四级作文范文及点评

六篇作文范文及点评

1. Directions：For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a

composition on the topic Is Outer Space Worth Exploring? You should write no less than 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1.有的人认为有必要进行空间探索

2.有的人认为空间探索不值得

3.我的看法

范文

Almost everyday we may see something in the newspaper or TV about the latest exciting developments in space exploration. There is an immense pride in our science and technology and a sense of its importance for the welfare of mankind.

Not everyone, however, shares this feeling. Ever since space research began, it has been criticized as a huge waste of money and other resources which might be used to help to relieve the suffering of the earth's starving millions. It has been also felt that the space program might lead to the development of space weapons which, in case of war, may cause the total destruction of earth. Despite these disadvantages and potential dangers, the advantages are far greater. We have already succeeded in using satellites for communications, weather forecast and oil exploration, and with further space research, more problems we are having now can be solved. For instance, with the success of space shuttles and the feasibility of living in other planets, we may solve the population problem on earth. Space projects will also enable us to find new sources of energy to solve the energy problem and discover new chemical elements to cure presently incurable diseases.

Space exploration contributes not only to the improvement of the quality of human life, but also to our understanding of the interdependence of all beings; and therefore, of the need to take better care of each other.

讲评

太空探索一直是一个有争议的问题。写这种议论型文章，作者的态度一定要鲜明，或赞成或反对，不能含糊不清。文章结构的安排和措词的考虑同作者的观点或态度密切相关。一般说来，如正文要叙述反对的观点和赞成的观点，往往是先说作者不同意的反对意见，然后在承上启下的过渡句后，才说作者自己的观点。这样安排符合人们先“破”后立的思维规律，又能顺利地过渡到最后一段，因为最后一段往往是作者承上一段最后几句的意思，从更高的层次上指明意义。这篇文章就是按这一结构布局的，因此中心突出，观点鲜明。

在措词上，作者也十分讲究。如作者在叙述对方的观点时，尽量用抽象笼统的词。例如用“It has been criticized …”“It has been also felt …”，这些泛指笼统的说法；用“might be used”、“might lead to”、“may cause”这类不确定的语气来冲淡对方的论说。而在阐述自己的观点时，则用很具体的语言和肯定的语气。措词最能反映作者的态度，是肯定，否定，还是中立等等。同样一个“便宜”，用inexpensive或cheap表明作者两种立场态度。例如，比较下面一组句子，不难看到a)是肯定的，至少是中立的，而b)是批评的，或至少是否定的。而这两种态度仅仅是通过几个词反映出来的：

a) The sales of vitamin C, helped by reports from health food enthusiasts and doctors, have doubled in the past five years.

b) The sales of vitamin C, helped by the claims of health food faddists and some doctors, have doubled in the past five years.

reports是和科学实验连在一起的，而claims有一种没有根据声称的感觉；enthusiasts有热情倡导者的意思，faddists给人感觉是没有头脑的狂热者；some 加不加更大不一样，用了some后，表示只是一部分医生的看法，而没有some，就没有这个意思。可见措词非常重要。

在用词变化上，作者也注意避免简单重复，千篇一律。例如“太空探索”是在文章中肯定要多次出现的词，作者用space exploration, space projects, space research, the space program, the exploration of outer space等不断变换。

文章中的名词化运用也较多，这种抽象化的表达是和文章叙述太空高精尖技术一致的：

S⑵There is an immense pride in …(=We are very proud of …)

S⑵… and a sense of its importance (=We sense the importance …)

S⑷ it has been criticized as a huge waste of money (=it has been criticized to waste a lot of money)

S⑸… might lead to the development of … (= … might cause space weapons to develop)

S⑸… may cause the total destruction of (= … may totally destroy …)

S⑻ With the success of space shuttles and the feasibility of living in other planets, …(As space shuttles become successful and living in other planets will be feasible, …)

S⑽… contributes not only to the improvement of … but also to our understanding of … (= … help not only to improve … but also to understand …)

2. Directions：For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Growth of College Athletics. Your composition should be no less than 150 words and based on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1.大学里体育活动的现状

2.开展大学体育活动的重要性

3.结论

范文

In recent years there has been a big growth in the area of college