 prehistoric animals were created.2.They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage of science, artand technology.3.The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitorsare eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in this way so that visitors will feel as if they’ve stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.4.He says it’s accurate because every single plant, every insect, everyorganic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China.5.The only thing scientists had to make up is what color some of theanimals were.6.According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7.They study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens andostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs would stand or walk.8.By using high-tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained fromthe biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.Script：Dinosaur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Technology,Modern LivestockThe rolling hills of a province in northeastern China are now terraced for farming, but beneath that farmland are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by human eyes - until this week. Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Liaoning forest, the world has been painstakingly recreated in New York City's American Museum of Natural History.The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few things that has been imagined in this 65 square-meter diorama. The gingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of science, art and technology, as every detail, down to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings.The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as if they've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.Mark Norell is a paleontologist who has worked in Liaoning, searching for clues to recreate this prehistoric world."It's accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China," he explained, "so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bit is what color some the animals were. Even though we know some of theme were patterned, but we know definitely that they were patterned, because we can see that is the soft tissue remains, but we don't know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the feathers you see, all the weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils." Underneath the gingko trees, a feathered bird-like dinosaur chases on two legs after a large winged insect, the dinosaur's beak-like mouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleeping dinosaur tucks its head beneath its arm, much as a modern goose tucks its head beneath its wing.The museum's curator of paleontology, Michael Novacek, explains that it is necessary to understand birds in order to better understand extinct creatures."The reason birds are so important to us is really a fact we weren't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are living dinosaurs. They're not just related to dinosaurs. They are dinosaurs," he stressed. "They're a branch of dinosaurs, so conveniently enough dinosaurs didn't go completely extinct. One group, the birds, survived."Scientists study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly built dinosaurs would stand or walk. Researchers even created a computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movements of the ever popular Tyrannosaurus Rex.By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.These scientific findings are passed along to model designers, such as the creator of a six-foot-long mechanical T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the extinct dinosaur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of thenever-before-seen becoming altogether real when science and technology meet art.Part 2 PassageExercise B1.The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” isrequired to have this effect.2.The Queen’s study showed that the total amount of gaze receivedduring a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.3.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images formactors who conveyed different levels of attention.4.The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speakup more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5.The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout theages.6.Exercise C1. A2. D3. A4. D5. A6. C7. B8. BExercise D1.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images fromactors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at thesubject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down).These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members and the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs. 2.Open.Script:Eye Contact Shown To Affect Conversation Patterns, GroupProblem-Solving AbilityNoting that the eyes have long been described as mirrors of the soul, a Queen's computer scientist is studying the effect of eye gaze on conversation and the implications for new-age technologies, ranging from video conferencing to speech recognition systems.Dr. Roel Vertegaal, who is presenting a paper on eye gaze at an international conference in New Orleans this week, has found evidence to suggest a strong link between the amount of eye contact people receive and their degree of participation in group communications. Eyecontact is known to increase the number of turns a person will take when part of a group conversation. The goal of this study was to determine what type of "gaze" (looking at a person's eyes and face) is required to have this effect.Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The Queen's study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.The findings have important implications for the design of future communication devices, including more user-friendly and sensitive video conferencing systems – a technology increasingly chosen in business for economic and time-saving reasons –and Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) which support communication between people and machines. Dr. Vertegaal's group is also implementing these findings to facilitate user interactions with large groups of computers such as personal digital assistants and cellular phones.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve languagepuzzles. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members. There was no relationship between the impact of the eye contact and when it occurred."The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages," says Dr. Vertegaal, whose paper, Explaining Effects of Eye Gaze on Mediated Group Conversations: Amount or Synchronization? was presented this week at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work."Sumerian clay tablets dating back to 3000 BC already tell the story of Ereshkigal, goddess of the underworld, who had the power to kill Inanna, goddess of love, with a deadly eye," says Dr. Vertegaal. "Now that we are attempting to build more sophisticated conversational interfaces that mirror the communicative capabilities of their users, it has become clear we need to learn more about communicative functions of gaze behaviors."。