初中二年级too[1]..to...和not..enough_to..课堂讲解用法.doc
“too…to”结构的用法与理解(精)

“too…to”结构的用法与理解(精)“too…to”结构的用法与理解宁县二中魏阿荣“too…to”结构在英语教学中经常出现,是一个很常见的英语表达句式。
此结构在形式上是肯定的,但在意义上却是否定的,再加上它有多种不同表达形式,学生很难完全掌握,因而也是英语教学中的一个难点。
以下是中学课本中的几个例句:1.It’s too heavy to carry. Please ask somebody to help us. (这太重了,我们搬不动,请叫人来帮帮我们。
)2.It’s never too old to learn.(活到老,学到老。
)3.He is too young to go to school.(他太小了,不能去上学。
)4.He slowed down after a while,fearing that he was getting too near to be safe.(隔了一会儿,他慢了下来,生怕太靠近了不安全。
)5.My brother is too young to look after himself.(我的弟弟太小了,不能照顾自己。
)就在这几个简单的句子中,“too…to”结构的用法都不尽相同,让我们来探讨对这个结构的理解和运用。
首先,要搞清这个结构中各个部分的意义和关系。
在“too…to”结构中,too 的意思是:“in a higher degree than is admissible or desirable for a purpose”,即“超过了做某事所能允许或所需要的程度。
”而其中的不定式则表示其结果或程度,作状语,修饰too。
整个结构的意思是“太……以致不能……”。
当然,这只是其基本意思,翻译时要根据上下文灵活处理。
这种基本结构还有其他几种不同情况。
现逐一举例说明:一.基本形式:too+adj. / adv.+to do .其中“to do”修饰“too+adj. / adv.”作为结果状语或程度状语。
(完整word版)too...to...-与-enough...to...-与-so...that...的区别

too...to... 与enough...to... 与so...that...的区别too+adj./adv. to+v.太...而不能做某事例:He is too young to go to school. 他年纪太小还不能上学。
2.adj./adv.+enough to +v.足够...而能做某事例:He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大了能上学了/他已到了上学的年龄了。
3.so +adj./adv.+that从句如此...以致例:He is so old that he can go to school.通常来说,这三种句型可用于同义句转换,具体如下:too...to... =not 反义词enough to =so...that 否定句例:He is too young to go to school.= He is not old enough to go to school.= He is so young that he can't go to school.too …to …. ; not …enough to…Step 1 看图说话利用课本P36页的图画和提示词练说too…to do 和not … enough to do 句子。
如:1. The snake / dangerous/ hold . / The boy not braveThe snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it .板书too…to do 和not … enough to do并让学生明确这两个短语的中文意思是“太… 而不能…”。
提醒学生观察这两个句子结构中的形容词用什么形式,to do中的do 可否变换形式。
在准确理解的基础上继续看图说话。
2. The girl / short / get on the elephant. / she / not / tall .3. The elephant / heavy / carry. / The boy / not strong.4. The elephant / fat / go through the gate. / The gate / not wide.5. The monkey / far away / get the bananas. / The bananas / not near.6. The cat/ slow/ catch the bird./ It / cannot run/ fast .Step 2 抛砖引玉板书The snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it . (改为同义句) The snake is so dangerous that the boy _________ hold it.学生在理解的基础上探求答案,在探求答案的过程中获得新知。
too...to结构的用法课件.doc

... "too +形容词/副词+动词不定式 "结构简称为"too...to"结构。
这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型, 在大多数情况下表示否定意义,在翻译时, 通常可译为"太⋯ ⋯ 而不能⋯ ⋯ "、"太⋯ ⋯ 无法⋯ ⋯ "。
下面就谈谈"too...to"结构表示否定的常见句型:句型 I :too +adj./adv.+ to do 这个句型是 too...to 的最基本的常用句型。
too +形容词或副词, 有时t oo 后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。
例如:The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小,不能上学。
The hat is too large to wear .这帽子太大,没法戴。
He walks too slowly to get there on time. 他走得太慢,不能按时到达那儿。
I'm too tired to think of anything now. 我太累了,什么也不能想了。
句型 II :too...to +to be V-ed 这是 "too...to"结构中不定式为被动式时的变体,如果主语是不定 式动作的承受者, 不定式既可以用主动式,也可以用被动式, 此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的,但在涵义上却是被动的。
例如:The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk. 茶太热,不能喝。
The molecules are much too small to see/to be seen. 分子太小,看不见。
The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。
句型 III :too +adj./adv.+forsb./ sth.to do /be V-ed 在"too...to"结构中加上一个 for sb./sth., 以 提示动词不定式的逻辑主语, 可以起到一定的限制作用, 即限制不定式所表示的动作行为只 是就它的逻辑主语而言的,对于其他人或物则不一定是这样,这就使句子意思更具体、 明白。
too...to..的用法

"too...to..." 结构是一个英语语法结构,用于表示某种极端情况,通常指某种程度太
高以至于达不到某个目标或期望。
该结构通常由 "too"、形容词或副词、"to" 和动
词不定式构成。
一般形式:
too + adj/adv + to + verb
•形容词的例子:
–The box is too heavy to lift.(这个箱子太重了,搬不动。
)
–She is too tired to go out.(她太累了,出不去。
)
•副词的例子:
–He walks too slowly to catch the bus.(他走得太慢了,赶不上公交车。
)
–She speaks too softly to be heard.(她说话声音太小,听不到。
)
在这个结构中,"too" 后面的形容词或副词表示一个超过正常或期望的程度,然后"to" 后面的动词不定式表示由于这种超过的程度,导致无法达到某个目标或期望。
too enough的用法总结

too enough的用法总结"too"和"enough"都是副词,用于修饰形容词或副词。
1. "too"的用法:
- "too"表示程度过高,多于所需或不适当。
例如:She is too young to drive a car. (她太年轻了,不能开车。
)
- "too"可以表示反义,用于否定句。
例如:He is not too tired to go out. (他一点也不累,可以出去。
)
- "too"还可以用于修饰动词,表示动作过度。
例如:I ate too much. (我吃得太多了。
)
2. "enough"的用法:
- "enough"表示程度足够,适当或合适。
例如:This dress is warm enough for winter. (这件裙子冬天穿很暖和。
)
- "enough"可以用于修饰名词,表示数量足够。
例如:I have enough money to buy a new phone. (我有足够的钱买一部新手机。
)
- "enough"还可以用于修饰形容词或副词,表示程度足够。
例如:He is strong enough to carry the heavy box. (他足够强壮,可以搬动那个沉重的盒子。
)
需要注意的是,"too"和"enough"均放在修饰的词之前。
too和enough的用法区别 讲义 2023届高考英语复习

too和enough的用法区别too和enough皆可修饰名词、形容词和副词。
Too表示的是程度深或数量多。
Enough则意味着程度或数量超出所需要的范围。
1.关于enough的用法阅读下面的例子,你会发现,enough有时候位于它所修饰的词语前。
例如:What do we need for dinner? I think we have enough vegetables, dont we?晚饭还需要准备些什么?我觉得蔬菜已经足够了,不是吗?She feels that Tom has more than enough time to help.她感觉汤姆有足够的时间来帮忙。
在其他的例子中,enough位于它所修饰的词语后面,例如:You should ask John for help hes rich enough to help us all!你应该向约翰求助,他那么有钱,一定可以帮到我们的!I dont think they are smart enough to take that class.我觉得他们的智商不足以应付这门课。
看一看上面例子中被enough所修饰的词语。
你会发现,enough位于名词vegetables(蔬菜)和time(时间)的前面,位于形容词rich(富裕的)和smart(聪明的)后面。
如果你不能很好地区分名词和形容词,可以回顾一下词性方面的知识。
a.形容词+enough当我们将enough作为副词使用,用来指代要求的程度或范围时,直接将enough放在所修饰的形容词后面Hes not patient enough to understand children.他在理解孩子方面不够耐心。
My friend wasnt intelligent enough to take the job.我朋友不够聪明,还无法胜任这份工作。
b.副词+enough当enough作为副词来指代要求的程度或范围时,将enough直接放在它所修饰的副词后面。
英语语法。too..too等的用法

too …to …. ; not …enough to…Step 1 看图说话利用课本P36页的图画和提示词练说too…to do 和not … enough to do 句子。
如:1. The snake / dangerous/ hold . / The boy not braveThe snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it .板书too…to do 和not … enough to d o并让学生明确这两个短语的中文意思是“太… 而不能…”。
提醒学生观察这两个句子结构中的形容词用什么形式,to do中的do 可否变换形式。
在准确理解的基础上继续看图说话。
2. The girl / short / get on the elephant. / she / not / tall .3. The elephant / heavy / carry. / The boy / not strong.4. The elephant / fat / go through the gate. / The gate / not wide.5. The monkey / far away / get the bananas. / The bananas / not near.6. The cat/ slow/ catch the bird./ It / cannot run/ fast .Step 2 抛砖引玉板书The snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it . (改为同义句)The snake is so dangerous that the boy _________ hold it.学生在理解的基础上探求答案,在探求答案的过程中获得新知。
too…to的用法

too…to的用法"Too...to"是一个常见的英语语法结构,用于表示某种情况或行为不可能发生或不适合发生的原因。
它由"too"和"to"两个词组成,中间用形容词或副词连接。
在本文中,我们将详细讨论"too...to"的用法,并提供一些例句来帮助你更好地理解。
1. "Too...to"的基本结构"Too...to"的基本结构是:too + 形容词/副词+ to + 动词原形。
其中,形容词或副词用来描述某种情况或行为的特征,而"to"后面的动词原形表示不可能或不适合发生的行为。
例如:- He is too young to drive a car.(他太年轻,不能开车。
)- The box is too heavy for me to lift.(这个盒子太重,我举不起来。
)- She is too tired to go to the party.(她太累了,不能去参加派对。
)2. "Too...to"表示不可能发生的情况"Too...to"常用于表示某种情况不可能发生的原因。
这种情况下,形容词或副词通常表示某种程度或数量的限制,超过这个限制就不可能实现某种行为或情况。
- The river is too wide to swim across.(这条河太宽,无法游过去。
)- The problem is too difficult for me to solve.(这个问题太难,我无法解决。
)- The mountain is too high to climb.(这座山太高,无法攀登。
)3. "Too...to"表示不适合发生的情况除了表示不可能发生的情况外,"Too...to"还可以用来表示某种情况不适合发生的原因。
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too to. ; not enough toThe snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it .too to do 和 not enough to do 并让学生明确这两个短语的中文意思是“太而不能”。
2.The girl / short / get on the elephant. / she / not / tall .3.The elephant / heavy / carry. / The boy / not strong.4.The elephant / fat / go through the gate. / The gate / not wide.5.The monkey / far away / get the bananas. / The bananas / not near.6.The cat/ slow/ catch the bird./ It / cannot run/ fast .Step 2 抛砖引玉The snake is too dangerous to hold. The boy is not brave enough to hold it . (改为同义句 )The snake is so dangerous that the boy _________ hold it.学生在理解的基础上探求答案,在探求答案的过程中获得新知。
板书 so that + 含有 can’t/ couldn ’dot 的否定句等同于 too to do ; not enough to do同步操练: 1. The girl is too short to get on the elephant. (改为同义句 )①The girl _________________________ to get on the elephant.② The girl ____________that she ___________ get on the elephant.③The elephant is so tall__ that the girl can’get on it .④The elephant _________ enough ______ the girl ______ get on.⑤The elephant __________tall ______ the girl _______ get on.完成句子后求异:①与原句比较后发现:由 too to do 结构转换为 not enough to do 结构时,要找到句中形容词的反义词。
③与④比较后发现: so that + 含有 can’ t / couldn 的’否tdo定句结构的句子,若主从句的主语不一致时,改写为 too to do 或 not enough to do 结构时, 要在不定式 to do 前添 for sb ,若主从句的主语一致,则不须添 for sb。
如:He is so young that hecan’ t go to school改.(为同义句 ) He too young to go to school .He not old enough to go to school.观察④、⑤两句可得:在too to do 或 not enough to do 的句子中,若 to do 的宾语与句子的主语相一致时,须省略it 。
发散思维:若把句子改为过去时,应该怎么办?1.The girl was too short to get on the elephant. (改为同义句 )The elephant was so tall__that the girl couldn ’get on it .2. He ran very fast. He couldn’ t stop.He ran too fast to stop.He ran so fast that he couldn ’stop. (方法是句型转换时要注意时态一致。
) Step 3 链接中考The panda is so fat that itcan’ t go through the hole改.(写为同一意思的句子 ) The hole ________________________________ such a fat panda to go through.The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn’改t写skate为同一on意it思.( 的句子 )The ice on the lake was not _______ enough _______people ____________________.Mr. King is very busy at work. He can’ t take改为a同holiday义句).(Mr. King is ______________________ take a holiday.My grandfather is too old to travel around. (改为同义句 )My grandfather is _______ old _______ he ________________ travel around any __________.Step 4 巩固练习1.My brother was so clever that he could work out the problem. (改为同义句 )My brother __________________________ work out the problem.2.The box isn ’ t light enough for him to carry改为.(同义句 )The box ________________________ for him ________ carry.3.He is very short . He can’ t reach the book on合the并shelf为一句.( )He is ________________________ reach the book on the shelf.4. The water was so dirty. We can ’ t改drink为同it 义.(句 )The water was too __________________________________ .5. The water in this river is very dirty. Fishes can ’ t live in it.The water in this river is ____________ that fishes ___________ in it.6.My brother got up late yesterday. He was late for school.My brother got up ________ thatso...that ,too ...to 和 enough to 是初中英语教材中的重要结构。
在一定条件下它们可以相互转换,并经常成为中考热点,请看下面三道中考试题:1. The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it.The water was ____ dirty for us ____ drink.(2001 上海市)2. The child is so young that he can't put on his clothes.The child isn't ____ ____ ____ put on his clothes.('99 四川宜宾)3. The problem is too difficult for me to work out .The problem isn't ____ ____ ____ for me to work out.(2001 重庆市)由分析可知答案为: 1.too , to 2.old enough to 3. easy enough那么在什么情况下三者可以相互转换呢?根据其结构特点我们可以看出:一、 so...that 与 too ... to 的转换当 that 引导的从句为否定式时,从句主语与主语的主语相同时,可转换为 too ... to 结构;若从句主语与主句的主语不相同时,转换为 too ...for sb. to 结构。
例如:so...that so... that 可He is so young that he can't go to school.→ He is too young to go to school.The box is so heavy thathe can'tliftit.→ The box is too heavy for him to lift.二、 so...that 与 enough to 的转换1.当that 引导的从句为肯定式时,若从句主语与主句主语相同时,so...that可转换为enough to 结构;若从句主语与主句主语不相同时,so...that 可转换为 enough for sb.to 结构。
例如:Tom is so old that he can go to school.→ Tom is old enough to go to school.The box is so light that the child can liftit.→ Thebox is light enough for the child to lift .2.当 that 引导的从句为否定式时,若从句主语与主句主语相同时,so...that可转换为 enough to 的否定结构;若从句主语与主句主语不相同时, so...that可转换为 enough for sb. to 的否定结构。
注意:转换后的形容词(副词)要用其相应的反义词。
例如:The man is so old that he can't go to work.→ The man isn't young enough to go to work.The desk is so heavy that I can't moveit.→ The desk isn't light enough for me to move.三、 enough to 的句式为否定式时, enough to 可以转换为 too...to 结构。