高一阅读5(解析)
江苏省连云港市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试语文试题(含解析)
江苏省连云港市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末语文试卷一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
①党的二十大报告提出，要“扎实推动乡村产业、人才、文化、生态、组织振兴”。
其中，文化振兴既是乡村振兴的重要内容，也为实现乡村全面振兴注入活力。
②中华民族五千多年历史孕育了丰富的乡土文化，如宗族文化、节庆文化、耕读文化、祭祀文化等。
这些文化元素相互交织形构了朴素的乡村价值观和认知体系，进而构建了乡村社会的行为规范。
随着社会经济的快速发展，传统乡土文化蕴含的礼俗秩序开始在乡村社会中消解，乡村出现了内核“空心”。
重塑乡土文化，建设乡村精神家园，对筑牢乡村振兴之根，确保乡村社会的持续稳定发展具有重要意义。
③乡村优秀传统文化记录了乡村历史、信仰、习俗和生活方式，成为维系乡村社会深层情感的集体记忆。
重视物质文化遗产的传承，保护好古树、古桥、古村落、古建筑等蕴含丰富历史信息和文化内涵且不可再生的文化资源，保留代表性乡村公共记忆景观。
积极推进剪纸、捏面人等非物质文化遗产保护，培育乡村文化的传承人，延续和发展历史遗留的珍贵精神财富。
鼓励年轻人学习传统技艺和表演，让更多的年轻人认识和了解地方乡村传统文化，培养他们的文化自信和认同感。
在保护和传承中寻根溯源，从而在中国传统式的“乡愁”中滋养乡土文化归属。
④涵养乡风文明可以为乡村发展提供精神动力和智力支持，有效地满足农民对美好生活精神层面的需要，提升农民的主人翁意识和社会责任意识，同时进一步增强农民的文化自信和文化认同。
加强乡风文明建设，要在传承优秀传统文化的基础上，充分发挥先进文化的引领作用，尊重乡村本位和农民主体地位。
围绕农民需要提供文化服务，组织农民开展文化活动，提升农民素质和乡风文明程度。
⑤党的领导是乡村振兴的前提和方向保证，是乡村社会的凝聚力和向心力的坚实保障。
涵养乡风文明，必须坚持和加强党对农村工作的全面领导，强化基层党组织的政治担当，推进改革创新，发挥好党建引领作用。
高一下学期英语阅读专项训练五 答案
单元评估检测(一)第Ⅰ卷第一局部：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
AEarth Day is celebrated every year on April 22nd.Take some time to find out about how one man，who was determined to change the way we treated our planet，didn’t stop until he had made a difference.In 1963，senator(参议员) Gaylord Nelson wasn’t happy with the earth’s condition.He wanted to clean up the planet，solve pollution and environmental problems.A senator is someone US citizens choose to help make laws，so Gaylord had a lot of power.He went to John F Kennedy，the President at the time，with his ideas.The President agreed that the planets’ environment was a serious issue，so President Kennedy went around the country on a fiveday tour to promote the idea of cleaning up the planet.People began making small changes but it wasn’t enough.A few years later，Senator Nelson decided to put one day aside every year for the cause of saving the planet.On April 22，1970，the first Earth day was celebrated.More than 20 million people took part in Earth Day activities in 1970.Since then，Earth Day has become an international holiday.People all over the world are doing something to make the earth a cleaner，better place.A rock band named Dramarama wrote a song about Earth Day in 1993 called What Are We Gonna Do.Encouraging your family to recycle on a regular basis is a good way to help the earth.【解题导语】本文介绍了“地球日”的设立背景及其他相关状况。
人教版高一英语必修一unit5阅读
Unit5 Nelson Mandela---a modern heroWarming up & Reading学案【学习目标】1.深入理解课文，掌握课文中基础知识，培养快速阅读，整体理解的能力。
2.通过自主学习，合作共赢，达到对文章进行深层理解的目的。
3.了解曼德拉的传奇人生，学习他的优良品质。
【话题美文导读】曼德拉曾在牢中服役27年，在其40年的政治生涯中获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。
他是南非首位黑人总统，被尊称为“南非国父”，而且是一位当代英雄。
让我们细读下文，了解他不平凡的一生吧。
Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was chief of a tribe(部落首领). Mandela was educated at University of Witwatersrand and qualified (符合资格) in law in 1942. He joined the African National Congress(议会, 国会）in 1944.In June 1961, the ANC considered his proposal(建议)on the use of violent actions and agreed that those members who wished to involve(卷入,参与) themselves in Mandela's campaign would not be stopped from doing so by the ANC.Mandela was arrested(逮捕) i n 1962 and sentenced to five years’ imprisonment(关押,监禁) with hard labour. In 1963, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting(策划) to overthrow the government by violence. On June 12, 1964, Mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment. From 1964 to 1982, he was kept at Robben Island Prison, off Cape Town.During his years in prison, Nelson Mandela’s reputation(名声) grew steadily. He was widely accepted as the most significant(重要的, 有意义的) black leader in South Africa. Nelson Mandela was released on February 18, 1990. After his release, he devoted himself wholeheartedly(全心全意地) into his life’s work, trying to achieve the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier. In 1991, at the first national conference of the ANC Mandela was elected President of the ANC1918出生于南非特兰斯凯豪萨部落的酋长家庭1944参加主张非暴力斗争的非国大1961创建非国大军事组织“民族之矛”1962因“煽动”和“非法越境”罪名入狱1990南非当局迫于舆论无条件释放曼德拉1993曼德拉获诺贝尔和平奖1994曼德拉当选为南非第一位黑人总统1999成为首位访华的南非国家元首2009联大宣告7月18日为“曼德拉国际日”2010曼德拉因曾孙女车祸缺席世界杯开幕式1. Guessing game: Who is he/she? ( 7 great persons)2. Discussion: In your opinion, what qualities make a great person?3. What’s the connection between Elias and Mandela?A. StrangersB. FriendsC. Father and sonD. Teacher and studentStep2 Fast reading1. What kind of passage does it belong to?A. essayB. biographyC. reportD. reviewIt is written byThe events happened to Elias:1940 ：1946 ：1948 ：1952 ：1963 ：2. How many parts can the text be divided into? Give the general idea of each part.Step3 Careful Reading1. True or False(1). Elias met Nelson Mandela at school. ( )(2). Elias was unable to read or write because he was lazy. ( )(3). Nelson Mandela helped him keep his job. ( )(4). Elias was happy blowing up government buildings. ( )(5). Nelson Mandela thought violence was a good way to help black people. ( ) 2. Choose the best answer:(1). What disadvantages did Elias have in finding a job?A. He helped Nelson Mandela blow up the government building.B. He had poor education.C. He was very young.(3). Why did Elias help Mandela blow up some government building?A. Because he liked violence.B. Because it was not dangerous.C. Because he thought it was a way to make black people and white people equal.D. Because he wanted to be famous.(4). From Mandela’s saying, we can get a conclusion thatA. Mandela wanted to break the law in a violent way in the beginning.B. black people had been given more rights.C. black people should rise up to fight for their own rights after years of being ruled.(5). This text is mainly aboutA. A black man named Elias and his hard life.B. Elias’ description of his contact with Mandela.C. the deep friendship between Elias and Mandela.Step4 Post reading1. Complete the sentences.(1). He offered (guide) to poor black people on their legal problems.(2). My family could not continue to pay the school and the bus (费用).(3). In the past 30 years we (see) the great changes in China.(4). 我担心我是否会失业。
高一英语 阅读理解练习(五)
高一英语阅读理解练习（五）AWhen I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation (住所). I suggested that they should stay at ‘bed and breakfast’houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.“We didn‟t stay at bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we f ound that most families were away on holiday.”I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought …V ACANCIES‟ meant …holidays‟, because the Spanish word for …holidays” is …vacaciones‟. So they did not go to house where the sign outside said …V ACANCLES‟, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to house where the sign said …NO V ACANCLES‟, because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. As a result, they stayed at hotels!We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word …DIVERSION‟ means fun. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word …DIVERSION‟ on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hold.English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris. when someone offered me some more. coffee, I said …Thank you‟ in French. I meant that I would like some more, However , to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that …Thank you‟ in French means…Mo, thank you.‟1. My Spanish friends wanted advice about ______.A. learning EnglishB. finding places to stay in EnglandC. driving their car on English roadsD. going to England by car2. I suggested that they stay at bed and breakfast houses because ______.A. they would be able to practise their EnglishB. it would be much cheaper than staying in hotelsC. it would be convenient for them to have dinnerD. there would be no problem about finding accommodation there3. “NO V ACANCIES” in English means ______.A. no free roomsB. free roomsC. not away on holidayD. holidays4. If you see a road sign that says …Diversion‟, you will ______.A. fall into a holeB. have a lot of fun and enjoy yourselfC. find that the road is blocked by crowds of peopleD. have to take a different road5. When someone offered me more coffee and I said …Thank you‟ in French, I ______.A didn‟t really want any more coffeeB. wanted them to take the coffee pot awayC. really wanted some more coffeeD. wanted to express my politeness6. I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I ______.A. hadn‟t finished drinking my coffeeB. was expecting another cup of coffeeC. meant that I didn‟t want any moreD. was never misunderstoodBAn ape has a larger brain than any animal except man, though it is much smaller than a man‟s brain. Apes all belong to the hot countries of the w orld—tropical Africa and South—east Asia.The gorilla is the largest of the apes. He is as tall as six feet when standing upright. Many people think that gorillas are very fierce. They are often described as standing upright like a man, beating their fists and roaring. In their home, in the forests of Cetral Africa, however, they are not at all like this, They are peaceful animals and never use their great strength unless attacked. Even then, they retreat if they can.Gorillas have black faces and long, black, hairy coats. They feed during the day on plants and fruit. At night the old male often sleeps on the ground at the foot of a tree, while the others each make a sleeping platform in the tree bending the leafy branches. Besides this, gorillas climb trees very seldom.1. Apes live in ______.A. different parts of the worldB. the cold countriesC. South America and AfricaD. the countries of Africa and South—east Asia2. An ape‟s brain is______.A. as large as a man‟s brainB. a lot smaller than a man‟s brainC. larger than that of any other animal including manD. a lot larger than a man‟s brain3. A gorilla is about six feet tall when he ______.A. stands on his legsB. stand on his armsC. roarsD. uses his great strength4. All gorillas live on______.A. vegetablesB. leaves and grassC. plants and fruitD. rice5. During the night gorilla usually sleep in trees except ______.A. the old female gorillaB. the old male gorillaC. the young gorillas up to six years oldD. the baby gorillasCSam and Joe were astronauts. There was once a very dangerous trip and the more experienced astronauts knew there was only a small chance of coming back alive (活着). Sam and Joe, however, thought it would be exciting though a little dangerous. “we’re the best men for the job,” they said to the boss. “There may be problems, but we can find the answ ers.” “They‟re the last people I‟d trust,” thought the boss. “But all the other astronauts have refused to go.”Once they were in space, Joe had to go outside to make some repairs. When the repairs were done, he tried to get back inside the spaceship. But the door was locked. He knocked but there was no answer. He knocked again, louder this time, and again no answer came. Then he hit the door as hard as he could and finally a voice said, “Who‟s there?” “It‟s me! Who else could it be?” shouted Joe. Sam l et him in all right but you can imagine that Joe never asked to go on a trip with Sam again!1. Most of the astronauts were unwilling to go on a trip because ______.A. there was little chance of being selectedB. they weren‟t experienced enoughC. they thought they might get killedD. it wasn‟t exciting enough2. Why were Sam and Joe chosen?A. The boss wanted them to get more experience.B. The boss trusted them more than anyone else.C. They were the last people who wanted to go.D. They were the only men who offered to go.3. What did Sam and Joe think the trip would be like?A. There would be serious problems.B. There wouldn‟t be any danger.C. It would be long and tiring.D. It would be exciting.4. Joe didn‟t want to work with Sam again probably because he thought Sam ______.A. was very slow and possibly deafB. didn‟t know how to operate the doorC. was less experienced than he wasD. didn‟t know how to do repairs5. The writer tells this story to ______.A. show the dangerous side of the astronauts‟ lifeB. show the funny side of the astronauts‟ lifeC. make people laughD. make people thinkDMoscow, Russia (Space news)—“The computer is a better chess player,”insisted Viktor Prozorov, the loser. “It seemed as if it were laughing after every goodmove. I know I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind (为人类着想), but I just couldn‟t’t win,”he announced and shook his head sadly.Prozorov‟s disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present, some of whom were so upset that they shouted at the machine. Many chess players said that this meant the end of chess championships (锦标赛) around the world, since the fun had been taken out of the game.The computer walked—or rather, rolled—away with 5,000 dollars in prize money and limited its remarks to a set of noises and lights.1. Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?A. 5,000 dollars goes to a computer!B. New invention, a laughing computer!C. World‟s best chess player beaten!D. Computer defeats man in chess!2. How did some of the grand masters feel about the chess game between Prozorov and the computer?A. They thought that the game was no fun.B. The y thought that the game wasn‟t fair.C. They agreed that Prozorov didn‟t play well.D. They were unhappy that the computer had won.3. What was it that Prozorov felt most bitter (懊恼) about?A. That he didn‟t win the $ 5,000.B. That he hadn‟t tri ed his best.C. That he had lost to a machine.D. That this was the end of the chess game.4. After winning the game, the computer .A. laughedB. walked awayC. made some remarksD. gave out some lights and sounds5. Many chess players felt that playing with a computer would .A. make the game tougherB. make the game less interestingC. make man appear foolishD. make man lose lots of moneyE“I would almost rather see you dead,”Robert S. Cassatt, a leading banker (银行家) of Philadelphia, shouted when his twenty-year-old eldest daughter announced that she wanted to become an artist. In the 19th century, playing at drawing or painting on dishes was all right for a young lady, but serious work in art was not. And when the young lady’s family ranked among (跻身于) the best of Philadelphia’s social (社交界的) families, such an idea could not even be considered.That was how Mary Cassatt, born 1844, began her struggle as an artist. She did not tremble before her father’s anger. Instead, she opposed (抗拒) him with courage and at last made him change his mind. Mary Cassatt gave up her social position (社会地位) and all thought of a husband and a family, which in those times was unthinkable for a young lady. In the end, after long years of hard work andperseverance (坚持), she became America‟s most important woman artist and the internationally recognized leading woman painter of the time.1. How did Mr. Cassatt react (反应) when his daughter made her announcement?A. He feared for her life.B. He was very angry.C. He nearly killed her.D. He warned her.2. What in fact was Mr. Cassatt‟s main reason in opposing his daughter‟s wish?A. Drawing and painting was simply unthinkable among ladies in those days.B. He did not believe his daughter wanted to work seriously in art.C. He believed an artist‟s life would be too hard for his daughter.D. Ladies of good families simply did not become artists in those times.3. What made Mary Cassatt‟s “struggle” to become a recognized artist especiallyhard?A. She was a woman.B. Her father opposed her.C. She had no social position.D. She did not come from an arti st‟s family.4. What do we know about Mary Cassatt‟s marriage (婚姻)?A. Her marriage failed because she never gave a thought to her husband and family.B. She never married because she did not want to be just a wife and mother.C. After marriage she decide to give up her husband rather than her career(事业).D. She did not marry because for a lady of her social position to marry below herwas unthinkable.5. What do we know about Robert Cassatt‟s character from the text?A. He was a cruel manB. He was a stubborn(固执的) manC. He knew nothing about artD. He knew little about his daughter6. What do we know about Mary Cassatt‟s character?A. She was brave in going against old ideasB. She got tired of always obeying her fatherC. She hated playing at drawing and paintingD. She did not mind being poor at all7. As we learn from the text, which of the following was generally considered the most important in the life of a woman in the U.S. in Mary Cassatt‟s time s?A. MoneyB. CareerC. MarriageD. CourageBAADCB DBACB CDDAC DDCDB BDABDAC。
2023-2024学年福州市高一语文(下)期末考试卷附答案解析
2023-2024学年福州市高一语文（下）期末考试卷试卷满分150分考试时间150分钟一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：“儒商”，又名“儒贾”“贾儒”，其释义一般理解为具有以儒家为核心的中华文化底蕴，关爱亲友、孤弱，热心乡里和社会公益之事，能做到儒行与贾业的统一和良性互动，具有厚重文化底蕴的工商业者。
儒家商业经营伦理在价值层面主要包含“诚信”“责任”“求实”“明理”“勤奋”等单元。
有学者认为，“儒商精神”的精神特质是确立具有儒家精神气质的商业职业意识，参引儒家的价值观念，建构商业经营的基本原则，具体如“仁政管理原则”“诚信待人原则”“和气生财原则”“勤俭戒侈原则”，并以此塑造儒家化的商人人格形象。
另有观点认为，“儒商精神”的思想内涵主要可从“富而好礼，贵而不骄”的自身修养、“见利思义，以义制利”的致富原则、“内诚于心，外信于人”的经商之道以及“博施于民，济众扶危”的社会责任等方面体现。
因此，“儒商精神”在价值属性上往往带有正向的社会意义，而其内容在时代变化中虽呈现出不同侧重，但始终围绕“礼让互尊”“诚实信用”“重义守德”的精神基底，并最终达至“圣者尽伦”的人生目标。
“义利之辩”是人类哲学史上的重要论题，诸如“贵义贱利论”“义利并重论”“以义生利论”。
无论何种思考，其背后所涉及的伦理道德问题，实质上都归结为道德与物质利益之间的关系、个人利益与社会利益之间的关系以及善恶的标准。
儒家强调“仁者人也……义者宜也”，“义”在儒学中被视为一般的道德性原则。
中国传统商业伦理往往将“义”放置于优先位置，或并与“利”处于同等位阶。
而西方经济学理论同样对经济伦理与经济效益之间的关系进行学科性讨论，如李斯特认为，生产力的更大组成相当一部分在于个人的智力和社会条件，而道德自身所具备的经济价值预期有效影响生产的诸多方面。
马克思主义经济哲学也强调资本的道德性与精神生产力在内涵上高度耦合，道德、科学、法等要素理应归于生产的特殊形式，并受配于生产的一般规律。
高一英语阅读理解(5篇)(含答案及解析)
高一英语阅读理解（5篇）（含答案及解析）一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
1.A woman who had been diagnosed with cancer had been given3 months to live. So she told her pastor which songs she wanted sung at the service，what scriptures she would like read，and what she wanted to be wearing. The woman also told her pastor that she wanted to be buried with her favorite bible.“There’s one more thing.” she said excitedly.“I want to be buried with a fork in my right hand.”The pastor stood looking at the woman not knowing quite what to say.The woman explained，“In all my years of attending church socials and functions where food was involved；my favorite part was when whoever was clearing away the dishes of the main course would lean over and say ‘you can keep your fork’. It was my favorite part because I knew that something better was coming. So I just want people to see me there in that casket with a fork in my hand and I want them to wonder ‘What’s with the fork？’ Then I want you to tell them，‘Something better is coming，so keep your fork too.’”1/ 15The pastor’s eyes were welled up with tears of joy as he hugged the woman goodbye. He knew this would be one of the last times he would see her before her death. But he also knew that the woman had a better grasp of heaven than he did. She knew that something better was coming.At the funeral the pastor told the people how he could not stop thinking about the fork and told them that they probably would not be able to stop thinking about it either.So the next time you reach down for your fork，let it remind you so gently that there is something better coming.Keep your fork. The best is yet to come.1. Why did the woman have a talk with the pastor？Because ________.A. she wouldn’t like to dieB. she was anxious about deathC. she wanted to discuss certain aspects of her final deathD. she begged him to help her to get rid of her illness2. When hearing the woman’s last wish，the pastor felt ________.A. shockedB. excitedC. entertainedD. amazed3. Someone says to you “Keep your fork”，which suggests ________.2/ 15A. the main course will be servedB. your favorite is comingC. the service will begin soonD. the service will be finished at once4. Why was the pastor so pleased when he heard her expression？Because________.A. he understood the woman betterB. he realized she has understood death completelyC. the woman didn’t ask for too muchD. he could carry out her last wishes2.The last few days before Christmas passed quickly and it was soon Christmas Eve. That night when everyone went to bed, Bunny couldn't sleep. He still couldn't think of what he wanted his Christmas gift to be. He wondered how Father Christmas would know what to bring him if he didn't know himself.As he was sitting up in bed, Bunny heard a big noise on the roof (屋顶) and a sound downstairs. It was Father Christmas, he realized. Bunny jumped out of bed and raced down the hall to the stairs hoping to have a look at the old man with his own eyes.3/ 15By the time Bunny reached the bottom of the stairs, though, everything was again silent. Beautiful gifts were piled (堆积) under the Christmas tree, but Father Christmas was gone. He looked for him for a few minutes, but it was already too late. Bunny turned to climb back upstairs when he heard a cry.“Hello,” said Bunny. “Is somebody there?”He was answered by another cry. Bunny looked around the big pile of gifts to see what was making the noise. Right under the tree was a funny looking brown animal with big feet and sad eyes. Bunny might have mistaken it for a dog, if it hadn't been for the antlers (鹿角) on its head.“Are you a reindeer (驯鹿)?” asked Bunny.“Yes,” replied the animal, “my name is Ralph.”“And you were pulling Father Christmas' sled (雪橇)?”“I was until I got airsick,” replied Ralph, “I'm afraid I wasn't cut out for the job. Now I'm stuck here and I don't know how to get back to the North Pole.”“Well, if you like, you can stay with us as a friend,” said Bunny. As he made the offer, Bunny suddenly realized the gift he wanted from Father Christmas was a new friend!1. Why couldn't Bunny fall asleep on Christmas Eve?4/ 15A. He had a lot of things to do.B. He was disturbed by a big noise.C. He was thinking of what gift he would get.D. He wanted to have a look at the reindeer.2. As soon as Bunny came downstairs, he _____.A. was probably very sadB. found what he wantedC. ran into a reindeerD. heard a loud cry3. The underlined part “cut out for” in the text probably means “_____”.A. fit forB. afraid ofC. proud ofD. interested in4. What would be the best title for the text?A. A strange Christmas treeB. A special Christmas giftC. A quiet but smart boyD. A lovely reindeer3.Online shopping has become more and more popular these years. Women have jumped ahead of men for the first time in using the Internet to do their holiday shopping, according to a study published last week in5/ 15the US.For years men have been more likely to shop on the Internet than women, but during the 2013 holiday season 58 percent of those shopping online were women.“It shows how popular the Internet is becoming,” said Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project group, which carried out the study. Rainie said it was only a matter of time before women shoppers caught up with men. This is because women traditionally make decisions about spending.Users were more likely to shop online to save time. Internet users between the ages 18 and 29 were responsible for some of the surprising increase in the online gift- buying population this time around.However, three-quarters of the US Internet users did not buy holiday gifts online in 2013. They worried about credit card security(安全），or just compared online prices with off-line prices, then dashed off to the shops to get the best deals.“But even if shoppers don’t buy online, websites are becoming promotion(促销）tools for stores，’，said Dan Hess’vice president of Com Score Network Inc. Hess said that actually most stores，websites can make customers fully believe the security of their credit card numbers. And most are able to ensure that gifts arrive on time.6/ 15It’s all about making the shopping experience more efficient, more reliable and more comfortable,” Hess said.(1) Which of the following statements is true?A. There were fewer women online shoppers than men in 2013.B. More women shopped online than men in 2013.C. Most of the Internet users between the ages 18 and 29 were women.D. people in the US were more likely to buy gifts online.(2) What does the underlined part “dashed off” probably mean? _A. 关闭B. 推迟C. 匆忙D. 起飞(3) According to Dan Hess, shopping online is ________.A. unsafeB. convenientC. a waste of moneyD. cheaper4.Most people know the feeling when you walk into a lift(电梯）with other people. A study has found that where people stand is based on their social position on entering the lift.7/ 15Rebekah Rousi，a Ph. D. student, did a study of lift behavior in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide, Australia. As part of her research, she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings, and discovered there was a fixed order about where people chose to stand.In her research paper, she wrote that more senior men seemed to walk straight towards the back of the lift. She said, “In front of them were younger men, and in front of them were women of all ages.” She also noticed there was a difference in the direction where people looked during the ride. “Men watched the monitors, looked in the side mirrors (in one building) to see themselves, and in the door mirrors (in the other building) to watch others. Women would watch the monitors and avoid looking into others，eyes (unless in conversations) and the mirrors. ”Rebekah Rousi concluded that shyer people stand toward the front，where they can’t see other passengers，while fearless people stand in the back, where they have a good view of everyone else.(1) According to the study, where people stand in a lift is decided by ________.A. their social positionB. the monitorsC. other passengersD. others’ position8/ 15(2) Who are most likely to go to the back of the lift?A. Shyer people.B. Senior men.C. Younger men.D. Women.(3) Which is true according to the passage?A. The order in which people stand in a lift is fixed.B. Few people feel embarrassed with strangers in a lift.C. Women like watching themselves in the side mirrors.D. Fearless people stand in the back to avoid seeing others.(4) The passage is probably taken from ________.A. a lift instructionB. a storybookC. a travel guideD. a newspaper5. 七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。
统编版高一语文 第5课 以工匠精神雕琢时代品质(解析版)(选择性必修上册)
第二单元第5课以工匠精神雕琢时代品质一、基础巩固1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一项是（）A．工匠．（jiàng）尽心竭．力（jié）出类拔萃．（cuì）B．雕琢．（zhuó）臻．于至善（zheng）气质雍．容（yōng）C．彩酷．（kù）废寝．忘食（qín）活力涌．流（yǒng）D．边疆．（jiāng）炉．火纯青（lǘ）通天大道．（dào）【答案】A【解析】本题考查学生对汉字字音的识记能力。
本题中，B项，臻于至善，臻，应读zhēn，达到之意。
C项，废寝忘食，寝，应读qǐn，睡，卧之意。
D项，炉火纯青，炉，应读lú。
故选A。
2．下列句中加点的词语，没有错别字的一项是（）A．像手工匠人一样雕琢技艺、打造产品，企业才有金字召牌．．，产品才能经受住用户最挑剔眼光的检验。
B．今天的“匠”，已成为心思巧妙、技术精湛．．．．、造诣高深的代名词。
C．崇尚工匠精神的国家，一定是一个拥有建康．．市场环境和深厚人文素养的国家。
D．工匠精神并不以成功为指归．．，却足以为成功铺就通天大道。
【答案】B【解析】本题考查的是识记现代汉语常见字字形的能力。
A项，召牌——招牌；C项，建康——健康；D项，指归——旨归。
故选C。
3．下列各句中加点成语的使用，全部正确的一项是（）①开展群众路线教育实践活动，深入基层真抓实干才是硬道理，少些来回比划的雕虫小技．．．．，少做些表面文章。
②两人笑笑，学着电视里的大哥，尽量摆出莫测髙深的样子，却不知那种沐猴而冠．．．．的神态，就是两个小丑。
③在世界杯足球赛上，南美队的高超技艺，欧洲队的粗犷勇猛，非洲队的灵巧迅速，无不表现得炉火纯青．．．．。
④“山中无历日，寒尽不知年”，有诗句如是说，充满隐者离群索居．．．．飘逸洒脱意境，但身处囚室中的他可没有这么高雅脱俗。
⑤他的身高，即使在素有“篮球王国”之称的美国，也是出类拔萃．．．．的。
【英语】高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析
【英语】高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解I work as the reception manager at my hotel.A booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that a guest would be travelling with her deaf father. This note helped us in preparing for their arrival. As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.Upon seeing this note and knowing I would be the one to check them in, I decided to learn some very basic sign language. I greeted the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name，I immediately realized who was standing in front of me.I had been learning for two weeks how to say: "Welcome to Ireland. My sign language is terrible, but please, if you need anything during your stay, just let me know and we will help you."I smiled at the father and daughter in front of me. Turning to the father, I greeted him in ASL (American Sign Language) and began the bit I had learned for him. His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy. Honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.Sadly, I wasn't working the day they checked out, but they left a gift for me, a small box with some chocolates and a book on ASL. Inside was a note saying: "Thank you very much for what you did. My father has been in amazing spirits from the time you checked us in and insisted we get you a gift before we left. You have no idea how much this meant to my father and me, and we can't thank you enough. You've made his trip very special with one simple gesture."I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.（1）The daughter left a note when booking the hotel in order to __________.A.ask for special service for herselfB.give some useful advice to the hotelC.express gratitude to the hotel managerD.make her father's trip more comfortable（2）The daughter cried when they checked in because __________.A.the author's sign language was really terribleB.her father was unwilling to live in that hotelC.she appreciated what the author had done for her fatherD.the author wouldn't be working when they checked out（3）Seeing the father's reaction during check-in the author probably felt __________.A.thankfulB.satisfiedC.disappointedD.regretful（4）From this passage, we can know that __________.A.the author made the daughter's check-out smoothB.the author was deeply moved by an unexpected giftC.the daughter cried for five minutes before they leftD.the daughter asked the author to learn sign language【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游，帮助他们登记的故事，因为那位父亲是个聋哑人，执着专门学了手势语"欢迎来爱尔兰"，结果那位父亲对于作者的接待很满意，走得时候还送给作者礼物，并给经理写信，希望给作者加薪。
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注意阅读速度：一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效地吸收有用信息。
合理的快速阅读可以使阅读者思想高度集中，在阅读中积极思维，不时作出归纳、演绎、对比、推测，正确理解篇章大意。
没有一定的阅读速度，就不能顺利地输入信息，阅读理解的成效也会大大地降低。
高考要求每分钟读60个字，但我们在平常练习时应达到并超过这个基本标准，以便在高考中能给自己挤出更多时间去进行思考。
我们要培养快速阅读的能力，就必须克服指读、回读、重读等不良习惯，不要把注意力过度集中在孤立的单词上，以致于对整句、整段的意思把握不清。
与此同时，我们还应注意运用多种阅读技巧，如略读、扫读、跳读等来搜寻关键词、主题句，理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
Passage A阅读理解When someone says, “Well, I guess I'll have to face the music①”, it doesn't mean that he is planning to go to hear a singer or attend a concert. It is something far less unhappy than you are called in by your leader to explain why you did this and that or why you did not do this or that.②At some time or another, every one of us has to “face the music”, especially (尤其) as children. We can all remember father s angry words “I want to talk to you”. And only because we did not listen to him. What a bad thing it was!In the middle or at the end of every term, we students have to “face the music”. The result of the exam will decide whether we will face the music or not. If...that means parents co ld faces and contempt (轻视) of the teachers and classmates.“To face the music” is well known to every American, young or old. It is at least 100 years old. It really means that you have to do something, no matter (无论) how terrible the whole thing might be, because you know you have no choice.根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. “To face the music” means “to____ ”.A. do something that we don t like toB. go to the theatreC. go to the music showD. do something that we want to2. In the third paragraph, “If...”really means “If____ ”.A. we don't do a good jobB. we get an“A” in the examC. the exam is easyD. the exam is difficult3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. “To face the music” is well known in the United States.B. “To face the music” h as a history of more than 100 years.C. The young Americans know what “to face the music” means.D. Only the old in the United States know the meaning of “to face the music”.难句注释①I guess I ll have to face the music.我想这下我得自食其果了。
face the music 指由于自己的决定或行为而接受批评、承担后果等。
Total words:200Reading time:____Reading speed: ____②It is something far less unhappy than you are called in by your leader to explain why you did this and that or why you did not do this or that.它要比你被老板喊进去解释为什么这样那样做，或者为什么不这样那样做要难过得多。
Passage B阅读理解Julia lived in the countryside, but one year she decided to visit the capital city to do some shopping and to see the sights. She stayed at a hotel near the central market. She had seldom been to the city before, and was very excited about what she would find.On the first morning of her visit, as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar (乞丐). He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth. Please give generously(慷慨地).①”Julia felt sorry for the blind beggar and she bent down and put a dollar coin into his bowl.“Thank you.” he said.The same thing happened again the following day. On the third day, however, Julia did not have a dollar coin. She had only fifty cents, so she dropped this into the beggar s bowl.“What have I done wrong?” the beggar said, “Why are you so stingy (吝啬的) today?”Julia was very surprised at what the beggar said.“How do you know I haven't given you a dollar?” she said, “If you re blind you can't know what coin I put into your bowl.”“Ah,” explained the beggar,“The truth is that I'm not blind. I'm just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he s on holiday.②”“On holiday?” Julia said, “And what exactly does your blind friend do on holiday?”“He goes into the countryside,”the man said, “and takes photographs. He's a very good photographer.”根据文章内容，选择正确答案：1. Where was the beggar sitting?A. Between Julia's hotel and the market.B. In the busiest part of the city.C. Outside the shops.D. In the market.2. On the first two days, ____.A. the blind man waited for JuliaB. Julia gave the blind man some moneyC. the blind man demanded money from JuliaD. Julia gave him nothing3. On the third day, the blind man____ .A. accepted Julia's fifty cents quite happilyB. noticed that Julia had only given him fifty centsC. refused Julia's fifty centsD. also received one dollar from Julia难句注释①He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth. Please give generously.” 他举着一个告示，上面写着“生来双目失明，请慷慨解囊！”。
Total words:248Reading time:____Reading speed: ____②I m just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he s on holiday.那个经常在这儿的乞丐度假去了，我只是帮他照看一下场子。