A Prospective Incidence Study of Febrile Convulsions
学术英语写作智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下天津外国语大学
学术英语写作智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下天津外国语大学天津外国语大学第一章测试1.What steps are involved in writing? （）A:PrewritingB:Revising and editingC:Writing the first draftD:Rewriting答案:Prewriting;Revising and editing;Writing the first draft2.The objectives of the course include （）A:To improve students’ thinking ability via choosing a topic, sourcinginformation, writing different parts of a project paper including introduction, literature review, methods, findings, discussions and conclusionB:To improve students’ writing and reading proficiency in EnglishC:To improve students’ capability of carrying out research by going through the process of writing a project paperD:To improve students’ cultural competence through learning western ways of thinking in English writing答案:To improve students’ thinking ability via choosing a topic,sourcing information, writing different parts of a project paperincluding introduction, literature review, methods, findings,discussions and conclusion;To im prove students’ writing and reading proficiency in English;To improve students’ capability of carrying out research by goingthrough the process of writing a project paper;To improve students’ cultural competence through learning westernways of thinking in English writing3.In freewriting, the writer needs to make everything perfect.（）A:错 B:对答案:错4.The relationship between reading and writing can be described as（）A:When you start learning writing, you will read differently.B:Reading is the input, while writing is the output of language.C:When you start learning writing, you will improve the awareness ofaccumulating language, information and idea for various topics, which will consequently change the way you read.D:Reading and writing are reciprocal activities; the outcome of a readingactivity can serve as input for writing, and writing can lead a student tofurther reading resources.答案:When you start learning writing, you will read differently.;Reading is the input, while writing is the output of language.;When you start learning writing, you will improve the awareness ofaccumulating language, information and idea for various topics, which will consequently change the way you read.;Reading and writing are reciprocal activities; the outcome of a reading activity can serve as input for writing, and writing can lead a student to further reading resources.5.The functions of writing include （）A:The discipline of writing will strengthen your skills as a reader and listener B:Writing will make you a strong thinker and writing allows you to organize your thoughts in clear and logical waysC:Writing encourages you to seek worthwhile questionsD:Writing helps you refine and enrich your ideas based on feedback fromreaders答案:The discipline of writing will strengthen your skills as a readerand listener;Writing will make you a strong thinker and writing allows you toorganize your thoughts in clear and logical ways;Writing encourages you to seek worthwhile questions;Writing helps you refine and enrich your ideas based on feedback fromreaders第二章测试1. A thesis statement should be one single sentence, including only one idea. ( ）A:对 B:错答案:对2.An essay should include at least three specific details to be well-developed. ( ）A:对 B:错答案:错3.The topic sentence for each body paragraph should be fairly specific becauseeach body paragraph deals with only one of the many things stated in thethesis statement. ( ）A:错 B:对答案:对4.Living with my ex-roommate was unbearable. First, she thought everythingshe owned was the best. Secondly, she possessed numerators filthy habits.Finally, she constantly exhibited immature behavior.Read this paragraph and decide which statement is NOT TRUE? （）。
2020智慧树知道网课《英语学术论文写作》课后章节测试满分答案
第一章测试1【判断题】(5分) Peopledoresearchinordertohaveabetterunderstandingofourworld.A.对B.错2【判断题】(5分)Wedon’tneedtobecreativeinresearchasanyresearchisbasedonevidences.A.错B.对3【判断题】(5分)Goodresearchquestionsareimportantinresearch.A.错B.对4【判断题】(5分) Literaturereviewisneededinsomeresearchpapers.A.对B.错5【判断题】(5分) Agoodresearchpaperneedscarefulrevisingandproofreading.A.错B.对6【判断题】(5分) Unintentionalplagiarismcanbeexcusedasitisnotcommitteddeliberately.A.对B.错7【判断题】(5分) Academicfalsificationisonecommontypeofacademicdishonesty.A.对B.错8【多选题】(5分) Whatroledoesaliteraturereviewplayinaresearchpaper?A.Itenhancesthecredibilityofyourpaper.B.Itprovestheexistenceofaresearchgap.C.Itsynthesizestheexistingstudiesinyourarea.D.Itprovidesevidencesforyourargument.9【单选题】(5分) WhichofthefollowingisNOTanessentialstepinaresearchpaperwriting?A.ChoosingatopicB.ConsultinginstructorsC.LocatingsourcesD.OutliningthePaper10【多选题】(5分) Whichofthefollowingmayleadtoacademicdishonesty?A.AcademicplagiarismB.AcademicpromotionC.AcademicinterestD.Academicfabrication第二章测试1【多选题】(5分)Inchoosingaresearchtopic,whichofthefollowingdoweneedtoconsider?A.PublicationpossibilitiesB.AcademicimportanceC.OurresearchinterestD.Ourmanageability2【判断题】(5分)Tocheckthevalidityofaresearchtopic,weneedtobecriticalenough.A.对B.错3【判断题】(5分) Itisanactofplagiarismifonesimplyparaphrasesabookforaresearchpaper.A.对B.错4【判断题】(5分) StudentsshouldbebraveenoughtotrychallengingissuesfortheirBAtheses.A.对B.错5【判断题】(5分) Carefulreadingofliterarytextisimportantinliterarystudies.A.对B.错6【判断题】(5分) Literarytheoriestakepriorityoverliterarytextsinliteraryanalysis.A.错B.对7【判断题】(5分) ICstudycanbechallengingbutinterestingandpracticalinlife.A.错B.对8【判断题】(5分) Expertssharesimilarunderstandingsoverthestandardsoftranslation.A.错B.对9【判断题】(5分) Translationstrategiesandtranslationtechniquesaredifferentconceptsintranslation.A.对B.错10【判断题】(5分) Sociolinguisticsisoneofthebranchesofappliedlinguistics.A.对B.错第三章测试1【判断题】(5分) Aworkingbibliographyincludesthesourceswehavesofarcollectedforaresearchproject.A.对B.错2【判断题】(5分) Knowingwhatsourcesyouneedisofvitalimportanceinevaluatingyoursources.A.错B.对3【判断题】(5分) Sourcesfromleadingscholarscanbeveryusefultoyourresearch.A.错B.对4【判断题】(5分)Inreadingsources,weneedtobecriticalandformourpersonalresponses.A.对B.错5【判断题】(5分) Theplanforanempiricalresearchshouldcoveritspurpose,method,subjects,andprocedure.A.错B.对6【判断题】(5分) Itiswisefortheobservernottotakepartintheactivityobservedatalltime.A.错B.对7【多选题】(5分)InBooleanLogic,ifonewantstosearchonlyforsourcesrelevantwithcomputervirus,thesearchformul ashouldbe_______.A.computernotvirusB.computernearvirusC.computerorvirusD.computerandvirus8【多选题】(5分) Theannotationofasourceinanannotatedbibliographymayhaveyour____:A.reflectionofthesourceB.adaptationofthesourceC.summaryofthesourceD.assessmentofthesource9【单选题】(5分)Inaquestionnaireentitled“ASurveyontheThirdYearEnglishMajors’EnglishVocabularyinXXUniv ersity”,the“thethirdyearEnglishmajors”shouldbe：A.ThetimeofthesurveyB.ThesubjectofthesurveyC.ThecontentofthesurveyD.Themodeofthesurvey10【单选题】(5分)Inanexperimententitled“AStudyontheEffectsofWriting-after-ReadingActivityonEnglishMajors EnglishVocabulary”,students’languageproficiencyshouldbe:A.IrrelevantvariableB.dependentvariableC.Independentvariable第四章测试1【判断题】(5分)Aresearchproposalshouldbepersuasiveinnature.A.错B.对2【判断题】(5分) Wecanaskforsuggestionsfromtheexpertsforourresearchinourproposal.A.错B.对3【判断题】(5分) Weneedtoputforwardourresearchquestionsinourresearchproposals.A.错B.对4【判断题】(5分) Aresearchproposaldemonstratesthesignificanceofourproposedresearch.A.错B.对5【判断题】(5分) Theliteraturereviewsectioninaproposalprovestheexistenceofaresearchgap.A.对B.错6【判断题】(5分)The“ApplicationoftheResearch”tellshowyourresearchwillbenefitinpractice.A.对B.错7【判断题】(5分)A“PreliminaryBibliography”isalistofthesourcesyouhavecitedinyourproposal.A.错B.对8【判断题】(5分) Thesignificanceofyourresearchemphasizespossibleresearchcontributions.A.对B.错9【判断题】(5分)Simpleasitis,aBAthesisproposalincludesalltheelementsinagrantresearchproposal.A.错B.对10【多选题】(5分)WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthree-moveschemeoftheproposalsummary?A.researchneedB.potentialcontributionsC.possiblelimitationsD.researchmethod第五章测试1【判断题】(5分) Theuseofsignalphrasesincitationcanenhancethefluencyofwriting.A.对B.错2【判断题】(5分) Theintegrationofthesourcesmustfitourwritinginstructureandgrammar.A.错B.对3【判断题】(5分) Researchlimitationisacompulsoryelementinallresearchpapers.A.错B.对4【判断题】(5分) CARSModelisapatternforintroductionwritinginresearchpapers.A.对B.错5【判断题】(5分)Inrevising,weneedtofocusontheerrorslikegrammarandspelling.A.错B.对6【判断题】(5分) Aliteraturereviewmainlypresentsasummaryofeachsourceinchronologicalorder.A.错B.对7【单选题】(5分) Characteristicsofacademicwritingincludesallthefollowingexcept________.A.thefirst-personviewB.aformaltoneC.aclearfocusD.precisewordchoice8【单选题】(5分) Itisessentialtoalwaysacknowledgethesourceofborrowedideasinyourpaper.Todootherwiseisconsi dered_________.A.IgnoranceB.CarelessnessC.Plagiarism9【单选题】(5分)Whichofthefollowingarefeaturesofagoodtitle?A.ClearB.AlloftheaboveC.Attractive.D.Direct10【单选题】(5分)Abstractscanbedividedintotwotypes accordingto their_________.A.functionsB.length第六章测试1【判断题】(5分)MLAin-textcitationrequiresthattheauthorinformationshouldbeputeitherinthetextofthepaperorint heparentheticalcitation.A.错B.对2【判断题】(5分)InMLAdocumentation,parentheticalcitationinthetextofthepapermustalwaysincludetheauthor’sn ameandthework’stitle.A.错B.对3【判断题】(5分)MLAworkscitedlistisorganizedalphabeticallybytheauthor’slastnames(orbytitleforaworkwithnoa uthor).A.错B.对4【判断题】(5分)Whenawork’sauthorisunknown,theworkislistedunder“Anonymous”inthelistofMLAworkscited.A.错B.对5【单选题】(5分)Lee(2007)stated,“Theabilitytothinkcriticallyisneededinthisrevolutionaryageoftechnologicalcha nge”(p.82).Thein-textcitationusedhereis__________.A.integratedB.non-integrated6【多选题】(5分)WhatarethefunctionsofAPAdocumentation?A.Tociteothers’ideasandinformationusedwithinyourpaperB.TodemonstratethetypeofresearchconductedC.ToindicatethesourcesintheReferenceslist7【单选题】(5分)Writethelistofworkscited,usingtheAPAformat.Aparaphraseofanideafrompage121ofWritingSpace:TheComputer;Hypertext,andtheHistoryofWr iting,byJayDavidBolter.This1991bookwaspublishedbyLawrenceErlbaumAssociatesofHillsdale, NewJersey.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectfortheauthor’sname?A.Bolter,J.DB.J.D.BolterC.Jay,D.BolterD.Bolter,JayDavid【单选题】(5分)Writethelistofworkscited,usingtheAPAformat.Aquotationfrompage78ofanarticlebyBartKoskoandSatornIsakafromtheJuly1993issueofScientifi cAmerican,amonthlypublication.Thearticleisentitled"FuzzyLogic"andappearsonpages76to81in volume239,ofthejournal. Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectformatforthevolumeandpagernumber?A.ScientificAmerican,239,78B.ScientificAmerican,239,76-81C.ScientificAmerican,239:76-81D.ScientificAmerican,239,76-81.9【多选题】(5分)Bohren,M.A.,G.J.Hofmeyr,C.Sakala,R.K.Fukuzawa,andA.Cuthbert.(2017).Continuoussupportf orwomenduringchildbirth.CochraneDatabaseofSystematicReviews,2017(7).https:///10.1 002/14651858.CD003766.pub6Errorsmadeinthisentryinclude_________.A.authors’namesB.issuenumberC.theword“and”D.doinumber10【单选题】(5分)Perrey,S.(2017).Doweperformbetterwhenweincreaseredbloodcells?TheLancetHaematology,17, 2352-3026.https:///10.1016/S2352-3026(17)30123-0.RetrievedAugust23,2018.Whatinfo rmationisNOTneededinthisentry?A.ThedateofretrievalB.ThepagerangeC.Thedoinumber。
2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试卷与参考答案
2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)模拟试卷与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Section ARead the following passage and fill in each blank with ONE word that best fits the context. Each blank has four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should read the passage through carefully before making your choices.In the past, a typical student at a university in the United States was a white, middle-class male, usually between the ages of 18 and 22. He entered college directly from high school, majored in a technical subject, and had a clear idea of what he wanted to do after graduation. Now, the typical student is different. Today’s university students are diverse in terms of race, gender, age, and background. They come from all walks of life and bring with them a variety of experiences and perspectives.The diversity of today’s university students is a reflection of the changing society in which they live. The population of the United States is increasingly multicultural, and universities are responding to this trend by becoming more inclusive. This shift in demographics has had a significant impact on the curriculum and the teaching methods used in universities.1.The passage begins by describing the_of a typical student in the past.A) ageB) backgroundC) genderD) major2.The word “he” in the second sentence refers to the _.A) universityB) studentC) teacherD) high school3.According to the passage, today’s university students are _.A) mostly whiteB) of similar ageC) diverseD) all male4.The phrase “all walks of life” in the second paragraph means _.A) different levels of societyB) various interestsC) different jobsD) various backgrounds5.The passage suggests that universities are_in response to the multicultural society.A) becoming exclusiveB) segregating studentsC) adaptingD) resisting change6.The author implies that the curriculum at universities has_due to the demographic changes.A) become more technicalB) become more diverseC) remained the sameD) become more restrictive7.The teaching methods used in universities have_to accommodate the diverse student population.A) changedB) remained unchangedC) become more rigidD) been abandoned8.The passage indicates that the population of the United States is _.A) becoming more homogeneousB) decreasing in sizeC) increasingly multiculturalD) declining9.The author uses the word “trend” to describe the _.A) increasing number of studentsB) growing diversity in societyC) decline of traditional universitiesD) changing demographics10.The author suggests that the shift in demographics has_on universities.A) had no impactB) caused problemsC) had a significant impactD) been unnoticed11.The word “inclusive” in the third paragraph can be best replaced by _.A) exclusiveB) diverseC) variedD) broad12.The author mentions that the diversity of students has led to _.A) a more homogeneous curriculumB) a more diverse curriculumC) a more restrictive curriculumD) a more exclusive curriculum13.The author implies that the teaching methods used in universities are _.A) being updatedB) becoming outdatedC) becoming more standardizedD) becoming more traditional14.The passage indicates that the population of the United States is _.A) becoming more homogeneousB) decreasing in sizeC) increasingly multiculturalD) declining15.The author suggests that the shift in demographics has_on universities.A) had no impactB) caused problemsC) had a significant impactD) been unnoticed16.The author uses the word “trend” to describe the _.A) increasing number of studentsB) growing diversity in societyC) decline of traditional universitiesD) changing demographics17.The passage indicates that the population of the United States is _.A) becoming more homogeneousB) decreasing in sizeC) increasingly multiculturalD) declining18.The author suggests that the shift in demographics has_on universities.A) had no impactB) caused problemsC) had a significant impactD) been unnoticed19.The author uses the word “trend” to describe the _.A) increasing number of studentsB) growing diversity in societyC) decline of traditional universitiesD) changing demographics20.The author implies that the teaching methods used in universities are _.A) being updatedB) becoming outdatedC) becoming more standardizedD) becoming more traditionalAnswers:1.B) background2.B) student3.C) diverse4.D) various backgrounds5.C) adapting6.B) become more diverse7.A) changed8.C) increasingly multicultural9.B) growing diversity in society10.C) had a significant impact11.B) diverse12.B) a more diverse curriculum13.A) being updated14.C) increasingly multicultural15.C) had a significant impact16.B) growing diversity in society17.C) increasingly multicultural18.C) had a significant impact19.B) growing diversity in society20.A) being updated二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）第一题Passage:The digital age has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate, work, and live. With the advent of the internet, social media, andvarious digital devices, our lives have become more connected than ever before. However, this digital revolution has also raised concerns about the impact it has on our mental health. One of the most prevalent issues is the rise in social isolation and loneliness, particularly among young adults.A recent study conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health found that young adults are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to previous generations. The study attributes this to the excessive use of digital devices and social media, which can lead to a lack of face-to-face interaction and a decline in social skills. According to the study, young adults who spend more time on social media are more likely to report feelings of loneliness and social isolation.The study also highlights the negative effects of social isolation on mental health. Social isolation has been linked to an increased risk of depression, anxiety, and even cardiovascular disease. Moreover, individuals who feel socially isolated may experience a decline in their overall well-being and quality of life.To address these concerns, experts recommend several strategies to mitigate the negative effects of social isolation in the digital age. Firstly, they emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy balance between digital and face-to-face interactions. This means reducing the amount of time spent on digital devices and making an effort to engage in real-life social activities. Secondly, experts suggest that individuals should be more mindful of theironline behavior and avoid excessive use of social media, especially during stressful or challenging times. Lastly, building a strong support network of friends, family, and community can help combat feelings of social isolation.The digital age has undoubtedly brought numerous benefits, but it is crucial to be aware of the potential negative effects it can have on our mental health. By adopting healthy habits and being proactive in fostering social connections, we can better navigate this digital landscape and maintain our mentalwell-being.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of the digital ageB. The negative effects of social isolationC. The role of social media in mental healthD. The importance of maintaining a healthy balance between digital and face-to-face interactions2、According to the passage, what is the primary cause of the rise in social isolation and loneliness among young adults?A. Excessive use of digital devices and social mediaB. The decline in social skillsC. The negative effects of social isolation on mental healthD. A lack of face-to-face interaction3、What are the negative effects of social isolation on mental health,according to the passage?A. Increased risk of depression and anxietyB. A decline in overall well-being and quality of lifeC. Cardiovascular diseaseD. All of the above4、What strategies are recommended by experts to mitigate the negative effects of social isolation in the digital age?A. Reducing the amount of time spent on digital devicesB. Engaging in real-life social activitiesC. Being more mindful of online behaviorD. Building a strong support networkE. All of the above5、What is the main message of the passage?A. The digital age has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate, work, and live.B. Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent issues in the digital age.C. The negative effects of social isolation on mental health are significant.D. By adopting healthy habits and fostering social connections, we can maintain our mental well-being.Answers:1、B2、A3、D4、E5、D第二题Reading PassageThe following passage is followed by some questions. For each question, four answers are given. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question.In the 19th century, the development of the steam engine and the expansion of the railway network revolutionized transportation and industry. The steam engine, invented by James Watt in the late 18th century, provided a powerful source of energy that could be harnessed to drive machinery and power locomotives. This innovation led to the Industrial Revolution, which transformed societies and economies across the world.The steam engine was a remarkable piece of engineering, as it converted heat energy into mechanical work. The engine worked by using steam pressure to move a piston, which in turn drove the machinery. The invention of the steam engine had a profound impact on various sectors of society, including agriculture, mining, and manufacturing.1.What was the primary innovation of James Watt in the late 18th century?A. The steam engineB. The railway networkC. The steam turbineD. The internal combustion engine2.What was the main purpose of the steam engine?A. To generate electricityB. To power locomotivesC. To heat homesD. To produce steam3.How did the steam engine work?A. By using wind pressure to move a turbineB. By using steam pressure to move a pistonC. By using hydraulic pressure to move a pumpD. By using nuclear energy to create steam4.What was the most significant impact of the steam engine on society?A. It improved agricultural productivityB. It led to the development of new forms of transportationC. It increased the availability of clean waterD. It reduced the need for manual labor5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a sector of society affected by the steam engine?A. AgricultureB. EducationC. MiningD. ManufacturingAnswers:1.A. The steam engine2.B. To power locomotives3.B. By using steam pressure to move a piston4.B. It led to the development of new forms of transportation5.B. EducationThird Question: Traditional Reading ComprehensionReading Passage:In the heart of the Amazon rainforest, scientists have discovered a previously unknown species of frog, which they have named “Callimico mexicanus.” This frog, with its iridescent green skin and distinctive call, has been a mystery to biologists for decades. The discovery of this species has sparkeda new wave of research into the biodiversity of the Amazon and the potential impact of climate change on its delicate ecosystem.The Amazon rainforest is one of the most complex and diverse ecosystems on Earth, home to thousands of plant and animal species. However, human activities, such as deforestation and pollution, have put immense pressure on this vital ecosystem. The new species of frog, with its unique characteristics, could provide valuable insights into the health of the Amazon’s biodiversity.1.The main purpose of this passage is to:a) Describe the discovery of a new species of frog.b) Discuss the impact of climate change on the Amazon rainforest.c) Analyze the biodiversity of the Amazon rainforest.d) Explain the role of humans in the conservation of the Amazon rainforest.2.The word “iridescent” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:a) Transparentb) Varying in colorc) Hardd) Smaller3.The author mentions “thousands of plant and animal species” to:a) Emphasize the diversity of the Amazon rainforest.b) Highlight the new species of frog.c) Criticize the impact of human activities on the Amazon.d) Compare the Amazon rainforest to other ecosystems.4.It can be inferred from the passage that:a) The new species of frog is the most diverse species in the Amazon.b) The discovery of the new species has led to a significant reduction in deforestation.c) Scientists are studying the new species to understand the effects of climate change.d) The Amazon rainforest is not as important as other ecosystems.5.The author’s tone throughout the passage can be described as:a) Skepticalb) Excitedc) Boredd) IndifferentAnswers:1.b2.b3.a4.c5.b第四题Reading PassageIn the world of science, the greatest discoveries often come from unexpected sources. The case of the discovery of penicillin is no exception. This remarkable story begins with a curious incident involving a moldy bread and the observations of a young Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming.One day, Alexander Fleming returned to his laboratory after a holiday, only to find that one of his cultures had become contaminated with a strange mold. Rather than discarding the culture, he decided to examine it further. He noticed that the mold was killing the bacteria in the culture. Intrigued, Fleming began to study the mold and its properties. He discovered that it produced a substance that had antibacterial properties. This substance, which he named penicillin, was the first antibiotic and would revolutionize the treatment of bacterial infections.1、What is the main topic of the reading passage?A、The discovery of penicillinB、The importance of scientific observationC、The history of antibioticsD、The life of Alexander Fleming2、Why did Alexander Fleming decide to examine the moldy bread culture?A、He wanted to discard it.B、He was interested in the mold’s antibacterial properties.C、He was on a holiday.D、He didn’t care about the contamination.3、What did Alexander Fleming discover about the mold?A、It was killing the bacteria in the culture.B、It was a common type of mold.C、It was the cause of the contamination.D、It was beneficial for bacterial growth.4、What is the significance of the discovery of penicillin?A、It showed that mold can kill bacteria.B、It helped to improve the quality of bread.C、It led to the development of new antibiotics.D、It helped to prevent contamination in laboratories.5、What is the name of the substance that Fleming named after discovering its antibacterial properties?A、MoldB、BacteriaC、PenicillinD、Antibiotic答案：1、A2、B3、A4、D5、C三、阅读理解新题型（10分）PassageThe rise of the Internet has dramatically transformed the way people communicate and access information. One of the most significant changes brought about by the Internet is the emergence of online social networks. These networks allow individuals to connect with others, share information, and collaborate on various projects. However, this transformation has also raised concerns about the impact on face-to-face interactions and the potential risks associated with online communication.Online social networks offer numerous benefits. They provide a platform for people to maintain and strengthen existing relationships, as well as toestablish new connections with like-minded individuals. Moreover, these networks enable users to access a wealth of information, resources, and opportunities. For instance, students can join online study groups, professionals can network with peers in their field, and job seekers can find employment opportunities.Despite these benefits, there are potential drawbacks to online social networks. One major concern is the decline in face-to-face interactions. As people become more reliant on digital communication, they may find themselves less inclined to engage in face-to-face conversations, which can hinder the development of interpersonal skills. Additionally, online social networks can expose individuals to various risks, such as cyberbullying, privacy breaches, and identity theft.Online social networks also have the potential to impact mental health. Excessive use of these networks can lead to social isolation, anxiety, and depression. The constant comparison with others’ seemingly perfect lives on social media can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Furthermore, the rapid spread of false information and misinformation on these platforms can contribute to confusion, polarization, and even violence in society.In order to mitigate the potential negative impacts of online social networks, it is essential to strike a balance between digital and face-to-face interactions. Individuals should be encouraged to maintain and nurture their relationships both online and offline. Additionally, efforts should be made toeducate users about the risks associated with online communication and to promote responsible use of social media platforms.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of online social networksB. The risks associated with online social networksC. The impact of online social networks on mental healthD. The balance between digital and face-to-face interactions2.According to the passage, which of the following is a potential benefit of online social networks?A. Decrease in face-to-face interactionsB. Improved access to information and resourcesC. Increased risk of cyberbullyingD. Decline in mental health3.What is one concern raised by the passage regarding the decline in face-to-face interactions?A. The loss of interpersonal skillsB. The reduction in access to informationC. The increase in social isolationD. The enhancement of privacy4.How can individuals mitigate the potential negative impacts of online social networks?A. By reducing their usage of social media platformsB. By maintaining and nurturing their relationships both online and offlineC. By avoiding online communication altogetherD. By seeking professional help for mental health issues5.What is the author’s main suggestion to address the risks associated with online social networks?A. To ban the use of social media platformsB. To promote responsible use of social mediaC. To encourage face-to-face interactions onlyD. To limit access to social media for young peopleAnswers:1.B2.B3.A4.B5.B四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题中文：“随着互联网的普及，网络信息已经成为人们获取知识、学习新技能的重要途径。
流行病学题库实习指导答案
流行病学题库实习指导答案实习一疾病频率测量的常用指标五练习题（一）名词解释：答案见课本P16-22 （二）单选题1 B2 B3 E4 C5 B（三）论述题：答案见课本P17-18实习二疾病分布五练习题（一）名词解释：答案见课本P16-22 （二）单选题1 B2 C（三）多选题1 ABD2 ABD3 ABDE4 ABCD5 BCDE（四）论述题：1. 答案见课本P262. 答案见课本P33-343. 答案见课本P35-364. 答案见课本P28实习三现况研究课题一问题：现况研究是描述性研究中的一种，此研究属于现况研究中的抽样调查，常用的抽样方法主要有单纯随机抽样、系统抽样、分层抽样、整群抽样和分级抽样。
本次调查的目的是了解该城区居民慢性非传染性疾病的患病情况。
课题二问题1：本次调查属于现况研究中的普查，是一种描述性研究。
问题2：普查的优点普查能掌握疾病的分布情况，明确流行特征和相关的流行因素，提供病因线索。
可普及医学科学知识教育，可发现人群中的全部病例，有利管理和治疗。
普查的缺点由于工作量大，常出现漏查调查对象，工作不易深入细致，不适合患病率很低的疾病，成本高，只能获得患病率的资料。
主要用途①早期发现病人；②了解疾病分布；③了解人群健康水平；④建立某生理指标的正常值。
课题三发病率与患病率的区别：①发病率分子为新发病例；患病率分子为调查时所有新旧病例；②应用范围：发病率应用广，既适用于病程短的疾病，也适用于病程长的慢性病。
现况研究调查的是某一时点的是否患病的情况，不能得到发病率资料，不能计算发病率。
本研究中该城区超重和肥胖的患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势。
课题四问题1：性别年龄别分布特点：糖尿病的年龄别患病率均随年龄增长而上升, 30 岁以上人群的糖尿病患病率明显增高。
在45 岁以前,男性糖尿病的患病率明显高于女性, 而45 岁以上女性糖尿病的患病率上升较快,60～65 岁期间达到高峰。
地区分布特点：农村的患病率均明显低于城市,这可能与农民主要从事体力活动有关,亦可能与城乡饮食结构的差异有关。
生物质材料对水体中染料和其他有机污染物的吸附
文章编号：1672-2019（2009）01-0019-05·综述·生物质材料对水体中染料和其他有机污染物的吸附顾迎春1，郑静2，石碧1（1.四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室，四川成都610065；2.成都信息工程学院图书馆，四川成都610225）摘要：大量研究表明：纤维素基生物质、甲壳素和微生物对水体中染料的吸附容量低于商品活性碳对染料的吸附容量；虽然壳聚糖对一些阴离子型染料有相当大的吸附容量，但由于其性能不稳定，因此难以获得大规模工业应用。
关于生物质对其他有机污染物吸附性能的研究报道相对较少，说明这方面的研究有待于进一步深入和拓展。
废弃皮胶原是一类来源极其丰富的生物质，近年来的研究发现：基于皮胶原研制的新型吸附剂对水体中的阴离子型染料和有机酸能有效去除，有可能在染料和有机废水处理方面得到应用。
关键词：生物质，吸附，染料，有机污染物，皮胶原中图分类号：TQ028文献标识码：Adsorption of dyes and other organic pollutants on biomassmaterials from aqueous solutionsGU Ying-chun 1,ZHENG Jing 2,SHI Bi 1(1.National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;2.Library of Chengdu University of Information andTechnology,Chengdu,610225,China)Abstract ：A large number of researches have indicated that the adsorption capacities of dyes on cellulose-based biomass,chitin and microbe were lower than those on commercial activated carbons from aqueous solutions.Al －though the adsorption capacities of some anionic dyes on chitosan were great considerably,the properties of chitosan were not stable enough to acquire the industrial application on large scale.The relatively fewer reports illustrate that there should be more profound and extended research concerned with the adsorption characteristics of other organic pollutants on biomass.Waste hide collagen is a type of very abundant biomass.The recent investigation has found that a novel adsorbent based on hide collagen had the effective removal of anionic dyes and organic acids from aqueous solutions and might have the potential usefulness on the treatment of dye and organic wastewater.Key words ：biomass,adsorption,dyes,organic pollutions,hide collagen收稿日期：2008-12-07*基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题（No.2006BAC02A09）；四川省重点科学与技术研究项目(04SG012-009)；四川大学青年科学基金(200452)[通讯作者]石碧，E-mail:shibi@ or sibitannin@ ，Tel:(028)85405508第17卷第1期中国医学工程Vol.17No.12009年3月China Medical EngineeringMar.2009对水体中染料和其他有机污染物吸附性能的研究的主要目的是对染料和有机废水进行脱色和净化处理。
英语拔高试题及答案
英语拔高试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the decline in the number of honeybees?A) The use of pesticides in agriculture.B) The destruction of their natural habitats.C) The spread of a disease affecting bees.D) The impact of climate change.2. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem of declining bee populations?A) Banning the use of certain pesticides.B) Planting more flowers to provide food for bees.C) Encouraging the growth of wild habitats.D) All of the above.3. What is the role of bees in the ecosystem according to the text?A) They are the primary pollinators of many plants.B) They are responsible for the spread of diseases.C) They compete with other insects for food.D) They are a major food source for other animals.4. What is the significance of the study mentioned in the passage?A) It provides evidence of the long-term effects of pesticides on bees.B) It identifies a new disease affecting bee populations.C) It quantifies the economic impact of bees on agriculture.D) It shows a direct link between habitat loss and bee decline.5. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of honeybees?A) The situation is improving due to recent conservation efforts.B) The decline is expected to continue without significant intervention.C) The bees are adapting to the changes in their environment.D) There is no immediate threat to their survival.二、完形填空（共15分，每题3分）[文章略]6. The word "catastrophic" in the first sentence is closest in meaning to:A) PredictableB) DevastatingC) InevitableD) Minor7. The author suggests that the decline in bee populations is primarily due to:A) Natural causesB) Human activitiesC) Uncontrollable factorsD) Unforeseen events8. The term "pollination" refers to the process of:A) Plant growthB) Seed dispersalC) FloweringD) Transfer of pollen from one plant to another9. The passage implies that bees are important because they:A) Are a source of honeyB) Contribute to the food chainC) Help in the reproduction of plantsD) Are a symbol of nature10. The author's tone throughout the passage can be best described as:A) OptimisticB) AlarmistC) NeutralD) Pessimistic三、翻译（共15分，每题5分）11. 将以下句子从英语翻译成中文："The alarming decline in bee populations has sparked a global concern."12. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英语："蜜蜂数量的惊人下降引起了全球的关注。
如何预防近视呀英语作文
如何预防近视呀英语作文英文：As a student who has been struggling with myopia for years, I have been actively seeking ways to prevent it from worsening. Here are some effective methods that I have found helpful in preventing myopia.First and foremost, it is crucial to take regular breaks from screens and books. As a student, I spend a significant amount of time studying and using electronic devices. However, I have learned that taking short breaks every 30 minutes can greatly reduce eye strain and prevent myopia. During these breaks, I like to go for a short walk, do some eye exercises, or simply look into the distance to relax my eyes.In addition to taking regular breaks, I have also found that maintaining a balanced diet and getting enough outdoor activities are essential in preventing myopia. Foods richin vitamins A, C, and E, as well as omega-3 fatty acids, are beneficial for eye health. Therefore, I make sure to include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and fish in my diet. Furthermore, spending time outdoors, especially in natural sunlight, has been proven to reduce the risk of myopia. Therefore, I try to spend at least 2 hours outdoors every day, whether it's for sports, walking, or simply enjoying nature.Moreover, I have also made it a habit to maintain good posture and proper lighting when studying or using electronic devices. Sitting up straight and positioning the screen at eye level can prevent unnecessary strain on the eyes. Additionally, ensuring that the room is well-lit can also help reduce eye fatigue and prevent myopia.In conclusion, preventing myopia requires a combination of good habits, such as taking regular breaks, maintaining a balanced diet, getting enough outdoor activities, and practicing proper posture and lighting. By incorporating these methods into my daily routine, I have seen a significant improvement in my eye health and a reduction inmyopia progression.中文：作为一个多年来一直在与近视作斗争的学生，我一直在积极寻找方法来防止近视恶化。
你在大学里最珍惜的资源英语作文
你在大学里最珍惜的资源英语作文The Most Precious Thing at UniversityWhen I think about going to university one day, I get really excited! I can't wait to live in the dorms, eat crazy late-night snacks, and stay up way past my bedtime. But most of all, I'm looking forward to learning a ton of new things from the greatest resource of all - the professors!You see, professors are like superhero teachers. They have spent their whole lives studying really hard subjects and becoming experts. That's why they get to be called "Professor" - because they are true professors of their fields. How cool is that?At university, you get to learn directly from these professor superheroes. In elementary school, we learned the basics like reading, writing, and arithmetic. But professors take that learning to the next level with advanced classes on every topic you can imagine.Maybe you want to study dinosaurs and dig for ancient bones. Well, there are paleontology professors for that! Or if you're really into stars and planets, there are astronomy professors who can teach you all about the cosmos. Literally ANY subject your heart desires, there is a professor superhero for it.And these aren't just regular teachers either. Professors are constantly discovering brand new things through their tireless research. So when you learn from them, you are getting the latest and greatest knowledge fresh from the source. It's like getting the new video game on release day instead of waiting months later.But why stop at just taking their classes? The truly awesome part is that you can actually work one-on-one with professors as their assistant! It's like being the trusty sidekick to their superhero. You get to help them on their latest earth-shattering research while they mentor you along the way. Talk about a sweet gig!I dream of the day when I can roll up to a professor's office, shake their hand firmly, and ask to join their latest project. Then I'll put on my mini lab coat and safety goggles to help make the next big breakthrough. Who knows? If I play my cards right, I could get a souvenir autograph from the professor at the end!For example, my older cousin is taking an economics class now. At first, he thought it would be a huge snoozefest. But his professor showed him how economics impacts everything from video game pricing to NFL team salaries. Suddenly, economics became a lot more intriguing!That's the magic of university - the professors can renovate your brain to get excited about literally any subject through their passion and wisdom. And with thousands of professors under one roof, you'll be swimming in an ocean of mind-expanding opportunities.Honestly, I can't wait to soak up as much knowledge as I can from these real-life superhero professors. I have a lot of growing up to do before then, but it will be worth every second of the wait. Eating all my vegetables, getting good grades, and staying out of trouble is going to get me to professor superhero land!University is still years away, but I'm already daydreaming about which professors I'll want to be mentored by. Will it be the paleontologist for my dinosaur obsession? The astro-professor to feed my cosmic curiosities? Or maybe the biochemistry professor if I decide to cook up some crazy concoctions in their labs? Whichever ones I choose, I know they will change my life forever.The professors are absolutely the most precious resource that university has to offer. They are the gatekeepers of knowledge, the guardians of wisdom, and the suppliers of invaluable mentorship. I can't wait to be their wide-eyed sidekick, fighting for truth and enlightenment alongside the daringprofessors of academia! University, here I come - hopefully in just a decade or so!。
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ABSTRACT. Forsgren, L., Sidenvall, R . , Blomquist, H. Kson and Heijbel, J. (Departments of Neurology and Paediatrics, University Hospital, Umei, Sweden). A prospective incidence study of febrile convulsions. Acta Paediatr Scand 79: 550,1990. A prospective epidemiologicalstudy of febrile convulsions (FC) was performed during a 20-month period. 128 children with FCs were identified. The annual first attendance rate and annual incidence rate were 500/100000 and 460/100 000 respectively, in the age group 0-4 years. The cumulative incidence was 4.1 %. FCs were more common among boys, with a male to female ratio of 1.72 to 1. The median and mean age for first FC was for boys 16 and 19.9 months respectively, and for girls 18 and 19.7 months respectively. During an average follow-up period of 20 months, 18% had another FC and 10 I had two or more FCs. 8.6 % had an initial complicated FC. Four children had FCs within two weeks after being vaccinated by combined vaccine against morbilli, rubella and parotitis. Three of these had earlier had an FC. Key words; febrile convulsion,epidemiology, incidence,prospective, age-distribution, sex-distribution.
பைடு நூலகம்
Acta Paediatr Scand 79
Prospective incidence study of febrile convulsions 55 1
divided into three districts, each with one hospital. Two of the hospitals have departments of paediatrics and one hospital has a paediatric out-patient clinic. Throughout the county, even in the sparsely populated areas, there are local health stations, staffed with one or more general practitioners and district-nurses. Definitions. All children below the age of 5 who developed their first seizure, focal or generalized, during a febrile illness were considered to have FCs. Children who had a FC before the investigation period, but whose parents did not contact the medical community until the child had a second FC, are also included if the second FC occurred during the investigation period. Children who had earlier had one or several afebrile seizures and children with signs of cerebral infection or intoxication, were excluded. A febrile convulsion was considered as complicated if ( a )the duration of the convulsion was 30 min or longer; or (6) if there were focal (partial) components of the convulsion; or (c) if there were postictal phenomena which either indicated a focal seizure (e.g. Todd’s paralysis) or a more symmetrical affection of the central nervous system (e.g. cerebellar ataxia); or (d)if there were repeated convulsions during the 24 hours following the first FC. Incidence was defined as the number of cases with a first FC during the study period per 1OOOOO individuals at risk per year. The first attendance rate was defined as the number of new cases with FC diagnosed (includes incident cases and cases with first convulsions prior to the study period but who were first diagnosed during study period) per 100000 individuals at risk per year. Since the period of investigation was 20 months, there were 4 months that only occurred once during the period. Therefore, a rate of first FC for each month was calculated by dividing the number of children registered during a particular month with the total days of that month studied. Sources. All district nurses in the county and all physicians who were anticipated to come into contact with seizures in the area studied, were requested to report or refer all patients, in all age groups, with a newly diagnosed or suspected seizure disorder. It was explicitly stated that this also included children with FCs. This information as well as a brief background and the reasons for performing the study were given in a letter two weeks before the start of the study and every fourth month during the study period. Additional oral information was given in lectures or in personal contacts with paediatricians, internists, neurologists and general practitioners. Another source for identification of cases was the only neurophysiological laboratory in the county where all EEGs from the whole county are evaluated. Approximately 2500 EEG investigations are carried out yearly on 2 200-2 300 different persons. The EEG files were evaluated for all individuals, where the indication for performing an EEG had been classified by the neurophysiologist as due to seizure or suspicion of seizure. Further, a random sample of the EEGs of 2 15 persons who had not been so classified was also evaluated. Altogether, EEG files for 1250 individuals were evaluated, which accounts for 1/3 of the EEGs performed during the period of investigation. All children reported were examined by specialists in paediatrics, trained in neurology. Statistics. Data were analysed with the x2 test (with Yates’ correction). Difference in mean age between boys with simple and complicated FCs was estimated with the Mann-Whitney Utest.