初中七年级英语语法专项 词性和句子成分(下)导学案

导学案
定语（attribute）定语是修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子。

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之前；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之后。

作定语的有名词、形容词、数词、分词及其短语、不等式及其短语、介词短语以及定语从句等。

用（）标出下列句子的定语，分析什么做了定语并写在括号内。

1.It’s a red car.( )
2.My brother is a teacher.( )
3.Mother made a birthday cake for me.( )
4.He is the one under the tree. ( )
5.The swimming boy is my brother. ( )
6.Do you have anything to say? ( )
7.This is the very book that I need. （）
状语（adverbial）状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词等
的句子成分。

状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等。

作状语的有副词、介词短语、动词不定式、状语从句等。

用[ ]标出以下句子的状语，分析什么做了状语并写在括号内。

1. He did badly in the English exam.( )
2. He always thought I was popular at school. ( )
3. We saw that picture at the cinema. ( )
4. They did everything they could to save the boy’s life. ( )
5. Luckily, I found an interesting job. ( )
6. While my mom was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. ( )
7. He was angry because we were late.( )
8. If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go out. ( )
补语（complement）补语是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份或特征、动作或状态。

例句：We considered him a hero. 宾补
同位语(appositive) 同位语是位于名词或代词后面的个别名词或名词词组，对前者进行补充说明例句：The Great Wall, one of the wonders in the world, attracts a large number of foreign friends. Summary
划分句子成分口诀:
主谓宾表定状补，解释说明同位语。

句子主干主谓宾（表），辅助成分定状补。

定语要修饰名词，状修动词还形副。

主谓人称数一致，宾语之后常有补。

当堂检测写出划线部分的句子成分。

1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.
2. Her garden is the best in our town.
3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.
4. I like this book very much.
5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.
6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.
7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.
8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.
9.His name is Paul.10. It sounds good.。