2016高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第5课时 锁定上下逻辑-攻克阅读“七选五”练习
高三英语新人教版二轮复习专题1阅读理解1.1解题技法总论课件
一、破解长难句四招——阅读满分的要领 阅读理解得分低, 主要是因为文章看不懂, 句子太
长或者句子结构复杂, 句子除了主干之外还包含了一 些附加部分, 如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从 句或较长的非谓语动词短语等。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
第1招 寻谓语, 找主干 一般情况下, 一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发
出者(主语), 可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。 而且, 如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式 的动词, 则该句可能是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词 的情况除外)。
【句意】在进行了数百次测试之后, 研究人员注意到, 猴子们选择更高值的次数超过一半, 这表明它们正在进 行一次计算。
第2招 提主干, 去枝叶 一般情况下, 一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主
要信息, 从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。 若句子的主干提炼不出来, 就不能完全把握句子的核心 意义, 从而导致思维混乱, 主次不分。
第一篇 阅读技能探究 专题一 阅读理解
第一部分 解题技法总论
【考情透析】 1. 总体稳定, 稳中求变 高考阅读理解一直保持总体的稳定性, 在题材、体裁、 考点、词数和难度等方面均体现了高考试题的稳定性 和发展性。预计2020年高考阅读理解文章的选取仍将 以原版的英文材料为主, 在语言、选材、思想等方面会
【策略点睛】 1. 速读全文寻主题 高考要求的阅读速度大约是每分钟60个词, 考生必须在 有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读, 浏览文章的标题、开头和结尾等部分, 搜寻关键词、主 题句, 捕捉情节、人物、观点, 理清文章脉络, 把握语篇 实质, 掌握文章大意。
2. 细读细节理脉络 各个体裁的文章都有脉络可循, 如记叙文多以人物为中 心, 以时间或空间为线索, 按事件的发生、发展、结局 展开故事; 议论文包含论点、论据、论证三大要素, 通 过解释、举例等阐述观点。考生可根据文章的特点, 详 读细节, 理清文章的脉络结构。
高三英语二轮复习阅读理解技巧课件
久读
4
技巧——首段首句方向
5
技巧——首段首句方向
6
技巧——首段首句方向
Until the twentieth century, women did not often participate in sports. Part of the explanation for this is that women simply did not have time. Many women cooked, cleaned, and took care of children. They were so busy that they did not have time for sports.
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技巧——定位
13
技巧——定位
同义定位（细节题）
He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he’s doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper.
4. 寻找文中重要具体信息（如数字、人名、地名等）（details） 5. 概括短文或段落的中心思想、话题或合适的标题（main idea ） 6. 判断短文作者的态度，观点意图或者写作目的（tone/attitude） 7. 根据短文的内容进行推断（inference）
高考英语大二轮复习课件：专题三第一节围绕文章主题 妙用行文逻辑(共38张PPT)
process what your opponent (对手) is doing and
__59__ the best move from among all your options.”
These words still ring true today in my __60__ .put forward B．jumped at
(3)同根词复现：考生还可借助复现的同根词来确定 答案，如conclude，conclusion，conclusive， conclusively等。
2．高屋建瓴，把握主旨。完形填空主要考查考生 对上下文的理解以及考生的逻辑判断能力，解题时考生 要抓住文章的主旨大意，并进行合乎逻辑的推理判断， 从而准确推断出文章的隐含信息。
He was an international grandmaster，which __45__ I would be learning from one of the game's __46__．I could hardly wait to __47__ him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart，a former graduate returning to teach，and this __48__ was no game for him；he meant business.In his introduction， he made it __49__ that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to __50__ the class，among other criteria，
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley，I'm still putting to use what he __55__ me：“The absolute most important __56__ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good __57__．On every single move you have to __58__ a situation，
高考英语第二轮复习阅读理解ppt课件
这类细节性问题所涉及的面很广，有的需要经过简 单的数学运算确定时间、距离、次数、数量等；有 的涉及正误判断；有的询问事实、原因、结果、目 的等。
在做这类题时要注意太绝对的东西不要去选（如出现al everything,everybody等），但如出现不太绝对或可能 等的大多是对的（如not all,likely,possible,can等） (1)排序题 此类试题的考查形式是在选项中列举一些具体的事实 然后对上面的事实进行排序。要求考生根据动作发 生的先后顺序、时间顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系， 找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。考生可以先找出最 早的和最晚的时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点， 然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出 正确答案。
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解题策略
• 做这类题的一般方法是通过skimming把握文章 中心后，再通过寻读法（scanning）快速确定该 细节在文中的出处（信息源），对照选项进行 “三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是 长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分、分析句子 结构，正确理解信息句的意义。
• 命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴” 的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截 取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的 观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息 句的意义是关键。
2.The text is mainly about ____. (NMET’95)
3.What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(NMET’98)
4.What would be the best title for the text? (2004全国)
高三英语二轮复习阅读理解课件(共13张PPT)
5、利用排除法和内部逻辑（即题目间的关系）。
6、实验文章利用实验目的。
7 、文章主旨和标题要有针对性（反映文章的主要的观点 和情节） 、概括性和全面性，切忌空洞、笼统、片面和断 章取义（如干扰项为一具体事实或细节）。
三）推断题：
推断就是作者没有明确指出，而是要你根据已知事实或已知 情况对未知事实或可能发生的情况或结果进行推理和判断。 形式为：infer/conclude/suggest/imply/see/learn
做法总结:
1) 用题干关键词在原文定位。
2)仔细研读关键词所在句子，在本句或上下文找答案。
3)结合正确项和干扰项特点, 把答案所在句子与选项做 对比，对原句做同义词替换、 正话反说、 语言简化的 选项为正确答案。
4) 题目顺序和文章叙述顺序不一定对应。
2. True or false Questions（细节题）: 命题方式：
（2）变速阅读原文：阅读时有所读有所不读，即 慢读和快读。
慢读：重点句（即主题句、中间段首句、全文末 句）；首末段；
特殊语言现象；有题干关键词的句子。
快读：连续数行并列或同义；作为解释、说明、类 比的例子或细节；所有题目都已定位的剩余部分 （不含考题的句段）；实验文章中的旧观点和实验 过程。
3、带着问题读短文：即先读题，后读短文。
关键词：能够反映题干的中心信息或能体现题干 最大特征的词：如：时间和数字；专有名词 ；实义 名词；抽象名词；典型的形容词和副词；实验文章中 的中心动词（eg, find, discover）.
特殊语言现象：包括因果、比较、数字串、转折和 举例现象, 常常成为固定的考点.
● 因 果 现 象 表 达 方 式 ： since/because/as/for; with/because of/ due to/thanks to / owing to; on the basis of; as a result/consequence (of); lead to/result in/give rise to;when/if 条件句；That’s why…/For this reason(原因 在前面)。
2016届高考英语大二轮复习 第一部分 阅读理解 专题一 阅读理解 第2讲 推理判断类课件
dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel. “There's a strong need in Paris for communication，” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as
49．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author has become a successful writer. B．The author's mother read the same book. C．The author's mother rewarded him with books. D．The author has had happy summers ever since.
技法点拨· 突破高考
推理判断题考查学生根据字面意思，通过全面逻辑关系，研究细 题型概述 节的暗示、推敲作者的态度、理解文章寓义的能力。推理判断题涉及 型在阅读理解中在近几年高考中所占比例有上升的趋势。 TIXINGGAISHU 到的可能是文中一句话或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题。该类题
1．深层理解推理 (1)What can be inferred from the passage? (2)It can be concluded from the passage that... (3)We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that... 其中常包含 infer, indicate, imply, suggest, assume, show, mean 和 conclude 等词。
高考英语二轮专题复习阅读解题策略优秀课件PPT
事实细节题
解题方法 : 原文定位法。
1. 抓住问题中的关键词，迅速回到原文中找到这一细 节
2.查读法：回原文找答案，把注意力集中在与who, what, when, where问题有关的细节上。
注意
干扰项 范围过大、过小 。 干扰项 偷换概念。 干扰项 正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
3. 推断写法目的：是指命题人要求考生推断作 者运用某种写作手法的目的。（9）作者常常会： (1) 为了引出主题，先提到相关事物； (2) 为了让读者关注主题，文章以提问开始； (3) 通过列举具体事例来说明主题； (4) 运用比拟或比喻，让读者更易理解抽象或陌
生的事物； (5) 通过引语来说明或论证某个观点，或使自己
the text? 3）The author ( or the passage) states
that___. 4）According to the passage, when ( where,
why, how, who, what, which, etc.)___? 5）Which of the following is the correct order
解
题 方
略
掌握三种阅读方法
1. 略读(skimming)——了解文章大意
就是以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的 标题、首尾段、每段的首尾句,以及表示句、 段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等) 后的内容等重要部分,以了解文章的主旨大 意或段落大意。
2. 查读(scanning) ——寻找所需信息
5. 综合：考虑各题所选选项,看是否切 合全文主旨。
阅读理解命题特点：
事实细节型 词义猜测 型 推理判 断型 主旨大意型
2016高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第5课时 锁定上下逻辑-攻克阅读“七选五”课件
连接是指用连接词或连接语表明上下文之间的逻辑关系，
如and，however。 指称是指用代词替代前文已出现的人物、事件、物品等， 如he，she，they。 同构是指上下文使用了相同或类似的句式。
⊙怎么解 步骤1 通读整篇文章
对文章进行快速浏览，把握段落语脉，寻找主题句，理
出文章的中心，掌握文章结构及文章的写作内容。 注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章首段及末段的 末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”为常见的写作方式。 首段的末句很可能是全文的主题所在，并简要指出文章的写
(3)转折关系：but，however，nevertheless，nonetheless， still，though，yet，in spite of，on the contrary，by contrast，
conversely，otherwise等；
(4) 层递关系： also ， further ， furthermore ， moreover ， in addition，what's more，not only...but also...等。
1.Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious.__2__ Ask kids， “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes
2016高考英语(浙江专用)二轮专题复习课件第三部分 专题二 阅读理解 第5课时
2.________ Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner，the office hour will go better if it's just you and the professor.You'll get in more questions ， the
3.________ If you can't make the official office hours，most
professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you
out.If you're lucky enough to land such an accommodation ， though，be sure you're 100 percent on time.There's nothing that ticks off a professor more than making him—or herself available for a custom office hour only to find that you don't care enough to
come on time.And besides，the professor might leave after ten
minutes，which would make your trip a total loss.
4.________ If you're meeting with the professor to go over a
高考英语二轮复习一 阅读理解训练5 文章 出处或读者对象高三全册英语试题
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专题一第5课时锁定上下逻辑-攻克阅读“七选五”题组一体验真题Passage 1体裁：议论文话题：信任词数：296 时间：8′根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.__1__ Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.__2__ It's understandable，but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there.●__3__ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well－being.● __4__ If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and liv ing with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated.●You didn't lose “everything”.Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.__5__ Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened. 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。
信任是来源于人们以往经历的一种非天生行为。
但有时它也会带来风险。
当我们失去对别人的信任时，该如何重新获得呢？本文向前读者介绍了几点实用的做法。
1.B [本题考查综合分析能力。
前句讲的是信任是人们从过去的经历中学来的一种行为。
本空在此基础上做进一步的说明，即信任就是依赖某人。
故答案选B。
]2.E [本题考查联系上下文的能力。
本段的主要内容是，人们由于遭受欺骗或受到误导等而倍感受伤，不能忍受此类事情再次发生，从而就不再相信任何人。
E项中的they与前句中的people相对应，且与下句“It's understandable.”衔接自然，文意相通。
故答案为E。
]3.A [本题考查联系上下文的能力。
后面一句是对空格的解释和说明。
其中“Having confidence in yourself”与A项中的trust yourself意义相近。
因此答案选A。
]4.C [本题考查综合分析能力。
通读本段可知其大意是：一旦遭到背叛，你就成为客观环境的受害者，但作为一名受害者和以受害者的身份去生活是不同的。
所选答案应当包含关键词victim。
由此可知答案为C。
]5.G [本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。
本段的内容围绕主题句“You didn't lose everything.”展开。
一旦失去了信任，就要将目光放在仍然拥有的一切上面，对生活中美好的人或事心存感激。
通过这一次的经历，给谅解和自身的成长提供足够的空间才是正确的做法。
因此答案为G。
另外，空格之后的Instead一词对解答本题有明显的提示作用。
]Passage 2体裁：说明文话题：准备工作词数：180 时间：6′根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.__6__，buy the best－fitting，best－built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work bestfor you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double－check the fit.__7__.As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.__8__，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.__9__.After two weeks，start timing yourself.__10__.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A.After six daysB.For a good marathon runnerC.Before you begin your trainingD.With each day，increase the distance by a half mileE.If they still feel good，you can begin running in themF.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time【语篇解读】这篇短文向读者介绍了马拉松训练之前要做的准备工作，包括跑鞋的挑选和注意事项，也给出了每日训练里程的建议。
6. C [本题考查综合分析能力。
马拉松训练需要精心准备，且要按照循序渐进的原则增加跑步里程。
而空格之后的购买鞋子的事宜也是准备工作的一部分，需要提前做好。
故答案选C。
]7. E [本题考查联系上下文的能力。
由上句可知，找到合适的鞋子之后穿上几天，以确认一下是否合适。
E项承接这一内容，若仍然感觉舒适，跑步时就可以穿上。
]8. A [本题考查联系上下文的能力。
由“to take a day off to rest”可知，在第一周时，要留出一天的休息时间。
因此A项与语境相吻合。
]9. D [本题考查综合分析能力。
前文谈论的是跑步里程的问题，选项D与此相对应。
关键词a half有助于锁定D项为正确答案。
]10. G [本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。
本段开始论述的是前两周的跑步里程，空格前面一句说的是时间问题，而选项G中的distance和time恰好与这两个话题相关联。
因此答案为G。
]Passage 3体裁：说明文话题：做饭词数：261 时间：6′根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often：ability，money，and time.__11__ Money is a topic I'll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：1.Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？__12__2.Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？__13__ It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3.__14__ This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start.__15__ and don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A.Try new things.B.Ability is easily improved.C.Make three or four instead.D.Understand your food better.E.Cooking is a burden for many people.F.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G.A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，就如何在紧张的时间里做一顿好饭给出了一些建议。