剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)阅读真题3
BEC第三辑test3真题（试题仅阅读部分）及参考答案
这是我根据文库里的一份资料单独整理出来的BEC第三辑TEST3，可能又不完整及缺漏之处，望大家能够理解。
谢谢! PART 11 This businessman has successfully targeted a different group of consumers.2 With careful forward planning, this businessman is helping the company survive a difficult period.3 The company is now more open to change because of this businessman's way of thinking.4 This businessman has made and implemented certain decisions despite opposition to them.5 This businessman has achieved some success by misleading people about his intentions.6 The abilities of this businessman were previously doubted by the company that employs him.7 This businessman is admired for his ability to manage a number of business interests.'Businessman of the Year' AwardA :James King: Chief Executive of Fentons FinanceKing was nominated for the quality of his leadership, with the judges claiming that the Fentons Finance boss is almost revered by his team. He is credited with reinventing Fentons Finance - revitalising its culture of inflexibility, removing outdated pre-merger barriers and playing a brilliant tactical game. He led everyone to believe he was opposed to large mergers and then jumped on the Westcombe Bank opportunity at just the right moment. History will be the judge, but for now the markets consider King to be a star.B Keith Nash: Chief Executive of Hamley's SupermarketsNash took over as CEO when Hamley's systems and distribution were out of date and the brand badly needed freshening up. He began refocusing the brand at the higher quality end of the food market and launched several own-brand initiatives for the health conscious. As a result, the share price has gone up nearly 80 per cent. This should be extremely satisfying for Nash, who had left the retailer in 1986, disappointed after failing to secure the top job.C Jorge Marquez: Chairman of the Kenwick GroupMarquez was a popular choice for his achievements at Kenwick. The judges say he has been courageous in pushing through the appointment of controversial or inexperienced chief executives to companies within the group, and then sponsoring them as they transformed their businesses. He operates as a 'virtual' chairman, without a permanent office in any one company. He phones his CEOs regularly, and several of them have acknowledged the vital contribution he makes to their effectiveness. Everyone is impressed at how he also finds the time to be chairman of two other large companies.D Richard Jenkins: Finance Director of Centron AdvertisingLabouring in the shadow of a high-profile boss can sometimes draw attention away from the finance director, and the judges considered it was high time Jenkins got that attention. The CEO may be the public face of Centron, but Jenkins is the one who makes it run smoothly. Behind the scenes, he is constantly demonstrating that budgets and forecasts are what is needed to make a company successful, particularly now that the advertising market has been hit by recession. It is largely thanks to him that Centron is in much better shape than its rivals.Part 2(这个可能分段有错误)Setting up an appraisal schemeAppraisals can be a wonderful opportunity for your staff to focus on their jobs and make plans to develop their unused potential. (0) ..........So, if you have decided that an appraisal scheme should be set up in your company, you need to establish some formal procedures and make some decisions before you begin. Even if your company already has a scheme, you need to consider what you want to achieve and how you are going to do this.First of all, you need to decide on your key objectives and the real purpose of your scheme.(8).............A scheme should never be introduced at a time of redundancies, or simply for profit or competitive edge, because this will create fear and alienate staff. The next step is to decide how the scheme can most successfully be managed. It is essential that all senior staff are committed to the process and willing to make a positive contribution.The person given responsibility for designing the scheme and the appraisal forms needs to have knowledge of all roles within the organisation. He or she must also be aware of employees' potential needs. (9).............It should be someone who is trusted and whom staff will turn to if they are concerned about their appointed appraiser or the appraisal interview. The design of the scheme should indicate who will be appraising whom. This needs great tact and sensitivity. First, remember that no manager can effectively appraise more than seven or eight people. It is equally important to remember that, if significant numbers of staff are appraised by someone they dislike, or by a person whose values they do not share, the success of your scheme may be threatened.(10) ............. So bear this in mind from the beginning and, if necessary, establish anappeals procedure.Having decided on your policy and who will appraise which members of staff, you need to communicate this in the simplest possible way. Avoid lengthy documents - few people will read them. (11).............Most organisations choose a person's line manager to be the appraiser. This can be seen as an opportunity or a threat, so be ready to consider alternatives if necessary.Once you have established the appraisal process, make sure that appraisal interviews take place at a convenient time, and ideally on neutral ground. It should be borne in mind that some appraisals may involve the disclosure of confidential information. (12) .............These will show the decisions that were taken during the interview and will also indicate any new performance targets that have been agreed.A It is important to select a manager who can deal effectively with any suspicions staff may have about appraisals.B Such a measure can also reduce insecurity and unite staff in recognising the positive elements of appraisal.C Having even one staff member in such a position may affect how others respond to the process.D Ideally, this should be to provide a supportive framework that aids staff development.E Simply make sure that staff know who will appraise them and why, and what form the interview will take.F It is therefore important to decide who will have access to written records of the appraisal.G They can also be a means of getting the best out of staff, both as individuals, and as team members.PART 3(这个可能分段也有错误)SHEER GENIUS - OR A WASTE OF TIME?Encourage your original thinkers and live with their strange habits, says Alan Worthin. If one of your research staff announced that he had worked out a way to propel a vehicle on a cushion of air, would you tell him to concentrate on something practical, or suggest taking it further? If a member of your development team asked if she could come in late because she had her best ideas at 3 am would you insist that she is in the office at 9 am like everyone else?Current business wisdom is that companies need creative, innovative people to beat competitors. The reality is that companies have always needed new ideas to survive and progress, but in the past they weren't particularly good at encouraging the people who produced them.Original thinkers don't always fit easily into the framework of an organisation. However, the advice from managing director, John Serrano is, 'Get rid of the dull people and encourage the unusual ones'. Essentially, he believes that companies need to learn how to manage their original thinkers in order to ensure that the business profits from their contribution. He also says, 'Original thinkers often find it difficult to drive change within the organisation, so they resign, feeling angry and disappointed. It is essential to avoid this.''You can't recognise original thinkers by the way they look,' says Ian Freeman. An apparently ordinary exterior can conceal a very creative thinker.' His consultancy, IBT Personnel, has devised a structured way to identify original thinkers. 'We define employees as champions, free-wheelers, bystanders and weak links, and most original thinkers come into the category of free-wheelers. They may miss deadlines if they become involved in something more interesting. They are passionate and highly motivated but have li ttle or no understanding of business directions and systems.'Headhunter George Solomon also thinks original thinkers have their disadvantages. 'They may have a bad influence within an organisation, especially given the current management trend for working in teams. The original thinkers themselves may be unaware of any problem, but having them around can be disruptive to colleagues. who have to be allowed to point out when they are being driven crazy by the original thinkers' behaviour.' Yet, in his opinion, the 'dream team' in any creative organisation consists of a balanced mixture of original thinkers and more practical, .realistic people.So, having identified your original thinkers, how do you handle them? One well-known computer games company has a very inventive approach. 'We encourage our games designers by creating an informal working environment,' says director Lorna Marsh. 'A company cannot punish risk-takers if it wants to encourage creativity. Management has to provide support, coaching and advice - and take the risk that new ideas may not work. Our people have flexible working hours and often make no clear distinction between their jobs and their home lives.'Original thinkers may fit into the culture of 21st century organisations, but more traditionalorganisations may have to change their approach. Business psychologist Jean Row believes that the first step is to check that original thinkers are worth the effort. 'Are the benefits they bring worth the confusion they cause? If so, give them what they want, allow plenty of space, but set clear limits. Give them extremely demanding targets. If they fail to meet them, then the game is up.But if they succeed, your organisation stands only to gain.'13 It is important for a company to encourage original thinkers because_____A this allows it to promote innovative products.B this enables it to stay ahead of its rivals.C they are very flexible about their working hours.D their talents are ideally suited to the market.14 John Serrano thinks that original thinkers should be_____A helped to develop better people management skills.B asked to manage change within the organisation.C supported so they can perform well for the company.D encouraged to follow company procedures.15 What does Ian Freeman say about original thinkers?A They are unenthusiastic and poorly motivated.B Their work standards are impossibly high.C Their abilities are hard to recognise.D They lack awareness of commercial processes.16 What problems can be observed when there are original thinkers in the workforce?A They may have a negative effect on other workers.B They dislike the concept of teamwork.C They rush tasks through to completion.D They cannot work with less creative colleagues.17 In what way is the games company's approach to original thinkers special?A It allows them to work from home whenever they wish.B It uses different forms of disciplinary action for them.C It promotes a relaxed atmosphere in the workplace.D It encourages them to reduce the risks that they take.18 A traditional organisation wishing to employ original thinkers needs to _____A provide them with projects they are interested in.B assess whether their contribution makes up for any problems.C have a flexible approach if goals are not always achieved.D be prepared to handle any negative feedback from colleagues.PART 4Who Benefits Most from Company Training?According to recent research, the better educated and the higher up the socio.economic scale you are, the more likely you are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, the more likely you are to then turn (19) the offer, pleading family and personal commitments or (20) of work. Less qualified staff, on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, but are more eager to (21) them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are three times morelikely to accept training when it is offered.In the majority of companies, more (22) are allocated to management training than to other areas. Employers (23) their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they pay them accordingly and invest more in them in (24) of training. This is (25) by the fact that organisations are dependent on properly (26) managers making the right decisions. But this (27) may mean that companies are (28) other parts of the workforce down.The researchers found a growing demand for training among the lower-skilled.Unfortunately this demand is not being (29)by employers, even though there are strong indications that companies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30) between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was still widespread endorsement of training.For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31) of planned instruction or tuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. It therefore included a wide variety of approaches. On-the-job and classroom training (32) to be used equally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing a certain procedure and then practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employee. While many felt that learning from colleagues was best,very few (33) the internet as an effective way to train.19 A back B over C down D off20 A force B pressure C strain D load21 A pick B keep C take D put22 A means B reserves C finances D resources23 A imagine B regard C suppose D know24 A requirements B specifications C states D terms25 A allowed B approved C justified D accepted26 A understanding B intelligent C informed D knowledgeable27 A stress B emphasis C weight D strength28 A letting B cutting C breaking D setting29 A reached B achieved C gained D met30 A space B gap C hole D room31 A frame B structure C form D order32 A showed B appeared C demonstrated D presented33 A rated B thought C marked D believedPART 5 没有找到答案PART 1 答案《‘Businessman of the Year' Award》年度企业家奖。
剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读
剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理一下剑桥BEC商务英语考试高级真题,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)：阅读真题一·Look at the sentences below and at five passages taken from a book aboutfamous management thinkers on the opposite page.· Which passage does each sentence refer to?· For each sentence 1 - 8, mark one letter A1 B, C, D or E on your AnswerSheet.· You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example:He has developed his own company to promote his work.0 A B C D E1 Others in his field think very highly of him.2 His ideas have spread beyond the business world.3 He felt that people should be able to enjoy their work.4 His ideas are more complex than they seem.5 He did a variety of interesting things before writing his books.6 His most successful book was written with a colleague.7 He is particularly skilled at forecasting important developments.8 Contact with the military was an early influence on his thinking.A John AdairAdair is the pioneering British thinker in the theory of leadership. He wasthe first person in the UK to hold a professorship in Business Leadership andhas published a series of influential books on the subject.Despite his quiet appearance, Adair has had a colourful life, serving in aBedouin regiment and working on an Arctic fishing boat! His initial interest inleadership came from his army experience and he used to lecture at the highlyprestigious academy where British army offices are trained. He now works as aninternational consultant.B Edward de BonoDe Bono is unusual among major gurus for two reasons: firstly, he was bornnot in one of the great industrial nations but on the tiny island of Malta. Secondly, his ideas have reached a wider audience than just managers, so thathis books have become essential rending in many different disciplines.Most of de Bono s work has been concerned with the way human beings cantrain themselves to think more creatively. This apparently simple idea has resulted in 37 books and a highly successful career as a lecturer and consultant.C Peter DruckerProbably no other single thinker has done as much as Drucker to establishmanagement as a serious area of study. Certainly, his fellow management thinkersconsider him one of the founding fathers of the discipline, and his books andarticles are quoted more than those of any other management writer.His first book was published as far back as 1939, yet he is still writingand teaching. His greatest distinction has been his ability to predict comingtrends in business and economics. As a result, his ideas are treated with thegreatest respect and interest.D Frederick HerzbergAlthough relatively few contemporary management students will have read hisbooks, Herzberg s name is instantly recognisable to anyone who has studiedindustrial organisations. This is because the American psychologist was responsible for introducing the concept of motivation into management thinking.As a young man, Herzberg became deeply interested in mental illness and thehuman need for mental and emotional satisfaction. This led him to criticise theapproach of many companies to job design, and to argue for the need for jobenrichment to stimulate employees efforts.E Tom PetersThe American s reputation was created in the I 980s by the spectacularsuccess of one book, In Search of Excellence, co-written with Robert Waterman.The two were working together as management consultants and no-one expectedtheir first (and only) book to end up selling 5 million copies worldwide!Although his ideas have been criticised, Peters popularity as a speaker andwriter has continued to grow. So much so that Peters has created his own business to market books, videos and consultancy based on his work.PART TWOQuestions 9 - 14· Read this text from an article about health clubs.· Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill in each of thegaps.· For each gap 9 - 14, mark one letter A - H on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once.· There is an example at the beginning (0).Travel stress brings boom to health clubsA rapid growth in business travel has provided a lucrative spin-off forBritish health clubs as companies try to prevent hard-working executives fromsuffering travel-related stress.Health clubs are fully booked throughout the coming months all around thecountry and many are planning to expand their facilities.0 H According to Gillie Turner, group marketing manager for the Champneysgroup of health clubs, during the last recession executives lost many of theirextra benefits as companies cut back. . 9 She says that large companies alsoseem to have decided that it is no good sending someone to a country like Spainas a reward for doing a good job, because they will simply eat too much and floponto a beach. . 10Champneys, the company acknowledged as the market leader in this field, isnow planning to introduce a special Profiting from Stress course, which willrun over three days. . 11 Jonathon Stapleton, general manager of Champneys, saysthat modern corporate life being what it is, most business travellers find thatthey are having to do the work which - even a year ago - was done by two.12To meet this new demand, other health clubs are also thinking ofintroducing similar schemes. Clare Brandish, the sales and marketing director ofanother health club, has noticed a marked change in the clientele at her club. .13Businesses of all kinds are anxious to reduce absenteeism. . 14 Much of theproblem is caused by long periods away from home, irregular hours, businessentertaining and jet lag.According to the Guild of Business Travel Agents, sales of business-classairline tickets have risen by 12% in the past year, hotel bookings have gone upby 36% and car hire has risen by 24%. Dave Reynolds, the GBTA chief executive,says that the trouble is that the same number of people are being asked to travel more often. He comments that it is nowonder they need to take a break in a health club.A It has been calculated that about 40 million working days are lost eachyear in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost 10industrialdisputes.B This has involved a considerable rise in the number of business bookings,whereas previously most clients came as private individuals.C Now they are being restored, as industry realises that the health of itsexecutives is vital.D But who will benefit most from these developments?E Because of the pressures this imposes, many companies have now decidedthat it is worthwhile paying for their senior executives to take a proper breakand get advice on how to combat stress.F Executives taking part in it will be given massages and health treatments, workouts and a range of talks on how to deal with stress, especiallywhen travelling.G So what s the reason for this now trend?剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)：阅读真题二· Read the following article on recruiting and managing staff and thequestions on the opposite page.· Each question has four suggested answers or ways of finishing the sentence, A, B, C and D.· Mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet, for the answer youchoose.As a manager in the service industry sector, Ive looked at hundreds of CVsin my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might thinkthey are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities andsuitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a longlist of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Ratherthan an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like - is it all steps forward, orare there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a familyperson with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible andreliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our ownapplication forms. We ask why theyve applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubsthey belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people haveactually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of thesalaries they have received for each job.It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with greatcare. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investmentfor any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staffturnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay.That s why, when youve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best outof them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business,an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitablecompany. The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefitedthe company.I didnt have much experience then of managing people, but above all Ialways tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staffknew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didnt agree with them all.Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit,and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company toall the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry driversresponded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. Theyunderstood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then onthe days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make acompany work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important,but it doesnt pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen teamspirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.15 What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A that they have experience of many different jobsB that their careers have developed steadilyC the opinion their employers had of themD whether they are married or single16 The writer says the application form is useful because itA reveals something of the applicant s character.B gives information about the applicant s family.C explains what skills the applicant has for the job.D shows how much the applicant wants to earn.17 According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A Interviewing people is an expensive process.B They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.18 One reason why the writer was successful in her first business wasthatA she was used to dealing with people.B she was open with the staff.C the business was already doing well when she started.D the staff agreed with all her decisions.19 The writer believes profit-sharing is a good idea becauseA it encourages a competitive spirit.B everyone earns the same salary.C everyone shares the same aim.D it creates job satisfaction.20 Which would make the best title for this text?A Profit-sharing as motivationB How I turned a business roundC People - the key to business successD The importance of a well-presented CVPART FOURQuestions 21 - 30·Read the article below about a method of learning languages for businesspeople.· Choose the best word from the opposite page to fill each gap.· For each question 21 - 30 mark one letter A, B, C or D on your AnswerSheet.· There is an example at the beginning (0).Language learning for the busy executiveIf youve ever been told by your boss to improve your knowledge of aforeign language youll know that ……(0)…… doesnt come quickly. It generallytakes years to learn another language well and constant ……(21)…… to maintain thehigh standards required for frequent business use. Whether you study in a class,with audiocassettes, computers or on your ……(22)…… sooner or ……(23)…… everylanguage course finishes and you must decide what to do next if you need aforeign language for your career.Business Audio Magazines is a new product designed to help you continuelanguage study in a way that fits easily into your busy schedule. Each audiocassette ……(24)…… of an hour-long programme packed with business news,features and interviews in the language of your choice. These cassettes won tteach you how to order meals or ask for directions. It is ……(25)…… that you cando that already. Instead, by giving you an opportunity to hear the language asit s really spoken, they help you to ……(26)…… your vocabulary and improve yourability to use real language relating to, for example, that all-important marketing trip.The great advantage of using audio magazines is that they ……(27)…… you toperfect your language skills in ways that suit your lifestyle. For example, youcan select a topic and listen in your car or hotel when away on business. Noother business course is as ……(28)…… And the unique radio-magazine format is asinstructive as it is entertaining. In addition to the audiocassette, this package includes a transcript with a business glossary and a study ……(29)…… Thecomponents are structured so that intermediate and advanced students may usethem separately or together ……(30)…… on their ability.Example: A B C D20 A gain B result C success D outcome21 A exercise B performance C practice D operation22 A self B individual C personal D own23 A after B then C later D quicker24 A consists B includes C contains D involves25 A insisted B acquired C asserted D assumed26 A prolong B extend C spread D lift27 A allow B let C support D offer28 A adjustable B flexible C convertible D variable29 A addition B supplement C extra D manuscript30 A according B depending C relatingD basing剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)：阅读真题三· Read the article below about meetings.· For each question 31 - 40 write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on yourAnswer Sheet.How to make more of meetingsYou should know what ends you want to achieve in a meeting before it startsand prepare for it (0)……reading any papers circulated beforehand, and carefullythinking about (31)…… you want to say. This may sound rather boring, but solidpreparation is the key to successful meeting s: A great (32)……of time and energycan be wasted through simple lack of planning.The most important issues are not always given the most time in thegeneralrunning of meetings. People are often unwilling (33)…… discuss importantbudgetary matters because they do not fully understand them, but (34)…… becomesan expert when it comes to discussing the colour of the new curtains, or whattype of coffee to buy The discussion of (35)…… trivial matters as these, therefore, should be saved until the end of the meeting.During the meeting it is essential to stick to the agenda so (36)……to avoidthe common problem of repetition. At the same time you (37)…… to be sensitive toother people s ideas and feelings, and never lose your temper. Be prepared toaccept (38)…… implement a suggestion that is contrary to (39)…… own ideas if itis an improvement on them; such honesty and flexibility are signs of good leadership and earn respect.Finally, remember that when a decision is made it is important to act (40)…… it and to honour all the commitments you have made in the meeting.PART SIXQuestions 41 - 50· In most lines of the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It iseither grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text.·For each numbered line 41 - 50, find the unnecessary word and then writethe word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. Some lines are correct. If aline is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. The exercise begins withtwo examples (0) and (00).Customer care0 Apart from ensuring that an efficient electricity supply for our00 customers, NatElectric provides an invaluable service in other areas41 as well. While our Customer Helpline (charged at local rates) is the42 first point of contact with when you want to make an enquiry and43 we receive a huge number of calls from customers - on44 average, there are 50 000 calls a one week. Available 24 hours45 a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year, our Helpline on advisors46 aim at to answer 95 per cent of all calls within 15 seconds. There47 are more than 200 advisors, working in around the clock to48 provide for this service, backed by a further 80 support staff49 who do handle any necessary paperwork. Although our target50 is to reply to letters within 10 working days, NatElectric regularly responds withinthree to four days, and we are especially proud of the standards achievedby ourcustomer relations team.。
剑桥商务英语BEC高级阅读真题(三)
剑桥商务英语BEC高级阅读真题(三)PART THREEQuestions 15 - 20· Read the following article on recruiting and managing staff and the questions on the opposite page.· Each question has four suggested answers or ways of finishing the sentence, A, B, C and D.· Mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet, for the answer you choose.As a manager in the service industry sector, I’ve looked at hundreds of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career proGREssion. What does their career path look like - is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, BECause in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they’ve applied, what their aspira tions and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That s why, when you’ve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn’t have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and ac cepted my decisions, even if they didn’t agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn’t pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by givingeveryone a common goal that they work towards together.。
剑桥商务英语真题3 答案
TEXT 3 KEY TEXT 3 READINGPART 11-5 A E D A B6-8 E C DPART 29-10 C F11-14 A E G BPART 315 B16-20 C D A C BPART 421-25 A C C B A26-30 C A B C DPART 531-35 IN AS WITH THERE AT/BY36-40 RATHER SOME/AN NOT ITS ISPART641-45 HOW A LOOKING APPOINT CORRECT 46-50 HA VE WITH IN MAKE SURE51-52 TIME CORRECTTEST 3 LISTENING1 EDUCATION2 MULTINATIONAL3 ANNUAL REPORT4 20 AWARDS/ GRANTS5 PROJECT CO-ORDINATION/ING6THE PROEDICTED BENEFITS7 REGIONAL CONSULTANTS8 COSTS AND DATS9 CENTRAL COMMITTEE10 70 %11 QUARTERLY INSTALMENTS12 PROGRESS REVIEW/ REPORTPART 213-15 C A H16-20 D G B E A21-22 H DPART 323-25 C A B26-30 C B A A CTapesciptListening test 3Q 1 -12:Woman : Thank you everybody, thank you . the Business Support Agency or BSA are very proud of the part we play in the development of business success . Today, I ‘ll give you a bit of background on the Agency, and then outline the steps involved in applying for support, OK?what we do, basically, is distribute financial support from our funds, which come from the central government Department of Education on the one hand, and then that sum is matched—the amount fluctuates on a yearly basis-by contributions from a number of multinational companies. We then follow the procedures I ‘ll be outlining in a moment. Some examples of this work, if you’re interested , can be seen in our annual report-I ‘ll leave copies out for you to look at . since we began, ,we’ve given out over three hundred grants. We made twenty awards last year alone, and expect that figure to rise to twenty-five next year. But we’re not simply giving this money away—our criteria are strict.So , how do you apply ? Well, there are four steps to making an application. In the first place, you should get in touch with our Project Co-ordinating Office . You can call them on 0188454545 and express your interest . they’ll then send you an application form. It’s quite a lengthy document, I must warn you, and you ‘ll need to fill in information about the history of your company, outline your requirements, and include the predicted benefits. That gives us the beginning of a picture and enables us to make an initial decision about whether to proceed any further. The third step would be having a meeting with one of our regional consultants. This involves talking through your ideas for development if you get the grant and should help you to focus clearly on your exact needs. And the fourth step is producing a full plan, which needs to include all costs and dates. By this time, both sides will have a very clear picture. Now, all this obviously takes up quite some time, and you need to think carefully about which personnel within your organization are going to be available to put in the necessary work. Ok , well that’s then your role finished for the time being.Meanwhile, we continue to go through your plans in detail. Ultimately, whether or not you get a grant will be decided by our central committee. This consists of representatives from our funding bodies and a panel of experts. For logistical reasons, they only meet every three months, so it can take a while for you to hear from us. Now, assuming you are successful and around eighty per cent of applications are the BSA will be looking to fund seventy per cent of your overall requirement. That proportion is up from a maximum of sixty percent last year. The payment will be made in quarterly installments. This has proved to be the most generally useful method all round. The last job for you will be coming up with a progress review, which you need to do at the end of the first year, well , are there any questions?Q 13-22:Man: I ‘d been feeling for some time that a move was overdue, and I suppose it was just the fact that I thought I ‘d miss the friendliness of the place that held me back. But in the end I realised that I could spend my life there and not move up the ladder- you could see how the roles with responsibility were filled by people who weren’t themselves about to move on. I am glad overall I can see my role will continue to develop here, and I ‘ve had no second thoughts- the only drawback is that it is a bit chaotic here. So even though I’d say I was pretty effective at meeting deadlines, there are others who aren’t ,and their inability to sort out each day’s tasks can create bottlenecks that cause frustrationsWoman: I was getting tired of the sense of doing the same thing over and over again and decided it was time to ring the changes. I’m pleased I did, because I ‘ve got a greater range of responsibilities now, now it means my skills and abilities are put to better use. It is a smaller outfit, of course, and the MD does rather keep himself to himself, but, generally, I like the independence that leaves me, particularly with such high-quality support staff. On the other hand, something that should be addressed here is the issue of assessment-the system here isn’t actually very relevant to what people actually do, so sometimes you’re judged on the wrong issues.Man:I ‘d been looking around for some time, but it wasn’t until I wasn’t to see a recruitment consultant that I began to focus my aims I suppose it’s not surprising ---I was actually quite hard to work out what the core of the job was—but it was certainly at some distance from what I’d spent so long studying, and the consultant helped me to realize my dissatisfaction came from under-using that background. So I do feel a lot more focused here. One drawback, I guess, is the failure to make the most of all the IT, so that, for example, I end up sitting here emailing away to colleagues who can’t even be bothered to reply or react.Woman : well, I’d been convinced for quite a while that my old company wasn’t moving in the right direction . but of course it was only me that seemed to think so ^^ everyone else was perfectly happy trundling along. So I was delighted when this opportunity came up , the change to properly investigate market trends, even if it meant a greater number of trips. Some people might think it dull, but I get a lot out of it , I have to say I ‘d get even more out of it if I thought they had the big picture a bit clearer in their heads. At the moment no-one knows what to do with my findings because the Board don’t know where they ‘re going long term.Man: hm, well I was feeling stuck. It’s not that I’m hugely ambitious, I guess I’d be looking at re-training myself it that was the case- but certainly my interpersonal skills weren’t being used to their full extent. All I ‘d eve done was deal with one or two suppliers occasionally, whereas now I am meeting clients and other contacts on a daily basis, which is what I was hoping for. The downside is that my lack of knowledge about computers is beginning to show. This place is so well equipped with all the latest software that I am a bit out of my depth. In my defence, I’d say it would not matter so much if they had more than one poor overworked guy that you could contact to ask for help when something goes wrong.Q 23 to 30Woman:Whew, what a meeting! Were you as surprised as I was , Jerry?Man: you bet,when the Chairman called us to it, I thought it might be about the takeover that there have been rumours about, but I didn’t expect anything like the Chief Executive being forced out.Woman: NO, It doesn’t seem fair to blame him for the American project not making much money, when it hasn’t had long to establish itself, and I can’t see why the Board have decided to end it now. after all, they didn’t seem worried earlier this years, when the markets panicked about it and our share price dropped..Man: And fancy Keith Barnes becoming Chief Exectutive! Did you know he joined as a trainee, thirty years ago ?Woman: yes, he certainly knows the company, but he’s had very little time in positions that ‘ll help him as Chief Executive. I doubt if he’s got what it takes to run a big company like this. If you ask me, the Chairman wanted to make an internal appointment, and Keith was in the right palace at the right time. Well we’ll see how he turns out, but I reckon he’ll only keep the job for as long as the Chairman’s behind him.Man: yeah, you are probably right, and what about these new plans Keith talked about? It seems pretty risky to expand into areas where we have got no experience or expertise .this company has been making furniture for years, and we ought to stick to what we’re good at, and maybe expand through acquisitions.Woman: Well, it might be a good idea.Man: I know our market share’s growing, but the strategy still relies too much on low prices to attract customers. What we really need to do more is to do more is to make people want our beds and more is to make people want our beds and furniture because they’ re special, not because they’re cheap.Woman: You mean moving into niche markets?Man:I’d describe it as staying in the mass market, but standing out from the rest. Woman: Right. Consumers are becoming more demanding these days, after all. Man: Exactly. What about you , Tania? How do you feel about your new responsibility?Woman: it’s going to be quite a challenge, I reckon. I mean, sorting out the reorganization of the business into divisions sounds simple enough, but I suspect it’ll produce plenty of headaches. And with several brands to deal with, some of which cut across the divisions, it’s going to be pretty complicated. I suspect it’ll be tough to finish it in the time I ‘ve been given. And of course, congratulations on becoming Export Sales Manager, Jerry.Man: Thanks.Woman: You don’t sound very enthusiastic . don’t you want the job?Man: oh, yes. It’s just the sort of challenge I need. Something to get my teeth into, and the chance to use what I learnt when I was in export Sales before. But there are other people who ‘ve stayed in the department who might resent me going back into it over them.Woman: Well, surely if you work closely with them, they’ll realize you’re all right?Man: Yes, I’m sure I can do it. I just need to get things off on the right foot right from the beginning.Woman : so will you be involved in the TV advertising campaign that Keith talked about?Man: I hope not! It’s all very well promoting our cabinet furniture brands, but I think the money would be better spent on pushing bed sales: that’s the side of the business that needs more consumer awareness..Woman: Right, I can see why they’ve picked this time to plan a campaign, as advertising costs are relatively low at the moment, but I agree , they haven’t got the plan quite right. Actually I’m not very happy about the way they’ve allocated money in general.Man: you aren’t going to turn down the pay rise, are you?Woman: No, I’m not that idealistic. And of course it’s right to spend money on new products and machinery. But we’ve been asking for ages for better facilities for the factory workers in particulars, and it doesn’t look as though much is being done for them.Man: maybe if we keep pressing for that##。
剑桥BEC真题集第三辑阅读
Test 1READING 1HourPART ONEQuestions 1—7●Look at the statements below and the book reviews on the opposite page.●Which book (A, B, C or D) dose each statement 1 – 7 refer to?●For each statement! – 7, make one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.1 It would be advisable for Flacks to consult customers before developing a new product.2 Producing goods for specialist markets might increase Flacks' profits.3 Flacks may need to change the function of one of its facilities.4 Flacks should utilize its current expertise to enter a different market.5 Flacks may need to consider closing its current production facility.6 Flacks should develop the connections it has established with leading retailers.7 Expanding the product range would not be a problem for the workforce.Flacks is a UK-based company that produces fashion accessories forwomen. How can it continue to grow its business?A Susan FalmerC Gary WilmotPART TWOQuestions 8—12●Read the article below about a recruitment company.●Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.●For each gap 8 – 12, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.●There is an example at the beginning.(0)Evaluating the performance of the boardFew employees escape the annual or twice-yearly performance review. (0) .....G......The answer is not a great number. And the smaller the company, the fewer checks there are on how well the directors are doing. Some of the largest companies formally assess the performance of their board, but very few new or growing companies have managed to get round to establishing any such procedure. Many business experts believe, however, that it is important for all companies to review the performance of the board. (8) .............Another reason is that the board itself needs information on how well it is doing, just as much as other employees do. For the chief executive, appraisal of some sort is absolutely essential for his or her own sake and for the good of the company. Indeed, many of those who have reached this level remark on how lonely the job of chief executive is and how few opportunities they get to discuss issues relating to it.There is some evidence to show that once smaller companies put a board appraisal process in place, they find this process relatively easy to operate. (9) .............Their counterparts in larger organisations, however, are often afraid that appraisals could be a challenge to their status.So, how should companies assess their board? (10) .............At a very basic level,this could simply mean getting all the directors to write down what they have achieved and how they can improve on it. At the other end of the scale is the full '360-degree' appraisal. Here, each director is appraised in a systematic manner by a combination of the chairman and fellow directors.In the largest companies there are many methods for assessing the board. A number of such companies have self-assessment schemes. The chairman may meet each board member individually to ask how things are going, in a fairly informal way. The whole board might also meet to talk about its progress in open session. (11).............These might ask for people's opinions on the board's main tasks or on how well the committees are working.Research indicates there has been some improvement in the way the appraisal of board members is conducted. (12) .............The chairman will have been involved directly or indirectly in the appraisal of all members of the board. Whose job is it, then, to appraise the chairman?A It is often the case that the directors of such companies are even happy to receive criticism, as this can prevent them from making basic mistakes.B The rest of the workforce sees it as unfair if the directors are the only members of the company to escape appraisal.C These are encouraging as they put a limit on the power of the chairman to assess fellow directors.D Alternatively, questionnaires might be distributed to directors, forming the basis for future discussion.E One issue remains, however, when all the others have been dealt with.F It is generally agreed that it is the chairman's responsibility to ensure the regular appraisal of each member of the board.G However, one wonders how many companies have in place a formal appraisal process for their board of directors.PART ThreeQuestions 13—18Read the article below about Smithson’s, a British department store, and the ques tions on the opposite page.For each question 13 – 18, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.BRITISH COMPANIES CROSS THE ATLANTICNext month a large group of British business people are going to America on a venture which may generate export earnings for their companies' shareholders in years to come. A long list of sponsorswill support the initiative, which will involve a ￡3-million media campaign and a fortnight of events and exhibitions. The ultimate goal is to persuade more Americans that British companies have something to interest them.While there have been plenty of trade initiatives in the past, the difference this time round is that considerable thinking and planning have gone into trying to work out just what it is that Americans look for in British products. Instead of exclusively promoting the major corporations, this time there is more emphasis on supporting the smaller, more unusual, niche businesses.Fresh in the memories of all those concerned is the knowledge that America has been the end of many a large and apparently successful business. For Carringtons, a retail group much respected by European customers and investors, America turned out to be a commercial disaster and the belief that they could even show some of the great American stores a retailing trick or two was hopelesslyover-optimistic.Polly Brown, another very British brand that rode high for years on good profits and huge city confidence, also found that conquering America, in commercial and retailing terms, was not as easy as it had imagined. When it positioned itself in the US as a niche, luxury brand, selling shirts that were priced at $40 in the UK for $125 in the States, the strategy seemed to work. But once its management decided it should take on the middle market, this success rapidly drained away. It was a disastrous mistake and the high cost of the failed American expansion plans played a large role in its declining fortunes in the mid-nineties.Sarah Scott, managing director of Smythson, the upmarket stationer, has had to think long and hard about what it takes to succeed in America and she takes it very seriously indeed. 'Many British firms are quite patronising about the US,' she says. They think that we're so much more sophisticated than the Americans. They obviously haven't noticed Ralph Lauren, an American who has been much more skilled at tapping into an idealised Englishness than any English company.Also, many companies don't bother to study the market properly and think that because something's successful in the UK, it's bound to be successful over there. You have to look at what you can bring them that they haven't already got. On the whole, American companies are brilliant at the mass, middle market and people who've tried to take them on at this level have found it very difficult.'This time round it is just possible that changing tastes are running in Britain's favour. The enthusiasm for massive, centralised retail chains has decreased. People want things with some sort of individuality; they are fed up with the banal, middle-of-the-road taste that America does so well.They are now looking for the small, the precious, the 'real thing', and this is precisely what many of the companies participating in the initiative do best.13. The main reason that the British business people are going to America is toA encourage American consumers to buy their products.B analyse how American companies attract media coverage.C look for financial backing from American investors and banks.D investigate how British and American companies could form partnerships.14. In the writer's opinion, the proposed venture will be different to previous ones becauseA fewer British business leaders will be making the trip.B less well-known companies will be better represented.C the larger companies have decided they will not be participating.D it involves research into how British companies market themselves.15. The writer states that Carringtons was wrong toA be cautious about trading in America.B borrow money from its European investors.C assume it was superior to American rivals.D ignore the advice of its American managers.16 .According to the writer, Polly Brown's mistake occurred when itA continued to trade despite making a loss.B attempted to attract a different type of customer.C tried to break into too many markets at the same time.D expected American consumers to pay British prices for goods.17. Sarah Scott states that British companies hoping to succeed in America shouldA focus on a gap in the market.B be less concerned with their image.C concentrate on selling products in the mid-price range.D carry out research into the pricing policies of American companies.18 .The writer suggests that success in America depends uponA adopting a more American approach to marketing.B persuading the mid-range consumer to pay for quality.C copying the strategies of American companies.D building a reputation as a supplier of unique goods.PART FourQuestions 19—33●Read the advice below about how to make meetings more effective.●Choose the best word to fill each gap from (A, B, C or D) on the opposite page.Promise of Jobs with Telephone Banking CentreAn ￡80-million telephone banking centre is to open in Scotland, with the creation of about 500 new jobs. Grand Union Group, which owns the Dundee and Western Bank, said today it hopes to have the (19) ___fully operational by next August. It will be based at the new Caledonian Industrial Estate currently being built near Edinburgh.The centre is being (20)____ through a joint partnership (21)____ global telecommunications firm Concept and customer care specialists Businesslink.Sara Grimaldi, chief executive of the Dundee and Western Bank, said, 'I'm delighted we will be working in (22) ____with Concept and Businesslink and I'm confident we will (23)___ from their considerable experience. The new centre will make (24) ____use of innovative business procedures which will (25) ___to an improved service and experience for our valued customers.' Callum Martin, president of global accounts for Grand Union Group, added that he was very pleased his company will play a key role in such an important development employing state-of- the-art technology. The local council said new jobs were (26)____ of the efforts made to (27)____ investment to the region.Council leader Hugh MacArthur said, 'It's good news for Grand Union, but it will also (28)___ us to promote Edinburgh to companies considering a (29)____ to Scotland. The council will continue to work hard to ensure that today's (30)____ is just the latest (31) ____in our attempt to create high quality jobs in the area.'Scotland has become a European leader in terms of telephone banking centres and has (32)____ itself an excellent reputation. The call centre sector as a whole employs more than 28,000 people at more than 170 sites in Scotland. Taking this into (33)____, it seems likely that this new centre will be another success story.19.A facility B plant C function D situation20.A assisted B invested C funded D paid21.A consisting B engaging C containing D involving22.A venture B teamwork C enterprise D collaboration23.A benefit B improve C grow D advance24.A inclusive B uniform C extensive D universal25.A help B contribute C provide D combine26.A facts B reasons C data D evidence27.A acquire B gain C attract D win28.A necessitate B ease C support D enable29.A reorganisation B reassignment C relocation D replacement30.A announcement B publication C notice D acknowledgement31.A method B step C point D action32.A achieved B taken C drawn D earned33.A mind B regard C account D notePART FiveQuestions 34—45●Read the article below about a change in the way companies operate.●In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect of does not fitin with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.●If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your AnswerSheet.●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).Consumer Behavior0 The consumer is the focus of all retail business and it is important to appreciate how(correct)00 consumers are influenced in their buying decisions. Most of consumers, before making a (of)34 purchase, gather information and evaluate with the alternatives, but the extent to which35 they look for information depends on the type of purchase. For example, in the case of36 routine grocery purchases most consumers respond to automatically. However, for37 purchases where the risk of making the wrong decision is greater, like buying a new38 car, so the search for information is more important. The decision to purchase is never a39 single decision but a number of these separate decisions, and at any time during this40 process, consumers can change their minds about and choose an alternative route. For41 example, although a consumer may have decided whereto buy a product only to realise42 at the last moment that this is, in fact, having the wrong choice. The price in the store may43 be too high or the staff unhelpful. On the other hand, a lack of queues, favourable credit44 facilities and efficient staff all lead to a too positive impression, so retailers should45 remember how difficulties in these areas that can affect a sale or even lose a customer permanently.Test 2READING 1HourPART ONEQuestions 1—7●Look at the statements below and the book reviews on the opposite page.●Which book (A, B, C or D) dose each statement 1 – 7 refer to?●For each statement! – 7, make one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.●You will need to use some of these letters more than once.1 In order to complete a task well, it may not be necessary to deal with every detail.2 If you have too much to do, you may need to turn down work in the future.3 Any planning activity needs to take place on a regular basis.4 You should avoid giving additional time to a particular task.5 It is possible that some routine tasks do not need to be carried out.6 If you are overloaded with work, it is important to identify the cause.7 People at all levels perform time-wasting activities.Successful Time ManagementABCDPART TWOQuestions 8—12●Read the article below about a recruitment company.●Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.●For each gap 8 – 12, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.●There is an example at the beginning.(0)Staff appraisalsGood preparation for staff appraisals can pay dividends in terms of staff loyalty and satisfaction.Many managers, particularly those running smaller companies, feel they are too busy to give their employees appraisals, and many staff clearly dread them. (0) ........... They provide the opportunity for the manager to have one-to-one discussions with an employee and find out about any concerns, as well as identifying training needs and discovering career aspirations. They can make a staff member feel valued and so build loyalty.The annual appraisal can either be a rewarding or painful experience. According to research carried out among 500 employees, the standard office appraisal is far from perfect.(8).............The possible outcome for the company is even worse; up to a quarter of employees will look for a new job within two weeks of a bad appraisal and 40% within a month.The quality of the appraisal lies with how the boss decides to carry it out. When it is done well, employees are able to use the feedback they receive to improve their performance. (9).............So how should a constructive appraisal be carried out? According to Andrew Gillingham, a consultant trainer, appraisals can be manager-led, with the appraiser preparing a document and sharing it with the employee. Establishing training needs and motivating the employee towards bigger and better things are part of this process. (10) ............. In both cases, Gillingham believes that the effectiveness of the appraisal discussion can determine the performance of the company.Gillingham believes that anyone who thinks it's just the employee who doesn't like the appraisal experience has got it wrong. Too many managers regard appraisals as a waste of time.(11) ..............................Managing people is a difficult matter, and without the necessary training, many managers try to avoid the uncomfortable issues that often need to be discussed at appraisals. Gillingham believes that calling the process an appraisal may be unhelpful.(12) ..........................In either case, it is important to ensure that the meeting is successful and results in better quality management. Gillingham firmly believes that the main thing is to emphasise an open communications ethos in the workplace that gives staff a chance to talk about issues and feel valued.A . Alternatively, managers may want the employees themselves to evaluate their work performance.B. In larger companies, the people likeiy to do something with this information will be found in the HR department.C. Problems such as rushing through the appraisal and being appraised by a manager who doesn't understand the employee's role were common concerns.D. Arguably, 'performance review' is more appropriate since it helps create correct expectations from the meeting and indicates what will happen.E. This is mainly because they have not been shown how to carry out appraisals properly.F. But all too often, the format of the appraisal doesn't allow this.G. But this can be avoided and, given a more positive attitude from participants, appraisals can prove enormously useful for all involved.PART ThreeQuestions 13—18Read the article below about Smithson’s, a British department store, and the questions on the opposite page.For each question 13 – 18, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.Problems in the IT industryIn the information technology industry, it is widely acknowledged that how well IT departments of the future can fulfil their business goals will depend not on the regular updating of technology, which is essential for them to do, but on how well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology. This is becoming more difficult. Best estimates of the current shortfall in IT staff in the UK are between 30,000 and 50,000, and growing.And there is no end to the problem in sight. A severe industry-wide lack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking. Employers are chasing experienced staff in ever-decreasing circles, and, according to a recent government report, 250,000 new IT jobs will be created over the next decade.Most employers are confining themselves to dealing with the immediate problems. There is little evidence, for example, that they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or retraining existing staff from other functions. This is the course of action recommended by the Computer Software Services Association, but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing in more and more consultants on a contract basis. However, this approach is becoming less and less acceptable as the general shortage of skills, coupled with high demand, sends contractor rates soaring. An experienced contract programmer, for example, can now earn at least double the current permanent salary.With IT professionals increasingly attracted to the financial rewards and flexibility of consultancy work, average staff turnover rates are estimated to be around 15%. While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff 'golden handcuffs' -deferred loyalty bonuses that tie them in until a certain date - other organisations, like local governments, are unable to match the competitive salaries and perks on offer in the private sector and contractor market, and are suffering turnover rates of up to 60% a year.But while loyalty bonuses have grabbed the headlines, there are other means of holding on to staff. Some companies are doing additional IT pay reviews in the year and paying market premiums. But such measures can create serious employee relations problems among those excluded, both within and outside IT departments. Many industry experts advise employers to link bonuses to performance wherever possible. However, employers are realising that bonuses will only succeed if they are accompanied by other incentives such as attractive career prospects, training, and challenging work that meets the individual's long-term ambitions.This means managers need to allocate assignments more strategically and think about advancing their staff as well as their business. Some employers advocate giving key employees projects that would normally be handled by people with slightly more experience or capability. For many employers, however, the urgency of the problem demands a more immediate solution, such as recruiting skilled workers from overseas. But even this is not easy, with strict quotas on the number of work permits issued. In addition, opposition to the recruitment of IT people from other countries is growing, as many professionals believe it will lead to even less investment in training and thus a long-term weakening of the UK skills base.13 According to the first paragraph, the success of IT departments will depend onA their success at retaining their skilled staff.B the extent to which they invest in new technology.C their attempts to recruit staff with the necessary skills.D the ability of employees to keep up with the latest developments.14 A problem referred to in the second paragraph is thatA the government needs to create thousands of new IT posts.B the pool of skilled IT people will get even smaller in the future.C company budgets for IT training have been decreasing steadily.D older IT professionals have not had adequate training.15 What possible solution to the long-term problems in the IT industry is referred to in the thirdparagraph?A ensure that permanent staff earn the same as contract staffB expand company training programmes for new and old employeesC conduct more research into the reasons for staff leavingD offer top rates to attract the best specialist consultants16 In some businesses in the financial services sector, the IT staffing problem has led toA cash promises for skilled staff after a specified period of time.B more employees seeking alternative employment in the public sector.C the loss of customers to rival organisations.D more flexible conditions of work for their staff.17 Employers accept that IT professionals are more likely to stay in their present post if theyA are set more realistic performance targets.B have a good working relationship with staff in other departments.C are provided with good opportunities for professional development.D receive a remuneration package at top market rates.18 According to the final paragraph, the UK skills base will be weakened byA changes to managers' strategic thinking.B insufficient responsibility being given to IT staff.C the employment of IT staff with too little experience.D the hiring of IT personnel from abroad.PART FourQuestions 19—33●Read the advice below about how to make meetings more effective.●Choose the best word to fill each gap from (A, B, C or D) on the opposite page.Chairman's ReportI am pleased to report that, although we had been expecting poor results for this half year because of slow growth in the world economy, the company has performed very satisfactorily. Operating profits for this first half are in fact very much (19)__ with those for the corresponding (20)__ last year.Profits reached ￡l 15 million before tax, compared with ￡l 16.3 million last year. Much of our success in the last six months can be (21)__ to the fact that all our major construction projects remained on schedule. Particularly pleasing was the early (22)___of a major building contract in Canada.The company has made good progress with the initiatives announced at the Annual General Meeting. The majority of shareholders (23)___ the Board's decision to sell the company's loss-making engineering (24)____. It was the Board's belief that the company would (25)___ most benefit by (26) ____its resources on the expansion of its construction activities. Negotiations with a potential buyer began in February and are now at a critical (27)____ However, we feel that we are not as yet in a (28) ___to comment on what the outcome is likely to be.In June, we made a successful (29)____ for the Renishaw Construction Company of Hong Kong SAR, in order to give us greater (30)____ to markets in South East Asia. We still have sufficient resources to pursue our growth (31)____ and are at present (32)____ several other business opportunities which, like Renishaw Construction, would (33) new markets to us.19 A in order B on track C in line D on target20 A session B term C season D period21 A attributed B referred C assigned D designated22 A termination B ending C completion D finalising23 A confirmed B maintained C agreed D supported24 A portion B component C sector D division25 A have B gain C find D earn26 A focusing B directing C pointing D strengthening27 A height B step C edge D stage28 A condition B point C position D capacity29 A request B price C demand D bid30 A access B approach C admission D entrance31 A strategy B process C promotion D system32 A inquiring B deliberating C exploring D searching33 A send B open C provide D givePART FiveQuestions 34—45●Read the article below about a change in the way companies operate.●In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect of does not fitin with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.●If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your AnswerSheet.●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).The Career Forum0 If you work in the city centre then a visit to the Career Forum, is the00 city's most successful recruitment exhibition, will give you the information34 you need to determine whether you are making up the most of yourself.35 Currently, there are advertising many new vacancies on the job market.36 With good skills and a healthy work record in greater demand than ever, it is37 the ideal time to ensure that your career is being on the right track. The Career38 Forum has been responsible for helping many thousands of the people39 improve their job potential, and it can do something the same for you.40 Some of the best jobs in town never reach out the advertising pages, so41 to be considered for one of these top jobs as they become available,42 you will need to make closely contact with the employers' agents. The Career43 Forum is making the perfect opportunity. It is set in an informal atmosphere。
bec英语高级真题3答案解析
bec英语高级真题3答案解析BEC英语高级真题3答案解析一、考试概述BEC英语高级真题3是由剑桥大学考试委员会制作的商务英语考试。
它旨在测试考生在商务场景下的口语和书面表达能力。
学生需要通过阅读理解、写作、听力以及口语表达等不同形式的题目，来展示他们在商务英语方面的能力。
下面将对这些考试题目进行解析，以便更好地了解和应对这个考试。
二、阅读理解在BEC高级真题3的阅读理解部分，考生需要仔细阅读一篇商务类文章，然后回答相关问题。
这部分的目的是测试考生对于商务英语的理解能力以及阅读技巧。
例如，题目可能是关于一个公司的年度报告，考生需要根据报告中的数据和信息，回答问题，给出分析和建议。
在解答这样的问题时，考生需要准确理解和解释文章中的数据和图表，并能够应用自己的商务知识来分析和解决问题。
此外，考生还需要注意文章中的关键词和语义线索，以便准确把握和回答问题。
三、写作能力在BEC高级真题3的写作部分，考生需要根据给定的题目和情境，表达自己清晰、准确的商务意见或建议。
这部分的目的是测试考生的写作能力和商务分析能力。
例如，考生可能会被要求写一封推荐信，介绍给定的商务合作伙伴，并解释为什么他们应该选择该伙伴来合作。
在写作时，考生需要用恰当的商务用语和正确的语法结构，准确、有说服力地表达自己的观点。
同时，考生还需通过分析和解释公司的商务需求和合作优势，来提供相关的建议和推荐。
四、听力理解BEC高级真题3的听力理解部分提供了一系列商务场景的录音材料，考生需要仔细听录音，并回答相关问题。
这部分的目的是测试考生的听力能力和理解能力。
例如，听力材料可能是一个商务会议的录音，考生需要根据录音中的对话和讨论，回答问题或作出相关决策。
在应对这样的问题时，考生需要善于抓住关键词和信息，同时注意听力材料中的总体思路和主旨。
此外，考生还需要注意语速和语调的变化，以便更好地理解和回答问题。
五、口语表达BEC高级真题3的口语表达部分要求考生进行一段商务演讲或讨论。
商务英语-BEC高级阅读真题
商务英语:BEC高级阅读真题3of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like - is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they’ve applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That s why, when you’ve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn’t have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didn’t agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is imp ortant, but it doesn’t pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.15 What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A that they have experience of many different jobsB that their careers have developed steadilyC the opinion their employers had of themD whether they are married or single16 The writer says the application form is useful because itA reveals something of the applicant s character.B gives information about the applicant s family.C explains what skills the applicant has for the job.D shows how much the applicant wants to earn.17 According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A Interviewing people is an expensive process.B They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.18 One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was thatA she was used to dealing with people.B she was open with the staff.。
剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读
剑桥商务英语高级真题阅读为了让大家更好的预备商务英语BEC考试，我给大家整理一下剑桥BEC商务英语考试高级真题,下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)：阅读真题一· Look at the sentences below and at five passages taken from a book about famous management thinkers on the opposite page.· Which passage does each sentence refer to?· For each sentence 1 - 8, mark one letter A1 B, C, D or E on your Answer Sheet.· You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example:He has developed his own company to promote his work.0 A B C D E1 Others in his field think very highly of him.2 His ideas have spread beyond the business world.3 He felt that people should be able to enjoy their work.4 His ideas are more complex than they seem.5 He did a variety of interesting things before writing his books.6 His most successful book was written with a colleague.7 He is particularly skilled at forecasting important developments.8 Contact with the military was an early influence on his thinking.A John AdairAdair is the pioneering British thinker in the theory of leadership. He was the first person in the UK to hold a professorship in Business Leadership and has published a series of influential books on the subject.Despite his quiet appearance, Adair has had a colourful life, serving in a Bedouin regiment and working on an Arctic fishing boat! His initial interest in leadership came from his army experience and he used to lecture at the highly prestigious academy where British army offices are trained. He now works as an international consultant.B Edward de BonoDe Bono is unusual among major gurus for two reasons: firstly, he was born not in one of the great industrial nations but on the tiny island of Malta. Secondly, his ideas have reached a wider audience than just managers, so that his books have become essential rending in many different disciplines.Most of de Bono s work has been concerned with the way human beings can train themselves to think more creatively. This apparently simple idea has resulted in 37 books and a highly successful career as a lecturer and consultant.C Peter DruckerProbably no other single thinker has done as much as Drucker to establish management as a serious area of study. Certainly, his fellow management thinkers consider him one of the founding fathers of the discipline, and his books and articles are quoted more than those of any other management writer.His first book was published as far back as 1939, yet he is still writing and teaching. His greatest distinction has been his ability to predict coming trends in business and economics. As a result, his ideas are treated with the greatest respect and interest.D Frederick HerzbergAlthough relatively few contemporary management students will have read his books, Herzberg s name is instantly recognisable to anyone who has studied industrial organisations. This is because the American psychologist was responsible for introducing the concept of motivation into management thinking.As a young man, Herzberg became deeply interested in mental illness and the human need for mental and emotional satisfaction. This led him to criticise the approach of many companies to job design, and to argue for the need for job enrichment to stimulate employees efforts.E Tom PetersThe American s reputation was created in the I 980s by the spectacular success of one book, In Search of Excellence, co-written with Robert Waterman. The two were working together as management consultants and no-one expected their first (and only) book to end up selling 5 million copies worldwide!Although his ideas have been criticised, Peters popularity as a speaker and writer has continued to grow. So much so that Peters hascreated his own business to market books, videos and consultancy based on his work.PART TWOQuestions 9 - 14· Read this text from an article about health clubs.· Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill in each of the gaps.· For each gap 9 - 14, mark one letter A - H on your Answer Sheet.· Do not use any letter more than once.· There is an example at the beginning (0).Travel stress brings boom to health clubsA rapid growth in business travel has provided a lucrative spin-off for British health clubs as companies try to prevent hard-working executives from suffering travel-related stress.Health clubs are fully booked throughout the coming months all around the country and many are planning to expand their facilities.0 H According to Gillie Turner, group marketing manager for the Champneys group of health clubs, during the last recession executives lost many of their extra benefits as companies cut back. . 9 She says that large companies also seem to have decided that it is no good sending someone to a country like Spain as a reward for doing a good job, because they will simply eat too much and flop onto a beach. . 10Champneys, the company acknowledged as the market leader in this field, is now planning to introduce a special Profiting from Stress course, which will run over three days. . 11 Jonathon Stapleton, general manager of Champneys, says that modern corporate life being what it is, most business travellers find that they are having to do the work which - even a year ago - was done by two. 12To meet this new demand, other health clubs are also thinking of introducing similar schemes. Clare Brandish, the sales and marketing director of another health club, has noticed a marked change in the clientele at her club. . 13Businesses of all kinds are anxious to reduce absenteeism. . 14 Much of the problem is caused by long periods away from home, irregular hours, business entertaining and jet lag.According to the Guild of Business Travel Agents, sales of business-class airline tickets have risen by 12% in the past year, hotel bookings have gone up by 36% and car hire has risen by 24%. Dave Reynolds, the GBTA chief executive, says that the trouble is that the same number of people are being asked to travel more often. He comments that it is nowonder they need to take a break in a health club.A It has been calculated that about 40 million working days are lost each year in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost 10 industrial disputes.B This has involved a considerable rise in the number of business bookings, whereas previously most clients came as private individuals.C Now they are being restored, as industry realises that the health of its executives is vital.D But who will benefit most from these developments?E Because of the pressures this imposes, many companies have now decided that it is worthwhile paying for their senior executives to take a proper break and get advice on how to combat stress.F Executives taking part in it will be given massages and health treatments, workouts and a range of talks on how to deal with stress, especially when travelling.G So what s the reason for this now trend?剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)：阅读真题二· Read the following article on recruiting and managing staff and the questions on the opposite page.· Each question has four suggested answers or ways of finishing the sentence, A, B, C and D.· Mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet, for the answer you choose.As a manager in the service industry sector, Ive looked at hundreds of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does theircareer path look like - is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why theyve applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That s why, when youve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didnt have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didnt agree withthem all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesnt pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.15 What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A that they have experience of many different jobsB that their careers have developed steadilyC the opinion their employers had of themD whether they are married or single16 The writer says the application form is useful because itA reveals something of the applicant s character.B gives information about the applicant s family.C explains what skills the applicant has for the job.D shows how much the applicant wants to earn.17 According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A Interviewing people is an expensive process.B They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.18 One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was thatA she was used to dealing with people.B she was open with the staff.C the business was already doing well when she started.D the staff agreed with all her decisions.19 The writer believes profit-sharing is a good idea becauseA it encourages a competitive spirit.B everyone earns the same salary.C everyone shares the same aim.D it creates job satisfaction.20 Which would make the best title for this text?A Profit-sharing as motivationB How I turned a business roundC People - the key to business successD The importance of a well-presented CVPART FOURQuestions 21 - 30· Read the article below about a method of learning languages for business people.· Choose the best word from the opposite page to fill each gap.· For each question 21 - 30 mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet.· There is an example at the beginning (0).Language learning for the busy executiveIf youve ever been told by your boss to improve your knowledge of a foreign language youll know that ……(0)…… doesnt come quickly. It generally takes years to learn another language well andconstant ……(21)…… to maintain the high standards required for frequent business use. Whether you study in a class, with audiocassettes, computers or on your ……(22)…… sooner or ……(23)…… every language course finishes and you must decide what to do next if you need a foreign language for your career.Business Audio Magazines is a new product designed to help youcontinue language study in a way that fits easily into your busy schedule. Each audiocassette ……(24)…… of an hour-long programme packed with business news, features and interviews in the language of your choice. These cassettes won t teach you how to order meals or ask for directions. It is ……(25)…… that you can do that already. Instead, by giving you an opportunity to hear the language as it s really spoken, they help you to ……(26)…… your vocabulary and improve your ability to use real language relating to, for example, that all-important marketing trip.The great advantage of using audio magazines is thatthey ……(27)…… you to perfect your language skills in ways that suit your lifestyle. For example, you can select a topic and listen in your car or hotel when away on business. No other business course isas ……(28)…… And the unique radio-magazine format is as instructive as it is entertaining. In addition to the audiocassette, this package includes a transcript with a business glossary and a study ……(29)…… The components are structured so that intermediate and advanced students may use them separately or together ……(30)…… on their ability.Example: A B C D20 A gain B result C success D outcome21 A exercise B performance C practice D operation22 A self B individual C personal D own23 A after B then C later D quicker24 A consists B includes C contains D involves25 A insisted B acquired C asserted D assumed26 A prolong B extend C spread D lift27 A allow B let C support D offer28 A adjustable B flexible C convertible D variable29 A addition B supplement C extra D manuscript30 A according B depending C relatingD basing剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)：阅读真题三· Read the article below about meetings.· For each question 31 - 40 write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.How to make more of meetingsYou should know what ends you want to achieve in a meeting before it starts and prepare for it (0)……reading any papers circulated beforehand, and carefully thinking about (31)…… you want to say. This may sound rather boring, but solid preparation is the key to successful meetings: A great (32)……of time and energy can be wasted through simple lack of planning.The most important issues are not always given the most time in the general running of meetings. People are often unwilling (33)…… discuss important budgetary matters because they do not fully understand them, but (34)…… becomes an expert when it comes to discussing the colourof the new curtains, or what type of coffee to buy The discussion of (35)…… trivial matters as these, therefore, should be saved until the end of the meeting.During the meeting it is essential to stick to the agenda so (36)……to avoid the common problem of repetition. At the same time you (37)…… to be sensitive to other people s ideas and feelings, and never lose your temper. Be prepared to accept (38)…… implement a suggestion that is contrary to (39)…… own ideas if it is an improvement on them; such honesty and flexibility are signs of good leadership and earn respect.Finally, remember that when a decision is made it is important to act (40)…… it and to honour all the commitments you have made in the meeting.PART SIXQuestions 41 - 50· In most lines of the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text.· For each numbered line 41 - 50, find the unnecessary word and then write the word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. Some lines are correct. If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. The exercise begins with two examples (0) and (00).Customer care0 Apart from ensuring that an efficient electricity supply for our00 customers, NatElectric provides an invaluable service in otherareas41 as well. While our Customer Helpline (charged at local rates) is the42 first point of contact with when you want to make an enquiry and43 we receive a huge number of calls from customers - on44 average, there are 50 000 calls a one week. Available 24 hours45 a day, seven days a week, 365 days a year, our Helpline on advisors46 aim at to answer 95 per cent of all calls within 15 seconds. There47 are more than 200 advisors, working in around the clock to48 provide for this service, backed by a further 80 support staff49 who do handle any necessary paperwork. Although our target50 is to reply to letters within 10 working days, NatElectric regularly responds withinthree to four days, and we are especially proud of the standards achieved by ourcustomer relations team.。
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剑桥商务英语高级(BEC3)阅读真题3
Questions 15 - 20
· Read the following article on recruiting and managing staff and the questions on the opposite page.
· Each question has four suggested answers or ways of finishing the sentence, A, B, C and D.
· Mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet, for the answer you choose.
As a manager in the service industry sector, I’ve looked at hundreds of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like - is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.
I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they’ve applied, what their aspirations and perso nal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.
It s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care.
Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.
In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That s why, when you’ve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.
My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.
I didn’t have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decis ions, even if they didn’t agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.
Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn’t pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.
15 What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?
A that they have experience of many different jobs
B that their careers have developed steadily
C the opinion their employers had of them
D whether they are married or single
16 The writer says the application form is useful because it
A reveals something of the applicant s character.
B gives information about the applicant s family.
C explains what skills the applicant has for the job.
D shows how much the applicant wants to earn.
17 According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?。